Problems Key Chemistry

STOICHIOMETRY OF PURE SUBSTANCES. (PARTIAL 2)

1. How many moles are in 117 g of glucose (C6H12O6)?

2. Calculate the number of atoms of oxygen in three tablets of Alka-Seltzer (NaHCO3) if each tablet contains 25 g of
sodium bicarbonate.

3. Calculate how many grams are in 4x10-3 moles of platinum?

4.-How many water molecules do you ingest if you take 50g of pure water?

STOICHIOMETRY OF REACTIONS. (FINAL)

Mole to Mole:

5. If 3.00 moles of SO2 gas react with oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide, how many moles of oxygen are needed? SO2 +
O2  SO3

6. The hydrobromic acid and sulfuric acid react according to the equation:

H2SO4 + 2HBr  2H2O + SO2 + Br2

If 0.5x103 moles of H2SO4 react, calculate: number of moles of Br2 formed, knowing that the reaction has a yield of 90%.

Mole to Mass or Mass to Mole:

7. When copper is treated with nitric, a reaction according to the equation is produced:

HNO3 + Cu  Cu(NO3)2 + NO + H2O

a) How many grams of nitric acid will react with 2.27 moles of copper?

b) How many moles of NO are produced if 360 grams of acid are introduced?

Mass to Mass:

8. Air bags of cars are inflated by breaking down rapidly sodium azide, NaN3, in its components according to the reaction
2NaN3 2Na + 3N2

How many grams of sodium azide are required to form 0.011 lb of nitrogen gas?

9. One of the products of the reaction that inflates the air bags of cars is sodium, which is very reactive and ignites with
air. To prevent accidents, sodium produced during the inflation process is reacted with another compound that is added
to the content of the bag, KNO3, according to reaction: Na + KNO3 K2O + Na2O + N2

How many grams of KNO3 are needed to eliminate the 5 g of Na produced in each bag?
Limiting Reagent, Excess, remaining reactant calculation and reaction yield.

10.- Silicon carbide, SiC, is known by the common name of carborundum. This hard substance, which is used
commercially as an abrasive, is prepared by heating SiO2 and Carbon at elevated temperatures. If 3.00 g of SiO2 react
with 4.50 g of C, answer the following: Reaction: SiO2(s) + 3C(s) SiC(s) + 2CO(g)
a) Limiting Reagent?

b) Maximum amount of SiC produced?

c) Using the above-mentioned amounts of reagents; ____1.8_______gr of SiC were obtained in the laboratory. Calculate
the yield of the reaction...

d) How many grams of excess reagent left unreacted?

STOICHIOMETRY GAS. (FINAL)

Mass or Moles-Volume STP: T = 0 ° C (273.15K) and P = 1 atm

11. The combustion of ethane is given by the following reaction: C2H6 + O2  CO2 + H2O
After the combustion, 2000 L of CO2 measured under standard conditions were obtained, calculate the amount of
ethane in grams, that was burned in the reaction.

12. The following balanced equation 2KClO3(s)  2KCl (s) +3O2 (g), shows the decomposition of potassium chlorate.
Assuming that the reaction is conducted at standard conditions of temperature and pressure:

a) How many moles of KClO3 (potassium chlorate) are needed to produce 25L of O2?

Mass or Volume to Moles in IDEAL CONDITIONS (PV = nRT).

13. The combustion of ethane is given by the following reaction: C2H6 + O2  CO2 + H2O
After the combustion 2000 L of CO2 measured at 190 ° C and 1.9 atm of pressure were obtained, calculate the amount
of ethane in grams, that was burned in the reaction?

14. The following balanced equation, 2KClO3(s)  2KCl (s) +3O2 (g), shows the decomposition of potassium chlorate.
Assuming that the reaction is achieved at temperature 140 ° C and pressure 0.97 atm:

a) How many moles of KClO3 (potassium chlorate) are needed to produce 25L of O2 under these conditions?

Volume-Volume (gas at STP)

15. The following equation represents the first stage of Ostwald process for producing nitric acid.

NH3 (g) + O2 (g)  NO (g) + H2O (g)

How many liters of NO (nitric oxide) are produced when 15 liters of O2 react with an excess of ammonia at STP?

Volume-volume (gas in IDEAL conditions)

16. The following equation represents the first stage of Ostwald process for producing nitric acid.

NH3 (g) + O2 (g)  NO (g) + H2O (g)

How many liters of NO (nitric oxide) are produced when 15 liters of O2 react with an excess of ammonia at 123 ° C and
988 mmHg of pressure?

Mass or Moles -Volume using liquid density.

17. When copper with nitric acid (d = 1.51 g / cm³ at 25 ° C) is a reaction occurs according to the equation:

Calculate the volume of water in liters produced when 4L of the acid react; remember that water has a density of 1 g /
mL at 25 ° C.

STOICHIOMETRY OF SOLUTIONS. (FINAL)

18. You spill a little sulfuric acid on a lab table. The acid can be neutralized by sprinkling sodium bicarbonate on it and
then pick up the resulting solution using a tablecloth. Sodium bicarbonate reacts with sulfuric acid as follows:

2NaHCO3 (s) + H2SO4 (ac) Na2SO4 (ac) + 2CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (l)

Sodium bicarbonate was added until the bubbling stops due to the formation of CO2 (g).

If spilled 35 mL of 6.0 M H2SO4, what is the minimum mass of NaHCO3 that must be added to neutralize the spilled acid?

19. Such mixture is prepare with 30.0 mL of 8.00 M HCl, 100 mL of 2.00 M HCl and sufficient water to complete 200.0 mL
of solution. What is the molarity of HCl in the final solution?

20. How many milliliters of 1.50 M KOH solution are needed to provide 0.125 moles of KOH?

Calculating concentration of Solutions

1. 45 grams of ammonia NH3 are dissolved in 500 grams of water. Calculate the percentage by mass of the solution.

2. Calculate the grams of a substance that is weighed to prepare 100 ml of a solution with composition of 20g / L

3. Find the molarity of a solution containing 58.8 grams of calcium iodide CaI2, per liter.
4.-Determines how many grams of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, are in 500mL of a 0.6 M solution.

5. A solution of potassium chloride, KCl, is prepared with 3g of KCl and 25cm3 of water. The resulting solution has a
density of 1.05 g / mL. Calculate:

a) Molarity

b) Percentage by mass of the solution

6. Calculate the molarity of commercial sulfuric acid that is 95% by mass and has a density of 1.83 g/cm3

7. Determine the mass of commercial sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 90% pure, required to prepare 100 mL of 1.25 molar
solution.

8.What volume must be taken from 2M HNO3 (nitric acid) solution, to prepare 200 cm3 of another, that is 0.5 M of the
same acid?

9. Determine the volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid, with a density of 1.2 g / mL and 30% purity, to be taken to
prepare 250 mL of 0.3 M solution.

10. A water sample containing 3.5 mg of fluoride ions (F-) in 825 mL of solution. Calculate the parts per million of fluoride
ion in the sample.