SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE FOR “ISMS” PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION (SOCIAL

DIMENSIONS)
1. The Philippine Elementary School Curriculum gives greater emphasis on the
development of basic skills like reading, writing, and arithmetic. What is the
philosophical basis for this?
A. Pragmatism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Existentialism

RATIONALIZATION: C. Essentialism. *Essentialism - is an educational theory

rooted in classical realism and idealism which advocates curricular reform
stressing the essentials of the basics like the 3R's.
*Pragmatism- is regarded as an American philosophy whose various forms
advocate experimentalism,
instrumentalism, functionalism, and practicalism and their curricular offerings
imply a wide range of subject areas.
*Pereninialism- is a traditional educational theory that puts premium on eternal
truth as contained in the "Great Books".
*Existentialism - personalizes knowledge to the individual. The person chooses
the knowledge that he deems is relevant to his process of becoming to realize his
essence.
2. 2.Teacher H asks one of her students, “What do you want to become when you
grow up?” This
question is an indication of what kind of philosophy?
A. Progressivism C. Existentialism
B. Naturalism D. Idealism

RATIONALIZATION: D - Idealism. Idealism is the answer because it stresses the

existence of ideas independent from the material world. Ideas that which exist in
the mind are the only reality.
3. 3. Teacher X has not only explained the concept of Philosophy of Education but
also imparted this to her students. This demonstrates what kind of philosophy?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Perennialism
RATIONALIZATION: C - Realism. Realism concerns with what is real, actual. For
ideas to be realized, they must be transferred or demonstrated.
4. 4. In his class, Teacher M always presents principles and values so as to
encourage his students to examine them and decide for themselves whether to
accept them or not. What kind of philosophy does he practice?
A. Idealism C. Humanism
B. Essentialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: D - Existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophy that
emphasizes subjectivity, freedom and responsibility.
5. 5. When a teacher emphasizes that man’s sense should be trusted because they
are the only
 way to acquire knowledge, the teacher can be regarded as
A. Naturalist C. Empiricist
B. Realist D. Pragmatist
RATIONALIZATION: C -Empiricism. Empiricism upholds that the only source of
knowledge is the senses and sense-based experience.
6. 6. Teacher K views her pupils as unique, free choosing, and responsible
individuals. She plans activities where the pupil can develop his unique
personality. What theory underlies this nature of the pupil?
A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of
subjectivity of self hood whose fundamental doctrine proclaims man’s freedom in
the accomplishment of his destiny. In this case, emphasis is given on the
students rather than on the curriculum content.
7. 7. "Learning is the process of retrieving prior learning", this is a statement from
A. Constructivist C. Progressivist
B. Reconstructivist D. Empiricist
RATIONALIZATION: A. Constructivist. As defined, Constructivism is a
philosophy of learning which asserts that reality does not exist outside of the
human conceptions. It is the individual that construct reality by reflecting on his
own experience and gives meaning to it. It is founded on the premise that by
reflecting on our own experiences, we construct our own understanding of the
world we live in. Therefore, learning is simply the process of adjusting our mental
modes to accommodate new experiences.
8. 8. Teacher U teaches to his pupils that pleasure is not the highest good.
Teacher's teaching is against what philosophy?
A. Realism C. Epicureanism
B. Hedonism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Hedonism.
*Epicureanism is just a form of Hedonism. Hedonism is the general,
Epicureanism is the specific. Always select the general answer.
9. 9. After listening to the homily of the Priest about fidelity, Catherine has a
moment of reflection. Her understanding of the value of fidelity has become
deeper as she related this to her past experience. This typifies what kind of
philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Humanism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Constructivism. Constructivism is a philosophy of
learning which asserts that reality does not exist outside the human conceptions.
It is the individual who construct reality by reflecting on his own experience and
gives meaning to it.
10. 10. After studying the Principle of Identity, Teacher W asks her students to
determine which among the given set of problems conforms to the said identity.
This shows that Teacher W upholds what kind of Philosophy?
A. Perennialism C. Essentialism
 B. Progressivism D. Naturalism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of learning
by doing things.
