GSM Traffic Statistics Analysis

ZTE university
Course Target

„ When you finish studying this course，you can：

z Master ZTE traffic statistic
z Master the meaning of parameter items of common-
used traffic statistic
z Master the methods to analyze and position the
problems making use of traffic statistic
Contents

„ ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview

„ Definitions Of Main Traffic Statistic Parameters
„ Position And Analyze Problems Making Use Of
Traffic Statistic
„ Traffic Statistic Analysis Cases
ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview--The Function Of
Traffic Statistic Analysis

Optimization Traffic statistic

Data collection analysis
method
z Know network performance
Radio Network index
Optimization
z Provide clients with
Light
adjustment quantitative service guidelines
optimization
solution and
method z Monitor network performance
evaluation
implementation z Position and analyze network
problems
z Improve network running
quality
ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview--ZTE Traffic Statistic
Introduce

Traffic
statistic

Alarm Performance Measurement

statistic index statistic

CS traffic Resource
BTS Radio A interface PS traffic
basic seizure
measurement measurement measurement measurement
measurement measurement
ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview-- Traffic Statistic
Index
„ Original traffic „ Synthetical traffic
statistic index statistic index
z SDCCH congestion rate z Traffic-to-drop ratio
z SDCCH assignment z Worst cell ratio
success rate
z TCH assignment success
z SDCCH call drop rate rate (China Union definition)
z TCH congestion rate z Radio connection rate
z TCH assignment
success rate
z TCH call drop rate
z Handover success rate
z Random access success
rate
z Paging success rate
(correlative index)
Contents

„ ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview

„ Definitions Of Main Traffic Statistic Parameters
„ Position And Analyze Problems Making Use Of
Traffic Statistic
„ Traffic Statistic Analysis Cases
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators --
SDCCH blocking rate

KPI name SDCCH blocking rate

Number of SDCCH blockings*100%/Number of SDCCH
definition
call attempts
(C900060005+C900060011+C900060039)*
V3 (6.20) 100%/(C900060003+C900060010+C90006
0038)
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators --
Signaling statistical point of SDCCH blocking
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators -- TCH
blocking rate

KPI name TCH blocking rate

Number of TCH blockings *100%/ Number of TCH call

Definition
attempts

(C900060020+C900060031+C900060043+C90
0060047)*100%
V3 (6.20)
/(C900060019+C900060030+C900060042+C9
00060046)
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators --
Signaling statistical point of TCH blocking

MS BTS BSC MSC

ASS_CMD

B1
CHL_ACT
CHL_ACT_ACK

B2
ASS_CMD
ASS_CMD
SABM
UA EST_IND

B3
ASS_COM
ASS_COM

B4
ASS_COM
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators --TCH
assignment success rate
KPI name TCH assignment success rate
Number of TCH assignment successes*100/(Number of TCH
Definition
assignment successes + Number of TCH assignment failures)
((C900060028+C900060036+C900060199+C9000
60210+
C900060017+C900060235)*100/(C900060028+
C900060036+C900060199+C900060210+C90006
V3 (V6.20)
0017
+C900060235+C900060029+C900060037+C9000
60200+
C900060211+C900060018+C900060135)
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Signaling
statistical point of TCH assignment success rate

MS BTS BSC MSC

ASS_CMD

B1
CHL_ACT
CHL_ACT_ACK

B2
ASS_CMD
ASS_CMD
SABM
UA EST_IND

B3
ASS_COM
ASS_COM

B4
ASS_COM
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics -- Signaling
statistical point of TCH assignment failure

MS sends Assignment Failure

to BSC after the assignment
fails.

