What Is Image Steganography Computer Science Essay: Essays

What Is Image Steganography Computer Science Essay https://www.ukessays.com/essays/computer-science/what-is-image-stega...
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Image Steganography, which is then the art
ESSAY
and science of sending a hidden message
WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
under a cover image, thereby it not been 100% ORIGINAL &
aware by another other person aside the PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
people involved. Hiding secret messages in /?PRODUCT=2)
digital images has been said to be the most
widely used Steganography format in today's
ASK A QUESTION
digital world (Bret, 2002). Kurak and McHugh
FREE
are credited with earliest methods of digital
CUSTOM 300 WORD
Steganography, the method the proposed
PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
resembles embedding into the four (4) least (/ASK/)
signi cant bits (LSBs). They examined image
downgrading and contamination which is
About UK Essays 
known now as image-based Steganography.
Hiding of information can be done in many Fair use policy 

ways in an image. Razis and Taujuddin (2010)
Referencing tools 
backs this by saying that for information to
be hidden, straight message insertion may All free resources 
encode every bit of information in the image
or instead it embeds the message in a "noisy"
area that draws less attention, those areas
where there is a great deal of natural colour
variation.
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(/services/essay-writing-service.php)
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In this document I created di erent
2
stego-image formats, hiding text under an
image and hiding image under an image
 REFERENCE THIS
(using di erent format like hiding GIF image 
under JPEG etc.).
Share this 
I used (https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https:
di erent algorithms
to hide these di erent images, thereby
suggesting which of this algorithm is the best
one to be used and which image format is
best to use in Steganography. Lastly I did a  (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
Steganalysis of each of this stego-image,
using RS analysis and sample pair analysis. Assignment Writing
computer-science-essay.php&via=ukessays)  (https://m.reddit.com/submit?url=https:
Service 
1.1.2 Project Aim

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
To evaluate and investigate the existing 16 Pages All Services 

algorithms of image steganography.
Implementing di erent image steganography

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methods on images to show the one that is
the best. ESSAY
Comparing selected tools used in image 100% ORIGINAL &
steganography. PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
/?PRODUCT=2)
2.0 Literature Review

To have a better and bigger picture of image
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Steganography I chose to rstly talk about FREE
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steganography itself in general; from its
PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
history and origin down to its de nition,
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types and application as stated by various
authors.
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Furthermore, for anyone (even a layman) to
have a clear picture of the project I wrote on Fair use policy 
images so that when discussing how the
algorithms and tools work it won't be
confusing. The reverse of Steganography
All free resources 
which is Steganalysis was not left out too.
2.1 Brief History of

Steganography
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According to Bret (2002) "The earliest

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recordings of Steganography were by the
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Greek historian Herodotus in his chronicles
known as "Histories" and date back to around
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440 BC. Similarly Erin (2003) stated in his 
report that steganography
Share this  is by no means a
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modern day practice.

science-essay.php)(https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.ukessays.com
Herodotus recorded two stories of
Steganographic techniques during this time Dissertation Writing
in Greece (Bret 2002). The rst stated that (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
King Darius of Susa shaved the head of one
Assignment Writing
of his prisoners and wrote a secret message
computer-science-essay.php&via=ukessays)  Service
on his scalp. When the prisoner's hair grew

back, he was sent to the Kings son in law Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
Aristogoras in Miletus undetected". He
16 Pages All Services 
further gave another story that "from
Herodotus, which claims that a soldier named
Demeratus needed to send a message to ORDER A CUSTOM
Sparta that Xerxes intended to invade
ESSAY
Greece. Back then, the writing medium was WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
text written on wax-covered tablets. 100% ORIGINAL &
Demeratus removed the wax from the tablet, PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
wrote the secret message on the underlying /?PRODUCT=2)
wood, recovered the tablet with wax to make

it appear as a blank tablet and nally sent the ASK A QUESTION
document without being detected. Romans
FREE
used invisible inks, which were based on CUSTOM 300 WORD
natural substances such as fruit juices and PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
milk. This was accomplished by heating the (/ASK/)
hidden text, thus revealing its contents.
Invisible inks have become much more
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advanced and are still in limited use today.
During the 15th and 16th centuries, many Fair use policy 
writers including Johannes Trithemius (author
of Steganographia) and Gaspari Schotti Referencing tools 
(author or Steganographica) wrote on

Steganagraphic techniques such as coding
techniques for text, invisible inks, and
incorporating hidden messages in music".
2.2 Introduction to
3 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
Steganography
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2
 Fair UseSteganography is about hiding the
Policy (/contact/fair-use-policy.php) existence
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of messages (Ross n.d). While Morkel, Elo
and Olivier (2005) said Steganography "is the  REFERENCE THIS

art and science of invisible communication".
They went further to say that this is achieved
through hiding information in information Essay Writing Service 
science-essay.php)  (https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.ukessays.com
leading to the existence of communication.
They added that Steganography is derived
 (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
from greek words "stegos" meaning "cover"
and "gra a" meaning "writing". Also Das et al
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computer-science-essay.php&via=ukessays) 
(n.d) in their article said Steganography is Service
(https://m.reddit.com/submit?url=https: 
hiding information that is classi ed in any

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media. science-essay.php)

(/order/)
Agreeing with the above de nitions I came up
with my own de nition: Steganography is the
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art and science of communicating where by
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message (secret) is been sent between two
parties using any medium (such as image, 100% ORIGINAL &
audio or video) without a third party been PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
aware of existence of any communication /?PRODUCT=2)
(secret). This communication can be done
through the following appropriate media
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carriers video, image or audio les (Abbas et
FREE
al 2009).
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Abbas Cheddad et al (2009) in there paper PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
spoke about the digital transformation of (/ASK/)
steganography which was brought about by

computer power, information and coding About UK Essays 
theory, the internet and with the
development of digital signal processing Fair use policy 
(DSP). This has led to an atmosphere of
corporate awareness in the digital world and
has generated di erent interesting All free resources 
applications, thereby guaranteeing its
continuous evolution. For all this to be
achieved and its continuous evolution Niels
and Peter (2003) said the process of hiding
information begins by identifying the
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redundant bits of a steganographic system,

