Hooke Law

Uhaidi Latif, Fasehatul Qari'ah, Ririn Siyati

Education Physics , Faculty Teacher training and Science Education , Madura Islamic University

Jl. Miftahul Ulum Bettet Islamic Boarding School, Pamekasan Madura, East Java 69317, Indonesia

Uhaidilatif@gmail.com

Fasehatulqoriahpysic@gmail.com

Ririnsiyati76542@gmail.com

Abstract
The purpose of this experiment is to determine the spring constant statically and
dynamically, and use graph analysis. The experimental method carried out in a static way is to
weigh the mass of the load using the balance sheet first. Then measure the length of the spring
first using a ruler and attach the spring to the statif, then hang the load on the end of the spring.
Steering the length of the spring after being given a load, and then calculating the addition of the
spring length from the initial length. The experiment was carried out 6 times, with different load
masses. While the dynamic method is carried out the same method as in a static way, then given
a little noise so that harmonious vibrations occur. Next, it shakes the vibration time for ten
vibrations. The experiment was carried out 6 times with different masses, and repetitions 3 times
with the same mass of load. The variables used in this experiment are spring type as a control
variable, by manipulating the mass of the load, to get a response in a static way, namely the
increase in spring length and in a dynamic way, namely 10 vibration times. In this experiment,
the value of the spring constant in the static method is (6.35 ± 0.73) N / m with an accuracy level
of 88.5% and the spring constant value with graph analysis of 3.4 N / m. Whereas in the dynamic
way the spring constant value is obtained (3.15 ± 0.06) N / m with the accuracy level of 98.1%
and the spring constant value with graph analysis of 2.45 N / m. From this experiment, it is
known that the relationship between the mass of the load and the increase in the length of the
spring and the square of the period is directly proportional.
Keywords: spring constant, static, dynamic, style.
1. INTODUCTION
When a object stretched by style, long object increase. When object still is located in
circumstances elastic (limit elasticity not yet exceeded), accretion length x, according to hooke,
comparable with big F that stretches object. Principle this apply too for helix spring, during limit
elasticity spring not exceeded. Principle this could formulated in form equation. That is:
F = -k. Lx (1)
On equation This is not t constant springs were investigated. When made chart between F and
Ax, and equation above right, garafik that is will shaped line straight . To find spring constants
can be searched using static methods and dynamically. The spring that is hung has a spring
constant value k, which is the force of each length increment (Δx) of one unit length. So if we
pull the spring with the F hand, then the spring will have a spring force (Fp) whose direction is
the opposite of the force ((F). This is in accordance with Hooke's Law, where:
 Fp = -k Δx (2 )
So to find the value k can be found with the equation,
k = 𝐹 / Δx = 𝑚𝑔 / Δx (3 )
Where: k = Spring constant (N / m), F = Spring force (N / m), Δx = Spring Length increment (m)
If the load that is hung on the spring is in equilibrium, then is given a slight distraction by pulling
the mass down or pressing it upward then releasing it again, then the spring will experience
vibration. This vibration will cause a period and amplitude as well as an acceleration whose
direction always leads to the equilibrium that can be expressed in the equation,

x = A cos ωt (4)
v = 𝑑𝑥 / 𝑑𝑡
= d (A cos ωt) / 𝑑𝑡

v = -Aω sin ωt (5)

a = 𝑑𝑣 / 𝑑𝑡
= d (−Aω sin ωt) / 𝑑𝑡
a = -Aω2 cos ωt
a = - ω2x (6)

Where: (x) is distance, (v) speed, and (a) is acceleration.

If a spring accelerates it will apply Newton's Law 2 with the equation,

∑F = Fp (7)
ma = -k ∆x
m (- ω2x) = -k ∆x
- m2m x = -k ∆x
- m2m = -k
ω2 =𝑘/𝑚

ω=√𝑘/𝑚

2𝜋𝑇=√𝑘/𝑚

T = 2π√ 𝑚 / 𝑘
 T2 = 4π2 𝑚 / 𝑘

K = 4π2 𝑚 / 𝑇 2 (8) \

From the decrease in the formula above it can be used to look for spring constants in a dynamic
way.

