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PUPCET Reviewer With Answer Keys 1
PUPCET Reviewer With Answer Keys 1
PUPCET Reviewer With Answer Keys 1
GREEK MYTHOLOGY
Ares- God of War
Athena- Goddess of wisdom, war and useful arts
Artemis- Goddess of the moon,hunt& young maidens
Apollo- God of archery, music, poetry
Aphrodite- Goddess of Love & Beauty
Dionysus- God of wine
Eros- primodial god of love, sexual love& beauty.
Hades- God of Underworld
Hypnos- God of Sleep
Hecate- Goddess of Magic, cross roads
Hera- Goddess of Marriage,mother & Families
Hermes- God of Roadways, Travelers, Merchants and Thieves
Hephaestus- God of Blacksmith and fire
Hestia - goddess of the hearth, of the right ordering of domesticity and the family
Iris- Goddess of Rainbow,messenger of gods
Janus- God of beginnings, choices and doorways
Nemesis- Goddess of revenge
Nike- Goddess of victory
Poseidon- God of the Sea
Tyche- Goddess of goodluck and fortune
Theseus- Athen's great hero
Cupid- A god; Venus Son. He fall inlove with psyche
Psyche- Greek princess; not a god.
Venus- Goddess of Love. Jealous of psyche
Zephyrus- God of the Southwind
Zeus- God of the Sky
Jove(jupiter) - King of gods
The box of Pandora - considered one of the most descriptive myths of human behavior in Greek
mythology.
Hercules- anak sa labas ni Zeus, snake story
Cupid- asawa ni Psyche, bow and arrow shit
Grappling with English grammar problems, clearing up confusion caused by similar-sounding words,
and improving your writing skills in general is made easier with this handy Cheat Sheet.
PUNCTUATING SENTENCES CORRECTLY
Here are some quick tips and handy hints for when and how to use the grammatical marks that most
often trip people up when they’re writing, plus some guidance on improving your writing.
Comma:
-To set apart the name of a person being addressed
-After an introductory expression
-To separate extra, nonessential statements from the rest of the sentence
-Following the Dear Sir or Madam line in a business letter
Semicolon:
-To join two complete sentences without using and, but and similar words
-To separate items in a list when at least one item contains a comma
Colon:
-To introduce a long quotation
-To introduce a list
Dash:
-To separate and add emphasis to an extra comment in a sentence
-To show a range (numbers 1 – 64)
Apostrophe:
-To show possession (Herman’s hermit, the girls’ gym class)
-To substitute for missing numerals (’07)
-To substitute for missing letters in contractions (isn’t, what’s and he’s)
Hyphens:
-To divide words or syllables at the end of a line
-To link two descriptions of one word (second-string violinist)
-To attach prefixes to words that start with capital letters (anti-Nazi)
COMMONLY CONFUSED WORDS AND DESCRIPTIONS
It’s easy to mix up similar sounding words. Refer to this handy list to help you out if you need a helpful
reminder of the most commonly confused words:
Affect: Generally a verb meaning ‘to influence’
Effect: Usually a noun meaning ‘result’
Good: Describes a person, place, thing or idea
Well: Describes an action
Lie: As a verb, ‘to rest or recline’
Lay: As a verb, ‘to place in a certain position’
Its: Shows possession
It’s: Contraction of ‘it is’
There: Indicates a position or place
Their: Shows possession
They’re: Contraction of ‘they are’
Like: As a preposition, means ‘similar to’
As: Precedes a subject/verb statement
That: Preceding a subject/verb statement, usually introduces essential information and isn’t preceded
by a comma
Which: Preceding a subject/verb statement, indicates extra information and is preceded by a comma
Between: For two choices
Among: For a group of three or more
Farther: Used for distance
Further: Used for time or intensity
Who’s: A contraction meaning ‘who is’
Whose: A possessive pronoun (belonging to who)
You can’t really compare words that express absolute states. Take the following, for example:
Unique (not really unique or very unique)
Round (never rounder or the roundest)
Perfect (not more perfect or extremely perfect)
True (stay away from most true)
Dead (deader or deadest? Neither!)
SORTING OUT THE FINER POINTS OF ENGLISH GRAMMAR
The finer points of English grammar can be tricky to get your head around but use the following
reminders to brush up your writing skills.
Tricky singular/plural situations:
Companies are singular; they take a singular verb and pronoun (it, not they or their).
In sentences that contain neither/nor or either/or, match the verb to the closest subject.
