International Journal of Innovative and Emerging Research in Engineering

Volume 4, Issue 5, 2017

Available online at www.ijiere.com
International Journal of Innovative and Emerging
Research in Engineering
e-ISSN: 2394 – 3343 p-ISSN: 2394 – 5494

Analysis and Design of RCC Tall-Building with different

structural systems
Mr. Dhruvil Y Patel¹ , Mr. Piyush Jain², Dr. V. R. Patel³
Department of Structural Engineering, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat,, India1
Assistant professor , Department of Structural Engineering Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat,, India2
Assistant professor, Department of Structural Engineering Faculty of Tech & Engg MSU Vadodara, Gujarat, India 3

Abstract-
In this paper the application of analysis and design of RCC tall building with different structural system is
studied through the study of analysis and design of three models of RCC tall building consisting of [35-45-55]
stories, with three structural system [Shear wall system(S.W), Braced frame combined Shear wall system(S.W &
Bracing) and Tube in Tube system], The study is to be carried out to examine the structural system used under
the action of dynamic analysis, comparing the system, thus determining the best structural system for the specific
height
Keywords – Structural system, Shear wall, Braced frame, Tube in tube systems

I. INTRODUCTION
Now a days very much increasing in the population, population of rural areas attracts towards urban areas, creates
an increasing demand for tall buildings. The increasing population and growing economics in major cities of the world
mean increasing urbanization globally and the continuing rise in population density in urban areas. Land areas are
constantly being decreasing by increasing in urban are to suburban developments. Tall buildings can accommodate many
more people on a smaller land than would be the case with low rise buildings on the same land.
The achievement of structural system for tall buildings is not an easy task. As an engineer we not only have to
depend on the strength of the building we also have to make the building economy so various systems like moment resisting
frame system, frame with shear wall dual system, shear wall combined bracing system, tube in tube system etc., can be
used to make structure durable and economy.
In this project three major systems used for the tall buildings are:
1. Shear wall system.
2. Shear wall combined bracing system.
3. Tube in tube system

Shear wall system

Consist of a vertical continuous stiffening elements of the horizontal force resisting system, the shear wall can resist forces
directed along the length of the wall. The shear wall should be located on each level of the structure. It is used in reinforced
concrete buildings and suited to residential buildings. In this project the wall is taken as the central core wall using for
stairs and elevator [7].

Shear wall combined bracing system

New system consisting of shear wall as a central core wall in addition the steel bracings are used surrounding the building.
As per residential building placement of the bracings are define as per openings of building [window, balcony, ventilators,
etc.] this system is prefer for making the structure light in weight and shear wall to resist the horizontal force.

Tube in tube system

A tube in tube structure comprises of peripheral framed tube of closely spaced columns and interior core tube
interconnected by floor slabs and main beams. The entire building acts as a huge hollow tube with a smaller tube in the
middle of it. Lateral loads are shared between the inner and the outer tubes [7].

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[Fig 1-1: S.W system] [Fig 1-2: S.W & Bracing

system]

[Fig 1-3: Tube in tube system]

Fig 1: Shows the model of S.W, S.W & Bracing and Tube in tube

II. AIMS OF RESEARCH

The study aims to model different structural systems and the analysis and design of each one should be done
separately and compared to one another.
Study is to be carried out to investigate the performance of shear wall system, braced wall combining shear wall
system and Tube in tube system with vary of storey height.

