METHODOLOGY

This chapter deals with the method and procedure of the study. The study is causal

comparative in nature. The present study was undertaken to find the social issues in

private and public school at secondary level. This section includes a description of

population, sample selection, questionnaire, data collection and data analysis.

Population:

Population of the study was comprised all school students in district Lahore.

Sampling:

The sample of this study was consisted of three hundred school students, 150 students

from public schools and 150 students from private schools. One hundred and fifty

teachers were also the part of this sample, 75 teachers from public schools and 75

teachers from private schools. Simple random sampling was done for the sample

selection.

Development of instrument:

After reviewing the related literature, to know the view about the social issues which

students have in schools, questionnaires were considered as the appropriate instrument

for collection of data. Researchers developed two questionnaires namely “Questionnaire

of social issues in private and public schools at secondary level”. The questionnaires were

prepared on Likert scale. The five points were ‘Strongly agree’ with score 5, Agree with

score 4, Neutral with score 3, Disagree with score 2 and finally Strongly disagreed with
score 1. One questionnaire was consisted of 44 statements and second questionnaire was

consisted of 32 statements for teachers about social issues in schools. Statements of both

questionnaires were grouped into seven factors.

Factors of students’ questionnaire

Sr. # Factors #. of items(for students)

1. Values of respect 14

2. Peer pressure 11

3. Bad habits 5

4. Media influence 7

5. Sexual abuse 2

6. Aggression 3

7. Shifted preferences 2
 Factors of teachers questionnaire

Sr. # Factors #. of items(for teachers)

1. Values of respect 12

2. Peer pressure 11

3. Bad habits 5

4. Media influence 6

5. Sexual abuse 1

6. Aggression 2

7. Shifted preferences 2

Validation of the instrument:

In this causal comparative study Pilot testing was used to check validation. Forty students

and twenty teachers from the target schools were selected for pilot testing and they filled

the questionnaires. Researchers found some mistakes in their questionnaires and then

corrected it in the light of responses and advice by the advisor.

Research design:

The design of the study was causal comparative in nature; this study was concerned with

opinions. For this study survey method was adopted to collect the data on questionnaires.
Data analysis:

Data was analyzed with the help of statistical SPSS software. Mean score were calculated

for each statement.