BFC 32302: TRAFFIC ENGINEERING AND SAFETY

DELAYS

- Average delay per vehicle on a particular arm (approach) is given by:

9  C(1  )2 x2 
d   
10  2(1  x ) 2qs (1  x ) 

where
C = cycle time (sec)
 = proportion of the cycle that is effectively green for the phase = g/C
qs = flow (pcu/sec)
x = degree of saturation = q/S

LEVEL OF SERVICE

- The level of service for signalised intersections are based on the delay, as given
in Table 1.6.

Table 1.6: Level of Service for Signalised Intersections (JKR)

LEVEL OF SERVICE DELAY PER VEHICLE

A < 5.0 seconds
B 5.1 to 15.0 seconds
C 15.1 to 25.0 seconds
D 25.1 to 40.0 seconds
E 40.1 to 60.0 seconds
F > 60.0 seconds

Example:

Using the results of the traffic signal timing design in the earlier example, determine
the following:

(a) Calculate the Delays

(b) Determine the LOS

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 BFC 32302: TRAFFIC ENGINEERING AND SAFETY

Solution:

(a) To calculate the delays and (b) determine the LOS, the designed Co = 60 sec
and designed green times are used.

The calculation of delays and LOS are tabulated as below:

Movement N S WL WR EL ER
C (sec) 60 60 60 60 60 60
g (sec) 20 20 16 12 16 12
 = g/C 0.333 0.333 0.267 0.200 0.267 0.200
S (pcu/hr) 1889 1560 1781 1628 1834 1628
q (pcu/hr) 218 281 243 180 271 168
qs(pcu/sec) 0.0606 0.0781 0.0675 0.0500 0.0753 0.0467
x = q/S 0.346 0.541 0.511 0.553 0.553 0.513
d (sec) 16.7 18.9 20.9 26.4 22.0 25.2
LOS C C C D C D

Sample Calculation:

For North:
9  C(1  )2 x2 
d   
10  2(1  x ) 2qs (1  x )  =

9  60(1  0.333) 2 0.346 2 


10  2(1  0.333 * 0.346) 2 * 0.0636(1  0.346) 

= 16.7 sec

From Table, the LOS is C