Interdomain LDP-BGP VPLS

Interworking

Amit Shukla
Juniper Networks
Background

Virtual private LAN service (VPLS) glues together
several individual LANs across a packet-switched
network to appear and function as a single LAN

There are two standards for VPLS control plane
that are deployed today:
• BGP-based (BGP-VPLS): uses BGP for auto-discovery
and signaling of PWs (RFC 4761)
• LDP-based (LDP-VPLS): uses LDP for signaling of PWs
(RFC 4762), with discovery via provisioning

The data plane used by both these standards is
same
• Flooding of unknown unicast, learning/aging MAC
addresses, etc.
• A key notion in the data plane is of split-horizon
forwarding
• MPLS pseudo-wire encapsulation

2
Business Drivers for LDP-BGP VPLS
interworking solution

To interconnect domains running a
different VPLS control plane technologies

To expand LDP-based VPLS service out of

metro domain to WAN in a scalable and
efficient manner.
• By using BGP-VPLS.

3
Expanding VPLS service using BGP-VPLS

Why BGP-VPLS in WAN
• Scalable
• Auto-discovery
• Inter-provider support

Why LDP-VPLS in Metro

• Legacy

Proposed solution requires no changes in

Metro network running LDP-VPLS

4
Interconnecting Domains running different VPLS
control plane technologies (BGP-VPLS and LDP-
VPLS)

Existing inter-AS VPLS options are not
designed for ASes running different VPLS
technologies (BGP-VPLS and LDP-VPLS)
• Option-A can be used but doesn’t scale.

It is apparent that interworking function is

required between BGP-VPLS and LDP-VPLS.
VPLS-A
VPLS-A CPE1
MPE1
CPE2 VPLS-A
M-ASBR C-ASBR
MPE3 Metro-A WAN core
(BGP-VPLS)
(LDP-VPLS)

LDP-VPLS PW CPE3
MPE2 VPLS-A
VPLS-A BGP-VPLS PW
VPLS-A

5
 Extending the reach of LDP-VPLS metro-domain to
WAN via BGP-VPLS to enable region/nation-wide
VPLS service

VPLS-A
VPLS-A

MPE3 MPE1
WAN
(BGP-VPLS)
M-ASBR2
RR M-ASBR1
Metro-B
(LDP-VPLS)
C-ASBR2 C-ASBR1
Metro-A
(LDP-VPLS)
MPE2
MPE4
VPLS-A
VPLS-A
C-ASBR3 MPE5 VPLS-A

M-ASBR3
BGP Session Metro-C
VPLS-A
LDP Session (LDP-VPLS) 6
MPE6
Overview of LDP-BGP VPLS interworking

Interworking operation localized at WAN border-
router (ASBRs)

Proposed Interworking mechanism require no

changes in both
• LDP/BGP VPLS control plane specifications (and)
• Current LDP-VPLS Metro network design

 
 
 
VPLS-A
VPLS-A CPE1
MPE1
M-ASBR C-ASBR
WAN core
METRO-A
(LDP-VPLS) (BGP-VPLS)

CPE2
MPE2 VPLS-A
VPLS-A 7
Control Plane Operation

Interworking Autonomous System Border Router
(interworking ASBR)
• Supports both LDP and BGP VPLS control planes
• Setup full-mesh of LDP/BGP PWs per interdomain VPLS

Scalable
• Only one additional LDP session provisioned per LDP-VPLS
PE
• Only one additional PW setup on each LDP-VPLS PE per
VPLS




  
 

VPLS-A CPE1 VPLS-A
MPE1
M-ASBR C-ASBR
WAN core
METRO-A
(LDP-VPLS) (BGP-VPLS)

VPLS-A
LDP-VPLS PW CPE2
MPE2 BGP-VPLS PW
VPLS-A 8
How BGP-VPLS view LDP-VPLS

BGP-VPLS view the LDP-VPLS domain like
a VPLS site with a single CE.

LDP-VPLS BGP-VPLS

MPE1 CPE1 BGP Site-ID:2

VPLS-A (Interworking ASBR) VPLS-A
C-ASBR
BGP Site-ID:1 Metro-A WAN
BGP Site-ID:3
VPLS-A VPLS-A

MPE2 CPE2
Advertised BGP
Signaling
Route
<Local-site:1, Offset:1, Label-base:800>

VPLS site BGP-VPLS pseudowire LDP-VPLS pseudowire 9

How LDP-VPLS view BGP-VPLS

LDP-VPLS view the BGP-VPLS domain like
a VPLS site with a single CE.

