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Landscape Design and Site Planning: Unit Iv
Landscape Design and Site Planning: Unit Iv
SITE PLANNING
UNIT IV
LANDSCAPE DESIGN ELEMENTS
Color, Line, Texture, Form and Scale
COLOR
▪ Attract wildlife
▪ Create a mood
LINE
Vertical lines can be used to pull the eye up and make a space feel
larger. Tall trees or an arbor can be used to add vertical lines to a
yard.
Horizontal lines an make a space feel bigger by pulling the eye along
the ground. Garden walls, walkways, or small hedges can be used to add
horizontal lines to a yard.
TEXTURE
Valleys Volcanoes
WATER
▪ Formal Pathways:
Paths in a formal garden are almost always
straight. When standing at the origin of a walkway, one should
be able to see all the way to the destination. This type of path
design leads the eye and the visitor directly to the focal point
of the garden, which may be a fountain, statue, or even a
gazebo.
▪ Informal Pathways:
Curved paths work best in informal
gardens because of their natural, casual appearance. The
natural, flowing shape of a curved walkway also evokes a feeling
of relaxation. A small garden can be made to appear larger by
hiding the end of a curved path behind a structure or plants.
FORMAL PATHWAYS
INFORMAL PATHWAYS
LAYOUTS OF PATHWAYS
Types of layouts:
▪ Straight Layout
▪ Curved Layout
▪ Irregular Stones
▪ Cut or Milled Stones
▪ Single Color
▪ Patchwork Effect
▪ Mortared
▪ Dry Laid
PAVING MATERIALS OF PATHWAYS
▪ Brick Pathways
▪ Paver Pathways
▪ Flagstone Pathways
▪ Gravel Pathways
▪ Concrete Pathways
DESIGN OF ROADWAYS
▪ Alley:
A narrow passage or way in a city between or behind
buildings. Alleys are narrow, without sidewalks.
▪ Walkway:
The walkway is a path for walking. It can be at
ground level, or it can be elevated. It can cross a
road or a water body.
Alley
Walkway
TYPES OF STREETS
▪ Sidewalk:
A path for pedestrians that is located alongside a
road. Sometimes, there is an area called a parkway or
tree lawn in between the sidewalk and the road.
▪ Avenue:
A straight street with a line of tress along each
side. In most cases, the trees planted in an avenue
are of the same type, so as to uniform appearance of
the avenue.
Sidewalk
Avenue
TYPES OF STREETS
▪ Main Street:
Primary retail street in a village, town, or small
city. It is usually a focal point for shops in the
central business district. In some larger cities,
there may be several main streets.
▪ Boulevard:
A boulevard is usually a wide, multi-lane arterial
thoroughfare divided with a median down the center.
It has roadways along each side and parking lanes and
bicycle lanes and pedestrian sidewalks, with
landscaping.
Main Street
Boulevard
TYPES OF STREETS
▪ Cul-de-sac:
A dead end or closed street, only one inlet/outlet,
its function is to calm vehicle traffic. Usually used
in residential areas.
Cul-de-sac
FORM OF THE STREETS
▪ Street Pattern
▪ Street Length
▪ Street Proportion
STREET PATTERN