After T3107 expires, BSC

counts assignment failure
for one time.
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics --TCH call drop
rate

KPI name TCH drop rate / Call drop rate

Number of TCH call drops*100%/Number of TCH assignment

Definition
successes

(C900060054+C900060055)*100/(C900060028+C
V3 (V6.20) 900060036
+C900060199+C900060210)
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators—
Signaling statistical point of radio call drops

MSC BSC BTS Ms

Measure Report

Measure Result

Clear Request
Connection failure
(Radio Interface
A1
Failure)
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators—Signaling
statistical point of call drops due to handovers
MS BTS:TRX BSC MS Old BTS: New BTS BSC

CHANNEL ACT
CHANNEL ACTIVATE
CHANNEL ACT ACK
CHANNEL ACTIVATE ACK
A1
A1 HANDOVER COMMAND HANDOVER COMMAND
SET T8
ASSIGNMENT COMMAND
SET T3107

T8 Timeout

T3107 A2
Timeout
A2

Call drop due to intra-cell handover Call drop due to inter-BSC handover
MS Old BTS: New BTS BSC

CHANNEL ACT
The signaling statistical point for
CHANNEL ACT ACK call drops due to all kinds of
HANDOVER COMMAND HANDOVER COMMAND
A1 handovers is A2, which means
SET T3103
after the timer expires due to
T3103 handover failure, BSC clears the
Timeout

A2 channels and counts one time of

Call drop due to inter-BSC handover call drop due to handover failure.
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics --TCH handover
success rate

KPI name Handover success rate

Number of busy-hour handover successes*100%/ Number of busy-hour
Definition
handover requests

(C900060098+C900060102+C900060120)*100/(C90006
0097
V3 (V6.20) +C900060213+C900060214+C900060215+C900060099
+
C900060100+C900060101+C900060216+C900060119)
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators -- Signaling
statistical point of TCH handover success rate
MS BTS BSC MSC

MEAS_REP
MEAS_RES

C1
CHL_ACT
CHL_ACT_ACK

C2
ASS_CMD
ASS_CMD
SABM
UA EST_IND
ASS_COM
ASS_COM

C3
HO_PREFORM

The signaling statistical point of intra-cell handover request is C1, and that
of handover success is C3, which means Assign Complete message is
received by BSC after the handover is completed successfully.
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators --Signaling
statistical point of TCH handover success rate

The signaling statistical point of intra-BSC handover request is A4,

which means the message received by BSC is incoming handover
request. The signaling statistical point of handover success is A6,
which means the Handover Complete message is received after the
handover is completed successfully.
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators -- Signaling
statistical point of TCH handover success rate
MS BTS BSC MSC

HO_REQ

D1
CHL_ACT
CHL_ACT_ACK

D2
HO_REQ_ACK
HO_ACCESS
HO_DETECT
PHY_INFO
HO_DETECT
SABM
UA
HO_COM
HO_COM

D3
HO_COM

The signaling statistical point of inter-BSC handover request is D1,

which means the handover request message sent by MSC is received.
The signaling statistical point of handover success is D3, which
represents that Handover Complete message is received.
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators -- DL
TBF establishment success rate

KPI name DL TBF establishment success rate

（Number of GPRS DL signaling TBF establishment + Number of
GPRS DL data TBF establishment + Number of EGPRS DL signaling
Definition
TBF establishment + Number of EGPRS DL data TBF establishment ）
*100% / Number of DL packet channel requests （V3）

(C900040007+C900040015+C900040008+C900040016
)*100/
V3 (V6.20) (C900040141+C900040142+C900040143+C900040144
+
C900040145+C900040146+C900040147+C900040148)
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators -- Signaling
statistical point of DL TBF establishment success rate
MS BSC SGSN
LLC Frame
RLC Block
LLC Frame
RLC Block
RLC Block（FBI＝1）
Start T3193

LLC Frame
Packet Downlink Assignment
A

Statistical point of DL TBF establishment before Statistical point of DL TBF establishment with
T3192 expires: A existing resource: A

Statistical point of DL TBF establishment on the PACCH of UL

TBF: A2
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators—UL
TBF establishment success rate

KPI name UL TBF establishment success rate

（Number of GPRS UL signaling TBF establishment + Number of

GPRS UL data TBF establishment + Number of EGPRS UL signaling
Definition
TBF establishment + Number of EGPRS UL data TBF establishment ）
*100% / Number of UL packet channel requests （V3）