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these identi ed bits should not a ect the
2
cover mediums integrity after modi cation.
The redundant bits are being replaced with
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data from the hidden message, 
steganographic 
systems(https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https:
Share this always leave traces
that are detectable on the cover mediums
but the goal of modern Steganography is to
avoid it. The trace brings about distortion, the
process of nding this distortion is known as  (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
statistical Steganalysis.
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Jonathan et al (2004) said that Steganography
computer-science-essay.php&via=ukessays)
techniques must satisfy the following:
 Service
The embedded hidden information must be science-essay.php)
correct it should never be altered. The 16 Pages All Services 

information should never be added, loss or
changed after it has been hidden, if any of
these occurs the aim of the process would be ORDER A CUSTOM
defeated. ESSAY
The human eye should not notice any change 100% ORIGINAL &
to the stego object that will be suspicious. If PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
the change is obvious, an attacker (third /?PRODUCT=2)
party) may suspect that there is hidden
information which will lead to an attempt to
ASK A QUESTION
extract or destroy it.
FREE
And lastly, our assumption should always be CUSTOM 300 WORD
that the attacker is aware of the hidden PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
information in the stego object. (/ASK/)
2.2.1 Types of About UK Essays 
Steganography Fair use policy 
Jonathan et al (2004) in their paper said

steganography can be divided into two types,
Robust and Fragile. Umamaheswari, All free resources 
Sivasubramanian and Pandiarajan (2010) also
agreed in their paper that Steganography can
be split into two types (Fragile and Robust).
ROBUST: The aim of robust marking is that
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after embedding information in a le it

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should be hard for it to be destroyed
2
(Jonathan et al 2004). In the true sense no
mark cannot be destroyed, if the amount of
 REFERENCE THIS
changes in a system to remove a mark makes 
a le useless that
Share 
thissystem is said to be robust
(Jonathan et al 2004). It is wise to hide the
mark in the part of(https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.ukessays.com
the le where it should
not be hard to know when it is removed.
Robust marking is of two main types:  (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
ngerprinting and watermarking
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Fingerprinting: This is when a speci c
(unique) identi er is hidden for the who is the

original owner of the le, he is then free to Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
use it. The owner of the copyright will be able
to use the ngerprint to identify any
customer that violates any license agreement
by distributing a copy of the le. ORDER A CUSTOM
Watermarks: This does not identify the ESSAY
customer but the person that owns the le. WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
100% ORIGINAL &
While ngerprints is basically use in
PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
identifying anybody that violates license
/?PRODUCT=2)
agreement, watermarks in the other hand
helps in prosecuting people with illegal copy.
Fingerprinting is the perfect thing to use but ASK A QUESTION
because CDs, DVDs are produced in mass it is FREE
not viable to have di erent ngerprint on CUSTOM 300 WORD
each disk (Jonathan et al 2004). PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
(/ASK/)
For watermarks to be secured, they have to
be hidden this stops it from being detected
About UK Essays 
and removed they are to be subtle
watermarks. Though not always should Fair use policy 
watermarks be hidden because visible
watermarks are also used and the normally Referencing tools 
take the form of a visual pattern overlaid on
an image. Also, there is similarities between
the use of watermarks that are visible to the
use of watermarks in non-digital formats
(such as the watermark on British money).
Fragile: Unlike robust steganography, the
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information embedded in a le is destroyed

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when the le is modi ed (Jonathan et al
2
2004). Fragile Steganography entails
embedding information into a le, it is
 REFERENCE THIS
destroyed when there is any modi cation 
(Umamaheswari, 
Share thisSivasubramanian and
Pandiarajan (2010). Files embed using this
method can be easily removed, so therefore
this method is not appropriate when used for
recording the copyright holder of the le.  (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
Notwithstanding this is important in
situations where prove is needed that a le Assignment Writing
has not been tampered with, such as using Service
a

le as evidence in a court of law, since any Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
tampering would have removed the
watermark (Jonathan et al 2004). This 16 Pages All Services 
technique can easily be implemented
compared to the robust technique.
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2.2.2 Applications of ESSAY
Steganography 100% ORIGINAL &
(/services/example-essays/) /?PRODUCT=2)
Steganography has been employed in
numerous applications that are useful e.g.
control of copyright, enhancing robustness of ASK A QUESTION
image search engines and smart Ids (identity FREE
card) where your details are embedded in CUSTOM 300 WORD

PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
your photograph, video-audio
(/ASK/)
synchronization, checksum embedding,
TCP/IP packets (embedding a unique ID in an
image to analyse particular users network About UK Essays 
tra c) and circulation of secret data by a

Fair use policy 
company.
2.3 Images
A computer sees an image as a collection of
numbers that constitute di erent light
intensities in di erent areas of the image
(Morkel et al 2005). The numbers
represented forms a grid and each individual
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point is referred to as pixels. In support of

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this de nition Zoran, Michael and Sushil
2
(2004) in their paper de ned an image as a
two-dimensional array of image points or
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pixels. 
Most of the images available on the Internet
comprise of map rectangular pixels of the Essay Writing Service 
represented as bits, each
science-essay.php)
image which are
colour and pixel (displayed horizontally row Dissertation Writing
by row) are located (Morkel et al 2005). Each 
Service 
of this pixel has a number of bits which is
Assignment Writing
known as bit depth, this is the bits number in
a colour scheme. In a colour scheme the
 Service
smallest bit depth is eight (8), this implies that Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
the colour of every pixel has 8 bits to describe
it. Morkel et al (2005) went further to say that
every monochrome and greyscale image are
able to display 256 various colours or shades ORDER A CUSTOM
of grey because for each pixel the use eight
ESSAY
(8) bits. Also, for digital images that are WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
coloured they are stored typically in 100% ORIGINAL &
twenty-four (24) bits they use the RGB colour PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
model which is also known as true colour. /?PRODUCT=2)
With the aid of the primary colours: red,

green and blue all the variations in colour of ASK A QUESTION
the pixels for a twenty-four (24) bit image are
FREE
derived. So therefore, a given pixel can have CUSTOM 300 WORD
256 di erent quantities of red, green and PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
blue which will sum up to over sixteen million (/ASK/)
combinations this then leads to have over
sixteen million colours. The size of an image
About UK Essays 
always depends on the amount of colours it
has, this implies that the more colour an Fair use policy 
image has the larger the size of the le.
2.3.1 Image All free resources 
Compression
Wei W. (n.d) says that the compression of
image is an application of data compression
that encodes an original image with few bits.
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Furthermore, the objective of this is to reduce

