A320 Emergency Equipment

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AIRBUS 320 SERIES Page: 1/28
EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT Rev: 1

Date: 01.01.2018
TABLE OF CONTENT
LEGAL CAUTION ..........................................................................................................................................................3
EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................3
FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT OVERVIEW ...........................................................................................................................3
BCF ............................................................................................................................................................................... 3
WFE ............................................................................................................................................................................... 4
PBE (SMOKE HOOD - PROTECTIVE BREATHING EQUIPMENT) .................................................................................. 4
FLASHLIGHT .................................................................................................................................................................. 5
CRASHAXE AND CROWBAR ...................................................................................................................................... 5
PROTECTIVE GLOVES .................................................................................................................................................. 5
LAVATORY SMOKE DETECTION .................................................................................................................................. 6
SURVIVAL EQUIPMENT .......................................................................................................................................................6
MEGAPHONE ......................................................................................................................................................................6
FIRST AID KIT .........................................................................................................................................................................7
EMERGENCY MEDICAL KIT ................................................................................................................................................8
LIFEVEST ................................................................................................................................................................................8
LIFE VEST DEMONSTRATION ........................................................................................................................................ 8
INFANT LIFEVEST ........................................................................................................................................................... 9
SLIDE/SLIDE RAFTS .............................................................................................................................................................10
PASSENGER DOORS: ................................................................................................................................................. 10
EMERGENCY EXIT DOORS: ....................................................................................................................................... 10
DISCONNECTION FOR FLOTATION: ......................................................................................................................... 10
SLIDING BEHAVIOUR ................................................................................................................................................. 11
ELT .......................................................................................................................................................................................11
MRT .....................................................................................................................................................................................11
LOCATION OF THE EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT ..............................................................................................................12
RESCUE SYMBOLS .............................................................................................................................................................12
MEANING OF RESCUE SYMBOLS. ............................................................................................................................. 12
FIRE FIGHTING AND SMOKE IN CABIN.....................................................................................................................12
THEORY OF FIRE.................................................................................................................................................................12
POSSIBLE FIRE SOURCES ...................................................................................................................................................13
FIRE PREVENTIONS ............................................................................................................................................................13
CABIN CREW FIRE DRILL............................................................................................................................................ 13
PURSER RESPONSIBILITIES DURING FIRE .................................................................................................................... 14
LAVATORY FIRE .......................................................................................................................................................... 14
SMOKE IN CABIN ....................................................................................................................................................... 15
CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF THE PASSENGER............................................................................................. 15
FIRE FIGHTING ON THE GROUND ............................................................................................................................. 15
DOORS & EMERGENCY EXIT REVIEW ........................................................................................................................16
PREVENTIVE MEASURES WHILE OPENING......................................................................................................................16
PREVENTIVE MEASURES WHILE CLOSING ......................................................................................................................16
DOORS AND WINDOWS ..................................................................................................................................................17
CABIN DOORS OPENING FROM INSIDE (A319/320/321) ....................................................................................... 17
CABIN DOORS CLOSING FROM INSIDE (A319/320/321) ....................................................................................... 17
CABIN DOORS OPENING FROM OUTSIDE (A319/320/321) ................................................................................... 17
CABIN DOORS CLOSING FROM OUTSIDE (A319/320/321) ................................................................................... 17
CABIN DOORS OPENING FROM INSIDE IN EMERGENCY (A319/320/321) ........................................................... 17
OVERWING EXIT OPENING FROM INSIDE (A320) ................................................................................................... 18
OVERWING EXIT OPENING FROM OUTSIDE (A320) ................................................................................................ 18
EMERGENCY EXIT OPENING FROM INSIDE (A320) ................................................................................................. 18
DECOMPRESSION ......................................................................................................................................................18
SLOW DECOMPRESSION .................................................................................................................................................18
Copyrights © 2007 by Flyco Training Solutions

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Date: 01.01.2018
RAPID DECOMPRESSION.................................................................................................................................................19
DECOMPRESSION PROCEDURES ...................................................................................................................................19
COCKPITCREW RESPONSIBILITIES ............................................................................................................................. 19
ANNOUNCEMENTS FROM COCKPIT TO CABIN ...................................................................................................... 19
CABIN CREW RESPONSIBILITIES ................................................................................................................................ 20
HYPOXIA ............................................................................................................................................................................20
TIME OF USEFUL CONSCIOUSNESS ................................................................................................................................20
OXYGEN SYSTEM ..............................................................................................................................................................21
COCKPIT FIXED OXYGEN SYSTEM ............................................................................................................................ 21
PASSENGER OXYGEN SYSTEM .................................................................................................................................. 22
PORTABLE O2 EQUIPMENT ..............................................................................................................................................22
EVACUATION PROCEDURES .....................................................................................................................................22
COMMENCING EVACUATION .......................................................................................................................................23
EVACUATION ORDERS ....................................................................................................................................................23
CABIN CREW AT STATIONS ....................................................................................................................................... 23
BRACE FOR IMPACT .................................................................................................................................................. 24
EVACUATE FROM ... EXITS ......................................................................................................................................... 24
CABIN CREW AND PASSENGERS KEEP YOUR SEATS .............................................................................................. 24
IN CASE OF P/A IS NOT WORKING .......................................................................................................................... 24
COCKPIT EVACUATION PROCEDURES .................................................................................................................... 24
UNPREPARED EVACUATION ..................................................................................................................................... 25
PREPARED EVACUATION .......................................................................................................................................... 25
CABIN PREPARATION ................................................................................................................................................ 25
DEFINITION OF USABLE AND UNUSABLE EXIT ........................................................................................................... 26
DEFINITION OF DRIED UP EXIT ................................................................................................................................... 26
CROWD CONTROL ..........................................................................................................................................................26
REFUELING ..................................................................................................................................................................27
GENERAL ...........................................................................................................................................................................27
REFUELING WITH PASSENGERS ONBOARD ...................................................................................................................27
REFUELING WITH ENGINE RUNNING ..............................................................................................................................28

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1
LEGAL CAUTION
The material contained in this training program is based on the information obtained from
current state, local and company regulations and it is to be used for training purposes
only. At the time of designing this program contained then current information. In the
event of conflict between data provided herein and that in publications issued by the
authority, the authority shall take precedence.
2
EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT OVERVIEW
Welcome to Airbus 320 Series Emergency Procedures course. According to JAR-OPS,
each crew member has to review knowledge about the handling and location of
emergency equipment used on-board. In this part of the course we will review of the
following equipments.
Fire Fighting Equipment
 BCF,
 WFE,
 PBE,
 Flashlight,
 Crash Axe,
 Protective Gloves
 Lavatory Smoke Detection
Survival Equipment
 Megaphone
 First Aid Kit
 Emergency Medical Kit
Lifevest
Slide and Slide Raft
ELT
Flashlights
Portable Oxygen Equipment
3
FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT OVERVIEW
BCF
(Bromochlorodiflouromethane) Fire Extinguisher. Halon extinguishes the fire by displacing
the oxygen in the air therefore it breaks the fire triangle. In addition to this, halon is heavier
than air, it will penetrate concealed areas. BCF can be used for all kinds of fire.
4
Handling instructions:
 Take out of bracket
 Pull safety pin
 Hold by handle upright
 Optimal distance to fire source is 1-1.5 m
 Direct nozzle to the base of the flame

