ABSTRACT HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE), CONCLUSIONS

Shelter is one of the basic needs a man should have in order to live. Having a quality shelter
provides man sufficient cover and to serve as a protection. Puerto Galera, one of the towns in
LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (LDPE), Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were drawn:

POLYSTYRENE (PS) AND EGGSHELLS

1. HDPE, LDPE and Polystyrene plastics incorporated with eggshells and cement are can
Oriental Mindoro is known to have a large population and this became a conflict for those who be used as components for eco-friendly brick production.
cannot afford housing materials that led to housing shortage.This study sought to produce an 2. eggshells enhanced durability of the concrete since it contains calcium carbonate that
alternative eco-friendly bricks by means of incorporating different types of plastics- High Density

INCORPORATED ECO-FRIENDLY BRICK

is proven to strengthen concretes.
Polyethylene (HDPE), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), Polystyrene (PS), and Eggshells. It
3. the eco-friendly bricks have a low water absorption that proves that it is a good quality
also sought to determine the difference between the alternative bricks and the commercial bricks
in terms of its appearance and physical properties. brick.
In order to produce the alternative bricks, 100 grams of eggshells and 100 grams of cement
were incorporated with the three (3) setups together with the HDPE (T1), Polystyrene (T2), and

results and discussion

LDPE (T3) and were left to solidify.After solidification the samples were tested. The compressive

RECOMMENDATIONS
strength of the bricks were tested in the Department of Public Works and Highways wherein T1
coveted the highest compressive strength among the three (3) samples of alternative bricks, while
T4 had the highest Mpa compared to the three (3) other treatments. In terms of water absorption,
the T2 absorb the least amount of water among the four (4) treatments with 6.06% water absorption
(water absorption). The results were then gathered and interpreted after the conduct of tests.
In the comparative analysis of the alternative bricks made out of eggshells and different types
of plastics- HDPE, LDPE, and Polystyrene, including the commercial bricks, it was proven that Effectiveness of Eco-friendly Bricks in terms of Special Properties Effectiveness of Eco-friendly Bricks
in terms of Physical Properties Based on the results of the study, the following are hereby recommended:
there was a significant difference in the appearance and physical properties of the bricks.
1. the usage of eggshells and plastics boosts up the ability of the concrete to be more
A. Texture b. hardness A. compressive strength durable and efficient.
2. consider the curing time or solidification time because it is one of the factor that affects

BACKGROUND
the durability of the brick.
Graph 1. Texture Rating on each Graph 2. Hardness Rating on each Graph 3. Compressive Strength Index
3. accurate measurement of water that will be used to mix the cement and the materials
should be monitored to prevent over drenching.

OF THE STUDY
4. conduct of similar study with more amount of variables would produce a more durable
and bigger size of brick.

This study sought to produce an alternative eco-friendly bricks by means of incorporating

different types of plastics- High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Low Density Polyethylene

Bibliography
(LDPE), Polystyrene (PS), and Eggshells. It also sought to determine the difference between the
alternative bricks and the commercial bricks in terms of its appearance and physical properties.
In order to produce the alternative bricks, 100 grams of eggshells and 100 grams of cement Table 2. Analysis of Variance for Hardness
were incorporated with the three (3) setups together with the LDPE (T1), HDPE (T2), and Table 1. Analysis of Variance for Texture Table 3. Analysis of Variance for Compressive
Polystyrene (T3) and were left to solidify.
After solidification the samples were tested. The compressive strength of the bricks were tested
in the Department of Public Works and Highways wherein T1 coveted the highest compressive
strength among the three (3) samples of alternative bricks, while T4 had the highest Mpa compared Unpublished Research Material
to the three (3) other treatments. In terms of water absorption, the T2 absorb the least amount of Manalo, J.V.A. (2017). Eggshell, Charcoal, Fish Bones as additives for building bricks
water among the four (4) treatments with 6.06% water absorption (water absorption). The results production.
were then gathered and interpreted after the conduct of tests. Puerto Galera National High School- Unpublished Research Materials.
Effectiveness of brick samples in terms of hardness is
In the comparative analysis of the alternative bricks made out of eggshells and different presented in figure 2. Based from the treatment means for
types of plastics- HDPE, LDPE, and Polystyrene, including the commercial bricks, it was proven Effectiveness of the eco-friendly bricks in Websites
brick hardness, it distributed the result that treatment 3 of
that there was a significant difference in the appearance and physical properties of the bricks. Expert Skip Hire, (2017, March 22).
terms of its texture is presented on graph 1. Based LDPE plastics in all of its replicates and first replicate of
treatment 2 which used Polystyrene plastics obtained the Effectiveness of brick samples in terms of physical Retrieved from https://www.expertskiphire.co.uk/plastic-bricks on September 8, 2017.
from the results of the descriptive statistics using properties is presented in table 5. Analysis of variance

OBJECTIVES
means, it was noticeable that the second replicate
of treatment 1 and the first replicate of treatment
2 both obtained a mean value of 4, followed by
highest mean with the value of 4.8 followed by the second
replicate of treatment 1 which utilized HDPE plastics for compressive strength showed that there is significant Ashabogla, S. (2016, August 1).
with a mean of 4.4 and then followed by first replicate difference among the four (4) different set ups. The f value Retrieved from http://www.ecobuildingpulse.com/prodcuts/building-blocks-made-from
of treatment 1 and second replicate of treatment 2 which of 26.99 is greater than the critical f-value of 6.59, therefore waste- plastic_s on September 5, 2017.