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image redundancy and to save or transmit
2
data in a way that is e cient. Fig 1.0 shows a
block diagram of the general image storage
 REFERENCE THIS
system. The aim of this system is to make 
sure that the storage
Share this quantity is been
reduced as much as possible and also the
image that is decoded and displayed on the
monitor should be very much similar to the
original image.  (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
C:\Users\owner\Documents\project
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\Capture.JPG
Fig 2.0 General Image Storage System (Wei

n.d ) science-essay.php)

The compression of image can be divided
into two types lossy (irreversible) and lossless
(reversible). Lossy image implies that the new
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image formed is not guaranteed to exactly as
ESSAY
the original image due to the fact that certain
elements of the image have been reduced 100% ORIGINAL &
when the image is been reduced, while for PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
lossless image the new imagine is no /?PRODUCT=2)
di erent from the original image (The Royal
College of Radiologist 2008). JPEG (Joint
ASK A QUESTION
Photographic Experts Group) format les are
FREE
example of lossy compression, its
CUSTOM 300 WORD
compression is very high but the original
PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
image integrity is not been maintained. This (/ASK/)
has a negative impact on any hidden data in
the image, this is basically due to lossy
About UK Essays 
compression algorithm, this may "lose"
image data unnecessarily providing Fair use policy 
approximation which is close to digital image
of high quality but the duplicate is not exact. Referencing tools 
This concept led to the name "lossy"
compression. Lossy compression o ers high
rates in compression, this makes it to be
frequently used on true colour images.
But for lossless compression the image's

original data is maintained exactly, therefore
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this is preferred when original image must

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remain intact. This makes it to me favoured
2
more by Steganographic techniques. The
disadvantage of lossless compression is that
 REFERENCE THIS
it does not o er high rate of compression as 
lossy compression. 
Share this Examples of lossless
compression formats include: Compuserve's
GIF (Graphiccs Interchange Format) and
Microsoft's BMP (Bitmap format).
Service 
2.4 Methods in Image
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Steganography 
There are numerous methods used in image Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
steganography each of this method can be
applied and they have di erent degree of 16 Pages All Services 
success, discussed below are they methods:
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2.4.1 Least Signi cant Bit ESSAY
Hiding (LSB) Method: WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
100% ORIGINAL &
Jonathan et al (2004) said that this method is
an e ective way of hiding information in an /?PRODUCT=2)
image even for the fact that it is easy to
implement. This method works by using the
bits that are least signi cant of in each pixel ASK A QUESTION
in one image to hide the most signi cant of FREE
another. The following steps need to be CUSTOM 300 WORD

PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
taken for a JPEG image:-
(/ASK/)
1. First load up both the host image and the
image you need to hide.
About UK Essays 
2. Next chose the number of bits you wish to
Fair use policy 
hide the secret image in. The more bits used
in the host image, the more it deteriorates.
Increasing the number of bits used though
obviously has a bene cial reaction on the All free resources 
secret image increasing its clarity.
3. Now you have to create a new image by

combining the pixels from both images. If you
decide for example, to use 4 bits to hide the
10 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
secret image, there will be four bits left for

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the host image. (PGM - one byte per pixel,
2
 Fair Use Policy (/contact/fair-use-policy.php) Noti cations  Live chat  Sign in (/myaccount/)
JPEG - one byte each for red, green,blue and
one byte for alpha channel in some image
 REFERENCE THIS
types) 
Share this
Host Pixel: 10110001  (https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https:
Secret Pixel: 00111111 Essay Writing Service 
science-essay.php) (https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.ukessays.com
New Image Pixel: 10110011 Dissertation Writing
4. To get the original image back you just


Service 
need to know how many bits were used to
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store the secret image. You then scan(https://m.reddit.com/submit?url=https:
computer-science-essay.php&via=ukessays)  Service 
through the host image, pick out the least
signi cant bits according the number used science-essay.php)
and then use them to create a new image 16 Pages All Services 
with one change - the bits extracted now
become the most signi cant bits.
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Host Pixel: 10110011
ESSAY
Bits used: 4 WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
100% ORIGINAL &
New Image: 00110000
/?PRODUCT=2)
2.4.2 Direct Cosine
Transformation (DCT) ASK A QUESTION
Method FREE
CUSTOM 300 WORD
Direct Cosine Transformation can also be PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
used to hide data. Jonathan et al (2010) (/ASK/)
mentioned in their paper that this is one of
the main components in JPEG compression
About UK Essays 
technique. They also gave the steps in which
it works as follows: Fair use policy 
1. First the image is split up into 8 x 8

squares.
2. Next each of these squares is transformed All free resources 
via a DCT, which outputs a multi-dimensional

array of 63 coe cients.
3. A quantizer rounds each of these

coe cients, which essentially is the
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compression stage as this is where data is

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lost.
2
4. Small unimportant coe cients are
rounded to 0 while larger ones lose some of  REFERENCE THIS
their precision. 
5. At this stage you should have an array of
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streamlined coe (https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.ukessays.com
cients, which are further 
compressed via a Hu man encoding scheme
or similar. 
Service 
6. Decompression is done via an inverse DCT.
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By mere looking at the value of the image
pixel one can't be aware that something is
missing, this makes hiding by DCT useful. You science-essay.php)
can distribute the data you hide evenly over 16 Pages All Services 
the whole image in a way that it makes it
hard to destroy. One technique hides data in
the quantizer stage (Jonathan et al 2004). If ORDER A CUSTOM
there is any need to encode the bit value 0 ESSAY
inside any speci c 8x8 square of pixels, this WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
can be achieved by making sure that all 100% ORIGINAL &
coe cients are even, example by tweaking
/?PRODUCT=2)
them. When the coe cients are been
tweaked the bit value one (1) can be stored
so that they are odd. This then makes it ASK A QUESTION
capable to be di cult in detecting when data FREE
is stored in a large image compared to Least CUSTOM 300 WORD
Signi cant Bit (LSB) method. This method is PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
very simple it is capable of keeping (/ASK/)
distortions down, but its disadvantage is its

vulnerability to noise. About UK Essays 
2.4.3 Discrete Wavelet Fair use policy 
Transformation Referencing tools 
According to Reddy and Raja (n.d) "wavelet All free resources 

transform is used to convert a spatial domain
into frequency domain". It separates clearly
The use of wavelet in image stenographic
model lies in the fact that the wavelet
transform clearly separates the high
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frequency and low frequency information on