11. 11. Thea listened to the advice given by her sister to end the relationship that she
has with Gilbert. However, her sister learned that the advice she has given was
not followed and Thea decided to continue the relationship. This action of Thea is
a manifestation of what kind of philosophy?
A. Essentialism C. Perennialism
B. Existentialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of
subjectivity of selfhood
and proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny.
12. 12. After finishing the degree in Education, Teacher M learns that learning never
stops. In fact, she accumulates more knowledge after leaving the portal of her
alma mater. This typifies what kind of philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Progressivism
B. Perennialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes change, growth
and development. It is an active form of philosophy for it continues to evolve.
13. 13. Matilda is an advocate of the principle “making the most of your life”. She is
indeed an
advocate of what kind of philosophy?
A. Humanism C. Realism
B. Perennialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Humanism. Humanism is a philosophy that stresses to
“live life to the fullest”.
14. 14. Teacher X is a very dedicated teacher in the nursery. Her foremost concern
is for students to learn how to adapt themselves in the environment. This shows
that Teacher X upholds what kind of philosophy?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Pragmatism D. Rationalism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Naturalism. Naturalism aims to unfold the child’s
potential, not to prepare him for a definite vocation or social position but to
prepare him to adapt to the changing times and needs.
15. 15. Teacher J serves as an inspiration to his students because of his efficiency
and effectiveness as a teacher. The mind set of his students towards him/her is
an instance of what kind of philosophy?
A. Realism C. Nationalism
B. Idealism D. Constructivism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Idealism. Idealism is a philosophy which asserts that
what’s in the mind is the only reality. In this situation, the teacher inspires his/her
students through the values that he/she possessed. Values are absolute are told
to belong in realm of ideas. Hence, these are considered as ideas that exist only
in the mind.
16. 16. John learns well through active interplay with others. His learning increases
when engaged in activities that has meaning in him. Which philosophy can
describe this?
A. Progressivism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of hands of
learning or experiential learning. “Learning by doing”. Learning is based from the
questions of one’s experience of the world. Hence, it is the learner himself who
thinks, solves, and gives meaning through his individual experiences.
17. 17. Your teacher is of the opinion that the world and everything in it are ever
changing and so teaches you the skill to cope with the changes. Which in his
governing philosophy?
A. Experimentalism C. Idealism
B. Existentialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Experimentalism. *Experimentalism believes that things
are constantly changing. It is based on the view that reality is what works right
now and that goodness comes from group decisions. As a result, schools exist to
discover and expand the society we live in. Students study social experiences
and solve problems.
18. 18. Principal C shares this thought with his teachers: "Subject matter should help
students understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who
accept complete responsibility for their thoughts, feelings, and actions." From
which philosophy is this thought
based? / Teacher V teaches her students to appreciate themselves as unique
individuals and are
to accept the responsibility to their feelings, actions and thoughts. She upholds
the philosophy of
A. Perennialism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of
subjectivity of selfhood
and proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny
19. 19. Teacher H class is engage in problem solving activity which in a way is a
reflection of the personal and social experiences. The purpose of this activity is
for the students to acquire the skills that can help them in solving their own real-
life problems. What philosophy can best describe this?
A. Realism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes growth and
development. In this manner learning comes best when things are being
experienced, that is learning by doing
things. It involves participation of the students and allows them to exercise
freedom.
20. 20. In the Social Science class of Teacher G, students identify the various social
and economic problems that require urgent solutions. They not only discuss the
 ways to address it but also agreed to participate in solving them. What kind of
philosophy does this class uphold?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Constructivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism covers the
underlying factors that constitute reality or society. In this regard, students are
encourage to become involved in the problems whether political, social, or
economical that confront the society and be able to arrive at solutions in order to
reconstruct society.
21. 21. A curriculum should only include those that have survived the test of time and
combine the symbols of literature, history, and mathematics. Thus, curriculum
like this contains values that are constant and universal. What philosophy
describes this kind of curriculum?
A. Idealism C. Humanism
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism maintains that education
involves confronting the problems and questions that have challenged people
over the centuries. Thus there is a need to study classical tradition of great
books.
