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Design and Validation of Hook Used in Double Spring Balancer For The Suspension of Weight Using FEA Technique
Design and Validation of Hook Used in Double Spring Balancer For The Suspension of Weight Using FEA Technique
School of Engineering & Information Technology, Manipal University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Abstract
The design and manufacturing of a double spring balancer which is used to suspend the machine is carried out. Based on the
design, a pattern of the element is built for the process of manufacturing. Present work deals with the optimization of the hook
which is a part of the balancer which has a trapezoidal cross-sectional area. This study focuses on both bending stresses with
the consideration of both tensile & compressive stresses along with displacement censorial axis with respect to neutral axis.
The design which is obtained by finite element analysis technique is compared with the classical design equations and the
required validation is carried out.
Keywords
Curved Beam, Spiral Spring Mechanism, Conical Drum Pulley, Ansys, Creo Pro 5.0
Received: June 30, 2015 / Accepted: July 16, 2015 / Published online: July 28, 2015
@ 2015 The Authors. Published by American Institute of Science. This Open Access article is under the CC BY-NC license.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
* Corresponding author
E-mail address: selvan@manipaldubai.com (Chithirai P. S. M.)
142 Sampath S. S. et al.: Design and Validation of Hook Used in Double Spring Balancer for the Suspension of Weight
Using FEA Technique
Application) software. Pattern of stress distribution in 3D towards the material saving during manufacturing of crane
model of crane hook is obtained using ANSYS software. The hook. For material saving the maximum stress region is to be
stress distribution pattern is verified for its correctness on identified by using FEM analysis and then material is
model of crane hook using Winkler-Bach theory for curved removed by considering the maximum bending stress at
beams. B Nagaraju [3] et. al made an attempt with the failure point. Gopichand [6] worked on optimization of
consideration of four different types of cross sections of design parameters which is carried out using Taguchi method,
crane hooks and is designed theoretically by using curved total three parameters are considered with mixed levels and
beam concept. CATIA software is used for modeling the L16 orthogonal array is generated .The optimum combination
crane hook and ANSYS software used to find out the stresses. of input parameters for minimum Vonmises stresses are
As a conclusion, the results obtained from ANSYS and determined. Dinesh and Naveen Chandran [7] studied the
theoretical calculations are compared. Chetan N. Benkar [4] stress which is induced on the crane hook leading to failure.
et al prepared a solid model and analyzed using Ansys 14 Analysis is carried out using Ansys software. Tushar Hire &
software. Finite Element Analyses have been performed on Barataria [8] used analytical and experimental methods to
various models of crane hook having triangular, rectangular, analyze the stress pattern in crane hooks. Also they
circular and trapezoidal cross sections. Sayyedkasim Ali [5] determined the failure criteria of a hook.
et. al optimized the cross section of crane which is inclined
1 Forged Hooks
8 Self-Contained Spring
10 Shock Absorber
11 Hook Holder
14 Gauge Indicator
3. Methodology The hooks are drop forged using mild steel material which
can withstand 5 ton capacity. Equations given below are the
Figure 2 shows the steps involved in a analysis of hook dimensions and the expressions which are used in the design
which is an integral part of spring balancer. It begins with the calculations involved in a curved member. Figure 3 shows
problem definition. Each and every component is designed the front view of the hook and figure 4 shows the section of
and optimum material selection is carried out. Forged hooks the hook.
are designed according to the nature of weight to be carried
and it is assembled to the tapered cable drum with the Radius of the neutral axis is given by the equation (1) and the
stranded steel cable. Manual calculation which is carried out radius of central axis which is the sum of center of gravity of
International Journal of Energy Science and Engineering Vol. 1, No. 4, 2015, pp. 141-147 143
the section and the inner radius is given in equation (2). The
eccentricity is calculated by the difference between the radius
of central axis and the neutral axis radius given by equation (3).
The overall stress in a inner fiber of the curved member is
given by the equation (4) and the factor of safety is calculated
by the equation (5). The above equations will signify whether
the design of a hook can withstand the load of not.
(1)
̅ (2)
(3)
(4)
"#
! (5)
"
Figure 3. Dimensions of a Hook (All dimensions are in mm).
Figure 12. CREO model of hook. Figure 13. Ansys Analysis of a curved member (hook).
Figure 14. variation of stress acting on inner fiber with the force applied.