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a pixel by pixel basis. Discrete Wavelet
2
Transform (DWT) is preferred over Discrete
Cosine Transforms (DCT) because image in
 REFERENCE THIS
low frequency at various levels can o er 
corresponding
Share this 
resolution needed. A one
dimensional DWT is a repeated lter bank
algorithm, and the(https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.ukessays.com
input is convolved with
high pass lter and a low pass lter. The
result of latter convolution is smoothed  (https://twitter.com/intent
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version of the input, while the high frequency
part is captured by the rst convolution. The Assignment Writing
reconstruction involves a convolution(https://m.reddit.com/submit?url=https:
with

the synthesis lter and the results of this Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
convolution are added. In two dimensional
transform, rst apply one step of the one 16 Pages All Services 
dimensional transform to all rows and then
repeat to all columns. This decomposition
results into four classes or band coe cients.
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The Haar Wavelet Transform is the simplest ESSAY
of all wavelet transform. In this the low WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
100% ORIGINAL &
frequency wavelet coe cient are generated
by averaging the two pixel values and high /?PRODUCT=2)
frequency coe cients are generated by
taking half of the di erence of the same two
pixels. The four bands obtained are ASK A QUESTION
approximate band (LL), Vertical Band (LH), FREE
Horizontal band (HL), and diagonal detail CUSTOM 300 WORD

PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
band (HH). The approximation band consists
(/ASK/)
of low frequency wavelet coe cients, which
contain signi cant part of the spatial domain
image. The other bands also called as detail About UK Essays 
bands consists of high frequency coe cients,

Fair use policy 
which contain the edge details of the spatial
domain image. Referencing tools 
Research into human perception indicates

that the retina of the eye splits an image into
several frequency channels, each spanning a
bandwidth of approximately one octave. The
single in these channels is processed
independently. Similarly in a multilevel
13 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
decomposition, the image is separated into

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bands of approximately equal bandwidth on
2
a logarithmic scale. It is therefore expected
that use of the DWT will allow independent
 REFERENCE THIS
processing of the resulting components 
without signi
Sharecant 
this perceptible interaction
between them, and hence makes the process
imperceptibility marking more e ective. For
this reason the wavelet decompositions is
commonly used for the fusion of images.  (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
Fusion technique include the simple method
of pixel averaging to more complicated Assignment Writing
methods such as principal component(https://m.reddit.com/submit?url=https:

analysis and wavelet transform fusion. Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
Several approaches to image fusion can be
distinguished; depending on whether the 16 Pages All Services 
image is fused in the spatial domain or any
other domains, and their transform fused.
Image fusion is a process that produces a
ORDER A CUSTOM
single image from a set of input images. The ESSAY
fused image contains more complete WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
100% ORIGINAL &
information, than any individual input. Since
this is a sensor-compresses information /?PRODUCT=2)
problem, it follows that wavelets, classically
useful for human visual processing, data
compression and reconstruction are useful ASK A QUESTION
for such merging. Other important FREE
applications of the fusion of images include CUSTOM 300 WORD

PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
medical imaging, microscopic imaging,
(/ASK/)
remote sensing, computer vision and
robotics.
About UK Essays 
2.4.4 Masking and Fair use policy 

Filtering Referencing tools 
The technique of masking and ltering are
mostly used on 24 bit and grey scale images All free resources 
(Samir et al 2008). They are sometimes used
as watermarks because the embed
information in the same way as watermarks
do on actual paper. Masking an image
14 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
requires changing the luminance of the

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masked area. The chance of detection can be
2
reduced if the luminance change issmall.
Compared to LSB (Least Signi cant Bit)
 REFERENCE THIS
insertion masking is more robust in respect 
to cropping, some
Share 
this image processing and
compression. This technique embeds
information in areas that are signi cant so
that the hidden message is more essential to
the cover image than just embedding it in the  (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
noise level. With lossy JPEG (Joint
Photographic Expert Graphics) image it is Assignment Writing
more suitable than LSB (Least Bit Signi(https://m.reddit.com/submit?url=https:
cant)

2.5 Algorithms use in science-essay.php)
16 Pages
Steganography All Services 
Umamaheswari, Sivasubramanian and

Pandiarajan (2010), identi ed ve algorithms
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that are currently implemented by ESSAY
Steganography each of them use Least WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
100% ORIGINAL &
Signi cant Bit (LSB) while some of them lter
the image rst. These are blind hide, hide /?PRODUCT=2)
seek, lter rst, battle steg and dynamic
battle steg and lter rst. Furthermore, Juan
J.R, Jesús M.M (n.d) in their paper identi ed ASK A QUESTION
another Steganography algorithm known as FREE
Selected Least Signi cant Bits (SLSB) CUSTOM 300 WORD

PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
algorithm.
(/ASK/)
2.5.1 BlindHide About UK Essays 

This algorithm is the way to embed
information in an image, it said to blindly hide Fair use policy 
due to the fact that it starts at the images top
left corner then working its way right across
the image (down in scan lines) for each pixel All free resources 
(Umamaheswari, Sivasubramanian and
Pandiarajan 2010). This then leads it to
changing the Least Signi cant Bits (LSB) of
the pixel to match the message. To extract
the hidden message the Least Signi cant Bits
15 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
(LSB) starting from the top left are read o ,