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Date: 01.01.2018
 Press the trigger

 Apply BCF to the base of flame if possible, use short bursts, constantly monitoring the
effects on the fire.
 Stop using BFC as soon as the fire is extinguished
 If flames reappear apply BCF again.
 Extinguishing flow is stopped by releasing trigger
 Please note that BCF duration is only 7 seconds.
5
WFE
Water fire extinguisher contains a solution of water mixed with antifreeze.
CAUTION: Do not use on electrical or grease type fires.
WFE can be used for only fabric or paper fires.
 Take out of bracket
 Turn handle clockwise as far as possible to charge bottle with CO2
 Hold extinguisher in upright position and press trigger to discharge
 Extinguishing flow is stopped by releasing the trigger
6
PBE (SMOKE HOOD - PROTECTIVE BREATHING EQUIPMENT)
The Protective Breathing Equipment (PBE) is a closed-circuit breathing apparatus to help
protect your eyes and respiratory tract from smoke, carbon dioxide, and other harmful
gases.
In a smoke or fire incident, the extinguisher and PBE should be brought to the area of
concern immediately.
7
SCOTT TYPE PBE
 Remove unit from case
 Tear off red pull strip and remove unit from bag
 Pull out actuation ring. Do not use unless you hear gas flow.
 Grasp opening in neck seal with thumbs.
 Bend forward, insert chin into opening and pull hood across face and over the
head.
 Pull hood down until headband firmly engages forehead.
 Remove all hair and clothing between neck and seal.
 Using fingers be certain neck seal makes firm contact completely around neck.
 Normal operation causes gas flow noise inside the hood.
 When noise stops immediately move to a non-hazardous area and remove the
hood.
8
DRAEGER TYPE PBE
Handling instruction:
 Open box
 Remove vacuum packing

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 Take out hood and

 Put hood on
 Pull starter lanyard
 Secure to body by straps
9
PURITAN BENNETT TYPE PBE
Handling instruction:
 Open box
 Remove vacuum packing
 Take out hood and
 Grasp opening in neck seal.
 Bend forward, Put hood on
 Remove all hair and clothing between neck and seal.
 Using fingers be certain neck seal makes firm contact completely around neck.
 Pull starter lanyard
10
FLASHLIGHT
Flashlights for enlighten the dark places and can be used to send the emergency signal
in case of emergency conditions. Move the lights in big circles or send emergency signals
with MORSE CODE. By pressing 3 short, 3 long, 3 short flashes ‘...- - - ...’ means SOS and
keep repeating.
There are two different types of flashlights onboard.
Version-1 and Version-2 type flashlight.
Version-1 type has morse knob in addition. Turn this knob to center position and press on
it to give SOS signal contionusly.
Version 2 type flashlight has red LED light which flashes every 3-6 minutes. That means you
have to consider flashing intervals more than 6 seconds indicates low battery power
which will result in reduced operational life of the device.
These flashlights are not rechargeable in their brackets; light will automatically activate
when removed from the bracket. For this reason these flashlights shall be removed from
brackets ONLY FOR EMERGENCY USE (fire/smoke, evacuation etc).
11
CRASHAXE AND CROWBAR
Airplanes with more than nine passenger seats must be equipped with a crash axe or
crowbar, located on the flight deck.
Airplanes with more than 200 passenger seats must carry an additional crash axe or
crowbar, located in the aft galley complex. The crash axe or crowbar in the cabin must
be restricted from passenger view.
Why do we need a crash axe on board?
 Can be used to break open jammed doors and covers or can be used as leverage
 Handle is isolated against high voltage
12
PROTECTIVE GLOVES
 May be used to handle hot items or ragged edges

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Date: 01.01.2018
 May be used to handle aggressive materials such as chemicals (dangerous goods)

You must avoid direct contact with liquid dangerous goods because of protective gloves
are absorbent materials
13
LAVATORY SMOKE DETECTION
Each lavatory in Airbus aircraft are equipped with a smoke detector. The detector is
located in the extraction air ventilation duct.
The warning system is connected to the Cabin Intercommunication Data Systems with
Smoke Detection Function and the Flight Warning System. If smoke detector is triggered
it will send information to the flight and cabin crew.
In the cockpit there will be a repetitive chime and a red MASTER WARNING light. There
will also be an indication on the upper ECAM display.
In the cabin there will be an auditory triple chime every 30 seconds and a red flashing
indicator with continuous text on the Attendant Indication Panel or Attendant Indication
Panel (AIP). A flashing amber on the Area Call Panel or Area Call Panel (ACP) and a
flashing amber on the exterior of the relative lavatory wall. On the Flight Attendant Panel
(FAP) a red 'SMOKE DETECTED' indication will be displayed along with the related
location.
14
ACTIVATION OF SMOKE DETECTION
Air is drawn in from the bottom of the lavatory and is drawn through the venting in the
ceiling of the cubicle. The air passes through the detector as it is being drawn out. If
smoke is detected, a warning is sent to the Cabin Intercommunication Data System
(CIDS) and the Flight Warning Computer (FWC). The CIDS activates the related functions
on the FAP the AIP and the ACP. The FWC sends the data to the cockpit systems.
Reset of the auditory and visual warning of the ACP and AIP panels is accomplished by
pressing the reset switch on the FAP. The indications for the FAP pushbutton SMOKE RESET,
the SMOKE DETECTED on the smoke detected page, and the Additional Attendant
Panel (AAP) pushbutton SMOKE RESET will extinguish automatically when the smoke
density drops below warning levels of the detector.
15
LAVATORY WASTE BIN FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Each lavatory has a fire extinguisher system located above the waste bin. The system
normally activates by heat in the waste bin and its compartment. Approximately 77
degrees C temperature in the waste bin will cause the fusible plug to melt and let agent
flow into the waste bin.
16
SURVIVAL EQUIPMENT
According to JAR-OPS 1.835 survival equipment must be on board an aeroplane when
operating across areas in which search and rescue would be especially difficult.
17
MEGAPHONE
According to JAR-OPS 1.810;

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(a) An operator shall not operate an aeroplane with a maximum approved passenger
seating configuration of more than 60 and carrying one or more passengers unless it is
equipped with portable battery-powered megaphones readily accessible for use by
crew members during an emergency evacuation, to the following scales:
For each passenger deck:
Passenger Seating Configuration Number of Megaphones Required
61 to 99 1
100 or more 2
The megaphone is used in an emergency, if the PA system is inoperative for
communication and for instructions to passengers inside and outside the aircraft.
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Handling Instructions for VERSION 1 Type megaphone;
Hold microphone close to mouth:
 Press handle
 Direct cone towards passengers
 Speak slowly and clearly
An acoustic signal is activated by pulling the white starter lanyard.
 To adjust the volume while speaking use the black buckle.
Form an ‘O’ with your index finger and thumb and place between megaphone and lips
to avoid injuries.
19
Handling Instructions for VERSION 2 Type megaphone;
 Hold microphone close to mouth
 Press PTT button
 Direct cone towards passengers
 Speak slowly and clearly
20
FIRST AID KIT
The number of First Aid Kits with which an aircraft should be equipped is as follows:
Number of passenger seats installed Number of First Aid Kits required
0 to 99 1
100 to 199 2
200 to 299 3
The content of the kit is listed in the FIRST AID KIT CONTENT LIST.
The contents of the First Aid Kits may be used by any crewmember.
First Aid Kit contents must be inspected on a pre-determined schedule. Items should be
replaced when used or expired.
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EMERGENCY MEDICAL KIT

