English topics.

Summer exams.
1. Computers today.
2. Input and output devices
3. Storages devices.
4. Basic software.
5. Creative software.
6. Programming. Jobs in ICT.

Developed by Gherasim Marius

IT-181, Reduced frequency
UTM 2019
 The computer in our lives.

In the past few years, the computer has become an ever more common object in
life. News, weather, sports, medical information, online games have become
increasingly accessible and more and more adults prefer them. All these
opportunities are expanding and passing on to children, sometimes without
realizing it. We show them how convenient a computer is and sometimes we fail to
guide them through the classic learning process. Some children learn to write and
read rather with computer games instead of using images and words corresponding
to age. These children read their stories at bedtime online. Slowly traditions break
and the computer becomes one of the main elements in the learning process for a
child. Many parents prefer to buy educational games for the computer rather than
opting for regular games and coloring books or embossed pictures. The computer
also has a benefit: those who use it are smarter or at least so say the statics in
recent years. Those who know how to use a computer well have the advantage of
finding a service in the field much easier and adapting quickly to technological
change. That's why I think there is a school profile based on this science, the mate-
info profile. For students to improve their computer use when they work in the
field. The computer helps us to do the themes because, thanks to the Internet
program, we can find information about various themes.
 Input and output devices

Peripheral input devices are designed to allow data to be entered into the
computer.

The keyboard of a computer is similar to that of an ordinary writing machine and it has
the role of allowing data to be entered into the computer by pressing the keys.
Contains three large keystrokes: alphanumeric keys, function keys, special keys .

Mouse - is the device that controls cursor movement on the screen monitor and allows
selecting or activating on-screen objects by actuating buttons.

Graphics tablet - device that allows easy insertion of drawings and sketches. It is made up
of an electronic peak pen and an electronic plaque, capable of detecting pencil
movements and transmitting it to the computer.

Scanner - device that allows digitizing images and inserting them into the computer.

Peripheral output devices allow extracting information from a computing

system.

Monitor - allows viewing of program execution results on the screen.

Printer - is the device that displays the information on paper.

Plotter - a device similar to the printer, but the paper can be traversed in both ways, it
accepts large paper sizes and the drawing accuracy is very high. It is used for sketches,
graphics, drawings, etc.

Speaker - audio output device.

Input-output devices
Modem - device that allows communication between remote computers.

Sound card - Allows the computer to play sounds through the speakerphone, record
sounds through a microphone, or operate sounds stored in digital format.
 Storages devices

Memory storage devices are : CD, DVD, Hard drive, Floppy disk, Blurey.

They are categorized on three different supports:

- on magnetic support
- optical support
- flash memory

Internal memory is a non-remnant and low-capacity memory. A work session with your
computer takes time from the start of your computer to the moment it is turned off.
During a work session, the programs that will be processed by the processor are brought
to the internal memory of the computer. It will produce results that will be deposited in
the internal memory. When power is removed from the computer, programs and internal
memory data are lost. These data and programs need to be kept out of work for future
use. Their preservation is made by external memoirs.

The hard drive is a storage, input, and output device (it is an input device through
operating system features and applications that send data to the microprocessor, it is also
an output device because it stores data that can be used on other devices) .
The data is recorded on magnetic plates (disks) with magnetic surface.

Optical drives are devices that use optical storage media for reading and writing data.
Data is stored and read by optical (laser beam).
Optical storage devices are CDs and DVDs. They are like plastic discs (12 cm in
diameter) on the surface of which the data are inscribed in the form of microscopic
recesses ("pits") along a spiral runway. Optical media are divided into two categories
according to the type of data writing, namely: molding media (die-pressing) and burning
environments (laser-engraving). Milling is an industrial method requiring special
equipment and is therefore used in the case of large quantities of discs (eg original discs
with games, music, etc.). Burning is a method accessible to anyone and is especially used
to produce discs in limited quantities (generally for personal use).