(C900040025+C900040033+C900040026+C900040034)*1
00/(C900040159+C900040160+C900040161+C900040168
V3 (V6.20)
+
C900040163+C900040164+C900040165+C900040166)
Definitions Of Key Traffic Statistics Indicators—Signaling
statistical point of UL TBF establishment success rate

UL TBF establishment consists of two modes: one-phase access (left

figure) and two-step access (right figure); the statistical point of access
success is A1.
Contents

„ ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview

„ Definitions Of Main Traffic Statistic Parameters
„ Position And Analyze Problems Making Use Of
Traffic Statistic
„ Traffic Statistic Analysis Cases
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics-- Traffic Statistic Analysis Content

Call Drop Problems

Analysis

TCH congestion Handover problem

problems analysis analysis

Traffic Statistic
Analysis Content
SDCCH congestion TCH assignment
problems analysis problems analysis

SDCCH assignment
problems analysis
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

„ Whole Principle of Traffic Statistic Analysis

z Whole Principle：From whole problem to the particular problem, from one-
day network index observation to one-week network index, from single
index to their correlation, from the key cells to subordinate cells.
z Before Traffic Statistic Analysis：Collect overall data, including all kinds of
performance reports and measurement data, and need to know such basic
information as networking structure.
z Carry out Traffic Statistic Analysis ：Based on the principle of “grasp the
situation macroscopically, handle it microscopically” and characteristics of
traffic statistic data, traffic statistic analysis is a process from the whole
network performance measurements to the cells performance
measurements, and a gradual process from the main index to
subordinate index. It analyzes network performance index first, with a clear
grasp of the whole network index, then determines which index are worse,
finally analyzes the main cells which cause worse index.
z Combine with other network optimization tools：During traffic statistic
analyzing, it needs to combine with other network optimization tools to
position and analyze problems.
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

„ TOP Analyze Method

z Description of TOP 10 Method: Use data sort and filter functions of
EXCEL or other software tools to sort each data from bad to good.
Thus facilitate connecting each data ,finding the rules and locating
problems more easily.
z Carry out studying and contrastive analysis on the sub-item’s
statistic function of BSC-level traffic statistic report.
z If certain important index (such as call drop rate、successful
handover rate) are found abnormal in BSC-level traffic statistic
report, then carry out cell-level traffic statistic to analyze its more
detailed content.
z Check the cells which single index is abnormal and has more
absolute times of failure (call drop、congestion、handover failure,
etc) .
z Combine the two parameters, percentage and absolute times of
failure (call drop、congestion、handover failure, etc), to decide
whether it needs to adopt further measures.
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics--Traffic Statistic Analysis General Idea
BSC Level
Report

CELL Level
Report

High Call
Drop Rate

CS Basic Service Carrier Frequency Cell Radio

Alarm Information
Measurement Service Measurement Measurement

High Congestion 话统分析总体思路

Rate

CS Basic Service Radio Access Cell Radio

Alarm Information
Measurement Measurement Measurement

High Handover
Failure Rate

Handover Reason Handover CommonAdjacent Cell Handover CS Basic Service

Alarm Information
Measurement Measurement Measurement Measurement
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics--Traffic Statistic Analysis General Idea
„ The other optimization methods
z DT：Simulate Subscriber make calls in moving state,
Analyze coverage、quality、handover、signaling.
z CQT：make a great deal of calls in different place
z Signaling Trace：Collecting signaling through signaling
tool or OMCR signaling trace function.
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics--Index Analysis Filter Method
First Commonness
Commonness Problems Second Individuality Individuality Problems

z Equipment z Handover
hardware problems problems
z Interference z Other radio

problems parameters
z Coverage problems
problems z 。。。
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic Statistics

„ Commonness factors lead to bad KPI

z Equipment hardware problems
z Interference problems
z Coverage problems
z Other factors
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics —Common Problems
TCH call drop