III. STEPS OF RESEARCH

The research is to carry out on the following steps [2]:

 Adoption of specific models of RCC tall buildings consisting of (35-45-55) and for the three type of structural
systems in resisting earthquake forces (S.W system - Braced frame & S.W system – Tube in tube system) by using
computerized software ETABS.
 The models adopt walls of the central core of the stairs and lifts as essential shear walls to resist shear forces. In
braced frame model in addition to surrounding bracings in all directions adopted. In tube in tube model central
core shear wall and surrounding closely spaced column with only main beams connecting shear wall.
 The values of frame sections are by trial and error method, slab section as per Indian standard code are adopted.
 The process of analysis and design for models and make sure to achieve the Indian Standard code conditions in
structures design to resist earthquakes about dimensions and ratio of reinforcement for each element, then after
that, study the conclusion models again after the modification of the dimensions of cross-sections of same or all
structural elements. After that the processes of analysis and design is made and specific models are concluded
with specific dimensions without any failure.
 Adoption of structural analysis program ETABS in analysis and structural design models of adopted three models
with different structural systems and extraction the results of the analysis and compare the results of displacement,
storey drift, base shear and axial force.

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 Make the graphs of the results using excel program compare the graph of the three cases of displacement, storey
drift, base shear and axial force change for each type of structural systems (S.W, braced frame & S.W, Tube in
tube).
 Determination of the best and appropriate structural systems for the different RCC tall buildings in the number of
stories.

IV. CHARACTERISATION OF PROBLEM

Three sets of [35-45-55] storied building are modeled for each structural system [S.W, S.W & Bracing, and Tube
in Tube]. The total base area of the building is 23 × 33.8 m². Two models of S.W, S.W & Bracing system have the same
plan. First model contain Shear wall as the central core for S.W system. The second model contain shear wall of central
core in addition surrounding bracings at specific place for S.W & Bracing combined system. The third model, modeled as
a cantilever box type contain shear wall of central core in addition closely spaced column surrounding and main beams no
secondary beams and interior columns adopted.
Table 1: Shows the geometric characteristic of the Problem
Sr.No Specification Details
1 Concrete and Steel M30 and FY500
2 Slab 150 mm
3 Load combination As per IS code
4 Zone 3
5 Plan Dimension 23 × 33.8 m²
6 Storey height 3m
7 Live load 2 Kn/m²
8 Floor finish 1 Kn/m²
9 Wind speed 44 m/s [Vadodara city]
10 Terrain Category 1

11 Analysis Response spectrum &

[Dynamic Analysis] Time history analysis
12 Time history Data Chamoli [Uttarakhand]

Table 2: Shows the Beam & Column dimension storey wise

System Storeys Beam Column
900*450
35 300*600 1100*450
1100*550
900*450
Shear wall 45 400*750 1100*450
1100*550
1000*550
55 400*750 1200*550
1200*650
35 900*450
Bracing 375*650 1100*450
ISLB-250 1100*550
45 900*450
S.W & Bracing
Bracing 400*750 1100*450
ISLB-350 1100*550
55 1000*550
Bracing 400*750 1200*550
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ISLB-350 1200*650

35 300*900 1000*300
1000*450

Tube in Tube 45 300*900 1000*300

1000*450
1000*550
55 350*900 1200*550
1200*650

As per above table 1 & 2 the models of [35-45-55] stories of specified system is modeled as shown in figure. Fig3
shows the S.W & S.W bracing combined system and Fig4 Shows the Tube in Tube system.

Fig3: Plan of S.W, S.W & Bracing Fig4: Plan of Tube in Tube
V. ANALYSIS

Two types of analysis are carried out to determine the behavior of the adopted models under the effect of seismic
loads. The analysis carried out are:
a. Response spectrum analysis
b. Time history analysis

 Response spectrum analysis

The response spectrum shows how building response characteristics vary with building frequency and period. As
building period lengthens, accelerations decrease and displacement increases. On the other hand building with
shorter periods undergo higher accelerations but smaller displacements.
Advantages in using the response spectrum method of seismic analysis for prediction of displacements and
member forces in structural systems. The analysis involves the calculation of only maximum values top
displacements and member forces in each mode of vibration using smooth design spectra that are the average of
several earthquake motions [1].

 Time history analysis

In this method dynamic analysis, instead of going through process of determining a response spectrum for a given
ground motion and then applying the results to a given structure, it is possible by using computers to apply the
earthquake motion directly to the base of a given structure.
Below shown in fig5 the Chamoli Uttarakhand data is taken for time history analysis.