What to capitalise:
-Proper names
-The first word in a sentence
-Titles before and attached to names
-Titles used as substitutes for names
-The first word and all other important words in a title or subtitle
-Each letter in an acronym
-Some abbreviations
What to put in lower case:
-Years in school (primary 4, second year, and so forth)
-School subjects, except for languages (history, science and algebra, for example)
-Titles not attached to or used as names (she’s a professor)
-Directions (north, south, inward, up and so on)
-General terms for geographical features (canyon, river, mountain and the like)
-Academic degrees (a master’s, a bachelor’s degree)
To use possessive nouns and pronouns properly, follow these rules:
-Make a possessive noun by adding an apostrophe and the letter s to a singular noun
-Add an apostrophe to a plural noun that ends in the letter s to create a possessive
-To show possession, add an apostrophe and the letter s to a plural noun that doesn’t end in the letter
s
-Possessive pronouns (my, his, theirs, whose and so forth) never contain apostrophes
-Place a possessive noun or pronoun in front of an -ing verb form used as a noun (her drawing, Kate’s
running, and the like)
English grammar is not a mystery; it’s a set of traditions and patterns of language handed down
through the ages. With a little practice, you can learn the rules of Standard English so you can express
yourself confidently and correctly.
SORTING PRONOUNS
Pronouns are handy words that take the place of the names of people, places, and things. Be sure to
give every pronoun a proper job. Here is what you need to know about pronouns:
Singular subject pronouns (when one person or thing does the action or exists in the state of being): I,
you, he, she, it, who, whoever.
Plural subject pronouns (when more than one person or thing does the action or exists in the state of
being): we, you, they, who, whoever.
Singular object pronouns (one person or thing receiving the action): me, you, him, her, it, whom,
whomever.
Plural object pronouns (more than one person or thing receiving the action): us, you, them, whom,
whomever.
Singular possessive pronouns (showing ownership by one person or thing): my, mine, your, yours, his,
her, hers, its, whose.
Plural possessive pronouns (showing ownership by more than one person or thing): our, ours, your,
yours, their, theirs, whose.
DEALING WITH VERB TENSES
In English grammar, verbs change in form to tell the time period, or tense. You use different verbs to
indicate whether an action has already happened, is currently happening, will happen in the future, and
several different variations. Remember these tenses:
Present: happening at the current time (I talk, he talks, they talk)
Present progressive: in the process of happening (I am talking, he is talking, they are talking)
Past: happened before now (I talked, he talked, they talked)
Past progressive: happened over a period of time before now (I was talking, he was talking, they were
talking)
Future: will happen after the present time (I will talk, he will talk, they will talk)
Future progressive: will happen over a period of time, after the present time (I will be talking, he will be
talking, they will be talking)
Present perfect: started in the past and continues in the present (I have talked, he has talked, they
have talked)
Past perfect: happened in the past before another event in the past (I had talked, he had talked, they
had talked)
Future perfect: will happen in the future before a deadline (I will have talked, he will have talked, they
will have talked)
ELEMENTS OF A COMPLETE ENGLISH SENTENCE
To write a complete sentence, applying proper rule of English grammar, you must use several different
items. Make sure that your sentences have all of these elements:
Subject–verb pair: The verb is a “doing’ or a “being’ word. Someone or something has to do the action
or exist in the state of being. That is the subject. Every complete sentences needs at least one
subject–verb pair.
End punctuation: Every sentence ends with a punctuation mark. A statement ends with a full stop, a
question with a question mark, and a strong statement with an exclamation mark.
Complete thought: The sentence must include one complete idea.
WHEN TO USE CAPITAL LETTERS
In English grammar, you need to know when to capitalise words. Sometimes the capital letter signifies
the part of a sentence or simply indicates someone’s name (proper nouns). Use capital letters for the
following:
Specific names: Capital letters are used for the names of people, places, and brands. (Bill, Mrs. Jones,
River Dee, Burberry). Lowercase letters are for general names (girls, mountains, clothing).
First word: The first word in a sentence, a title, or a subtitle is always capitalised.
Personal pronoun: The pronoun I, referring to the speaker or writer, should be capitalised.
Titles of full-length literary works: The first word in the title of a book, play, newspaper, or magazine,
plus all the important words, should be capitalised. (God Save the Queen, The Times, A Tale of Two
Cities). If you have a subtitle, capitalise only the first word, specific names, and the personal pronoun I.
Titles of songs, poems, and articles: Capitalise the first word, proper names, and the personal pronoun
I.
Titles for people: When a title comes before a name, capitalise it (Reverend Ames). After the name,
capitalise titles only when they refer to very important positions (Prime Minister, Secretary General of
the United Nations).
Ctto#English
Grappling with English grammar problems, clearing up confusion caused by similar-sounding words,
and improving your writing skills in general is made easier with this handy Cheat Sheet.