Equipment
hardware

Handover

SDCCH / TCH
Interference
blocking

SDCCH
assignment

Coverage

TCH
assignment
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics--Common Problems
„ Equipment Hardware Problems
Traffic
Traffic Statistic
Statistic Analysis
Analysis
zCELL performance report：SDCCH
and TCH usable rate abnormal，<
100%，High TCH assignment failure
rate ，especially > 10%；
zBTS measurement：position call drop
and assignment failure of TRX level；
zAlarm statistic: find hardware
problems；
zDynamic channel observation：
carrier frequency occupying
abnormally；
zNMS measurement：SDCCH/TCH
channel occupation time；
zCheck clock problems；
zMonitor transmission ：find
transmission problems；
Method
Method of
of Position
Position and
and Resolve
Resolve
z The hardware problems of transmission
error code and stability 、REPEATER self-
excitation、tower top amplifier yawp etc. .
z Target cell channel activation NACK or
TIMEOUT；
z High group link call drop times；
z Synchronize CLOCK；
z Position range of hardware problems
according to left analysis，judging
whether TRX , CMM and TIC problem,
whether power of power amplifier too low,
combiner, divider, REPEATER problem
etc..
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics--Common Problems
„ Interference
Traffic
Traffic Statistic
Statistic Analysis
Analysis
z CELL traffic statistic：Analyze
interference bands level
z CS basic measurement：Analyze
discipline of interference bands appears：
change with time and traffic capacity
z BTS measurement：Position TRX level
interference bands；
z Handover reason measurement：The
ratio of UL/DL RQ handover to all
handover；
z Cell radio measurement：Analyze
level and quality status of cells.
z Abis interfaces signaling trace：
Analyze cells and TRXs with interference.
Method
Method of
of Position
Position and
and Resolve
Resolve
z Frequency check：Analyze inner
interference within same or adjacent
frequency point；
z Sweep frequency test：search external
interference；
z DT：Check interference and signal quality
status of the problem section ;
z Adjust BTS’s transmit power of correlative
cells、antenna downtilt or frequency point
etc. to avoid interference;
z Enable function of DTX，DPC etc. ;
z Resolve equipment problems (such as:
TRX board self-excitation、antenna
intermodulation).
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics-- Common Problems
„ Coverage Problems
Traffic
Traffic Statistic
Statistic Analysis
Analysis
zCell traffic statistic: Worse
UL/DL RQ and KPI;
z Power control performance
measurement: average of UL/DL
signal level is too low;
z Cell radio measurement:
Times of low RX-Level have
higher percentage;
z Handover reason
measurement: Times of rescue
UL/DL Rx-lev handover has
higher percentage;
Method
Method of
of Position
Position and
and Resolve
Resolve
z DT in weak coverage area;
zAdjust network parameters
according to DT result;
zBTS transmitting power, antenna
downtilt and height,
Rxlev_ACCESS_MIN_MS, the
neighbor relation,
RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN of handover
candidate cell.
zAdjust coverage, avoid over-
coverage、owe-coverage and alone
island phenomenon;
zAdd BTS.
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics--Call Drop Analysis
„ Call Drop Type
z Radio Link Failure call drop
z Handover Failure call drop
z LAPD call drop
 Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics--Call Drop Analysis

Analysis Frame
1 2 3 4 5
Confirm higher Confirm Confirm TRX level Analyze call drop Solve Call
call drop cell call drop type call drop factors drop problems

z BSC Level z CELL Level z BTS z Common z Traffic

statistic
performance report performance report measurement problems analysis
analysis
z CELL level z CS basic z Cell
radio z Signaling
performance report measurement measurement z Individuality analysis
problems
z Alarm statistic z Other
analysis
optimization
z Alarm analysis methods

z From whole to z Easy to position z Carrier frequency z First z Executeand

particular and analyze level commonness solve problems
then individuality
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics--Call Drop Analysis
‰ Common causes of call drop
Handover parameters
setting problems