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this method is not very secure. It is also very
2
smart, because it's easy know whathas been
changed due to the fact that the space the
 REFERENCE THIS
message is supposed to ll is not lled up, it's 
only the upper 
part that(https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https:
Share this is degraded leaving
the bottom of the image untouched. This
makes it easy to know that what has been
changed.
Service 
2.5.2 HideSeek
Assignment Writing
In this algorithm the message is distributed
across the message (Umamaheswari,
Sivasubramanian and Pandiarajan 2010). The science-essay.php)
name was gotten from a Steganography tool16 Pages
All Services 
used in Windows 95 that uses the same
technique. It generates a random seed using
a password, this seed is then used to select ORDER A CUSTOM
the rst position it's going to hide in. The ESSAY
random generating of position is continued WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
until the entire message has been 100% ORIGINAL &
embedded. This algorithm is slightly smarter PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
/?PRODUCT=2)
than BlindHide because in order to break the
algorithm you need to try combining all the
pixels, you can only avoid doing that if you ASK A QUESTION
know the password. This still doesn't make it FREE
the best method because it doesn't look at CUSTOM 300 WORD
the pixels it is hiding in. It doesn't leave the PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
image in a good condition. Noise is (/ASK/)
introduced and this is randomly placed which

often causes the stego image to look About UK Essays 
speckled (Kathryn 2006).
Fair use policy 
2.5.3 FilterFirst Referencing tools 

Umamaheswari, Sivasubramanian and
Pandiarajan (2010) stated using one of the
lters that are inbuilt, it lters the image then
embeds rst the highest lter values. It is
basically an intricate version of BlindHide as it
does not need a password to extract the
16 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
message. Adding to this Kathryn (2006) said

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this algorithm uses a technique known as an
2
edge detecting lter, just like the Laplace
formula, this nds the places on the image
 REFERENCE THIS
where there are some pixels which are least 
like their neighbours.
Share this  The lter rst's
paramount values is where it hides. The Least
Signi cant Bits (LSB) is left unchanged, while
the most signi cant bits are lter.
The fact that the pixels are been changed,  (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
care has to be taken when ltering the
Assignment Writing
picture so that information that might change
doesn't need to be used (Umamaheswari,
 Service
Sivasubramanian and Pandiarajan 2010). If Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
we do the contrary then it will be di cult or
impossible for the message to be extracted.
Hiding in those places that are least makes it
less detectable on an image. ORDER A CUSTOM
ESSAY
2.5.5 Dynamic BattleSteg WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
and FilterFirst 100% ORIGINAL &

The two algorithms work in a similar pattern /?PRODUCT=2)
as BattleSteg and FilterFirst, though hiding

the process is faster and less memory ASK A QUESTION
intensive because they use dynamic
FREE
programming (Umamaheswari, CUSTOM 300 WORD
Sivasubramanian and Pandiarajan 2010). The PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
order in which the pixel is been kept in the (/ASK/)
dynamic array is not the same, this makes it
incompatible with the original algorithms.
About UK Essays 
2.6 Steganalysis Fair use policy 
Soumyendu et al (n.d) de ned Steganalysis Referencing tools 

as the process of identifying Steganography
by inspecting various parameter of a stego All free resources 
media, the main thing for this process is

identifying the suspected stego media. Anu,
Rekha and Praveen (2011) gave their own
de nition of Steganalysis as the science of
17 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
attacking Steganography in a war that never

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ends. To test the strength of his/her own
2
algorithm a Steganographer can create
Steganalysis. Also Steganalysis is said to be
 REFERENCE THIS
the identi cation and destruction of 
embedded message
Share this 
(Swagota and Monisha,
2010).

science-essay.php) (https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.ukessays.com
According to Zoran, Michael and Sushil (2004)
the aim of digital Steganalysis is to detect Dissertation Writing
image les with information hidden in them (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
and with the possibility of the information
Assignment Writing
been extracted. When the stego media is
identi ed Steganalysis process decides if it

contains hidden message(s) or not, if it does it Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
then tries to retrieve the message from it
(Soumyendu et al n.d). Furthermore, the aim
of Steganalysis is to recognise any streams of
information that seems to be suspicious and ORDER A CUSTOM
determine if they have hidden message or
ESSAY
not embedded in them and if there is means WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
retrieve the information that is hidden (Vijay 100% ORIGINAL &
and Vishal 2012). PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
/?PRODUCT=2)
Vijay and Vishal (2012) in their paper also
outline the following challenges faced by
Steganalysis: ASK A QUESTION
FREE
1. The suspect information stream, such as a
CUSTOM 300 WORD
signal or a le, may or may not have any data
PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
embedded into them. (/ASK/)
2. The embedded data, if any, may have been

encrypted before being inserted into the About UK Essays 
signal or le.
Fair use policy 
3. Some of the suspect signal or le may have
noise or irrelevant data encoded into them Referencing tools 
(which can make analysis very time
consuming). All free resources 
4. Unless it is possible to fully recover,

decrypt and inspect the hidden data, often
one has only a suspect information stream
and cannot be sure that it is being used for
18 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
transporting secret information

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 Fair UseInPolicy
addition they went further to discuss the
2
(/contact/fair-use-policy.php)  Noti cations  Live chat  Sign in (/myaccount/)
types of attacks that stego-images can su er.
Attacks and analysis on embedded  REFERENCE THIS
information may take di erent forms, this 
include: extracting (retrieving), detecting,
disabling, modifying or destroying of Essay Writing Service 
embedded information. An approach in
attack depends on what information is the Dissertation Writing
Steganalyst (the person who is attempting to  (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
detect steganography-based information
Assignment Writing
streams or les) has available. The attacks
computer-science-essay.php&via=ukessays) 
possible on a stego-image or media can be
Service
any of the following: Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
1. Steganography-only attack: The only 16 Pages All Services 

medium available for analysis is the
Steganography medium.
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2. Known-carrier attack: The carrier that is,
ESSAY
the original cover and steganography media
are both available for analysis. 100% ORIGINAL &
3. Known-message attack: The embedded
/?PRODUCT=2)
message is known.
4. Chosen-steganography attack: The

steganography medium and tool (or
ASK A QUESTION
algorithm) is both known. FREE
CUSTOM 300 WORD
5. Chosen-message attack: A known message PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
and steganography tool (or algorithms) is (/ASK/)
used to create steganography media for
future analysis and comparison. The goal in About UK Essays 
this attack is to determine corresponding
patterns in the steganography medium that Fair use policy 
may point to the use of speci c
steganography tools or algorithms.
6. Known-steganography attack: The carrier All free resources 

and steganography medium, as well as the
steganography tool or algorithm, are known.
2.6.1 Classi cation of
19 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
Steganalysis
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2
 Fair UseSteganalysis can be classi ed into 
Policy (/contact/fair-use-policy.php) theNoti cations  Live chat  Sign in (/myaccount/)
following: Statistical and Signature
Steganalysis. This is divided on whether the  REFERENCE THIS

embedded message is detected using the
Statistics of the image or the Signature of the
Steganography technique used (Arooj and Essay Writing Service 
Mir 2010). Arooj and Mir (2010) went further
to divide each of this technique into universal
Service 
and speci c approaches.
Assignment Writing
1. Signature Steganalysis

