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    Solutions For Assg 1 PDF

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Adam §. Bolton February 15, 2002 bolton@mit.edu MIT 8.02 Spring 2002 Assignment #1 Solutions Problem 1.1 Relative strengths of gravitational and electrostatic forces. Q Q a a -}———— «5 The dust grains have diameter 50 jam, and thus have a radius @ = 25 pm = 2.5 x 10-* m, ‘They have mass density p = 2.5 gm/cm’ = 2.5 x 103 kg/m? and charge Q = —ne (e being ‘the magnitude of the electron’s charge). The mass of each grain is then 4 ma aiee= 1.6 x 107" kg, ‘The gravitational attraction is ‘The electrostatic repulsion is Free ‘There would be no net force if Fe = Fa, ie. /areG™ ~0.09<1 . ‘Thus a mere single extra electron on each grain would prevent the grains from colliding. For comparison, each grain contains m/my = (1.6 x 107'°)/(1.67 x 10-77) = 10°7 nucleons {protons + neutrons). For a neutral grain, we have one electron for each proton, or one for every two nucleons, if # protons = # neutrons. Thus the total number of electrons is = 5x 109 MIT 8.02 Spring 2002 — Assignment #1 Solutions 2 Problem 1.2 Electric feld along the line passing through tro point changes. (Note: In these solutions, as in the text, we will always denote vector quantities such as the electric field by boldface font: E. In lectures, and probably in your own handwritten work, vectors are more commonly written with an arrow over the top: B.) Oe +3HC OF -7TUC x 0 04m (a) Let us first determine the electric field due to Q; alone. From the expression for the electric field due to a point charge, 1 Be area 1 If we are at position a on the a-axis, r= a9, r= Va? and # = r/|r| = (a/|ar|)#, and Note that B, is in the # direction for 2 > 0 and in the ‘expect, since the charge is located at x —0. Similarly, Qa z-04 Gey fe — 0.4 {variables always moasured in SI units unless otherwise noted). Note that E, changes diree- tion depending on whether we are to the loft or right of the charge at = 0.4 m. The total Bis the sum of E; and Ey: # direction for x < 0, as we would BE, os Fog x A é trey [eS Te 048 ‘This expression is good for —oo < x < 00, but it is worthwhile writing it out as follows: tors { (8/22 +7/(@-04))% ocr

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