Memory cards.
Transflash. Original name of microSD memory cards (also known as T-flash). It is the
smallest memory card (11x15x1 mm). It was made by SanDisk and quickly taken over by
Motorola for use in mobile phones. An adapter can easily transform it into an SD card.

Secure Digital (SD). The format that replaced the MMC card. It's a little thicker than this
one, and it allows data encryption to prevent content from being pirated. It is the most
common type of card, much of the newer portable devices have an SD card slot (also
compatible with MMC).
 Basic software

The software component can include the entire range of programming products, usually
made up of the operating system, drivers, and application programs.
An operating system, abbreviated SO (English Operating System, abbreviated OS), is a
set of programs designed to manage and facilitate the user access to computing system
resources. Metaphorically, one can say that an operating system plays the role of a
conductor, orchestrating the user's choices by making appropriate scores to the various
computer resources, and watching for the harmonized interpretation of those scores, so
that the purposes for which they came to the computer become attained.
In operating systems, the driver is a program that has the function of acting as an
interface between a particular hardware and software component. The hard drive
commands come from various programs through the operating system, and the driver's
role is to transmit commands to the hard drive. The better the driver is written by
programmers, the better and the harder the stability.
Computer program is the representation or implementation of an algorithm in a source
code written in a particular programming language. A collection of individual programs
designed to achieve a common goal is usually called software. The program is a finite
product of computer programming. Formally considered, an informational program is an
assertion transformer that describes the properties of the correct data: both the system
input data and the output data of the system. Typically, programs are created for a
particular type of computer or "smart" device. Typically, a condition for operation is that
there is an operating system (SO) on the computer.
 Creative software

Adobe After Effects is a digital visual effects, motion graphics, and compositing
application developed by Adobe Systems and used in the post-production process of film
making and television production. Among other things, After Effects can be used for
keying, tracking, compositing, and animation. It also functions as a very basic non-linear
editor, audio editor, and media transcoder. In 2019, the program won an Academy Award
for scientific and technical achievement.
Adobe Photoshop is a software used to edit digital images on a computer, a program
produced and distributed by the American company Adobe Systems, and is aimed
specifically at professionals in the field.
CorelDRAW is a suite of software used by graphic designers, DTPs and consists of:
CorelDraw X3, Corel Photo-Paint X3, Corel PowerTrace X3, Corel Capture X3,
BitStream Font Navigator, Pixmantec RawShooter essentials.
Paint 3D, a refresh of Microsoft Paint, is one of several applications introduced with the
Windows 10 Creators Update and one of several 3D modeling applications introduced or
improved with the Windows 10 Creators Update, along with View 3D, Windows Mixed
Reality, Holograms, and 3D Builder. Developed by Microsoft's Lift London studio[2],
Paint 3D incorporates features of the Microsoft Paint and 3D Builder applications to
combine a lightweight hybrid 2D-3D editing experience that allows users to pull in a
variety of shapes from the app, their personal computer, and Microsoft's Remix 3D
service.
 Programming. Jobs in ICT

Information technology and Information and Communication Technology, abbreviated

(most often IT) IT and ICT, is the technology needed to process (procuring, processing,
storing, converting and transmitting) information, in particular by using computers
(electronic computers). The relevant English terms are Information Technology and
Information and Communication Technology, abbreviated IT and ICT respectively. The
term was first used in 1958 in an article published in the Harvard Business Review, an
article in which Leavitt and Whisler writes: "The new technology still does not have a
well established name; we will call it "information technology"„. Information technology
finds application across multiple data and information domains such as processors,
computers, hardware and software, programming languages, data structures, and more.
All elements that process, in one way or another, data, information or knowledge, are
considered to be part of the IT field. Occupations of professionals in this field range from
application software installation to complex computer networks and data bases. Some
typical tasks are: data management, computer hardware construction, software design,
management of whole information systems. In recent years, the sphere has expanded a
lot, now including not only computers and their networks, but also mobile phones,
smartphones, Internet-enabled TVs, automation of cars, military applications and much
more. That's why the demand for top specialists in the work field of the field is constantly
high.