LDP-VPLS BGP-VPLS

MPE1 CPE1

VPLS-A (Interworking ASBR) VPLS-A

C-ASBR

Metro-A WAN

VPLS-A VPLS-A

MPE2 CPE2

VPLS site BGP-VPLS pseudowire LDP-VPLS pseudowire 10

Data Plane Operation

Fundamental data operations perform on each
incoming frame on a PW:

• LDP and BGP VPLS PWs terminates on the interworking

ASBR

• Common MAC-table maintained to stitch the set of fully-

meshed LDP and BGP VPLS pseudowires

• MAC-table populated via learning a source-MAC address

from incoming frame

• Destination MAC-address lookup to determine destination

pseudowire

11
Mesh Group

Mesh group concept introduced on an
interworking ASBR

• Groups all the fully meshed PWs of each domain.

Existing split-horizon forwarding rule applicable

for each mesh group

• Allows forwarding across pseudowires part of a different

mesh-group.
• Prohibits forwarding across pseudowires part of a same
mesh-group.

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Mesh Groups: Flooding
CE-1 MPE1 Mesh-group “Metro-A” Mesh-group “WAN” CPE1 CE-3

C-ASBR VPLS-A
VPLS-A

CE-2 CE-4

VPLS-A MPE2 CPE2 VPLS-A

Flooding
packet flow LDP-VPLS PW BGP-VLS PW
From CE-1

Assume CE-1 sends a broadcast ARP request packet. It will be flooded by
MPE1, to all PEs in “Metro-A” domain (including C-ASBR) as it’s fully-meshed.
C-ASBR receives this packet from MPE1 and forwards it to all the
mesh-groups (PWs) except the one in which packet is received, as a
result packet is forwarded on all PWs part of mesh-group “WAN”.

Upon receiving this packet from MPE1, C-ASBR learns the CE-1 Mac-address
via MPE1 PW. Destination forwarding table on C-ASBR looks like:

MAC-Addr Next Hop

MAC(CE-1) PW(MPE1)
13
Mesh Groups: “Normal” Known Unicast
CE-3
CE-1 Mesh-group “Metro-A” Mesh-group “WAN”

MPE1 CPE1
VPLS-A
VPLS-A C-ASBR

CE-2 CE-4

MPE2 CPE2
VPLS-A VPLS-A
   

 BGP-VLS PW
LDP-VPLS PW
Mac-addr Next-hop Unicast
packet

Mac(CE-1) PW(MPE1)

Here, CE-3 is sending a unicast packet to CE-1 and it’s assumed that
CE-1’s MAC address has been learned on all PEs. CPE1 has learned
CE-1’s MAC via C-ASBR so it forwards the packet to C-ASBR.

C-ASBR forwards this unicast packet on MPE1 PW since both
incoming and outgoing PWs are in different mesh-groups.
14
 Mesh Groups
Full-mesh Domains
LDP-BGP VPLS interworking
MPE1 M-ASBR1 using common-mac table
CPE1 VPLS-A
VPLS-A
WAN
(BGP-VPLS) CPE3
VPLS-A
METRO-A MPE2
(LDP-VPLS)
MPE3
C-ASBR
VPLS-A
VPLS-A
M-ASBR2 VPLS-A
CPE2
METRO-B VPLS-A
(LDP-VPLS)
MPE4 LDP-VPLS PW
BGP-VPLS PW

Interconnecting multiple metro domains using a single

interworking ASBR.

Each metro domain is mapped to a dedicated mesh group.

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Interworking Device With Attached CEs

Interworking ASBR can provide PE router
functionality at the same time performing the
LDP-BGP VPLS interworking task.





#(&*$& #
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CPE1
MPE1 VPLS-A

VPLS-A VPLS-A
METRO-A WAN
(BGP-VPLS)
(LDP-VPLS) M-ASBR VPLS-A
C-ASBR
VPLS-A
CPE2
MPE2 LDP-VPLS PW BGP-VLS PW

 

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Resiliency

Interworking ASBR becomes critical for
inter-domain VPLS service

Resiliency becomes critical to complete this
solution
• Solution is redundancy

CPE1
MPE1

VPLS-A M-ASBR C-ASBR VPLS-A

METRO-A WAN
(BGP-VPLS)
(LDP-VPLS) VPLS-A
VPLS-A
CPE2
MPE2 LDP-VPLS PW BGP-VLS PW

17
Background: CE-device resiliency using
BGP-VPLS multihoming
CE device dual-homed to
PE devices for redundancy
PE1 PE4

CE2

CE1

PE3 CE3
PE2

BGP-VPLS multihoming procedures enables loop-

free redundancy to attached CE devices without
relying on Spanning Tree Protocol (STP).
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Redundancy using BGP-VPLS multihoming

Existing BGP-VPLS multihoming procedure used
with no changes to enable redundancy for LDP-
VPLS metro.