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Fig5: Time history data

VI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

After both response spectrum and time history analysis for all three models the critical results showing
displacement & storey drift comparison graphs are listed below:
THX – Time history in X direction, THY – Time history in Y direction

Fig6: Shows the comparison result of displacement & storey drift of three models 35 storey time history

According to the result shown in fig6 the reduction of displacement 27% to the S.W & Bracing system and 28%
reduction to the S.W system in X direction, but at same time in Y direction the reduction of displacement is 12% for tube
in tube system compare to both S.W & Bracing and S.W system, on seeing the storey drift result the reduction of tube in
tube system is 8% compare to bracing system and 31 % to S.W system. After observing the result there is not so much
difference in displacement percentage so at this height all systems are applicable but practically S.W & Bracing and S.W
preferable comparing two system reduction of S.W& bracing displacement is 3% to S.W system but as per storey drift
increase of 10% in S.W & Bracing system to S.W system as per this S.W system is more Preferable for 35 storey height.

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Fig7: Shows the comparison result of displacement & storey drift of three models 45 storey time history
As per comparison in fig7 for 35 storey same for shown in fig5 the comparison of system for 45 storey the
reduction of displacement for tube in tube system is 15% to the S.W & Bracing system and 43% to S.W system in X
direction and 30% in Y direction to the S.W & Bracing system and 40% to S.W system, observing the storey drift all are
applicable in X direction but in Y direction tube in tube system is more effective, practically S.W & Bracing system is
effective for 45 storey height.

Fig8: Shows the comparison result of displacement & storey drift of three models 55 storey time history

According to Fig8 results the reduction of displacement for tube in tube system is 46% to the S.W & Bracing
system and 48% to the S.W system in X direction and 33% to the S.W &Bracing system and 36% to S.W system as per
this result tube in tube system is more effective than other two system for 55 storey height.

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VII. CONCLUSION

Tall building almost always require additional structural material in order to limit the displacement and storey
height. The results of three models of analysis are compared between the three sets of models to study the storey wise
efficient structural system for adopted structure on the basis of displacement and storey drift. During the study it’s known
that time history analysis predicts the structural response more accurately than the response spectrum analysis so the
conclusion of the project is based on the result of time history analysis of displacement and storey height.
Table 3 demonstrates the recommended structural systems for different heights. The selection of system in table is
organized according to the structural efficiency in limiting the displacement and storey drift as well as economy related to
cost of the structure. These suggestions provide a direction to structural engineers for optimum system selection.

Table 3: Structural systems for different heights

Height Suggested system

35 stories [105 m] Shear wall

45 stories [135 m] S.W & Bracing combined

55 stories [165 m] Tube in tube system

REFERENCES
[1] Nimmy Dileep, Renjith R, “Analytical investigation on the performance of tube in tube structures subjected to
lateral load.” International Journal of technical Research and Applications e-ISSN: 2320-8163
[2] Katkhoda, Azzam. "Optimization in the Selection of Structural Systems for the Design of Reinforced Concrete
High-Rise Buildings in Resisting Seismic Forces." Energy Procedia 19 (2012): 269-275.
[3] Gunel, M. Halis, and H. Emre Ilgin. "A proposal for the classification of structural systems of tall buildings."
Building and Environment 42.7 (2007): 2667-2675.
[4] IS: 1893(Part-1)-2002, Criteria for Earthquake Resistant design of Structures,Bureau of Indian standard, New
Delhi
[5] IS 875(Part-3):1987 Indian Standard Code of Practice for Design Loads for buildings and structures, Buerau of
Indian Standards, New delhi
[6] IS 456:2000, Indian Standard Code of Practice for Reinforced Cement Concrete, Beurau of Indian Standrds, New
delhi.
[7] Taranath, Bungale S. Structural Analysis and Design of Tall Buildings: Steel and Composite Construction. CRC
Press, 2011.

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