According to Arooj and Mir (2010) in their Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
paper also agree that degradation or unusual
characteristics are been introduced when
properties of any electronic media is alter
during embedding of any secret message. ORDER A CUSTOM
This then bring about the existence of
ESSAY
signatures that announces the existence of a WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
secret message. The secret message can be 100% ORIGINAL &
detecting by nding they patterns PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
(signatures) which are obvious of a /?PRODUCT=2)
Steganography tool. In the early stage of

Steganalysis the possibility of embedded ASK A QUESTION
message where revealed by using signatures
FREE
speci c to speci c Steganography tool. The CUSTOM 300 WORD
method basically looks at the pallete tables in PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
GIF images and inconsistences caused by (/ASK/)
common Steganography tools. Arooj and Mir
(2010) question the reliability of this method
About UK Essays 
even though they are simple, gives results
that are promising when message is hidden. Fair use policy 
This method is sub divided into: speci c and
universal signature Steganalysis. Referencing tools 
All free resources

2. Statistical Steganalysis

Arooj and Mir (2010) question the reliability of

this method even though they are simple,
gives results that are promising when
20 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
message is hidden. Furthermore, to develop

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this type of technique you need to analyse
2
the embedding operation and alsodetermine
some image statistics that are changed as a
 REFERENCE THIS
result of the process of embedding. For one 
to be ableShare
to design 
this such technique you need
a very good knowledge of embedding
process. It works best and gives accurate
result when used for a speci c
Steganography technique, same as what is  (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
applied in this project.
Assignment Writing
3.0 Model of the system

computer-science-essay.php&via=ukessays) Service


The working principle of the main system or science-essay.php)
software I used in this thesis is shown below 16 Pages
All Services 
( g 3.0)
Hidden data
ORDER A CUSTOM
Steganography tool ESSAY
Stego-image WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
100% ORIGINAL &
Steganalysis tool PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
/?PRODUCT=2)
Ordinary or plain image
Decode image
ASK A QUESTION
Analysis result FREE
Original image CUSTOM 300 WORD

PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
(/ASK/)
Fig. 3.0 The ow of the
system About UK Essays 
Basically what happens here is that a plain
Fair use policy 
image that does not contain any hidden data
is been embedded with a secret data (this can Referencing tools 
be either image or text) using a
Steganography studio, after embedding the All free resources 
data the image now becomes a stego-image.
For you to know that this image has a hidden
data you do a Steganalysis using a tool
comparing the RS analysis or sample pair
21 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
data of the original image and the stego-

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image. You will notice a change in the RGB
2
percentage of the image with higher RGB
from the original image is normal the now
 REFERENCE THIS
with hidden data. For the purpose of this 
work I went intothis
Share 
detail in(https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https:
seeing which image
format is the best in hiding data, I got the
result (appendix B(https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.ukessays.com
contains the result I got for
my analysis) for my analysis using an
analyser.  (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
Though I laid my hand on numerous tools to
Assignment Writing
produce stego-images most of them didn't
meet the criteria for tools I wanted to use.

These criteria set should meet up the Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
following:
Create stego-image both image under image
and text under image.
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Should be able to decode a stego-image.
ESSAY
Should have speci c LSB algorithms you can WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
use for stego-image creation. 100% ORIGINAL &
If possible Steganalysis images, this is not a /?PRODUCT=2)
compulsory criteria.
From my experience with di erent ASK A QUESTION

Steganography tools most were very FREE
ine ective to my standard due to the fact CUSTOM 300 WORD
that the can only create stego-image without PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
been able to perform the other set criteria. (/ASK/)
3.1 Steganography About UK Essays 
Studio Fair use policy 

This is the tool I mainly used for both
Steganography and Steganalysis because it
fully all the criteria for a tool I was looking for,
unforturnately I couldn't get any other tool
that could perform the same function so that
the result will be compared. This tool can
encode a message in an image and then
decode it, to retrieve the embedded
22 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
message. Unlike the other tools that can only

UK ESSAYS (/)
encode, some could only encode text in
2
images and couldn't perform the task of
hiding an image under an image. Below is a
 REFERENCE THIS
screenshot of the tool GUI (Graphical User 
Interface).Share this 
C:\Users\owner\Documents\project Essay Writing Service 
\Capture2.JPG 
Fig. 3.1 (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
4.0 Implementation
Assignment Writing
This chapter is the report of the practical

aspect of the work. It is divided basically into Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
two (2): creating stego-images and
Steganalysis of the stego-image les.
4.1 Creating Stego- ORDER A CUSTOM

images ESSAY
Steganography cannot be achieved without 100% ORIGINAL &
creating a stego-image (image with PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
embedded message), this lead me to creating /?PRODUCT=2)
sixty-six (66) stego-images. Forty seven (47)

out of this images was created using ASK A QUESTION
Steganography Studio while the other ten
FREE
(10) was created using OpenStego. I tried CUSTOM 300 WORD
creating diversi ed formats of images in PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
di erent ways; meaning I created colour (/ASK/)
images with text in them, image in an image
and lastly black and white images with text in
About UK Essays 
them. Furthermore, I didn't just stop at that I
went further in using di erent image formats Fair use policy 
to embed information (create stego-images).
Below is a comprehensive breakdown of the Referencing tools 
stego-images format in the table below:

Text embedded in image

Algorithm
23 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
Image
UK ESSAYSformat
(/)
2
Number
 REFERENCE THIS
BattleSteg 
BMP, JPEG, PNG

