TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES

COMPETENCY EXAM Linked Problems 7-8

A saturated solution containing 1500kg of potassium chloride at
CRYSTALLIZATION
360K is cooled in an open tank to 290K. if the density of the
solution is 1200 kg/m3, the solubility of potassium chloride per
STUDENT NO.:_______________ 100 parts of water by mass is 53.55 at 360K and 34.5 at 290K
DATE:______________________ calculate:
Answers: 5. The capacity of the tank required is
A B C D A B C D a) 1.36 m3 c) 6.56 m3
3
1 11 b) 3.58 m d) NOTG
6. The mass of crystals obtained, neglecting any loss of water
2 12 by evaporation is
3 13 a) 56 kg c) 65 kg
4 14 b) 534 kg d) NOTG
5 15
6 16 Linked Problems 9-10
7 17 A solution of RbCl contains 28 g of rubidium chloride. This
solution is to be concentrated by evaporation of water to get a
8 18
saturated solution at 100°C and then cooled to 20°C. The
9 19 solubility of RbCl is 91,1 g per 100 g of water at 20°C and 138,9 g
10 20 per 1 00 g of water at 100°C.
9. Calculate the mass of the saturated solution after evaporation
Linked Problems 1-2 of the excess of water.
A hot solution of Ba(NO3)2 from an evaporator contains 30.6 kg a) 50.2 g c) 48.2 g
Ba(NO3)2 per 100 kg water and goes to a crystallizer, where the b) 64.2 g d) 32.4 g
solution is cooled and Ba(NO 3)2 crystallizes. On cooling, 10% of 10. Calculate the mass of the separated crystals.
the original water evaporates. For a feed solution of 100 kg total, a) 9.6 g c) 12.2 g
calculate the following: b) 10.3 g d) 5.6 g
1. The yield of crystals if the solution is cooled to 290K, where
the solubility is 8.6 kg Ba(NO3)2 per 100 kg water A feed solution of 10000 lbm at 130F containing 47 lb FeSO 4 per
a) 10.2 kg Ba(NO3)2 c) 17.5 kg Ba(NO3)2 100 lb total water is cooled at 80°F, where FeSO 4•7H2O crystals
b) 9.36 kg Ba(NO3)2 d) NOTG are removed. The solubility of the salt at 80F is 30.5 lb FeSO4 per
2. The yield of crystals if the solution is cooled, where the 100 lb water. The average heat capacity of the feed solution is
solubility is 7.0 kg Ba(NO3)2 per 100 kg water 0.70 BTU/lbm-F. The heat of solution is -4.4 kcal/gmol
a) 10.2 kg Ba(NO3)2 c) 8.36 kg Ba(NO3)2 FeSO4•7H2O. Assume that no water is vaporized.
b) 18.61 kg Ba(NO3)2 d) NOTG 7. Calculate the yield of crystals
a) 1715 lbm c) 2804 lbm
Linked Problems 3-4 b) 7196 lbm d) NOTG
A batch of 1000 kg of KCl dissolved in sufficient water to make a 8. Make a heat balance, The QT is
saturated solution of 363K, where the solubility is 35 wt% KCl in a) 135.235 BTU c) 50.356 BTU
water. The solution is cooled to 293K, at which temperature its b) -430.049 BTU d) NOTG
solubility is 25.4 wt%.
3. The weight of crystals obtained is 9. A solution of NH4Cl is saturated at 70°C. Calculate the
a) 287.62 kg c) 168.62 kg temperature to which this solution must be cooled in order
b) 367.68 kg d) NOTG to crystallize out of 45% of the NH 4Cl. The solubility of NH 4Cl
4. What is the weight of crystals obtained if 5% of the original in water are:
water evaporates on cooling? Temperature, °C 70 10 0
a) 187.56 kg c) 168.56 kg Solubility, g/100g water 60.2 33.3 29.4
b) 399.29 kg d) NOTG a) 9.51°C c) 20.15°C
b) 35.25°C d) NOTG
Linked Problems 5-6 10. The feed to a cooling crystallizer is 1000 lb/hr at 120°F. The
Given: The solubility of benzoic acid in water is 0.29 g of benzoic solution is cooled to 70°F. It has a 3 ft 2 of cooling surface per
acid per 100 ml of water at 20 ºC, and 4.6 g benzoic acid per foot of running length of crystallizer. The required rate of
100 ml of water at 90 ºC. heat transfer is 44,900 BTU/hr. cooling will be provided by a
5. What mass of benzoic acid should be recovered when 200 mL countercurrent flow of chilled water entering the cooling
of water is used to recrystallize a 5 g sample of the acid jacket at 60°F, leaving at 85°F. The overall heat transfer
a) 1.2 g c) 3.42 g coefficient, U, is expected to be 20 BTU/hr-ft 2-°F. the length
b) 2.34 g d) 4.42 g of the crystallizer is
6. What would be the maximum theoretical percent recovery a) 37.5 ft c) 28.5 ft
from crystallization of 5.00 g of solid “X” from 100 ml water? b) 10.6 ft d) NOTG
a) 24% c) 68.40% 11. The solubility of sodium bicarbonate in water is 9.6g/100g of
b) 46.8% d) 88.40% water at 20°C and 16.4g/100g of water at 60°C. If a
 saturated solution of NaHCO3 at 60°C is cooled to 20°C, what 19. Rasorite containing 85% Na2B4O7•4H2O is dissolved, filtered,
percentage of the dissolved salt crystallizes out? and run to the crystallizer as a 25% solution of borax,
a) 68.5% c) 86.3% Na2B4O7•10H2O at 150°F. After cooling to 100°F. The crystals
b) 41.5% d) NOTG are centrifuged and go to the drier containing 5% moisture.
The mother liquor contains 8% borax. What yield of the
12. If sodium chloride solution, at a temperature of 40°C, has a crystals is obtained per ton of rasorite processed?
concentration of 50% when the solubility of sodium chloride a) 3.81 tons c) 4.2 tons
at this temperature is 36.6 g / 100 g water, calculate the b) 0.93 tons d) NOTG
quantity of sodium chloride crystals that will form once
crystallization has been started. 20. A tank holds 10,000 kg of a saturated Na 2CO3 at 30°C. you
a) 36.5 kg c) 63.4 g want to crystallize from this solution 3000 kg of
b) 23.6 kg d) NOTG Na2CO3•10H2O without accompanying water. To what
temperature must the solution be cooled?
13. A tank holds 10,000 kg of a saturated Na 2CO3 at 30°C. you Temperature, °C 10 20 30
want to crystallize from this solution 3000 kg of Solubility, g/100g water 12.5 21.5 38.8
Na2CO3•10H2O without accompanying water. To what a) 25.9 °C c) 20.2 °C
temperature must the solution be cooled? b) 15.3 °C d) NOTG
Temperature, °C 10 20 30
Solubility, g/100g water 12.5 21.5 38.8
a) 25.9 °C c) 20.2 °C
b) 15.3 °C d) NOTG

