6.4.

1 Study: STDs/STIs Study Sheet

Health (S4050209)

Date: ____________

Record key terms and their definitions in the table.

Word Definition

antiretroviral therapy (ART) Antiretroviral therapy is a method that is used on people who have
HIV that give them more symptom-free years, and can prolong their
life

sexually transmitted Sexually transmitted diseases are diseases that spread via sexual
diseases (STDs) intercourse, and the exchange of body fluids

CDC The CDC is a branch of the Department of Health and Human

Services, and is in charge of monitoring and improving the general
health of the public
 human immunodeficiency HIV is a virus that attacks a person's immune system, and can
virus (HIV) severely weaken the immune system so much that the person can
get extremely sick from simple illnesses. This virus leads to aids.

acquired immunodeficiency AIDS is a condition brought by HIV where the

syndrome (AIDS)

abstinence Abstinence is a method of birth control where a person does not

engage in sexual activity

refusal skills Refusal skills are skills that a person uses in order to say no, and/or
leave a situation

individual decision An individual decision is a decision that one person makes

Use this study sheet to keep track of the important concepts covered in this study. If you need help
answering any of the questions, check with your instructor. Save these study sheets for review when
preparing for quizzes and tests.

STDs (including HIV/AIDS)

About half of the people with newly diagnosed STDs are within what age range?

Half of the people with newly diagnosed STDs are in the 15-24 age range.
Use this table to summarize the symptoms and treatments of these STDs.
STD Symptoms Treatment
Human papillomavirus (HPV) ● Many strains of HPV
have no symptoms
● Cancer of the cervix,
penis, or anus
● Genital warts
Trichomoniasis (Trich) ● Often no symptoms
● Vaginitis
● Itching of the urethra
● Discharge
● Burning during
urination
Chlamydia ● Often no symptoms
● Discharge
● Burning during
urination
● There are vaccines to
prevent the virus
● No cure once infected
● Warts can sometimes
go away with
medications or
surgery, but often
come back
● Can be treated and
cured with antibiotics
● Can be cured with
antibiotics, but if there
are no symptoms, so
 ● Pelvic inflammatory people don't need
disease treatment

Herpes ● Cold sores ● No cure

● Genital warts ● Medication can help
● Transmission of HIV symptoms, and
increases prevent the chance of
spreading

Syphilis ● Paralysis ● Can be treated with

● Convulsions antibiotics
● Blindness
● Heart disease

Gonorrhea ● Discharge ● Lack of symptoms can

● Pain during urination result in no diagnoses,
● Infertility and no treatment
● Can be cured with
antibiotics

Pubic lice/scabies ● Itchiness ● Pubic lice can be

treated with special
shampoo
 ● Scabies can be treated
with ointments or
creams

HIV/AIDS ● Weakened immune ● No cures

system ● Can be treated by
● Increased chance to means such as ART
contract common
illnesses

STD Transmission
Is it a myth or a fact that STDs can be transmitted via toilet seats? Explain.

It is a myth that STDS can be transmitted via toilet seats. You can not catch an STD from common
objects such as a toilet or a doorknob. You can only get an STD from engaging in sexual activities

STD Prevention
Describe ways to prevent STDs (including HIV/AIDS).

The best way to prevent STDs is by practicing abstinence, as if you don't engage in sexual activities you
can’t contract an STDs. Another way is by being in a monogamous relationship, as if both partners are
clean of STDs, and neither of them are in other sexual relationships, then neither of them can contract
any STDs. In addition, when you do engage in sexual activities, make sure to wear a condom because a
condom can protect against most STDs including HIV.
Impacts of STDs (including HIV/AIDS)
Use this table to describe the impacts of STDs.

Personal ● Physical symptoms can be severely dangerous or even fatal

● Cancer
● Infertility
● Shame, embarrassment

Family ● some families can be easily stressed and not know how to deal with
STDs
● STDs can affect pregnancies, and lead to babies contracting the STD

● ART and other treatments are extremely expensive

● Death of parents leading to orphans

 Society ● More people with STDs means that people have an increased chance
of getting an STD
● STDs cost a lot of money for treatments

● Can leads to some cultures having less treatment options, a higher

orphan rate, and less food

HIV/AIDS
Explain the connection between HIV and AIDS, and describe the progression of the disease.

AIDS is a direct result of HIV, and a person is considered to have AIDS once HIV has weakened your
immune system a certain amount. The progression of the disease starts with acute infection where the
person develops flu-like symptoms as the body tries to fight off the infection. This is followed by clinical
latency where there aren't any symptoms as the virus continues to replicate and further weaken the
immune system. The final stage is AIDS where CD4 cells fall below a count of 200 cells per cubic
millimeter of blood, and the person can easily fall sick and die from simple infections.

Preventing HIV with Contraceptives

For a couple in which one partner has HIV, what contraceptive method will best prevent transmission of
the STD?

The best way to prevent the spread of HIV is by practicing abstinence, as abstinence is the only 100%
effective way of not contracting STDs.
List six ways to reduce the risk of transmitting HIV from one person to another.

1. Practicing monogamy
2. Not using intravenous drugs, and not sharing needles
3. Avoiding dangerous relationships
4. Use refusal skills
5. Use precautions in healthcare environments
6. Taking anti-HIV drugs when pregnant and using formula instead of breast milk

What is antiretroviral therapy (ART)? How does it help people with HIV?

Antiretroviral therapy is a treatment method for people with HIV, that can help prevent symptoms for a
longer period of time. It helps people with HIV by slowing down how fast the virus replicates by using
multiple medications that slow down the virus.

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