Location AND TIME What are these lines on the globe of the earth ? These are imaginery lines, These are not drawn on the earth, Horizontal lines, are called Latitude and vertical lines are called Longitude. What are latitude and latitude circle ? Let us learn with the help of activity. 3.1 Globe of the Earth With the help of projector, peneil and paper measure different angles of the 90° classroom. Draw a circle on paper and draw and note down angles on the circle at 10°, 90°, 30°, 60°, - The angle measured from the circle of the circle is called or latitude, - The circular line joining the latitude is called latitude circle. * Draw a circle and do as directed and write. 5.2 Circle and Angles Draw a latitude circle and with the help of the map tell from which countries they are passing through ? Draw a latitude of 23.5° North and South and write from which countries they are passing through. ‘The part above the 0° (equator) in the north is called Northern Hemisphere and below it in the south is called Southern Hemisphere. ey How many latitudes are there in our city ? How do we know this ? 5.3 North StarLet us do activity and learn... There are uncountable stars in the sky. There is a Iuminating star on the north side called north star. + Take one big projector. + Make a hole in its centre and tie a nail with the thread from the centre. + As show in the picture with the help of Fevikwik paste a cap of useless pen, “J+ Take it to the place from where you can see the sky at night clearly. |/ See the north star from the cap of the useless pen. At that time when the nail tied at the end move. || Wherever it stop, is the latitude of your city 1 See the moon and write the angle -- — 2. See the north star and write the angle -- 3. See the other stars and planets you know and write ” their names 5.4 wale, wel Names of the different countries are given below. Where are they located from the 0° latitude ? Take the help of atlas and the globe of the earth. Kenya, Mangolia, Chile, S. Aftica, Egypt, Russia, Canada. [Things to know _ GPS Mobile Phones and Google. e— With the help of Global Positioning System and through the satellites in the space, the exact latitude and longitude of a place can be known. Mobile Phones having the lfacility of GPRS and through internet one can click on ‘My Location’ and get the information of the village or city. Longitude and Longitudnal place The vertical imaginary lines drawn on the globe of the earth are known as longitude. Find out from the map given below from which country 0° longitude passes through and also find out which longitudes are there on the east and the eee west. 5.5 World MapMajor Longitudes (1) Greenwich Line The longitude 0° passes through Greenwich of England is known ‘Greenwich Line’. It divides the earth into two parts east and west. It is 180° longitudes both the sides. With the help of the world map fill up the table of the Eastern countries and the Western countries. Eastern Countries Western Countries (2) International Date Line 180° Longitude is known as International Date Line. ‘There is only one Longitude. When this line is crossed the date changes. International Date Line passes through the Pacific Ocean. It is not at 180° at many places, it is zigzag. If it is drawn straight than the line has to pass through many islands. Due to this many island have two days and two dates, which creates disorder, the solution of this problem is that from land when it is passing the line is shifted towards the water bodies, due to which it is zigzag. Activity @ —____ The east of the 0° longitude is the Eastern Hemisphere. 0° west longitude is the Western Hemisphere. According to that find out the longitude of India and fill up the table given for other countries. International Date Line 5.6 International Date Line|