Medical Kits contain restricted narcotics and may only be used by a licensed physician.
Medical Kits must be kept secured (locked) and are provided for use when a volunteer
physician provides proof of license to dispense narcotics.
Cabin crewmembers are responsible for ensuring the presence of the Medical Kit and
verifying the credentials of the persons requesting use.
The contents of the Medical Kit are determined by the countries governing regulations.
Contents of the Medical Kit must be inspected and replaced when used or expired.
22
LIFEVEST
All aircraft flown more than 162 nautical miles from shoreline must be equipped with
water survival equipment.
Lifevests come in three sizes:
 Adult
 Child
 Infant
Generally, the passenger life vests are yellow and the crew life vests are orange. The size
of life vests equipped on an airplane is determined by the airline. Child life vests are similar
with the adult life vests only difference is the size.
23
LIFE VEST DEMONSTRATION
Life vest demonstration shall be conducted in front of passengers by actual donning
synchronized with the purser’s announcement. Remember the life vests cannot be used
in real emergency condition once it’s used for demonstration.
24
Handling instructions for VERSION 1 Type life vest;
 Remove the lifevest from the storage pouch, usually found under the seat or
between seats. Cabin crewmember lifevests are located at each jumpseat.
 Pull closing clip of life vest pocket down, remove life vest.
 Pull life vest over the head with inflatable air chambers forward (position collars
between skin and life vest material to avoid abrasion.
 Attach the strap to the catch in front and pull the belt tightly
 Pull the red inflation handles down to inflate the life vest just before leaving aircraft
through a door .If passenger use overwing exits they must inflate lifevests right after
leaving the aircraft.
 Do not inflate the vest inside the aircraft.
 If the vest does not inflate properly, blow into the red tube(s) located on the side of
the vest.
 If using an adult vest on a small child, only pull one red tab to inflate.
 If the vest is too large for the passenger, press the end of the red tube to allow some
air to escape.
25
Deflating;

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 For deflating the life vest you must press the finger tip or nail on the pin inside the red
tube.
In addition;
 Each life vest has a lamp, which lights up automatically upon contact with water. In
exceptional cases, pull down battery activation handle to activate the position
light.
 Duration of battery is approximately 8 hours.
26
Handling instructions for VERSION 2 type life vest;
 Pull life vest over the head with inflatable air chambers forward
 Attach the strap to the catch in front and pull the belt tightly
 Pull the red inflation handles down to inflate the life vest just before leaving aircraft
through a door .If passenger use overwing exits they must inflate lifevests right after
leaving the aircraft.
 Do not inflate the vest inside the aircraft.
 If the vest does not inflate properly, blow into the red tube(s) located on the side of
the vest.
 If using an adult vest on a small child, only pull one red tab to inflate.
 If the vest is too large for the passenger, press the end of the red tube to allow some
air to escape.
27
Deflating;
 For deflating the life vest you must press the finger tip or nail on the pin inside the red
tube.
In addition;
 Each life vest has a lamp, which lights up automatically upon contact with water. In
exceptional cases, pull down battery activation handle to activate the position
light.
28
INFANT LIFEVEST
This life vest is marked ‘INFANT’ and is used for infants up to two years depending on the
size and weight (35 lbs/ 15.9 kg or less). Infant life vest shall be inflated immediately by
accompanying person after the aircraft has stopped.
29
Handling instructions of VERSION 1 type infant life vest
This type of life vests are fitted like a feeding bib and fixed with three snap hook fasteners
on the back of the infant.
 Slip infants arms through armlets
 Attach snap hook fasteners to each and pull them tight
 Position collar between skin and life vest material to avoid abrasion
 Pull red inflation handles to inflate two air chambers.
 In case of an automatic inflation failure of one or both chambers, inflate them by
blowing air into the appropriate manual inflation tube.

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Date: 01.01.2018
 Pull down battery activation handle to activate position light.

30
Handling instructions of VERSION 2 type infant life vest
 Place life vest over infant’s head
 Position collar between skin and life vest material to avoid abrasion
 Place one leg over harness loop, buckle belt around infant’s waist and pull the belt
tight
 Pull red inflation handles to inflate two air chambers.
 In case of an automatic inflation failure of one or both chambers, inflate them by
blowing air into the appropriate manual inflation tube.
 Pull down battery activation handle to activate position light.
31
SLIDE/SLIDE RAFTS
All airbus aircraft are equipped with escape slides and or escape slide rafts.
The slides are deployed automatically for emergency doors and for passenger doors
when the slides are in ARMED mode. All slides are equipped with lighting for night usage.
Power is supplied by the cabin emergency lighting system. If this is not available the slide
has self-contained power to last at least 10 minutes.
32
PASSENGER DOORS:
When the door is opened in ARMED mode, the girt bar activates the automatic
deployment of the slides by removing the packboard. The slide falls to the side of the
fuselage and a firing lanyard activates the regulator valve to inflate the slide with the
primary gas supply. The slide inflates around 2/3's of the way when the intermediate
restraint tie device releases the last 1/3 of the slide. This prevents the slide from deploying
under the fuselage. The total time for deployment is approximately 4 seconds. If this does
not occur, manual deployment is required by locating the MANUAL INFLATION HANDLE
found on the right side of the girt extension.
33
EMERGENCY EXIT DOORS:
For emergency exit doors the operation is identical to the regular door operation with the
exception that the slide is located under a cover on the exterior of the fuselage. When
the door is opened the slide deploys. They are single lane slides. If this does not occur,
manual deployment is required by locating the MANUAL INFLATION HANDLE found on
the top right corner of the door frame. The normal deployment time is 3 seconds.
34
DISCONNECTION FOR FLOTATION:
In cases of ditching, the slides can be disconnected from the fuselage and used for
flotation. Minimum pressure of the slide is reached after 12 hours. To disconnect the
slide/raft first lift the flap, pull the manual release handle.
35