PUNCTUATING SENTENCES CORRECTLY
Here are some quick tips and handy hints for when and how to use the grammatical marks that most
often trip people up when they’re writing, plus some guidance on improving your writing.
Comma:
-To set apart the name of a person being addressed
-After an introductory expression
-To separate extra, nonessential statements from the rest of the sentence
-Following the Dear Sir or Madam line in a business letter
Semicolon:
-To join two complete sentences without using and, but and similar words
-To separate items in a list when at least one item contains a comma
Colon:
-To introduce a long quotation
-To introduce a list
Dash:
-To separate and add emphasis to an extra comment in a sentence
-To show a range (numbers 1 – 64)
Apostrophe:
-To show possession (Herman’s hermit, the girls’ gym class)
-To substitute for missing numerals (’07)
-To substitute for missing letters in contractions (isn’t, what’s and he’s)
Hyphens:
-To divide words or syllables at the end of a line
-To link two descriptions of one word (second-string violinist)
-To attach prefixes to words that start with capital letters (anti-Nazi)
COMMONLY CONFUSED WORDS AND DESCRIPTIONS
It’s easy to mix up similar sounding words. Refer to this handy list to help you out if you need a helpful
reminder of the most commonly confused words:
Affect: Generally a verb meaning ‘to influence’
Effect: Usually a noun meaning ‘result’
Good: Describes a person, place, thing or idea
Well: Describes an action
Lie: As a verb, ‘to rest or recline’
Lay: As a verb, ‘to place in a certain position’
Its: Shows possession
It’s: Contraction of ‘it is’
There: Indicates a position or place
Their: Shows possession
They’re: Contraction of ‘they are’
Like: As a preposition, means ‘similar to’
As: Precedes a subject/verb statement
That: Preceding a subject/verb statement, usually introduces essential information and isn’t preceded
by a comma
Which: Preceding a subject/verb statement, indicates extra information and is preceded by a comma
Between: For two choices
Among: For a group of three or more
Farther: Used for distance
Further: Used for time or intensity
Who’s: A contraction meaning ‘who is’
Whose: A possessive pronoun (belonging to who)
You can’t really compare words that express absolute states. Take the following, for example:
Unique (not really unique or very unique)
Round (never rounder or the roundest)
Perfect (not more perfect or extremely perfect)
True (stay away from most true)
Dead (deader or deadest? Neither!)
SORTING OUT THE FINER POINTS OF ENGLISH GRAMMAR
The finer points of English grammar can be tricky to get your head around but use the following
reminders to brush up your writing skills.
Tricky singular/plural situations:
Companies are singular; they take a singular verb and pronoun (it, not they or their).
In sentences that contain neither/nor or either/or, match the verb to the closest subject.
What to capitalise:
-Proper names
-The first word in a sentence
-Titles before and attached to names
-Titles used as substitutes for names
-The first word and all other important words in a title or subtitle
-Each letter in an acronym
-Some abbreviations
What to put in lower case:
-Years in school (primary 4, second year, and so forth)
-School subjects, except for languages (history, science and algebra, for example)
-Titles not attached to or used as names (she’s a professor)
-Directions (north, south, inward, up and so on)
-General terms for geographical features (canyon, river, mountain and the like)
-Academic degrees (a master’s, a bachelor’s degree)
To use possessive nouns and pronouns properly, follow these rules:
-Make a possessive noun by adding an apostrophe and the letter s to a singular noun
-Add an apostrophe to a plural noun that ends in the letter s to create a possessive
-To show possession, add an apostrophe and the letter s to a plural noun that doesn’t end in the letter
s
-Possessive pronouns (my, his, theirs, whose and so forth) never contain apostrophes
-Place a possessive noun or pronoun in front of an -ing verb form used as a noun (her drawing, Kate’s
running, and the like)
English grammar is not a mystery; it’s a set of traditions and patterns of language handed down
through the ages. With a little practice, you can learn the rules of Standard English so you can express
yourself confidently and correctly.
SORTING PRONOUNS
Pronouns are handy words that take the place of the names of people, places, and things. Be sure to
give every pronoun a proper job. Here is what you need to know about pronouns:
Singular subject pronouns (when one person or thing does the action or exists in the state of being): I,
you, he, she, it, who, whoever.
Plural subject pronouns (when more than one person or thing does the action or exists in the state of
being): we, you, they, who, whoever.
Singular object pronouns (one person or thing receiving the action): me, you, him, her, it, whom,
whomever.
Plural object pronouns (more than one person or thing receiving the action): us, you, them, whom,
whomever.
Singular possessive pronouns (showing ownership by one person or thing): my, mine, your, yours, his,
her, hers, its, whose.
Plural possessive pronouns (showing ownership by more than one person or thing): our, ours, your,
yours, their, theirs, whose.