6 Essay Writing Service 
BlindHide Dissertation Writing
BMP, JPEG, PNG


Service 
Assignment Writing
6
Dynamic BattleSteg
 Service
science-essay.php)
BMP, JPEG, PNG
6
Dynamic FilterFirst
ORDER A CUSTOM
- ESSAY
-
100% ORIGINAL &
/?PRODUCT=2)
FilterFirst
BMP, JPEG, PNG

ASK A QUESTION
6
FREE
HideSeek CUSTOM 300 WORD
PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
BMP, JPEG, PNG (/ASK/)
6
About UK Essays 
Total number of stego- Fair use policy
images

30 All free resources 
Image embedded in
image
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Algorithm
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2
Image format
 REFERENCE THIS
Number

BattleSteg

GIF in JPEG, JPEG in BMP, GIF in BMP, JPEG in
JPEG, GIF in PNG and JPEG in PNG
(https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
6
Assignment Writing
BlindHide

JPEG, GIF in PNG and JPEG in PNG science-essay.php)

6
Dynamic BattleSteg
ORDER A CUSTOM
JPEG, GIF in PNG and JPEG in PNG ESSAY
6 100% ORIGINAL &
Dynamic FilterFirst /?PRODUCT=2)
JPEG, GIF in PNG and JPEG in PNG ASK A QUESTION
3 FREE
CUSTOM 300 WORD
FilterFirst
PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
GIF in JPEG, JPEG in BMP, GIF in BMP, JPEG in (/ASK/)
JPEG, GIF in PNG and JPEG in PNG
6 About UK Essays 
HideSeek Fair use policy 
GIF in JPEG and JPEG in BMP, GIF in BMP, JPEG Referencing tools 
in JPEG, GIF in PNG and JPEG in PNG
6
Total number of stego-

images
25 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
33ESSAYS (/)
UK
2
 Fair UseThe following
Policy are examples of the di
(/contact/fair-use-policy.php) erentcations
 Noti  Live chat  Sign in (/myaccount/)
cover images with their stego-image side by
side:  REFERENCE THIS

BMP (Bitmap) image (gray scale cover image
Fig 3.1) and a stego-image (Fig 3.2) with a text
science-essay.php) (https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.ukessays.com
le inserted in it, with the human naked eye
no alteration can be noticed to the image but Dissertation Writing
when statistical analysis is performed the 
Service 
presence of an embedded information can be
Assignment Writing
checked (see appendix B for the statistical
analysis for the image below). The algorithm

used to embed the information is BattleSteg. Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
C:\Users\owner\Documents\project 16 Pages All Services 
\pix\using tools\covers\black and
white\BMP.bmp C:\Users\owner\Documents
\project\pix\using tools\steganography ORDER A CUSTOM
studio\with password\bw text\battleSteg ESSAY
\bmp.png WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
100% ORIGINAL &
Fig 4.1 Cover image Fig PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER

/?PRODUCT=2)
4.2 Stego-image after a
text le is inserted ASK A QUESTION
JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Graphics) FREE
image (colour or 24 bit image Fig 3.2) which is CUSTOM 300 WORD
PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
the cover image and a same format of image
(/ASK/)
which is the stego-image (Fig 3.4) with a text
le embedded inside it, still like the previous
example we can't notice any change with our About UK Essays 
Human Visual System (HVS) but only from

Fair use policy 
statistical analysis (see appendix B for the
statistical analysis for the example below). Referencing tools 
The algorithm I used to embed the text le is
FilterFirst. All free resources 
\pix\using tools\steganography studio\with
password\image text\ lterFirst\jpeg.pngC:
\Users\owner\Documents\project\pix\using
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tools\covers\colour\JPEG.jpg
UK ESSAYS (/)
2
Fig 4.3 Cover image Fig
Noti cations  Live chat  Sign in (/myaccount/)
4.4 Stego-image after a  REFERENCE THIS
text Share
le isthis inserted

 (https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https:
PNG (Portable Network Graphics) image Essay Writing Service 
image Fig 3.6) which is the
science-essay.php)
(colour or 24 bit
cover image has a GIF (Graphical Interchange Dissertation Writing
Format) image embedded (Fig 3.5) in it to (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
create a stego-image (Fig 3.7). With our naked
Assignment Writing
eyes we won't be able to notice any change
or alteration in the picture, statistical analysis

(see appendix B for result) is also only the Marking & Proofreading
science-essay.php)

viable option.
\pix\using tools\embed\GIF.gif
ORDER A CUSTOM
Fig 4.5 Embedded le ESSAY
C:\Users\owner\Documents\project 100% ORIGINAL &
\pix\using tools\covers\colour\PNG.png PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
C:\Users\owner\Documents\project /?PRODUCT=2)
\pix\using tools\steganography studio\with

password\image image\hideSeek\png gif.png ASK A QUESTION
FREE
Fig 4.6 Cover image Fig CUSTOM 300 WORD
4.7 Stego-image with an PROFESSIONAL ANSWER

(/ASK/)
image inside
About UK Essays
4.2Steganalysis of the

stego-image les Fair use policy 
The next stage of the work after creating the Referencing tools 
stego-images was to do Steganalysis to

compare the result to the original image. I
used RS analysis and Sample pairs analysis
using Steganography Studio as the tool
(software) to analysis the images. After
analysis the sixty-six (66) images created, I
27 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
found out that the following image formats

UK ESSAYS (/)
have the same results: GIF in BMP, GIF in
2
JPEG and GIF in PNG also the following image
formats too have same result: JPEG in BMP,
 REFERENCE THIS
JPEG in JPEG and JPEG in PNG. So therefore 
when recording
Share this 
the results (see appendix B) I
picked just two formats (JPEG in BMP and GIF
in JPEG) since they(https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.ukessays.com
have same result there
won't be of any use recording all results. The
total number of stego-images I analysed are  (https://twitter.com/intent
Service 
forty-one (41).
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5.0 Summary Conclusion