2. METHODOLOGY
The tools used are:

No. Tool's name total

1 Basic Statif 1
2 Statif stem, 500 mm 1
3 Batang Statif, 250 mm 1
4 Booshead, Universal 1
5 Broken load and hangers 1 set
6 Stakeholder 1
7 Helical spring, 25N / m 1
8 Ruler, 50 cm 1
Static way:
a. Hang one load (W = 0.5 N) at the bottom end of the spring. This value is the weight of
0

the initial load F for the spring

0

b. Measure the initial length of spring 10. In order to be confusing, measure the length of
the spring from a top fixed point
c. Note w and l on the results of the observation.
0 0

d. Add 1 load on the initial beam and measure the length of spring / as practicum step b.
record the weight of total load W and 1 at the table of observation.
e. Repeat steps d practicum each time with the pen am sump a first load and len n g e l
observation kapi tab
Dynamic way:
a. after weighing the mass of the load.
b. hang the spring to the statif then give a load to the tip of the spring.
c. given a little annoying so that harmonious vibrations occur.
d. measure vibration time for 10 times vibration. Repeat these steps with a different mass
of loads 5 times with 3 repetitions in each mass. Kemu dian determine the spring constant.
3. RESULT and DISCUSSION
a. Measurement results
 Static way:

Style force Spring length Change in

No. Load mass (kg) k (N / m)
(N) (m) length (m)
1 0.05 0.5 0.074 0.007 71.4
2 0.1 1 0.1 0.026 38,37
3 0.15 1.5 0.126 0.022 72.7
4 0.2 2 0.15 0.024 87.5
5 0.25 2.5 0.16 0.1 230
Jml 0.75 total 0.179 41.88

Dynamic way:

Load mass
Time 10 Vibration (t ± 0.1)
No. (m ± 0.05)
s
g
7.0
1 44.20 7.2
7.3
7.8
2
54.20 7.8
7.9
9.0
3 64.85 9.0
9.1
9.9
4 74.65 9.8
9.7
10.5
5 86.20 10.5
10.6
11.6
6 96.00 11.8
11.6
 In the data above, the style of sa gat affects the change in spring extension. Because the
more force is given, the longer the spring will be. and also in a dynamic way it is very
significant, because if the force is given a lot, then the time taken by the spring is to oscillate for
a long time. In the experiment above the spring constant is done by static method ie ( 41.88 ) N /
m, and the spring constant which is done in a dynamic way, namely ( 3.15 ± 0.06 ) N / m.

From the experimental results can be a different spring constant value between the spring
constant is calculated by means of stat and the spring constant is calculated in a dynamic way.
This is caused by several factors, namely lack of precision in reading the measurement results,
and also influenced by spring elasticity factors. The level of accuracy of spring constants in
different static ways. because in a static way only a single measurement is done, So the accuracy
of measurement is less detailed. Unlike the case with using dynamic methods, the arena in a
dynamic way is done repeatedly.

4. CONCLUSION
Based on the experiments above, conclusions can be drawn, namely to determine the spring
constant can be done in two ways, namely static and dynamic. To look for static spring values,
you can use the equation k = 𝐹 ∆ = 𝑚 𝑔 ∆ . Based on the experiments above, the results of
spring constants are calculated by static method of ( 41.88 ) N / m and dynamically equal to (
3.15 ± 0.06 ) N / m .
In the experiment the spring constant proved that the hooke law is true, that is, the
relationship between the force applied to the spring is proportional to the increase in the length
of the spring (F = kx). In a static way, if the mass of the load is added, the length of the spring
will be longer in the static manner and if the mass of the load is added to the weight then the
time needed is longer so that the period is smaller . Whereas in the dynamic way, the more
vibrations carried out on the vibration system, the more time it takes so that the period is getting
bigger.

5. REFERENCES

Oktavia, Eka Vivi, Miftachul Khoiriah, and Putri Ayu Rachmawati. "FIXED DEVOTION."
BASIC PHYSICAL JOURNAL , 2015: 1-7.

Primary, Dhiyanaka. physics lab report. Surabaya: SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 2 SURABAYA,

2013.

Priyambodo, Tri Kuntoro, and Bambang Murdaka Eka Jati. BASIC PHYSICS. Yogyakarta:
ANDI Yogyakarta, 2009.