-it is more real than what you think

A thick blanket of smog hovers over Metro Manila. Smog is caused by a mixture of gasses, such as carbon monoxide,
surface ozone and VOCs or volatile oraganic compounds. An excellent example of VOCs are halogenoalkanes, which
is very common more than you think of. PHOTO BY JAY DIRECTO, AFP,01/01/2013 01:55 PM

APPLICATIONS OF
Halogenoalkanes
?
WHAT ARE HALOGENOALKANES?
Halogenoalkanes, or haloalkanes or
IN Industry
IN FOCUS:
alkyl halides are alkanes with one or HALOGENS
more hydrogens replaced by a halogen atom.
atom
HFCs The six elements in Group VII of the

CFC
greenhouse ozone
gas safe periodic table forms diatomic molecules
s greenhouse
gas
ozone
destroyer HYDROfluorocarbons and negatively charged ions. Disregarding
chlorofluorocarbons these are alkanes contain hydrogen and astatine, because of the
commonly known as Freon™ only hydrogen and fluorine different chemistry and reactivity, the
these are alkanes with chlorine attached to carbon; since they don’t remaining four elements, fluorine,
and fluorine atoms attached, are non- contain any chlorine, they have zero chlorine, bromine, and iodine, are referred

toxic and non-flammable, and are effect on the ozone layer to as halogens ( from the Greek hals,
“salt”, and gennan, “to generate”) because
largely responsible for the depletion COMMON HCFCs IN INDUSTRY of ability to form salts.
of the ozone layer CH2F2 C2H5F C2H2F4
FIVE main CFCS used in industry (HCFC-32) (HCFC-134a) (HCFC-161)

CCl3F
(CFC-11)
CCl2F2
(CFC-12)
COMMON USE OF HCFCs
HCFCs greenhouse
gas
ozone
safe
HYDROchlorofluorocarbons
C2Cl2F4 these are alkanes which
(CFC-114) contain hydrogen as well
refrigerant CFC insecticide as halogen atoms, and have been
C2Cl3F3 C2ClF5 replacement introduced to replace CFCs; much
(CFC-113) (CFC-115)
OTHER APPLICATIOns of of them is destroyed in the low
COMMON USE OF CFCs halogenoalkanes in industry atmosphere and doesn’t reach the
ozone layer
COMMON HCFCs IN INDUSTRY
PVC pipes fire(perchloromethylene)
(polyvinyl chloride)
extinguisher dry cleaning
(tetrachloromethane) CHClF2 C2HCl2F3 C2H3Cl2F
(HCFC-22) (HCFC-123) (HCFC-141b)
aerosols refrigerant foams COMMON USE OF HCFCs
Styrofoam
(polystyrene)
TM
anesthetics
(halothane)

air conditioning degreasing agent solvents electronics cleaner Teflon refrigerant CFC aerosols TM
(perchloromethylene) (perfluoroheptane) (polytetrafluoroethylene) replacement
INFORMATION SOURCES: https://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/haloalkanes/uses.html ; https://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/haloalkanes/uses.html ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haloalkane ; https://prezi.com/a7o-
9msifajv/the-use-of-cfcs-and-ddt-and-its-unforeseen-consequences/; https://pt.slideshare.net/sureshss141/functional-groups-and-haloalkanes-power-point-presentation/4?smtNoRedir=1 ; http://kaneeldias.expertscolumn.com/article/uses-
halogenoalkanes ; https://byjus.com/chemistry/physical-properties-of-haloalkanes/ ; https://sciencestruck.com/alkyl-halides-properties-uses ; GRAPHICS SOURCE: flaticons.com ; icons8.com ; iconfinder.com