A Slotted Quad Band MSPA for WiMAX and
C/X-band Applications
Imran Khan Geetha.D.Devanagavi Sudhindra K.R.
School of ECE School of ECE Dept. of ECE
REVA University REVA University BMSCE
Bangalore, India Bangalore, India Bangalore, India
imrangce@gmail.com dgeetha@revainstitution.org sudhin77@gmail.com
Abstract—A compact ( × × . planar antenna
operating at 3.5 (WiMAX)/4.7 (C-band)/8.4 /10.5 (X-band)
GHz is presented. The four band operation in the antenna
design configuration proposed are accomplished by etching one
circular & two parallelogram slots in the ground plane and a
rectangular radiating part. The proposed MSPA has
10 and impedance bandwidth of 7.49% (3.60-3.34 GHz),
4.72% (4.77-4.55 GHz), 4.76% (8.60-8.20 GHz) and 3.51%
(10.70-10.33GHz) centered at 3.5/4.7/8.4/10.5GHz with the gain
of 2.5/2.9/5.3/6.7dB respectively in simulation. The design
simulations are carried on a FR4 substrate with height
=1.6mm, εr=4.4 and δ=0.002 using HFSS v.13.0 simulation
software.
Keywords—Circular slot, Parallelogram slot, WiMAX, C-band,
X-band
I. INTRODUCTION
Antenna empowers wireless communication between at
least two stations by coordinating signs toward the stations.
It is a strategy for radiating or accepting radio waves, "A
commonly metallic device for transmitting or accepting
radio waves". Microstrip antennas have pulled in a
considerable measure of weakening because of fast
development in wireless communication area. The entire
ages are snared to new advancements. One of the wireless
communication innovations is assuming a fundamental job,
so consistently they try to enhance their status. And still,
after that entire microstrip patch antenna ensures low
profile, conservative and reasonable assembling for genuine
time. In the essential structure, a MSPA comprises a
substrate, a radiating patch on the top and the ground on the
base of the substrate. At the point when a MSPA is proposed
to resonate at the fundamental mode, properties of the
substrate material are exceedingly considered [1]. There are
numerous states of patch like circular, rectangular, triangular
but circular and rectangular are generally famous. As of late
there has been significant exertion in the antenna application
to smother the surface wave and defeat the restrictions of the
antenna [2]. Preference in MSPA is its capacity to exhibit
polarization, RHCP (Right Hand Circular Polarization) or
LHCP (Left Hand Circular Polarization). This property
empowers the MSPA to be utilized in assortment of
utilizations. The transmission capacity of the antennas can
be controlled by utilizing the dielectric permittivity of the
material and patch measurements. Primary burden of MSPA
is its limited data transmission and less gain [3]. MSAs are
generally utilized in Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID),
Communicate radio, versatile frameworks, Global
Positioning System (GPS), satellite correspondence, TV
978-1-5386-7949-4/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE
Tanweer Ali Shruthi C Nirmala S
Dept. of E&C Dept. of ECE Dept. of ECE
MIT, MAHE GEC Ramanagara GEC Ramanagara
Manipal, India India India
tanweer.ali@manipal.edu nirmala395089@gmail.com shruthic7234@gmail.com
frameworks, multiple-input multiple output (MIMO)
frameworks, vehicle crash shirking framework, observation
framework, course establishing, radar frameworks, remote
detecting, rocket direction, thus on [4]. In the vast majority
among the application of wireless, the multiband MSPA are
favored, on the grounds that it has flexibility of weightless;
bring down cost, multiband and low profile activity. Also it
replaces the utilization of numerous antennas for various
frequencies [5-11].
In this paper we design, analyze and present a compact
slotted four band rectangular MSPA for WiMAX, C-band
and X-band wireless applications. The antenna posse’s a
circular slot and two parallelogram slots in the ground.
These slots alters the current flow at the surface of the
antenna and help the antenna to resonate at 3.5
(WiMAX)/4.7 (C-band)/8.4/10.5 (X-band) GHz. Parametric
analysis are carried out to fix the dimension of the proposed
MSPA configuration. The performance of the antenna
exhibited at the targeted frequencies is very good in terms of
gain (dB), efficiency (%), radiation pattern and VSWR
(voltage standing wave ratio).
II. DESIGN OF THE PROPOSED ANTENNA
The principle target of the present exploration is to
acquire a multiband operation with great radiation qualities.
To get this goal, the proposed arrangement is delineated in
Fig. 1(a) and (b). The antenna is executed on a single layer
dielectric substrate. In this examine we consider a minimal
effort, promptly accessible FR4 substrate with = 0.002,
= 1.6 and = 4.4. To energize the proposed antenna
a microstrip feed line (W3× L3) is used as it can accomplish
impedance coordinating of 50Ω.
(a)
 WIDTH LENGTH
Dimension in Dimension in
Parameter Parameter
(mm) (mm)
W1 32 L1 26
W2 16 L2 16
W3 2 L3 5
W4 9
(a)