Equipment hardware
UL/DL imbalance
problems

Call Drop
Setting of other
Interference parameters is
irrationality
Coverage Problems
Common Problems
already analyzed
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics--Call Drop Analysis
„ Improper setting of handover parameters
Traffic
Traffic Statistic
Statistic Analysis
Analysis Resolve
Resolve Methods
Methods

zCheck handover parameters, find zAdd neighbor relation in reason;

unreasonable parameters setting; zAdjust handover parameters.
zHandover common measurement,
check handover out failure status;
zHandover common measurement,
check handover reason and percents
of each kind of handover;
zAdjacent cell handover statistic
measurement: low success rate of
handover out （aim at certain cell），
find target cell with low handover
success rate and looking for cause;
zCS basic service measurement:
handover times/call times ＞3）
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics--Call Drop Analysis
‰ UL/DL Imbalance (Tower top amplifier、HPA、Antenna azimuth)
Traffic
Traffic Statistic
Statistic Analysis
Analysis Resolve
Resolve Methods
Methods

z CS basic service measurement: z Check tower top amplifier、CDU、

Analyze UL/DL Average_Rx_Lev;
z Abis interface signaling trace:
Analyze UL/DL Rx_Lev;
z Cell radio measurement: Analyze
UL/DL Rx_Lev distributing.
RDU、BTS boards and RF feeder;
z Check antenna feeder. Check antenna
azimuth and downtilt whether
according with design criterion;
check antenna feeder, jumper feeder
is connected rightly and connecters
are connected tightly, feeder is
undamaged, make sure standing
wave rate under normal range.
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics--Call Drop Analysis
‰ Improper setting of other parameters
Traffic
Traffic Statistic
Statistic Analysis
Analysis Resolve
Resolve Methods
Methods

z Check radio parameters: adjust z Amend irrational parameters.

irrational parameters;
z irrational RLT and Rx_lev_Min;
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics—Handover Problems Analysis
‰ Handover Analysis Idea

切换问题分析
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics—Handover Problems Analysis
„ General Analysis Idea
z Cells with handover problems: All cells or individual cell.
z Handover direction of problem cells : Handover out cell
failure or in cell handover failure;
z Object of handover failure: Between service cell and
multi-cell or individual cell.
MSC1 MSC2

BSC1 BSC2 BSC3

1 2 3
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics—Handover Problems Analysis
„ Checking Handover Index
z Check cells with lower handover success rate;
z Check cells with much handover failure times
z Analyze handover out/in failure times, find out main
factors of handover failure;
z Register out/in cells handover performance;
z Observe trait of handover failure: For all adjacent cells
or individual adjacent cell、all conditions or part
condition lower handover success rate.
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics—Handover Problems Analysis
„ Possible Factors influencing Handover Success
Rate Handover
Common Problems
already analyzed
Parameters
Irrationality

UL/DL Imbalance Coverage

Lead Low Handover
Success Rate

Equipment
Interference
Problem
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics—Handover Problems Analysis
‰ Improper setting of handover parameters

Traffic
Traffic Statistic
Statistic Analysis
Analysis Resolve
Resolve Methods
Methods

zCellperformance report: Low z Check PBGT、rescue handover etc.

handover success rate, more
handover failure times;
zBTS measurement: filter TRXs with
more handover failure times.
zBasicmeasurement: analyze every
handover factors percent, PBGT
handover percent too high or too low;
zHandover statistic handover: find out
two cells lead to handover failure.
handover level threshold, setting of
handover function switch whether correct.
z Result of handover times vs TCH call
occupation success times is disproportion.
If handover/call＞3，Ping-pong handover
exist in all probability, should check
handover parameters setting and adjust
(least time space of inter-cell, PBGT
HoLevThs etc.)
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics—Handover Problems Analysis
‰ Comprehensive analysis

Traffic
Traffic Statistic
Statistic Analysis
Analysis Resolve
Resolve Methods
Methods
z Performance report of cells level: target z Extend capacity of target cell or traffic
cell congestion; proportion;
z CS basic measurement: low handover in z Check hardware;
success rate, maybe handover in cell
z Adjust handover parameters;
hardware problems or has interference etc.;
z Optimize adjacent cells;
z Low handover success rate: maybe target
cell congestion or handover parameters
setting is irrationality;
z Check neighbor relation: whether have
omitted neighbor,single or redundant
neighbor;
z Check exterior cell: setting of exterior cell
parameters error.
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics—Handover Problems Analysis
„ Other
z After eliminate commonness problems, optimize
parameters of adjacent cells, analyze and resolve
UL/DL balance problems of adjacent cells,
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics-- Analysis Of TCH Blocking
‰ Possible causes of TCH blocking

