ELECTRICAL ARC FLASH

HAZARD STUDY

APRIL 2008

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 VIDEO – LIBERATION OF ENERGY

ArcFlash
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 AGENDA

Topics to Covering:

„ Electrical Arch
„ We are exposed?
„ Applicable Regulations
ArcFlash „ Risks
Estudio
Study ofde Riesgos
Risks
„ Incidents
„ Arc Flash Study

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 ArcFlash
What´s this?

Direct contact
Traffic of current
Electrical across the body for Indirect contact
Accident

ArcFlash

ArcFlash It is a short circuit across the air, produced when :

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„ The insulation between two energized drivers collapses
„ The same between a wire and earth, provoking an explosion for the
liberation of energy

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 VIDEO II – ARC in 500 kV

ArcFlash
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 Accidents of ArcFlash
Where they can happen ?

Areas with High

Risk of Occurrence

Distributions Center Electrical Areas with

Panels Control of Engines high
Engines temperatures
MV / LV

ArcFlash
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 Our Offer
His Purpose ….

The Purpose of
Our Study

„ To minimize the ocurrence and consequence of accidents

for ArcFlash
„ To determine reliable procedures of operation
ArcFlash
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„ To define levels of appropiate PPE
„ To normalize a program of permanent training

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 ¿WE ARE EXPOSED?

¿WE ARE
ArcFlash
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 ¿WE ARE EXPOSED?

ArcFlash
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Isn’t this a common situation in your plant?

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 ¿WE ARE EXPOSED?

ArcFlash
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Risks

Isn’t this a common situation in your plant?

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 ¿WE ARE EXPOSED?

ArcFlash
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Risks

Isn’t this a common situation in your plant?

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 ARC FLASH REASONS

„ The contact with parts under voltage for fall of tools

„ Insulations fault

„ Overvoltage

„ Dirt
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„ Corrosion

„ Condensation

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 NORMS

NORMS
ArcFlash
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 ARCFLASH
Applicable Regulations

Applicable Regulations :

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 ARCFLASH
Applicable Regulations

Applicable Regulations :

„ NFPA 70E Part II Articles 110 and 130

require a flash hazard analysis be performed
to protect qualified electrical personnel

ArcFlash „ NationalElectrical Code NFPA 70 Article

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110.16 requires equipment be marked to warn
personnel of arc flash hazards

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 ARCFLASH
Applicable Regulations

Applicable Regulations :

„ OSHA 29CFR1910.269(I)(6) discusses

appropriate PPE apparel to protect against
arc flash hazards

„ The 2004’ s version of IEEE 1584a

ArcFlash provides precise methods for ArcFlash 's
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„ Procedures and safeties measurements specified

by each company
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 RISKS

RISKS
ArcFlash
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 Electrical Arc Flash Hazards

„ Produce thermal energy that is released during a fault

and is a function of:

„ Available fault current and system voltage

„ Distance from fault
„ Clearing time of protective device

ArcFlash „ May generate higher energy at lower system voltages

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(due to longer time arc fault current duration)

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 TYPES OF RISKS FOR ARC FLASH

There are principally five ways in which an electrical

ArcFlash can to cause damage and even the death:

„ Thermal Risk

„ Risk of Pressure

ArcFlash „ Risk of Hearing

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„ Risk for Missiles

„ Risk for Inhalation

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 ARCO ELECTRICO

Molten Metal
20.000 °C

Waves of Pressure

Waves of sound

Steam of Copper: Missil

ArcFlash
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Occurred to
Steam It expands
Warm air
to factor of
Rapid expansion
67.000 times
Intense Light

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 INCIDENTS of ARCFLASH

INCIDENTS
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 INCIDENTES POR ARCFLASH

ArcFlash
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 INCIDENT for ARCFLASH

ArcFlash’ s Incident

System of 480Volt

22,600 Amper Symmetrical Current

Panel of Motor’s Control

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It comes out of 6 cycles (0.1 sec)

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ArcFlash
Estudio de Riesgos

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 RESULT OF AN ACCIDENT FOR
ARCFLASH

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 INCIDENT for ARCFLASH

INCIDENT for ARCFLASH

480 Volt System

22,600 22,600A Symmetrical Current

Panel of Motor’s Control

Limiter equipment with < ½ cycle of operation (.0083 sec).