WIDTH LENGTH
Dimension in Dimension in
Parameter Parameter
(mm) (mm)
W1 32 L1 26
W2 6.2 L2 13
(b) W3 14 L3 13
Fig. 1 Layout of the MSPA configuration proposed (a) Front and W4 8 L4 12.80
(b) Ground part W5 4.47 L5 11.31
W6 5.6 L6 15.62
W7 13 L7 16.97
The various design evolution steps of the proposed W8 14 L8 3
MSPA structure is presented in Fig. 2 and their S11 results W9 12 L9 1
are demonstrated in Fig. 3. In these design evolution steps
the effect of adding various slots to the ground plane is (b)
studied by keeping the patch dimension unchanged. In the Table 1: Antenna dimensions (a) Front Patch and (b) Ground
first step, a rectangular patch antenna with a complete
ground plane is designed as demonstrated in configuration
“Design 1” of Fig. 2. It can be noticed in Fig. 3, that this
antenna does not show good performance at the lower
resonance. To incorporate the useful operating bands, a
circular slot is etched in ground as demonstrated in
configuration “Design 2” of Fig. 3. The etching of this slot
modifies the current flow which tends the antenna to operate
at the same frequency as that of “Design 2” but with lesser
S11 (Fig. 3). However, only dual band operation is achieved
from this configuration. So, to enhance the number of
operating frequency bands a parallelogram-shaped stub is
included in conjunction with circular slot of “Design 2” as
demonstrated in configuration “Design 3” of Fig. 2. The
etching of this slot further perturbs the current distribution
which tends to improve the total current length path, thus Fig. 2 Evolutional steps of the proposed MSP antenna.
making “Design 3” to operate at three bands. We introduce
another parallelogram slot in the ground as outlined in
configuration “Design 4” of Fig. 2. Thus the inclusion of
this slot improves the impedance match and makes the
antenna to resonate at four different bands as illustrated in
Fig. 3. Finally by using this configuration (i.e. “Design 4”)
the antenna operates at 3.5 GHz (WiMAX), 4.7 GHz (C-
band), 8.40 and 10.5 GHz (X-band) with acceptable
impedance matching, as demonstrated in Fig. 3. Thus from
the proposed design the aforementioned objective of
achieving multiband nature from the antenna is successfully
achieved. Moreover it can be noted that the antenna has
dimension of only 26 × 32 × 1.6 , thus, making it
easier to integrate with various wireless devices. The final
design dimension of the MSPA design structure is given in
Table 1(a) and 1(b) for front radiating patch and ground
structure respectively.
Fig. 3 Evolution design variation of S11 results
 Remembering the ultimate objective to see the effect of Moreover, the process of resonance of the proposed
different layout parameters, for instance, circular slot in the design is examined by current dissemination as exhibited in
ground part and the rectangular patch at the front of the Fig. 5. It can be noticed that for every resonance the
antenna its parametric analysis is carried out and is designed antenna has a corresponding path of resonance.
represented in Fig. 4. These examinations are done by
fluctuating one parameter immediately while keeping other
parameters steady.

Firstly, the impact of rectangular patch on antenna

impedance is contemplated as exhibited in Fig. 4(a). The
examination is finished by changing the length of patch
from 15 to 17mm. At L2=15 and 17mm the impedance
match at the third and fourth band is poor. The best
impedance coordinating for all the four band working at the
same time is accomplished at L2=16mm.

In the second step, the examination of radius of circular

slot (W5) is completed. This is on the grounds that this will (a)
likewise influence all the frequency bands drastically. It can
be seen from Fig. 4(b) that the best execution is
accomplished when W5=4.47mm.