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5.1 Summary
In this thesis I used di erent plain images
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(both grayscale and coloured images) in
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di erent formats (JPEG, BMP and PNG) to
create numerous stego-images, my main 100% ORIGINAL &
essence of using di erent image formats to PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
do this is because I wanted to recommend /?PRODUCT=2)
the best image format that should be used in
embedding and to expose the ones that are
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very vulnerable.
FREE
To enable me create the various stego- CUSTOM 300 WORD
images I used a Steganography tool (known PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
as Steganography Studio with some other (/ASK/)
tools which I found out to be less e ective) to

embedded the hidden data (text and images) About UK Essays 
in plain images. I heard di erent
combinations of stego-images such as text Fair use policy 
embedded in grayscale images (PNG, BMP,
JPEG), text embedded in coloured images
(BMP, JPEG, GIF) also I embedded images in All free resources 
images example JPEG (Joint Photographic
Expert Group) image embedded in BMP
(Bitmap) image, a GIF (Graphical Interchange
Format) image embedded in JPEG (Joint
Photographic Expert Group) image and a GIF
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(Graphical Interchange Format) image

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embedded in a BMP (Bitmap) image and also
2
a GIF (Graphical Interchange Format) image
embedded in PNG (Portable Network
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Graphics) image. I heard a common result for 
results forShare
JPEGthis 
embedded in BMP, PNG and
JPEG and also for GIF embedded in BMP, PNG
AND JPEG; I then picked only two formats
(JPEG in BMP and GIF IN JPEG).
Furthermore, for any form of stego-image I  (https://twitter.com/intent
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created; I used di erent algorithms
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(BattleSteg, FilterFirst, HideSeek, BlindHide,
Dynamic BattleSteg, and Dynamic FilterFirst)

this helped me to know which algorithm is Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
best for Steganography. Finally I used a
Steganalysis tool (still Steganography Studio)
for detection of embedded le in an image, I
compared the result of a le that has no ORDER A CUSTOM
image embedded in it with the di erent the
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result I got from the Steganalysis of the WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
di erent stego-images (see appendix B for 100% ORIGINAL &
the Steganalysis result). I got the result using PLAGIARISM FREE. (/ORDER
two detection techniques which are RS /?PRODUCT=2)
(Regular/Singular) analysis and Sample pair

analysis these are statistical Steganalysis ASK A QUESTION
which is seen to be more powerful than the
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other type of Steganalysis (signature CUSTOM 300 WORD
Steganalysis). The comparison of the RGB PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
(red, green and blue colours) content in every (/ASK/)
image for both detection method was used to
know which algorithm is the best, the higher
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the increment of the original image RGB
content the more likely embedded message Fair use policy 
can be retrieve or noticed. FilterFirst happen
to be the best algorithm I will recommend for Referencing tools 
Steganography because it produced little

increment in RGB (red, green and blue
colours) compared to that of the original
image and this was consistent for all the
di erent stego-image formats I used.
RS analysis is said to be one of the famous
29 of 31 7/29/2016 12:28 PM
Steganalysis technique, it has the ability to

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the embedded message by analysing pixel
2
values statistically (Gupta R. and Jain A. n.d.).
To back this statement up, they went further
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to state in their paper that some RS 
Steganalysis work
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this has been reported to be
more accurate technique to other
conventional substitution steganography
which is the type used for this work.
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5.2 Conclusion and
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From my ndings there is growing interest in Marking & Proofreading 
science-essay.php)
Steganography due to the fact that
communication over the internet has out 16 Pages All Services 
grown the way it used to be in the last
century. The fact that Steganography fully
supports hiding information under di erent
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mediums (e.g. images) makes this an area of ESSAY
keen interest. Communication can easily be WRITTEN BY AN EXPERT,
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eyebrow raised by who is not involved. /?PRODUCT=2)
In my work di erent stego-images were

created (in di erent formats) using numerous ASK A QUESTION
algorithms (BattleSteg, FilterFirst etc) these
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were then statistically Steganalysed using RS CUSTOM 300 WORD
analysis and sample pairs, the results derived PROFESSIONAL ANSWER
was compared to the result from the original (/ASK/)
image that was analysed base on the same
technique used for the stego-images.
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What Is Image Steganography Computer Science Essay https://www.ukessays.com/essays/computer-science/what-is-image-stega...

Computer Science Marking & Proofreading

Essay 16 Pages All Services 

Published: 23, March 2015

Hiding of information can be done in many Fair use policy 

1.1.2 Project Aim

To evaluate and investigate the existing 16 Pages All Services 

Implementing di erent image steganography

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Brief History of

According to Bret (2002) "The earliest

wood, recovered the tablet with wax to make

(author or Steganographica) wrote on

hiding information that is classi ed in any

16 Pages All Services 

steganography which was brought about by

redundant bits of a steganographic system,

correct it should never be altered. The 16 Pages All Services 

2.2.1 Types of About UK Essays 

Steganography Fair use policy 

Jonathan et al (2004) in their paper said

ROBUST: The aim of robust marking is that

after embedding information in a le it

Fragile: Unlike robust steganography, the

information embedded in a le is destroyed

card) where your details are embedded in CUSTOM 300 WORD

tra c) and circulation of secret data by a

point is referred to as pixels. In support of

With the aid of the primary colours: red,

2.3.1 Image All free resources 

Furthermore, the objective of this is to reduce

Fig 2.0 General Image Storage System (Wei

16 Pages All Services 

But for lossless compression the image's

this is preferred when original image must

another. The following steps need to be CUSTOM 300 WORD

3. Now you have to create a new image by

secret image, there will be four bits left for

4. To get the original image back you just

1. First the image is split up into 8 x 8

2. Next each of these squares is transformed All free resources 

via a DCT, which outputs a multi-dimensional

3. A quantizer rounds each of these

compression stage as this is where data is

distortions down, but its disadvantage is its

2.4.3 Discrete Wavelet Fair use policy 

Transformation Referencing tools 

According to Reddy and Raja (n.d) "wavelet All free resources 

frequency and low frequency information on

Horizontal band (HL), and diagonal detail CUSTOM 300 WORD

bands consists of high frequency coe cients,

Research into human perception indicates

decomposition, the image is separated into

applications of the fusion of images include CUSTOM 300 WORD

2.4.4 Masking and Fair use policy 

requires changing the luminance of the

Umamaheswari, Sivasubramanian and

Selected Least Signi cant Bits (SLSB) CUSTOM 300 WORD