Shortage of system
capacity or traffic
imbalance
Antenna and feeder
Interference system problem

TCH Blocking
Parameters setting
Coverage problem
problem
Data configuration

Common Problems problem

already analyzed
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics-- Analysis Of TCH Blocking
‰ Lack of system capacity or unbalanced traffic
Judging
Judging Method
Method
z Too high traffic capacity in TCH
(Traffic per channel>0.6)；
z Too much overflow times, system
busy for a long time;
z Traffic imbalance (three cells of one
BTS traffic imbalance, or several BTS
traffic imbalance;
z Analyze out serious congestion from
performance reports.
Solution
Solution
z Extend capacity, or adjust configuration
of busy and idle carrier cells;
z Adjust coverage (adjust transmit power
of BTS, antenna azimuth, downtilt,
height etc.);
z Adjust main parameters (CRO,
Rxlev_access_Min_MS, enable trafficHo
function);
z Adjust priority level and handover
parameters of cells.
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics-- Analysis Of TCH Blocking
‰ Antenna and feeder problem

Judging
Judging Method
Method Solution
Solution
z Frequency point scanning: results to z Check antenna azimuth, downtilt,
same frequency point through main connection of antenna and feeder
and secondary diversity antenna system.
measuring;
z Cell radio measurement: signal level,
quality disturbing;
z Signaling tracing: measurement report
analysis.
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics-- Analysis Of TCH Blocking
‰ Improper setting of parameters

Judging
Judging Method
Method Solution
Solution
z Performance statistics report: judging z Adjust irrationality parameters setting;
TCH congestion; z Solve problems.
z Alarm information statistic：BTS or
TRX problem;
z BTS measurement: check TRXs;
z Check parameters:
RxLev_Access_Min_MS, cell reselect
parameters.
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics-- Analysis Of SDCCH Blocking
„ Causes of SDCCH blocking
引起SDCCH
拥塞率高的几
Parameters problem
Interference
个主要因素：

SDCCH Congestion

Capacity LAC Partition

Common Problems
already analyzed
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics-- Analysis Of SDCCH Blocking
‰ Improper setting of parameters
Judging
Judging Method
Method
z Basic measurement: judging reasons
for SDCCH congestion；
z Radio access measurement:
immediate assignment success
times/immediate assignment times>85
％；
z Parameters checking: parameters of
correlative with radio access;
z Low usability rate SDCCH.
Solution
Solution
z Adjust parameters (random access
error level threshold, RACH access
level threshold), Maximum
retransmission times, Extend
Transmission distributed timeslots );
z Adjust location update parameters;
z Adjust parameters of the dual-band
network.
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics-- Analysis Of SDCCH Blocking
„ Insufficient system capacity
Judging
Judging Method
Method Solution
Solution
z Performance report: TCH and SDCCH z Extend network capacity;
both congested; z Add SDCCH;
z Performance report: TCH don’t z Adjust T3122、T3212、RACH
congest but SDCCH is congested parameters etc. ；
seriously;
z Adjust other parameters.
z Parameters adjusting: traffic hinge,
such as aviation hinge, railway station
etc., has lots of location updates;
z SMS leap.
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics-- Analysis Of SDCCH Blocking
„ Improper LAC division
Judging
Judging Method
Method Solution
Solution
z Performance report: SDCCH z Adjust CRH；
congested badly; z Adjust cell reselect parameters；
z Basic measurement: percent of z Adjust T3212；
location update too high;
z Adjust other parameters.
z LAC partition: business area, LAC
areas are crossed badly;
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics-- Analysis Of SDCCH Blocking
‰ Existence of interference