OF THE STUDY
the first replicate of treatment 1 which has a mean
value of 3.9 and then by the second replicate of
treatment 2 and first replicate of treatment 3 which
Generally, the main objective of the study was to produce eco-friendly bricks by means of both obtained 3.7 as their mean. The first five
brick setups was categorized as hard. However,
incorporating eggshells and shredded plastics.
the second replicate of treatment 3 obtained the
Specifically, this study aimed to:
obtained the lowest mean of 4.2. It is evidently clear that
treatment 3 in all of its replicates coveted a constant result
of 4.8 and categorized as very hard.
Moreover, table 2 shows the analysis of variance for
brick hardness that distributed that the f-value of 1.723944
is less than the value of critical f of 2.38607. Therefore,
the null hypothesis is accepted and there is no significant
difference among the three (3) different setups.
there is a significant difference among the four (4) set-ups.
Moreover, according to the results given by DPWH,
brick sample that utilized LDPE plastics (T1) coveted the
highest compressive strength ability which reached to 3.7
b. water absorption
Cooke, I. (2016, July 22).
Retrieved from https://inhabitat.com/lego-like-building-blocks-of-recycled-plastic-allow-
columbians-to-build-their-own homes on September 3, 2017.

Photo
lowest mean of 3.3 and was categorized as neutral. Effectiveness of the eco-friendly bricks in terms
1. determine the difference between the alternative bricks out of LDPE (plastic bags), HDPE
(plastic bottles) and Polystyrene (tetra packs); and the commercial brick in terms of its special SEtting-up of water absorption is shown in table 6. Based from the

properties such as:

However, table 1 shows the analysis of
of experiment data gathered by the researchers, it revealed that there is

credits
no significant difference between the four (4) different set-
1.1 texture variance for texture that the computed f-value of ups. It is also shown that the bricks did not increase their
1.2 hardness 0.745312 is less than the critical f value of 2.38607, Prepare all initial weight after being soaked in water for 10 hours.
2. determine the difference between the alternative bricks out of LDPE (plastic bags), HDPE the null hypothesis was accepted. In the same way, the materials Effectiveness of the eco-friendly bricks in terms of water
(plastic bottles) and Polystyrene (tetra packs); and the commercial brick in terms of its physical the p-value of 0.593052 is greater than the alpha absorption is shown in table 6. Based from the data gathered
needed in
properties such as: by the researchers, it revealed that there is no significant
level of 0.05, therefore there is a no significant the counduct difference between the four (4) different set-ups. It is also
2.1 water absorption The researchers The commercial
difference among the three (3) set-ups. of the shown that the bricks did not increase their initial weight bricks are
2.2 compressive strength
experiment. and their
after being soaked in water for 10 hours. advisers went to being tested for

significance
the DPWH for compressive
Cut the testing. strength.
LDPE, Pound

OF THE STUDY
HDPE and the In the first meet- The results for
Polystyrene eggshells. up, the department
plastics and didn’t conducted the the compressive
test for they have strength are
This study entitled “High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), their standard size
Polystyrene (PS) and Eggshells Incorporated Eco-Friendly Bricks” was conducted to produce (2” x 2”) for testing. being recorded.
and innovate an alternative but also an eco-friendly brick. Measure the Measure the
This study is significant for the house owners, especially those who still have substandard Mix the
cement into pounded
houses since this can be a solution for their problem of risking their safety living in substandard cement and Second meet-up.
100 grams eggshells
housing. the pounded The personnel The data are
for each into 100
In line with this, Puerto Galera - one of the municipalities in Oriental Mindoro suffered eggshells. is recording being finalized.
from housing shortage due to cost of masonry materials. Thus the basic needs of humans are not treatment. grams the sizes of the
satisfied specifically in terms of having a quality shelter. Financial problem is one of the factors treatments.
that no one can deny that some people cannot afford to buy building materials. With this study, a
low-cost but effective eco-friendly brick can lessen their setback of having a standard housing - Add the
concrete and safe. Add 50 mL Put the The alternative The researchers
different bricks are
Also, this is significant for the environment - the earth, since this study reused plastics which of water on mixture on conducted
is one of the major problems of the generation for it takes hundreds of years to be decomposed.
kinds of being tested for
the mixture. the molders. Let it dry for atleast compressive their test for
Significantly, future researchers may benefit with this study for they can continue and innovate plastic to
three (3) days. strength. the water
this study. Also, they can have this study as a related study and as a basis for similar studies.