ArcFlash
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Risks To notice that the exhaust will have to be kept in the range

of limit of current

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ArcFlash
Estudio de Riesgos

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 VIDEO

ARC FLASH ’s INCIDENT

ArcFlash
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 VIDEO

ArcFlash
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 AGENDA

ARC FLASH
ArcFlash
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STUDY
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 WHAT IS A STUDY OF RISK FOR ARC FLASH?

Definition:

„ The NFPA 70E defines a study of

risks for ArcFlash as :

“A study where is investigated the potential exhibition

of a workman to the energy caused by an electrical
arch
With the aim of:
ArcFlash
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Risks ¾ To anticipate injuries ,

¾ To determine sure procedures of operation ,

¾ Levels of appropriate PPE .”

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 WHAT IS THE MINIMAL DISTANCE OF
PROTECTION ?

Definition:

„ The NFPA 70E defines a minimal distance of protection as:

“Distance, from the critical point, inside which a

person can suffer burns of second degree due to
an accident for Arc Flash .”

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 PPE as cal/cm2

PPE Selection
Protective Clothing Guidelines, from “Predicting Incident Energy to Better Manage the Electric Arc Hazard on 600-
V Power Distribution Systems,” Table III, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Jan./Feb. 2000
Proposed Protective Clothing Classes FR Clothing System
Range of Calculated Incident Clothing Total Weight
Energy (cal/cm²) Class No. Clothing Description, (No. of Layers) (oz/yd²)
0–2 0 Untreated Cotton (1) 4.5 – 7
2-5 1 FR Shirt and Pants (1) 4.5 - 8

5-8 2A Cotton Underwear plus FR Shirt and Pants (2) 9 - 12

ArcFlash 5 - 16 2B FR Underwear plus FR Shirt and Pants (2) 10 - 14

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Risks Cotton Underwear plus FR Shirt and Pants plus
8 - 25 3 16 - 20
FR Coverall (3)
Cotton Underwear plus FR Shirt and Pants plus
25 - 40 4 24 - 30
Double Layer Switching Coat (4)

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 Flash hazard label
(one per analysis point)

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 Electrical Arc Flash Hazard Study

Customer to Provide:
„ One line diagram of power delivery
system
„ Current copy of power system short
circuit study and coordination study
„ Single point of contact to establish each
analysis point with our power systems
engineer
ArcFlash „ Input on typical working distances
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desired for each location or default to
applicable standards
„ Purchase order authorizing Siemens to
proceed

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 SUMMARY

Siemens Solutions :
Step #1: Generation/Review of unifilar complete of the plant

Step #2: The short circuit study of the energy system.

Step #3: Analysis of the current state of the protection system

Step #4: Coordination study of the protection system.

ArcFlash Step #5: Electrical Arc Flash Hazard Study.

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Step #6: Identify equipment locations that exceed available
PPE ratings
Step #7: Presentation of the Program of Electrical Security
Step #8: Annual maintenance
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 Electrical Arc Flash Hazard Study

Sample of Customer Deliverable :

Arc Energy calculations

Example Customer Summary of Incident Energy Calculations

Incident Energy in cal/cm 2 and Working Distance
Normal Normal Working Arc Flash
Marzo 18, 2004
Voltage Operation Operation Distance Boundary
Location kV J/cm2 cal/cm2 inches feet
ArcFlash 12.47 kV Main Switchgear 12,47 129,2 30,9 36,0 84,5
Estudio Unit Sub #1 480 V Main Breaker 0,48 474,4 113,4 24,0 43,9
Study ofde Riesgos
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Unit Sub #1 480 V Bus 0,48 55,3 13,2 24,0 10,2
MCC A 0,48 84,1 20,1 12,0 5,6
MCC B 0,48 64,5 15,4 12,0 4,7
Panel 16 0,48 52,5 12,5 12,0 4,2

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 Electrical Arc Flash Hazard Study

Customer Benefits

„ Reduced risk of employee injury or death due to arc flash

hazards
„ Possible revisions to customer system protection to limit
equipment damage
„ Provides critical safety information for subcontractors
entering facility
ArcFlash
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insurance claims
„ Demonstrates company effort to satisfy OSHA and NFPA
regulations

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 A BENEFICIAL RELATION

ArcFlash
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Thank you very much for your attention.

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 ENERGY CONTACTS in
ARGENTINA – Arc Flash

Pablo Donajger
pablo.donajger@siemens.com
0054 - 011 - 4738 7333

Pablo David
pablo.david@siemens.com
ArcFlash
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Risks 0054 – 011 - 4738 7209

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