Judging
Judging Method
Method Solution
Solution
z RACH level threshold is lower, at the z Check and adjust frequency point;
same time has interference, system z Solve interferences;
mistake for having lots of SDCCH
z Adjust access parameters.
occupation requests.
z Performance report: SDCCH
congested badly;
z Basic measurement: more useless
SDCCH access ;
 Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
TCH指配问题分析
Statistics—Analysis of TCH Assignment Problems
„ TCH Channel Analysis Process

1. Channel Occupation
2. TCH Channel Allocation
3. TCH Channel Assignment
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics—Analysis of TCH Assignment Problems
„ Causes of TCH Assignment Failure
z Hardware problems：TRX、CDU、loose panel cables；
z Interference：co-channel/ adjacent-channel interference/ external
interference;
z Antenna problems: damaged antenna feeder, uni-polarized
antenna azimuth, inconsistence between down-tilt and antenna
type, high VSWR, crossed or misconnected antenna feeders;
z Unreasonable parameter configuration：improper setting of HF
parameters, T3107 value is set too small, inconsistence between
data configured at OMCR and the data planned, etc.;
z Coverage problem：weak signal or uplink &downlink imbalance ;
z Repeater problem: uplink/downlink interference or imbalance of
uplink/downlink;
z Other reasons：soft & hardware versions of the system、signaling
cooperation between BSC and MSC;
Position And Analyze Problems with Traffic
Statistics—Analysis of TCH Assignment Problems
‰ Analysis of traffic statistics

Judging
Judging Method
Method Solution
Solution

z Performance report：find out cells with

TCH assignment failure;
z Basic measurements：judge
interference band、call drop、handover、
uplink& downlink RQ value;
z Alarm statistics：hardware problems
z BTS measurements：position TCH
assignment failure of carrier frequency
level
z NMS：judge whether carrier frequency
occupation is normal by occupation time
of TCH and SDCCH;
z Parameter configuration：unreasonable
dynamic SDCCH parameter
configuration.
zCheck whether radio parameters of
the cell is reasonable;
zCheck BER、idle interference band
level index, decrease radio
interference;
zCheck hardware of the cells;
zCheck transmission problems;
zDT analysis;
zCheck BSC and base station
versions to avoid unmatched
versions leading to TCH assignment
failure.
Contents

„ ZTE Traffic Statistic Overview

„ Definitions Of Main Traffic Statistic Parameters
„ Position And Analyze Problems Making Use Of
Traffic Statistic
„ Traffic Statistic Analysis Cases
Cases of Call Drop
„ Phenomenon Description
z On 16, March, from OMCR BAM statistic, I10 of Station 3 of BSC 80 in
PAKTEL network had much more call drop rate suddenly, with its rate
more than 7%. Call drop times increased a lot.
„ Problem Analysis
z Through carrying out statistic on detailed performance data, checking call
drop types, we found radio link failure accounted for great part of call drop;
z Through carrying out statistic on the interference band of the cell, we found
3-level or above interference band accounted for higher percentage;
z We doubted first that the station had interference. After checking
frequency planning, we found there was no neighboring interference with
adjoining cells. Through BTS measurements, we found the second and
third carrier frequency of the station had a higher failure rate
z From alarm statistics, this station had no hardware alarms, no adjacent
cells missed in configuration, handover parameters are reasonable.
However, it’s found that the MAIOs of the second and third TRXs are the
same.
Cases of Call Drop

„ Solution
z After adjusting MAIO of the third carrier frequency from
8 to 10, the interference disappeared, call drop times
decreased greatly and call drop rate restored to normal.
Cell TCH in call
Region BSC ID CELL ID DATE Remark
Name drop rate(%)