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SLIDING BEHAVIOUR
 First remove shoes before using the slide or slide/raft;
 Jump: stretch legs out, feet together, lean upper body forward with arms
outstretched:
 Instruct two persons (preferably PSPs or other ABPs) to jump first in order to give
assistance at the bottom of the slide or slide/raft to those following.
 In case of ‘Controlled Disembarkation’, instruct passengers to sit down and slide.
36
ELT
The study of older generation ELT failures has enabled a better understanding of the
environmental conditions of a crash. All these environment studies resulted in the writing
of new specifications for ELT by both RTCA (Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics)
and EUROCAE (EURopean Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment). Their work is
published in RTCA DO183/204 and EUROCAE ED62 documents. This has given birth to a
new generation of ELTs. The main differences with the older generation are better
mechanical characteristics, severe specifications for automatic activation and
dentification of the aircraft with the introduction of the ‘ 406 MHz frequency ‘.
In accordance with the regulations, all aircraft must be equipped with an Emergency
Locator Transmitter (ELT). These devices operate at 121.5 MHz or 406 MHz. ELTs
transmitting on 406 MHz have to be coded in accordance with ICAO Annex 10 and
registered with the national agency responsible for search and rescue.
Aircraft approved for extended overwater travel are also equipped with portable ELTs,
usually stored in the cabin. It is a standalone equipment that works with an auxiliary
antenna and that is to be activated manually by survivors or automatically with the
Water Switch. A tether is supplied to tie the ELT to a liferaft. In the event of a ditching,
cabin crewmembers are responsible for retrieving the portable ELTs when exiting the
aircraft.
37
Activation of Kannad 406 type portable ELT
At sea:
If the ELT will be used in water in case of ditching, release the antenna, remove the red
pin, the switch should be in ‘ARM’ position which provides automatic activation in water,
release the mooring line and attach to the lifevest or raft.
38
On land:
If the ELT will be used on land in case of emergency conditions, release the antenna,
remove the red pin, the switch should be in ‘ON’ position.
39
MRT
MRT is a metal tool with a pointed end used to drop stationary oxygen masks manually
after decompression.
Handling instructions;
 Insert the pin end into one of the holes on PSU to unlatch drop mechanism.
 This will open the compartment flap. Oxygen masks will drop down.

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40
LOCATION OF THE EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT
Emergency equipments are located the safe and close nearby places to crew. All
equipment must be located in special storage or overhead bin and stabled with easy
collapsible latches. Location of the emergency equipment could be various and
depend on which registration or type you are flying with.
41
RESCUE SYMBOLS
After an emergency landing, distress symbols should be displayed to make it easier for
search aircraft to find the crash site and to signal that there are survivors. The type of
signal to be displayed must be determined by the survivors.
For symbols use baggage, life vests, crash materials, twigs, trees, pieces of grass, backs
in snow and else. Lay them out in clear areas. The symbols should be at least 25 to 30
meters long.
A cross is probably in all environmental situations the most easy to produce and most
visible.
As much as big and high symbols would have larger shadow therefore greater visibility.
MEANING OF RESCUE SYMBOLS.
- V- Need help
- X- Need Medical Help
- N- NO
- Y- YES
- - Going This Direction
42
FIRE FIGHTING AND SMOKE IN CABIN
We already explained the following equipment in the Fire Fighting Equipment section;
 BCF (Bromchlordifluormethan) Fire Extinguisher
 WFE (Water Fire Extinguisher)
 PBE (Protective Breathing Equipment)
 Flashlight
 Crashaxe
 Protective Gloves
 Lavatory Smoke Detectors
To review the fire fighting equipment please refer to Fire Fighting Equipment in the first
part of this training. We will familiarize you how to use fire fighting equipments in case of
fire.
43
THEORY OF FIRE
A fire breeds on three elements: FUEL, HEAT, OXYGEN
These elements must be present to produce a fire. Eliminating at least one of these
elements is crucial solution when extinguishing a fire. Fuel and Oxygen are always

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present. Therefore to help prevent fire it’s essential to keep any source of heat away from
materials which may easily be ignited.
Removal of FUEL is known as STARVING the fire.
Removal of OXYGEN is known as SMOTHERING the fire.
Removal of HEAT is known as COOLING the fire.
44
POSSIBLE FIRE SOURCES
Cabin: Passenger smoking materials, Electrical systems, Passenger careless actions,
Passenger Electronic Devices
Lavatory: Waste bins, Water heaters, Panels.
Galleys: Electrical Systems, Ovens, Waste bins
45
FIRE PREVENTIONS
As a crewmember, you can reduce the chance of fire with regular check and constant
watch to potential fire areas. The following rules and duties must be followed and any
abnormalities must be reported to cockpit crew without any delay.
 Ensure that no smoking regulation is strictly adhered to
 Ensure that no papers or magazines are left laying on the floor
 Check electrical equipments (oven, boiler, video etc) for overheating.
 Check lavatories for smoke, heat, smell, normal temperature of warm water. Flaps
and doors of waste containers shall be closed.
46
CABIN CREW FIRE DRILL
Fire fighting on board should be performed according to ‘Cabin Fire Procedure’ (CFP).
This procedure contains all points for immediate and correct actions in case of smoke or
fire on board. CFP involves all Cabin Attendants and should be adopted in all fire/smoke
or suspected fire situations. Even the smallest fire on board can escalate very rapidly and
get out of control. Fire has to extinguished immediately with all available equipments.
The following detailed information on the subject should ensure optimized understanding
and performance.
47
‘First Cabin Attendant’, is the one who first observes smoke or fire. This person must
immediately localize the fire source and call or signal a ‘Second Cabin Attendant’, by
PA, calling or motioning to come over. The ‘First Cabin Attendant’ then fights the fire
immediately with the fire extinguisher.
When dealing with suspected fires in concealed locations the back of the hand should
be used to sense the intensity of heat.
‘Second Cabin Attendant’ is the one who informs cockpit and cabin crew about the fire
or smoke without a delay. This person then must back up the ‘First Cabin Attendant’.
‘Other Cabin Attendants’ shall bring all available fire extinguishers and equipment to
avoid any delay in fire fighting then shall follow additional duties which are specified in
CFP.
48
It must be ensured that the cabin is observed at all times.

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Cockpit crew should be informed with all possible information as nature, location and
severity of fire/smoke as well as action being taken. Communication about the condition
must be maintained.
The information should start with:
 Who is speaking and from where (position, name and CA-station from which the call
is made)
 Where the fire is and should be maintained with
 If the source of the fire has been established.
 If the fire is under control
 How many extinguishers have been used
 The amount, density and color of smoke being generated.
 The reaction and situation of passengers.
49
PURSER RESPONSIBILITIES DURING FIRE
The purser is responsible that the fire fighting is made in accordance to ‘Cabin Fire
Procedure’
 Communication with cockpit during fire fighting is established
 Time control for smoke hood use is established
 All cabin and passengers are observed by cabin attendants (in flight as well as on
the ground)
 Fire is extinguished and reported to cockpit
IMPORTANT NOTE:
In the event that the purser discovers fire or smoke and if the fire cannot be extinguished
with an immediate short action:
 Purser assigns a cabin attendant as ‘First CA’
 Responsibility of fire fighting remains with the ‘First CA’
 Purser informs cockpit and remaining cabin crew and ensures that any cabin
attendant provides assistance (as ‘Second CA’) in fire area.
 Then Purser resumes his/her assigned responsibilities.
50
LAVATORY FIRE
In case of lavatory smoke warning system is activated, even if it is a false alarm, actions
have to be conducted according to the CFP. The warning has to be verified. If the
lavatory is occupied, ask the occupant for the reason. If the lavatory is not occupied, the
door not hot and no smoke appearing, open the door carefully and inspect lavatory. If
smoke is appearing out of the lavatory, do not open the door until fire fighting
preparation is completed and smoke hood is donned. Then continue with standard fire
drill. This principle applies to all confined areas where a quick retreat is not possible, e.g.:
cockpit.
51
IF LAVATORY DOOR IS COOL/NO SMOKE APPEARING
 Open door slowly, use door as a shield
 De-activate alarm horn (if possible)
 Search the cause of smoke alarm