 





C-ASBR1 CPE1
MPE1 VPLS-A WAN
M-ASBR (BGP-VPLS)
VPLS-A
METRO-A
BGP Site-1 VPLS-A
(LDP-VPLS)
VPLS-A C-ASBR2
CPE2
MPE2 LDP-VPLS PW BGP-VLS PW

19
 Resiliency for multiple LDP-VPLS Metros

Why use BGP-VPLS multihoming
• Scalable: Supports multiple metro domains
• Flexible: Precise control over designated forwarder
• Load balancing: Distribution of VPLS customers

MPE1

VPLS-A WAN
BGP SITE 1 M-ASBR1 (BGP-VPLS)
C-ASBR1
CPE1
VPLS-A VPLS-A
METRO-A MPE2
(LDP-VPLS)
MPE3 M-ASBR2

VPLS-A
VPLS-A
BGP SITE 2
VPLS-A CPE2
C-ASBR2
METRO-B LDP-VPLS PW
(LDP-VPLS) MPE4
BGP-VPLS PW
20
 Extending the reach of LDP-VPLS metro-domain to
WAN via BGP-VPLS

Scalable way to enable region/nation-wide VPLS
service using BGP-VPLS in WAN.

VPLS-A
Interdomain LDP-BGP VPLS-A
Interdomain LDP-BGP
MPE1 interworking interworking
WAN MPE3
(BGP-VPLS)
Metro-A RR M-ASBR1
Metro-B
(LDP-VPLS) (LDP-VPLS)
M-ASBR2
C-ASBR2 C-ASBR1

MPE2 MPE4
MPE5
VPLS-A VPLS-A
VPLS-A C-ASBR3 VPLS-A
MPE6
Interdomain LDP-BGP
interworking
M-ASBR3
BGP Session
Metro-C VPLS-A
LDP Session (LDP-VPLS) 21
MPE7
 Resiliency using BGP-VPLS multi-homing

Enabling resiliency for LDP-VPLS domain “Metro-B”

VPLS-A
Redundant Interworking
ASBRs VPLS-A

MPE1 MPE3
WAN
C-ASBR2 (BGP-VPLS)
Metro-A RR M-ASBR1
Metro-B
(LDP-VPLS) (LDP-VPLS)
M-ASBR2
C-ASBR1

MPE4
MPE2 C-ASBR3 VPLS-A
VPLS-A C-ASBR3 VPLS-A
MPE5

M-ASBR3
BGP Session Metro-C
VPLS-A
LDP Session (LDP-VPLS) 22
MPE6
 Efficient flooding and broadcasting using P2MP
LSP in WAN running BGP-VPLS control plane

Path of multicast traffic originating from site A3

 


!  



!
 


!
VPLS-A

  



 
 
VPLS-A

MPE3 RR
MPE3
C-ASBR2 WAN
(BGP-VPLS) M-ASBR1
Metro-A
P Metro-B
(LDP-VPLS)
(LDP-VPLS)
M-ASBR2
C-ASBR1

MPE4
MPE4
! 
 VPLS-A
VPLS-A   C-ASBR3 VPLS-A
MPE5
#
"



M-ASBR3
Traffic forwarded using ingress replication Metro-C
VPLS-A
Traffic forwarded over P2MP LSP (LDP-VPLS) 23
MPE6
Summary

It works with existing LDP-VPLS standard

Scalable (and minor changes to metro design)
• Only one (or couple) additional LDP sessions per PE in
metro
• Only one (or couple) additional PWs setup per PE per
VPLS

Easier to manage
• Adding new sites or PE in a metro area does not require
any provisioning on other remote Metro area
• BGP auto-discovery simplifies provisioning task in WAN

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Summary (Cont…)

Resilient
• Native BGP-VPLS multi-homing support provides loop-
free redundancy without the need of Spanning-Tree
Protocol

Efficient
• Interworking ASBR provides dual functionality of PE
router and LDP-BGP interworking
• Multiple metro-domains can be interconnected via
single interworking ASBR
• BGP-VPLS with point-to-multipoint LSP instead of
ingress replication for multicast/broadcast unknown

25
Thank You !

26