22. 22. Who among the following puts more emphasis on core requirements, longer
school day, longer academic year and more challenging textbooks?
A. Perennialist C. Progressivist
B. Essentialist D. Existentialist
RATIONALIZATION: B. Essentialist. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted
in classical realism and idealism which advocates curricular reform stressing the
essentials of the basics like the 3R's.
23. 23. “Education is a continuous process of experiencing and of visiting or
reorganizing
experiences “according to a Progressivist. What does it mean?
A. Education begins and ends in school.
B. Education takes place anytime and anywhere.
C. Education happens formally and informally.
D. Education goes on throughout life.
RATIONALIZATION: D. Education goes on throughout life. Progressivism
connotes growth and development. It is an active form of philosophy for it
continues to evolve.
24. 24. Mr. Cruz exemplifies an ideal teacher and son. He is competent in his field
based on the various recognitions that he received from his school. As a dutiful
son, he assumes all the responsibilities of raising his family (this includes his
parents, siblings, and their own families) – giving all their needs and wants. The
fulfilment of these is the neglect of the responsibilities to himself. This attitude of
Mr. Cruz is against what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Pragmatism
B. Constructivism D. Humanism
 RATIONALIZATION: D. Humanism. Humanism stresses personal culture,
individual freedom, and development (the best way towards full and rich lives).
25. 25. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the
bank. At the end of the school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich
of cultural heritages rather than of buying expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest
gadgets. Favoring the former action over the latter exhibits that Teacher R
follows what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Behaviorism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophy that gives a
person the freedom to choose. It is a philosophy of subjectivity.
26. 26. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the
bank. At the end of the school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich
of cultural heritages rather than of buying expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest
gadgets. This shows that Teacher R is an advocate of what kind of philosophy?
A. Pragmatism C. Naturalism
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism views education as a
recurring process based on eternal truths. Good education involves a search for
and understanding of truth which can all be found in the great works of
civilization.
27. 27. Teacher X rates the art work of her students not just on the merit of its appeal
to the senses but also considers its uniqueness and the responsibility that every
student has given in accomplishing the task. This practice shows how Teacher X
upholds this kind of philosophy:
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Existentialism. Conceives philosophy as something that
is felt by an individual because it’s concrete in itself or based on what is concrete.
There is also personal involvement in this kind of philosophy.
28. 28. In line with the philosophy of Reconstructivism, which of the following should
be given emphasis in teaching?
A. To seek a better position in the society
B. To compare oneself with the less fortunate
C. To become economically self-reliant
D. To designate one’s superiority over the others
29. RATIONALIZATION: C. To become economically self-reliant. Reconstructivism
aims to achieve social changes. This is a philosophy that entails the identification
of social problems, finding solutions for this and be a part of the solution.
30. 29. Joining organizations or clubs in school is requisite to granting of academic
distinction under DECS Order No. 65, s. 1998. This shows school community
connection reflected in activities geared towards society's needs. What
philosophy is related to this? / Activities planned by
school clubs or organizations show school-community connection geared
towards society's needs. What philosophy is related to this?
 A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Progressivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism aims to achieve
social changes. This is a philosophy that entails the identification of social
problems, finding solutions for this and be a part of the solution.
31. 30. Increase of time allotment in English, Math and Science in the Elementary
level under the New Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) as provided in DECS
Order No. 1, s. 1993 contributes in the culturation of basic literacy by providing
the needed essential skills. The related philosophy is
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Essentialism D. Perennialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Essentialism. Essentialism is an educational theory
rooted in classical realism and idealism which advocates curricular reform
stressing the essentials of the basics like the 3R's
32. 31. Teacher A believes that the learner is the product of his environment.
Sometimes he has no choice. He/she is determined by his environment.
A. Rationalist C. Existentialist
B. Behaviorist D. Progressivist
RATIONALIZATION: B. Behaviorist. A behaviourist believes that human
behaviour can be best explained in terms of responses to external stimuli. Also,
education can be best achieved by modifying or changing student behaviours in
a socially acceptable manner through the arrangement of the conditions for
learning. The control is obtained not by manipulating the individual, but the
environment.