(b)

(a)

(c)

(b)
(d)
Fig. 4 Parametric study of (a) Front Patch (L2) & (b) Circular Slot (W5) Fig. 5 Current distribution at (a) 3.5GHz, (b) 4.7GHz, (c) 8.4GHz and
(d) 10.5GHz
 III. RESULTS
The proposed configuration is simulated on HFSS v.13.0
simulator using FEM technique. The MSPA is imprinted on
FR4 substrate having = 0.02, = 1.6 and = 4.4.
The antenna has a volume of 1331mm3 (26 × 32 ×
1.6 ). The simulated S11 of the proposed configuration
is delineated in Fig. 6. The antenna has 10
bandwidth of 7.49% (3.60-3.34 GHz), 4.72% (4.77-4.55
GHz), 4.76% (8.60-8.20 GHz) and 3.51% (10.70-10.33GHz)
centered at 3.5/4.7/8.4/10.5GHz with the gain of
2.5/2.9/5.3/6.7dB respectively in simulation. The
accomplished bandwidth is adequate to meet the necessity
of WiMAX (3.5GHz), C-band (4.7GHz) and X-band
(a)
(8.4/10.5GHz).

Fig. 6 Reflection coefficient of the proposed antenna proposed, S11

The VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) of the proposed

configuration simulated is outlined in Fig. 7. It can be (b)
watched that the proposed antenna has acceptable VSWR
values (between 1 and 2) at all the frequencies (i.e. 3.5, 4.7,
8.4 and 10.5GHz).

Fig. 7 Simulated VSWR of the proposed MSPA

(c)

The simulated radiation pattern of the proposed

configuration for condition Phi=00 and 900 for all the four
resonating frequencies is outlined in Fig. 8.
 In Intelligent Communication, Control and Devices (pp. 65-72).
Springer, Singapore.
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[3] Parikh, Ravi, Priyank Joshi, and Abhishek Rawat. "Designing of
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and (d) 10.5GHz and X band." Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron
Optics 127.20 (2016): 8812-8818.
To show the advantage of the proposed antenna with that [6] Singh, Vivek, et al. "A compact quad‐band microstrip antenna
similar type available in the literature a comparison is made for S and C‐band applications." Microwave and Optical
and is presented in Table 2. From the Table 2 it can be Technology Letters 58.6 (2016): 1365-1369.
[7] Imran Khan, Geetha D Sudhindra K.R. Tanweer Ali R.C.
clearly studied that the proposed design has greater Biradar “A Novel LCP substrate dual band antenna loaded with
advantage in terms of antenna size, number of frequency T-shaped resonator and Circular slot” 2018 Second International
bands and bandwidth over its counterparts. Conference on Advances in Electronics, Computer and
Communications (ICAECC-2018)
No. Freq. of
Size [8] Imran Khan, Geetha D, Sudhindra K.R., Tanweer Ali, R.C.
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communication shaped Radiators for WLAN/WiMAX Applications”
[4] 47.04 38.48 1 2.4 3.43 WLAN International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN
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2.25/2.2 Wireless Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com
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.4/10.5 /3.51 band 10.2139/ssrn.3230632
Table 2: Comparative analysis of the proposed Antenna configuration [11] Khan, I., Geetha, D., Sudhindra, K. R., & Fakhruddin, K.
Review of Microstrip Patch Antennas for Bandwidth
Improvement. International Journal of Electrical Electronics &
IV. CONCLUSION Computer Science Engineering Special Issue - NEWS 2016 | E-
ISSN : 2348-2273 | P-ISSN : 2454-1222 Available Online at
A slotted compact four band MSPA for www.ijeecse.com
WiMAX/C/X-band application operating at 3.5/4.7/8.4/10.5 [12] Ramya, B., C. Supratha, and S. Robinson. "Design and Analysis
GHz is presented. The antenna exhibits good return loss of Microstrip Patch Array Antenna for WLAN
(S11) of -30.20/-17.47/-20.89/-13.73, impedance bandwidth Applications." ICTACT Journal on Microelectronics 3.4 (2018):
457-461.
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3.5/4.7/8.4/10.5GHz with the gain of 2.5/2.9/5.3/6.7dB Prashant Gola, Anshul Agarwal. International Research Journal
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