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Numerical Basic
Numerical Basic
Numerical Basic
5x + 2y ≤ 40
6x + 6y ≤ 60 Constraints
2x + 4y ≤ 32
SOLUTIONS
x y
Maximise 4 6 Total Constraint
S1 5 2 32 40
S2 6 6 60 60
S3 2 4 32 32 <----key in
Unit 6 8
Maximum 24 48 72
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
Maximisation Problem Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
Minimisation Problem Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
SOLUTIONS
x y
Minimise Total Constraint
S1 60 60 0 300
S2 12 6 0 36
S3 10 30 0 90
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
Minimisation Problem Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
(MUST be answered) Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
An automobile company has two versions of the same model car for sale, a two-door coupe
and the full-size four door
Solve how many cars of each design (x1, x2) should be produced to maximize profit (Z) and
what that profit is.
SOLUTIONS
x Two door
z Four door
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
(MUST be answered) Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
STEP 4: Express the objective function and the constraints in the augmented matrix form
x z
Maximise 123.07692 307.69231 Total Constraint
S1 15 20 8000 8000
S2 1 0 123.07692 400
S3 0 1 307.69231 350
S4 700 500 240000 240000
ANSWER
With the available resources, the company can
RM6,276,923.08
To attain that profit, theattain maximum
company profit of
must produce
the 123 Two door car
following number of cars 308 Four door car
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
(MUST be answered) Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
(MUST be answered) Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
(MUST be answered) Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
Recently environment engineers have become involved in the area known as waste minimization. This involves the
operation of optimising a plant so that impacts on the environment are minimized. Suppose a refinery develops a product
A made from two raw materials P and Q. The production of 1 metric tonne of the product involves 1 tonne of P and 2.5
tonnes of Q and produces 1 tonne of a liquid waste W. The engineers have come up with three alternative ways to handle
the waste:
>>> Produce a tonne of a secondary product B by adding an additional tonne of P to each tonne of W.
>>> Produce a tonne of another secondary product Z3 by adding an additional tonne of Q to each
tonne of W
>>> Treat the waste so that it is permissible to discharge it.
The products yield profits of RM2000/tonne, - RM75/tonne, and RM250/tonne for A, B, and C, respectively. Note that
producing B actually creates a loss. The waste treatment process costs RM300/tonne. In addition, the company has
access to a limit of 7500 and 10,000 tonnes of P and Q, respectively, during the production period. Determine how much
of the products and waste must be created in order to maximize profit.
Product Waste
A W
B
C
STEP 2: Define the objective function (Z). The objective function shall be the nett profit from the production. The cost
of production must also be considered in this function
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
(MUST be answered) Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
STEP 3: Define the constraints. (Note: You shall have three constraints that limit the use of Material P and
Material Q, and the production of Waste W. The waste production shall be limited to zero as
shown below)
STEP 4: Express the objective function and the constraints in the augmented matrix form
ANSWER
Product C = 0 tonne
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
(MUST be answered) Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
SOLUTIONS
x >= 0
y >= 0
a + b <= 7500
2.5a + c <= 12500
a-b-c-w=0
a b c w
Maximise 4000 3500 0 500 total constraint
S1 1 1 0 0 7500 7500
S2 2.5 0 1 0 10000 10000
S3 1 -1 -1 -1 0 0
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
(MUST be answered) Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
(MUST be answered) Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
(MUST be answered) Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
(MUST be answered) Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
Lab Tutorial
CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION ECS555
Faculty of Civil Engineering
(MUST be answered) Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Analysis
Lab Tutorial