33. 32. The curriculum is viewed as a means of developing desirable habits. It is
recommended that the way /means to form these habits is through the mastery of
organized subject matter. Which philosophy is behind this educational view?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Realism. This educative process is viewed mainly as the
transmission of information and knowledge. The curriculum has the function of
forming the body and this interrelationship gives rise to the dictum "sound mind in
a sound body."
34. 33. Teachers in school perform the role and responsibility of parents in the
development and education of the child. This stems from the belief that the home
is the primary agency in the education of the individual. Thus, teachers are
regarded as surrogate parents along the loco parentis principle. Which
philosophy espouses this view of education?
A. Pragmatism C. Idealism
B. Naturalism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Naturalism - the school is seen as the extension of home
and teachers are deemed "surrogate parents".
35. 34. This philosophy believes that students need a passionate encounter with the
positive and negative phases of life like the joy and agony of love, desirability of
life, the inevitability of death, the anguish of freedom and the consequences of
 choices and actions. Which philosophy advocates this view in education?
A. Existentialism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism - it is a modern school of thought that
grew out of the thoughts of European philosophers , particularly from Soren
Kierkegaard, who believes that the central problem humanity is facing is the
ability to cope with its existence.
36. 35. The teacher should provide for shared experiences in the classroom that
fosters cooperative learning rather than competitive learning. Scientific means of
inquiry complements such atmosphere. Which theory advocates this view?
A. Existentialism C. Perennialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism ✔ ✔ ✔
37. 36. This philosophy believes that ideas are inherent in the invidual. This explains
the nature of the Socratic dialogue in teaching, where the teacher asks questions
to wring out the ideas innate in the learner. Which school of thought has
advocated this belief?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism ✔ ✔ ✔ D. Pragmatism
38. 37. Teacher B believes that the learner can choose what he can become despite
his environment.
A. Rationalist C. Existentialist ✔ ✔ ✔
B. Behaviorist D. Progressivist
39. 38. Teacher F is convinced that whenever a student performs a desired behavior,
provided reinforcement and soon the student will learn to perform the behavior
on his own. On which principle is Teacher F's conviction based?
A. Cognitivism
B. Environmentalism
C. Behaviorism ✔ ✔ ✔
D. Constructivism
40. 39. Changes in the T.H.E takes care of the cognitive needs of students. It also
emphasizes the use of project method as implied in DECS Order No. 91, s. 1998.
The related philosophy is
.
A. Realism
B. Existentialism
C. Progressivism ✔ ✔ ✔
D.Reconstructivism
41. 40. DECS Order No. 13 s. 1998 entitled "Revised rules and regulations on the
teaching of religion" is emphasizing the development of one's spirituality and
moral. What philosophy is related to it?
A. Realism C. Essentialism
B. Idealism ✔ ✔ ✔ D. Progressivism
42. 41. DECS Order No. 57 s. 1998 entitled "Clarification on the changes in the
Social Studies programs" offers Economics in 3rd year instead of 4th year. The
 change hopefully will provide the needed social reform in alleviating the condition
of poverty. What philosophy addresses this concern?
A. Realism C. Essentialism
B. Existentialism DReconstructivism ✔ ✔ ✔
43. 42. DECS Order No. 54, s. 1995 entitled "War on Waste" helps students realize
their role in the conservation of nation's resources. This also helps instil discipline
among them.
What philosophy is related to this?
A. Realism C. Perennialism
B. Essentialism D. Reconstructivism ✔ ✔ ✔
44. 43. Which philosophy has the educational objective to indoctrinate Filipinos to
accept the teachings of the Catholic church which is to foster faith in God?
A. Realism C. Idealism ✔ ✔ ✔
B. Pragmatism D. Existentialism
45. 44. Virtue as one component in the teaching of Rizal as a course focuses on the
teaching of good and beauty consistent with the good and beauty in God. What
philosophy supports this?
A. Existentialism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism ✔ ✔ ✔ D. Reconstructivism
46. 45. To come closer to the truth we need to "go back to the things themselves."
This is the advice of the
A. Behaviorists C. Idealists
B. Phenomenologists ✔ ✔ ✔ D. Pragmatists
47. #LPT
48.