2006-3-16 8.17
2006-3-17 7.74 Before
2006-3-18 7.53 Adjustment
2006-3-19 7.97
NORTH I102 80 50022
2006-3-31 1.03
2006-4-1 0.94 After
2006-4-2 0.85 Adjustment
2006-4-3 0.76
Cases of TCH Handover Problems
„ 【problem Description】
z Background performance report data show a low
success rate of station 1 cell switch.
„ 【 problem Analysis】
z Check the wireless parameters, set reasonable, no
problem. Dynamic management background from
OMCR found that the district can not be occupied by a
carrier frequency. Determine the carrier frequency of a
hardware failure, to submit work orders, requiring
troubleshooting.
„ 【 Processing 】
z fault plates after replacement, indicators improved
significantly, the problem solved.
Cases of TCH Blocking
„ Phenomenon Description
z On 21, December, we carried out statistic from BAM, and found
TCH traffic of the third sector of No. 106 station in BSC8 under
Libyan network is very congested suddenly. TCH congestion rate
（exclude handover）arrived at higher than 30%.
„ Problem Analysis
z Before, this sector wasn’t congested, but this time was in sudden
TCH traffic congestion. After implementing statistic on the
performance report and alarm statistic of the surrounding cells, we
found the reason for congestion was that No.127 station
corresponding with this cell had broken, thus the neighboring traffic
had been absorbed by the third sector of No, 106 station.
„ Solution
z After coordinating with the office, commission the No.127 station in
time. Then TCH traffic congestion of the third sector of N0. 127
had been cleared.
Cases of TCH Blocking

„ A Contrast Before &After Optimization

TCH overflow
SDCCH in TCH in congestion
Cell and Location total
BSC-SITE ID-BTS congestio rate(exclude
Area Cell(LAC-CI) number(exclude
n rate(%) handover)(%)
handover)
Bsc8-Site106-Bts1 LAC8198-CI11061 0 0 0
Bsc8-Site106-Bts2 LAC8198-CI11062 0 0 0
Bsc8-Site106-Bts3 LAC8198-CI11063 0.04 30.24 936
After Adjustment
Bsc8-Site106-Bts1 LAC8198-CI11061 0 0 0
Bsc8-Site106-Bts2 LAC8198-CI11062 0 0 0
Bsc8-Site106-Bts3 LAC8198-CI11063 0.04 0 0
Cases of SDCCH Blocking
„ Phenomenon Description
z In September, after No.61 new station had been commissioned,
SDCCH channel of the third cell congested suddenly and its
congestion rate was as high as 35%.
„ Problem Analysis
z Through analyzing the basic measurement of the cell, we found the
reason for SDCCH congestion in the third cell was that there
existed a great amount of positions to be updated. After checking
plan data and LAC division, we didn’t find unreasonable points.
Thus we analyzed that this new station had certain mistaken data
during commissioning.
„ Solution
z After checking, we found LAC No. of the third cell in the station is
8198, while LAC No. of other two cells of the station is 8199. It is
confirmed that during commissioning the new station, LAC No. of
the third cell was input 8198 mistakenly. It should be 8199. Thus
caused a great amount of positions to be updated. Through
readjustment, SDCCH congestion rate restored to normal.
Cases of TCH Assignment
„ Phenomenon Description
z In the third cell of No.1 station of PHO, its call drop rate arrives at
6.9% ,successful handover in rate is only 68.38%, while handover
out rate is 91.31%.
„ Problem Analysis
z TCH assignment rate is morn than 10%, from which we excluded
the interference problem and make sure that the cell has hardware
problems. After analyzing BTS measurements of the cell, we found
that TCH assignment failure rate of the second carrier frequency in
the cell is very high, arriving at 30%. And during on-site testing, we
found that after occupying this carrier frequency, the signal level is
20dB less than BCCH carrier frequency level.
„ Solution
z After changing carrier frequency, each parameter restores to
normal.
Cases of TCH Assignment

„ A Contrast Before &After Optimization

TCH in call TCH Handover

Cell and TCH Handover
BSC -SITE drop assign out
Location Area dropped call in success
ID-BTS rate(include failure success
Cell(LAC-CI) total number rate(%)
handover)(%) rate(%) rate(%)
Bsc80- LAC1003-
6.9 98 12.28 68.38 91.31
Site1-Bts3 CI50003
After Adjustment
Bsc80- LAC1003-
0.9 5 2.28 92.38 92.89
Site1-Bts3 CI50003