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Date: 01.01.2018
 If the fire source is discovered, fight immediately

 Ensure that the fire is extinguished and cooling is done
 Observe until landing
52
IF LAVATORY DOOR IS HOT/SMOKE APPEARING
 Do not open door until fire fighting preparation is completed and smoke hood is
donned
 With BCF ready, open door using as a shield
 Crouch and locate the fire source
 Discharge BCF at the base of fire and close the door
 Obtain another BCF (if necessary)
 Re-enter after 30 seconds and
 Ensure that fire is extinguished and cooling is done
 Observe until landing
53
SMOKE IN CABIN
The source of smoke can be:
 Open fire
 Smoldering fire
 Smoldering electrical equipment/connections
 Air conditioning
The stationary oxygen system shall not be activated since it gives no protection because
oxygen mixed with cabin air (smoke) is inhaled.
Time spent in areas where combustion gases are present without protection, should be
kept to a minimum, since inhalation of these gases can irritate the eyes, the inhalation
tract and may lead to smoke poisoning.
Check that the Smoke Hoods are available for cabin crew.
In case of smoke in the cabin, except the vicinity of open fire, the air vents should be
opened.
After successful fire fighting, the smoke will be evacuated in accordance with the
‘Abnormal and Emergency Procedures’ by the cockpit crew. It is essential that cockpit
crew is warned immediately, in order to carry out smoke clearance procedures.
54
CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF THE PASSENGER
In the event of dense smoke in the cabin, it is important that at least one Cabin Attendant
stays visible in cabin to calm and control the passengers. Passengers should be moved
away from the source of the fire/smoke and instructed to get their heads down as near
to the floor as possible and cover their mouths and noses with clothing. Cabin attendants
should organize to get these things wet (filter action). If someone’s clothing is on fire
quickly wrap him in a blanket or overcoat to extinguish the flames.
55
FIRE FIGHTING ON THE GROUND

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Date: 01.01.2018
On the ground, an evacuation may be necessary. Purser should inform the commander
about the condition of the cabin and the commander makes the decision to evacuate
or to initiate Controlled Disembarkation.
56
DOORS & EMERGENCY EXIT REVIEW
In this part of the training we will review Opening & Closing Doors and Emergency Exits.
57
PREVENTIVE MEASURES WHILE OPENING
Principally, exit doors should only be opened when passenger air jetties/stairs or catering
vehicles have been positioned to the aircraft and a clearance sign (thumb up) from the
responsible ground personnel has been received.
When the structure of passenger air jetties/stairs or catering vehicles does not permit door
opening after docking, the exit door may be opened immediately before docking.
Be extremely careful and connect safety barrier straps. Stepping onto passenger air
jetties/stairs is only permitted after a clearance sign from the operator has been received.
If there is any doubt whether air jetties/stairs have been ‘cleared‘ do not step on it.
The crew must receive the clearance from ground personnel to use passenger air
jetties/stairs.
After boarding is completed (exception: fuelling with passengers on board), cabin
attendants may leave the exit doors temporarily, but they must keep them in view to be
able to close them in due time.
In exceptional cases exit doors may be open without passenger air jetties/stairs or
catering vehicles docked. In such cases the exit doors must always be secured with
safety barrier straps and additionally occupied by a cabin attendant!
58
PREVENTIVE MEASURES WHILE CLOSING
In general, exit doors should be closed as long as passenger air jetties/stairs or catering
vehicles are still docked. If the structure of these vehicles does not permit, exit doors must
be closed immediately after undocking.
Removal of passenger air jetties/stairs or catering vehicles is principally permitted only in
agreement with the cabin attendant and the responsible ground personnel, and after
the exit door has been closed. The cabin attendant who has given order to remove the
passenger air jetty/stair shall remain at the closed exit door as long as either:
 The passenger air jetty/stair has been removed at least 2m
 Or an optical indication (e.g. safety barrier) will show the unsecured condition of the
passenger air jetty/stair.
When re-opening a closed exit door at which a passenger air jetty/stair is still positioned
(e.g. weather condition) Special Care Shall Be Taken.
If there is any doubt about the secured condition of the stair the crew should request a
new clearance from the stair operator.
A corresponding instruction is applicable for the ground personnel responsible for a
correct positioning of passenger air jetties/stairs or catering vehicles.

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Date: 01.01.2018
59
DOORS AND WINDOWS
In the cockpit there are two sliding windows on left and right, both can be used for
emergency escape and can only be opened by flight crew.
60
To open the cockpit window;
 Press the unlock button,
 Pull the control handle inward
 Slide the window to the aft
61
To close the cockpit window;
 Move aft the locking pin to unlock the window
 Slide window forward and move the window into its frame
 Push the control handle outward to lock the window
62
CABIN DOORS OPENING FROM INSIDE (A319/320/321)
 Check outside conditions
 Check slide arming lever in DISARMED position.
 Hold the assist handle and lift the control handle with other hand.
 Push the door outward
 Then move the door forward by using assist handle until it locks fully open position.
63
CABIN DOORS CLOSING FROM INSIDE (A319/320/321)
 Push the gust lock to release door
 And with the assist handle move the door rearwards into its frame.
 Pull the door in and lower the control handle.
 Check door locking indicator must be (green) LOCKED position which indicates
correct locking.
64
CABIN DOORS OPENING FROM OUTSIDE (A319/320/321)
 Push flap to grasp handle.
 Lift the control handle fully up to the horizantal green line.
 Pull the door outward and forward until it locks to fully open position.
 Slide arming control lever moves up to the DISARMED position which avoids
accidental slide deployment.
65
CABIN DOORS CLOSING FROM OUTSIDE (A319/320/321)
 Push the gust lock to unlock the door.
 Move the door towards the frame.
 Push it in and lower the control handle.
 The door will locked when the handle is settle the fuselage.
66
CABIN DOORS OPENING FROM INSIDE IN EMERGENCY (A319/320/321)
 Check outside conditions

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Date: 01.01.2018
 Check slide arming lever in ARMED position.

 Hold the assist handle and lift the control handle with other hand.
 Push the door outward
 Pull manual inflation handle.
67
OVERWING EXIT OPENING FROM INSIDE (A320)
 Check outside conditions.
 Remove the cover –White slide armed indicator illuminates immediately.
 Pull down the control handle and pull the exit top inwards.
 With free hand grasp the lower grip mould and lift the exit
 Throw it out away from the opening.
 Pull red manual inflation handle is on the frame- Slide deployment takes 4 seconds.
68
OVERWING EXIT OPENING FROM OUTSIDE (A320)
 Push the red cover to open
 Exit will move inward
 Throw it out away from the opening.
69
EMERGENCY EXIT OPENING FROM INSIDE (A320)
 Remove the cover on control handle
 Lift fully up through arrow way.
 Pull red manual inflation handle.
70
DECOMPRESSION
The interior of an aircraft is designed to provide a safe and comfortable environment for
passengers and crew. An aircraft normally cruises at an altitude of approximately 33,000
feet above sea level, though some flight paths may require an altitude exceeding 40,000
feet. Inside the aircraft, the cockpit and cabin are pressurized to provide a more normal
breathing environment, what you would feel at an altitude of approximately 8,000 feet.
A decompression occurs when the pressurized cabin sustains a leak, causing a rise in air
pressure. As the air pressure rises, the amount of oxygen in the air decreases. Even
though a person is breathing the same volume of air, there is less oxygen available. The
lack of oxygen causes hypoxia, and eventually death. All aircraft that fly over a certain
altitude must provide oxygen for passengers and crew, in the event of decompression.
71
SLOW DECOMPRESSION
A slow, or gradual, decompression is when the total loss of cabin pressure occurs in more
than 10 seconds. It is usually the result of a mechanical problem, such as an air leak or a
malfunction of the air conditioning system.
Signs of a slow decompression are discomfort in the ears, and/or passenger oxygen
masks dropping from the ceiling.
The effects of a slow decompression are not violent and there is no visible change in the
cabin environment.