14. 1000 kg of FeCl3•6H2O are added to a mixture crystals of

FeCl3•H2O to produce a mixture of FeCl 3•2.5H2O crystals.
How much FeCl3•H2O must be added to produce the most
FeCl3•2.5H2O?
a) 2556.1 kg c) 1556.1 kg
b) 1056.1 kg d) NOTG

15. 8000 kg of an aqueous solution containing 25 percent (by

weight) of anhydrous sodium sulfate are fed to a crystallizer.
The solution is cooled and 15% of the initial water is lost by
evaporation. Na2SO4.10H2O crystallizes out. If the mother
liquor (solution after crystallization) contains 18.3% (by
weight) of anhydrous Na2SO4, calculate the weight of crystals
obtained.
a) 2716 kg c) 4384 kg
b) 6584 kg d) NOTG

16. The heat required when 1 kmol of MgSO4•7H2O is dissolved

isothermally at 291 K in a large mass of water is 13.3 MJ.
What is the heat of crystallization per unit mass of the salt?
a) 53.9 kJ/kg b) 65.3 kJ/kg
b) 12.3 kJ/kg d) NOTG

17. A batch of 1500 kg of saturated potassium chloride solution

is cooled from 360 K to 290 K in an unagitated tank. If the
solubilities of KCl are 53 and 34 kg/100 kg water at 360 K
and 290 K respectively and water losses due to evaporation
may be neglected, what is the yield of crystals?
a) 365 kg c) 186 kg
b) 236 kg d) NOTG

18. If sodium chloride solution, at a temperature of 40°C, has a

concentration of 50% when the solubility of sodium chloride
at this temperature is 36.6 g / 100 g water, calculate the
quantity of sodium chloride crystals that will form once
crystallization has been started.
a) 36.5 kg c) 63.4 g
b) 23.6 kg d) NOTG