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Date: 01.01.2018
Sizzling noise at the respective spot and noticeable decrease of cabin pressure can be
indication of slow decompression. As a crewmember, you should inform cockpit and
purser immediately and reseat passengers if necessary.
72
RAPID DECOMPRESSION
A rapid decompression is a total loss of cabin pressure in one to 10 seconds. This is usually
the result of a tear in the fuselage.
Signs of a rapid decompression include a sudden decrease in cabin temperature, and/or
an explosive noise followed by rapid movement of air, possibly with fog and flying debris.
Humans will experience a rapid expansion of gas found naturally in the body, most
noticeably in the ears and gastrointestinal tract.
An emergency descent will be initiated after a rapid decompression. Principally the
emergency descent will be announced by cockpit crew as:
‘Emergency descent’ or 3 Chime
73
Indications
 Loud sizzling noise or even explosion-like bang.
 Appearance of oxygen masks.
 Fog forming in cabin (not to be confused with smoke).
 Air becoming cold and thin.
 Rising of dust and loose objects.
 Pain in ears and sinuses.
 Need to breathe rapidly.
The initiation of an emergency descent is a phase where considerable acceleration
forces and heavy changes in flight attitude of the aircraft may occur. Great danger of
injuries may take place. The emergency descent from maximum operating altitude takes
about 5 minutes, if unrestricted by terrain clearance.
74
DECOMPRESSION PROCEDURES
COCKPITCREW RESPONSIBILITIES
If Cabin altitude rising cannot be stopped and continue to rise,
Done oxygen mask
Make sure interphone is connected and positive communication is available.
Emergency Descent procedures conducted
If the cabin altitude reaches 14.000 feet deploy passenger masks
75
ANNOUNCEMENTS FROM COCKPIT TO CABIN
‘EMERGENCY DECENT’ or ‘3 CHIME’; this announcement shall be made if you initiate
Emergency Decent.
‘KEEP MASKS ON’; this announcement shall be made if you level of higher than 10.000
feet due to Minimum Enroute Altitude.
‘MASKS OFF’; if you can stop cabin altitude increases at safe altitude to maintain
sufficient oxygen for passengers or when you level off 10,000 feet or lower.
76

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Date: 01.01.2018
CABIN CREW RESPONSIBILITIES

If there is any doubt about suspicious situations that may cause cabin pressure changes,
immediately inform cockpit crew.
Cabin crew should secure themselves first, before helping passenger.
77
HYPOXIA
The result of decompression on the body is called Hypoxia. Hypoxia is a condition of
oxygen deficiency in the blood and body tissue that can lead to incapacitation and in
extreme cases, death.
Initial signs of Hypoxia include:
 Increased breathing rate, also known as ‘air hunger’.
 Dizziness.
 Feelings of warmth or tingling.
 Hot/cold flashes with headache.
 Nausea.
 Euphoria.
 Mental confusion.
 Poor judgment.
 Loss of muscle coordination.
More importantly, Hypoxia can create a false sense of well being, further eroding the
ability to assess your own symptoms or level of impairment. In most cases, the initial signs
of Hypoxia are subtle. You may have a very short time in which to recognize the signs of
decompression, make decisions and perform necessary life-saving procedures. This is
why a slow, or gradual, decompression is especially dangerous. You may not feel the
effects of hypoxia until you are past the point of making rational decisions or physically
acting on those decisions.
78
TIME OF USEFUL CONSCIOUSNESS
The amount of time from the beginning of a decompression until your ability to perform
tasks has lost is known as the ‘time of useful consciousness’, or TUC. TUC can vary from a
few seconds to several minutes; depending on the cabin altitude and how quickly it
increases. The chart below gives the TUC for specific aircraft altitudes:
Altitude TUC
25,000 Feet 3 – 5 minutes
28,000 Feet 2.5 – 3 minutes
30,000 Feet 1 – 2 minutes
35,000 Feet 30 seconds – 1 minutes
40,000 Feet 15 – 20 seconds
43,000 Feet 9 – 12 seconds

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Date: 01.01.2018
Additionally, in a rapid decompression occurring at 30,000 feet and above, the average
TUC is reduced by 1/3 to ½ of its original value.
79
OXYGEN SYSTEM
All Airbus aircraft are fitted with three separate oxygen systems. These systems are
namely; Cockpit, Passenger, and Portable. These systems are designed to provide
sufficient breathing oxygen in cases of decompression, smoke or toxic gases in the
cockpit and cabin.
The description and operation of these systems are covered in this section of the course.
80
COCKPIT FIXED OXYGEN SYSTEM
The cockpit system is supplied by one, or two if installed in the aircraft, oxygen cylinders
located in the lower left-hand fuselage. Additionally, if installed, there is the ability to
have these cylinders recharged externally when on the ground.
The cylinders are connected to a pressure regulator to reduce the pressure from a
nominal 1850psi to a usable pressure for breathing and is distributed to 3 or 4 full-face
quick-donning masks, one for each seat. These are conveniently located at each seat
position in the cockpit. Distribution of the supply can be shut-off by use of the supply
solenoid valve pushbutton on the overhead panel.
The operation for use of the quick donning masks is done by squeezing the red grips on
the mask to pull it from the holder. This initiates the filling of the mask's harness. A regulator
on the mask can supply oxygen in three different modes. NORMAL flow, which is a mixture
of cabin air and oxygen at cabin altitude, or 100% oxygen flow. It can also produce a
positive oxygen flow in the emergency pressure control mode. In which the mask will
provide over-pressurized 100% oxygen.
The mask's storage holder has a quick-disconnect microphone lead for connection to
the appropriate mask. Additionally it has a RESET/TEST slider to check the oxygen system
or to reset the system to turn it off after use. This also disconnects the microphone system
from the mask. The unit has a 'blinker' to verify oxygen flow and an 'OXY ON' flag when
the left flap door is pressed denoting the mask is being supplied with oxygen.
81
Use of the controls on the mask are:
 Red Grips – used for unlocking mask from storage box and activates inflation of the
harness.
 Place the mask over the head and release the levers. The harness will hold the mask
over the face.
 Emergency Pressure Selector – initiates over-pressure of mask's oxygen which
eliminates condensation and prevents smoke, ash and fumes from entering the
mask. Pressing the knob produces over-pressure for a few seconds and turning the
knob will produce continuous over-pressure. Overpressure is automatically
produced when cabin altitude is over 30,000'.
 N/100% – this button is automatically set to 100% pushing up on the button selects N
or normal oxygen, or cabin air with oxygen. Pressing the button again will return the

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Date: 01.01.2018
oxygen flow to 100%. Please note that the masks visor may be covered with a
protective plastic film. If so, this film may be removed at any time.
82
PASSENGER OXYGEN SYSTEM
The passenger fixed oxygen system supplies breathing oxygen to occupants of the cabin
in case of decompression. The oxygen is supplied by chemical generators that feed
groups of 2 up to 6 masks depending on the aircraft model. The masks and generators
are contained as units above seating, in the lavatories, in each galley, and at cabin crew
stations.
Each unit contains an electrical locking system that opens automatically if the cabin
altitude exceeds 14,000 feet (operation occurs between 13,500' and 14,000') This
automation can be overridden by the flight crew.
When masks are released, an automatic pre-recorded PA announcement is played, if
installed, on how to use the masks. When the mask is pulled in the direction of the seat
the chemical oxygen generators start to supply oxygen to the masks. The generators
supply between 15 and 22 minutes of positive pressure oxygen depending on the type
of airbus aircraft.
Please note that the oxygen generators produce a great amount of heat and the smell
of burning, smoke in the cabin, and an increase in cabin temperature is to be expected.
The system can be reset and masks restowed for re-arming. As well there is a manual
release tool available for manually opening the mask containers if an electrical
malfunction occurs during the deployment of the masks.
The oxygen panel in the cockpit indicates PASSENGER SYS ON in white when activated.
Additionally it has a guarded manual deployment pushbutton marked MASK MAN ON to
activate the passenger oxygen system manually. It's normal position indicates AUTO. The
system is reset via maintenance personnel.
83
PORTABLE O2 EQUIPMENT
Besides PBE's the cabin is equipped with portable oxygen cylinders. This is for emergency
first aid for passengers and as well as supplementary oxygen for cabin crew. The cylinder
has a nominal pressure of 1800psi.
To operate the the oxygen cylinder turn the ON-OFF valve to ON. The mask is connected
to the continuous flow outlet. The flow of oxygen to the mask is ascertained when the
green flow indicator is visible at the bottom of the reservoir bag. The bag also inflates
when oxygen is flowing.
84
EVACUATION PROCEDURES
Travelling by air is a safe and convenient form of transportation. Even though in flight
emergencies are rare, especially those resulting in an evacuation, it is imperative that
crewmembers are familiar with all emergency procedures.
Every evacuation is a risky procedure and should be performed only when absolutely
necessary! The knowledge about opening of emergency exits, handling of emergency
slides, procedures and responsibilities must be available at all times. Principally there is a
possibility for panic reaction amongst passengers. This has to be avoided by immediate

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Date: 01.01.2018
and rigorous action of cabin attendants. During evacuation it must be expected that
only emergency exit lights are available.
If an emergency situation requires an immediate evacuation, it can be performed
according to the following principles:
 Without any preparation (for example during boarding)
 Without specific, but after routine preparation (after passenger briefing)
 After specific preparation in accordance with the following procedures.
Evacuation may be necessary because of problems developed in flight.
The preparation phase shall include crew, passengers and ground preparations.
85
COMMENCING EVACUATION
The order to evacuate is principally given by the commander. All emergency commands
including possible limitations shall be given to cabin.
EVACUATION ORDERS
The following orders shall be given by cockpit crew.
 Cabin crew at stations
 Brace for impact
 Evacuate from … exits
 Cabin crew and passengers keep your seats
 In case of P/A is not working
 3 chime
 Flashing fasten seat belt
86
CABIN CREW AT STATIONS
This command should be given in all emergencies that may lead to an evacuation as
early as cockpit activities allow that is to say after the aircraft has come to a complete
stop.
It shall alert the cabin crew on the ground to proceed their responsible exits and wait
further commands from cockpit. Because of cockpit activities, there may be a relative
long time before further commands can be given.
This alert phase should be used by the cabin attendants to:
 Unfasten seat-belts
 Stand up
 Check door mode
 Check outside condition from the door or cabin window
 Assess situation inside and outside the cabin
 Mental preparations; by reminding how to open the door, commands , take the
best position for an evacuation on allocated door
 Calm down passengers
 Reminding crowd control techniques etc.
The situation inside and outside the cabin shall be observed carefully. Life threatening
situations like fire, black smoke, obstacles shall be immediately reported to cockpit via

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Date: 01.01.2018
interphone. The position should be told first and then short, precise information about the
situation should be given:
For example: ‘1L (Name), fire in front of the door 1L!’
Note: The command ‘Cabin crew at stations’ can only be given on ground.
87
BRACE FOR IMPACT
In case of any possible impact, this command shall be given from cockpit to cabin 30 to
60 seconds before impact. All cabin crew and passengers should be in safety position.
88
EVACUATE FROM ... EXITS
Evacuation must be started immediately after this command.
If due to specific circumstances the Commander cannot declare all exits free for the
evacuation he/she shall indicate the exit which will be used for evacuation.
If the command ‘Passenger Evacuation’ is not given by the commander due to
incapacitation there is absolutely no doubt that the aircraft must be evacuated because
destruction of the aircraft, fire in cabin or fire during fueling, the purser shall give the order
to evacuate.
If for any reason the purser does not give the command due to incapacitation, injury or
other reasons the cabin attendants shall start the EVACUATION on their own discretion
and control.
After a ditching the evacuation must be started immediately by cabin attendants as
soon as the aircraft comes to rest regardless of a cockpit order.
Skidding off the runway during landing, without visual damage to the aircraft will not
always lead to an evacuation.
Each evacuation should be initiated as quick as possible after the aircraft has come to
completely stopped, using all possibility at hand to get passengers without hand luggage
in a safe distance from the aircraft.
89
CABIN CREW AND PASSENGERS KEEP YOUR SEATS
As a cockpit crew, if you decide not to evacuate or any delay for evacuation, this
command shall be given from cockpit to cabin.
IN CASE OF P/A IS NOT WORKING
If the P/A is not working use the following visual alert to inform the cabin.
3 CHIME
3 chime means that the aircraft is in emergency condition. Purser should proceed the
cockpit and all cabin crewmembers should proceed their assigned positions.
FLASHING FASTEN SEAT BELT
Flashing fasten seat belt has the same meaning as ‘Brace for impact’ while flying and
the same meaning as ‘Evacuate’ on the ground.
90
COCKPIT EVACUATION PROCEDURES
Cockpit Duties in an Evacuation:

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Date: 01.01.2018
 There are no specific regulations for cockpit crews in an evacuation. Cockpit crew
should try and help whenever needed, ensure complete evacuation of the cabin is
achieved, leave the aircraft last through the cabin and take up command outside.
 All portable equipment stowed in cockpit should be taken if an evacuation has
been performed in scarcely populated areas.
 In case of a ditching, cockpit crew should board different slide, if possible.
91
UNPREPARED EVACUATION
According to ICAO DOC 7192 AN/ 857 Part E, Most emergencies take place without
warning. Crew members must always be alert and mentally prepared for unexpected
emergencies. Aggressive and professional leadership by cabin attendants during any
emergency situation is a major factor which significantly improves the chances of survival
in an emergency situation.
This type of evacuation can be performed without any preparation face. All
crewmember have to mentally prepared themself during ‘critic 11 minutes, which are 3
minutes after take-off and 8 minutes before landing.
92
PREPARED EVACUATION
 For an emergency landing/ditching extensive safety precautions for passengers
and crew must be performed in order to handle expected problems (hard landing,
crash, damaged aircraft).
 Close cooperation between cockpit and cabin crew and proper information to all
concerned is essential for a successful emergency operation.
Prepared Emergency Landing/Ditching
After the call via PA:
‘C/C REPORT TO COCKPIT’
The Purser must answer the call immediately and be ready in the cockpit for briefing.
The commander briefing will include the following items:
 Type of emergency
 Time remaining for cabin preparation
 Exits availability
 Re-seating of passengers if possible (due to danger area, trim reasons)
93
CABIN PREPARATION
 A cabin preparation does not necessarily lead to an evacuation in every case, but
precautions must be taken for the worst case situation.
 In case of commencing evacuation, cabin attendants will initiate the action after
‘Passenger Evacuation' by shouting commands to passengers
In an emergency condition, it is essential for the crew to calm down passengers by self-
assured behavior and given clear and precise instructions
 Cabin preparation is performed in accordance with the ‘Cabin Preparation
Procedure’ to ensure a smooth completion.
 Pre-formulated announcements to the cabin preparation are laid down in the
Emergency Announcement Book.

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94
Briefing of Cabin Attendants
 After purser has received briefing from cockpit, it is his/her responsibility to decide
what further actions shall be conducted in the cabin.
 The purser shall take a few minutes time to make her/his personal mental
preparation.
 Thereafter he/she will inform the cabin attendants about the situation either face to
face or via interphone.
Explanation of the Cabin Preparation Procedure
 Cabin lights will be turned to full bright in order to attract the attention of the
passengers.
Information to the Passengers
 The commander informs passengers about the situation.
 It is important to confirm the time of the passenger announcement so that the purser
can inform cabin attendants before passengers are being informed by cockpit.
95
DEFINITION OF USABLE AND UNUSABLE EXIT
Usable Exit
 Outside condition is free of any obstacle, fire, black smoke
 Exit is opened
 Slide is inflated
 Exit is suitable for an effective evacuation
 Evacuation performs without delay
Unusable Exit
 Exit can not be opened due to mechanical failure/serviceability
 Slide does not inflate
 Hazard outside
96
DEFINITION OF DRIED UP EXIT
 Exit is opened
 Slide is inflated
 Suitable for evacuation but passengers are not evacuating
97
CROWD CONTROL
As a commander of flight, the following items can be explained to cabin crew in pre-
flight briefing
 Crowd control techniques will prevent actions which may lead to panic, injuries,
fatalities
 All instructions to passengers should be short, concise and direct delivered in a firm,
positive and authoritative manner.
 Use the flashlight to attract attention at night/in dense smoke.
 Use assist handle to secure yourself and make sure that you do not block the
evacuation route.

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Date: 01.01.2018
 It has been shown that during emergency situations, the separation of family groups
has caused problems.
 During evacuation family members have attempted to find each other, rather than
to evacuate the aircraft. This has the potential to reduce the speed of passenger
flow to exits.
 Children accompanied by adults should be seated in the same seat row as the adult
they are traveling with. If it is not possible, children should be separated by not more
than one seat row from accompanying adults.
98
REFUELING
GENERAL
The following item shall be considered during refuelling
 If GPU is stopped during refuelling; restarting is only allowed when refuelling is
stopped and sufficient time is passed.
 Ensure that grounding is completed before starting refuelling.
 Ensure that refuelling line is clear, connected to refuelling point in a shortest distance
from refuelling track.
 Ensure that refuelling line at least 1 meter separated from landing gear brake units.
 Smoking is strictly prohibited in the vicinity.
 Do not change any electronic devices condition like ON to OFF or OFF to ON.
 Existence of any vehicles, tracks other than the refuelling track is prohibited in
ventilation areas.
 Loading cargo or baggage is prohibited if sufficient grounding is not completed.
Any cargo or baggage equipment without grounding should wait until refuelling is
completed.
 Existence of fuel on the ground because of leakage or some other reason shall be
cleaned by trained ground staff.
 Existence of thunderstorm during refuelling can cause unexpected fire, ensure that
refuelling is stopped and disconnected all lines from the aircraft and refuelling track
has left the area. Refuelling can start after passing thunderstorm.
 Other than the weather radar and HF can be used during pressure refuelling. Ensure
that HF and weather radar are turned OFF during pressure refuelling.
 If any unexpected emergency occurs during refuelling, immediately stop refuelling
and evacuation shall be commenced.
 The decision of types of evacuation as controlled disembarkation or emergency
evacuation shall be made by cockpit crewmembers.
99
REFUELING WITH PASSENGERS ONBOARD
In some cases ‘Commander’ can decide refuelling or defueling when passengers are
onboard. The following items shall be taken in to consideration.
 Refuelling or defueling is prohibited if the fuel type is AVGAS and wide cut like Jet B
or equal type fuel or any mixture of these type of fuel with passengers are onboard.

Ref: C-OL- AC42

Date: 01.01.2018
 One of the cockpit crew shall be inside the cabin.

 Ensure that two way communication available between cockpit and ground staff
by interphone or any other equipment during refuelling or defueling.
 Main entrance door is open, stairs or air jetties have been positioned and a
technician is available.
 Commander can request an additional stair to aft cabin door. If additional stair is
not available aft cabin door should be in ‘FLIGHT’ position.
 Inform ATC and make sure the fire track is available in the area of the aircraft before
starting refuelling or defueling.
 All cabin crew and passengers shall be informed about refuelling or defueling.
 In case of evacuation, Seat Belt Sing is OFF, No Smoking Sing is ON and all interior
lighting should be ON, during refuelling or defueling.
 Passengers should be informed, smoking is strictly prohibited and all passengers shall
be stay in their seats without fasten seat belt.
 Ensure, at least one of crew member should be in front of main entrance and all
other exits should be secured and ready for immediate evacuation.
 Immediately stop refuelling or defueling if any doubt for vaporising the fuel into the
cabin.
 Equipment of fuel track shall not be blocked any evacuation area.
 Do not change any electronic devices condition like ON to OFF or OFF to ON. This
information shall be given to passengers.
 In some exceptional cases, Commander can decide refuelling or defueling during
boarding. In this case, Commander should ensure all items taken into consideration.
100
REFUELING WITH ENGINE RUNNING
Refuelling or defueling is strictly prohibited existence of passengers or cabin
crewmembers onboard with the engine running.
101
End of the course

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Ref: C-OL- AC42

AIRBUS 320 SERIES Page: 1/28

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 Press the trigger

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 Take out hood and

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 May be used to handle aggressive materials such as chemicals (dangerous goods)

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EMERGENCY MEDICAL KIT

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 Pull down battery activation handle to activate position light.

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 If the fire source is discovered, fight immediately

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 Check slide arming lever in ARMED position.

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CABIN CREW RESPONSIBILITIES

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