DEALING WITH VERB TENSES
In English grammar, verbs change in form to tell the time period, or tense. You use different verbs to
indicate whether an action has already happened, is currently happening, will happen in the future, and
several different variations. Remember these tenses:
Present: happening at the current time (I talk, he talks, they talk)
Present progressive: in the process of happening (I am talking, he is talking, they are talking)
Past: happened before now (I talked, he talked, they talked)
Past progressive: happened over a period of time before now (I was talking, he was talking, they were
talking)
Future: will happen after the present time (I will talk, he will talk, they will talk)
Future progressive: will happen over a period of time, after the present time (I will be talking, he will be
talking, they will be talking)
Present perfect: started in the past and continues in the present (I have talked, he has talked, they
have talked)
Past perfect: happened in the past before another event in the past (I had talked, he had talked, they
had talked)
Future perfect: will happen in the future before a deadline (I will have talked, he will have talked, they
will have talked)
ELEMENTS OF A COMPLETE ENGLISH SENTENCE
To write a complete sentence, applying proper rule of English grammar, you must use several different
items. Make sure that your sentences have all of these elements:
Subject–verb pair: The verb is a “doing’ or a “being’ word. Someone or something has to do the action
or exist in the state of being. That is the subject. Every complete sentences needs at least one
subject–verb pair.
End punctuation: Every sentence ends with a punctuation mark. A statement ends with a full stop, a
question with a question mark, and a strong statement with an exclamation mark.
Complete thought: The sentence must include one complete idea.
WHEN TO USE CAPITAL LETTERS
In English grammar, you need to know when to capitalise words. Sometimes the capital letter signifies
the part of a sentence or simply indicates someone’s name (proper nouns). Use capital letters for the
following:
Specific names: Capital letters are used for the names of people, places, and brands. (Bill, Mrs. Jones,
River Dee, Burberry). Lowercase letters are for general names (girls, mountains, clothing).
First word: The first word in a sentence, a title, or a subtitle is always capitalised.
Personal pronoun: The pronoun I, referring to the speaker or writer, should be capitalised.
Titles of full-length literary works: The first word in the title of a book, play, newspaper, or magazine,
plus all the important words, should be capitalised. (God Save the Queen, The Times, A Tale of Two
Cities). If you have a subtitle, capitalise only the first word, specific names, and the personal pronoun I.
Titles of songs, poems, and articles: Capitalise the first word, proper names, and the personal pronoun
I.
Titles for people: When a title comes before a name, capitalise it (Reverend Ames). After the name,
capitalise titles only when they refer to very important positions (Prime Minister, Secretary General of
the United Nations).
Father of Biology : Aristole
Father of Modern Biology: Linnaeus
Father of Antibiotics : Alexander Fleming
Father of Taxonomy : Carolus Linnaeus
Father of Immunology : Edward Jenner
Father of Microbiology : Anton van Leenuwenhoek
Father of Modern Microbiology : Louis Pasteur
Father of Medical Microbiology : Robert Koch
Father of Pathology : Rudolph Virchow
Father of Bacteriology : Robert Koch
Father of Virology : W.M.Stanley
Father of Embryology : Aristotle
Father of Modern Embryology : Ernst Von Baer
Father of Physiology : Stephan Hales
Father of Modern experimental physiology : Calude Bernard
Father of Genetics : Rev. Gregor Mendel
Father of Modern Genetics : Bateson
Father of Human Genetics/ Biochemical genetics : Arachibald Garrod
Father of Experimental Genetics : T.H. Morgan
Father of Haploid Genetics / Neurospora Genetics : Dodge
Father of Ecology : Theophrastus
Father of Cloning : Ian Willmut
Father of Plant anatomy : Grew
Father of Histology (Microscopic anatomy) : Malpighi
Father of Cytology : Robert Hooke
Father of modern Cytology : Swanson
Father of Paleontology : Leonard da Vinci
Father of modern Paleontology : Cuvier
Father of Concept of Evolution: Empedocles
Father of Botany: Theophrastus
Father of Modern Botany : Bauhin
Father of Zoology : Aristotle
Father of Biochemistry : Liebig
Father of Epidemiology : John Snow
Father of Plant Pathology : de Bary
Father of Modern Pathology : Rudolf Virchow
Father of Genetic Engineering : Paul Berg
Father of Gene therapy : Anderson
Father of Ethology : Konard Lorentz
Father of Endocrinology : Thomas Addison
Father of Eugenics : Galton
Father of Gerantology : Korenchevsk
Father of Palynology : Erdtman
Father of Stress physiology : Hans Selye
Father of Electrocardiography : Einthoven
Father of DNA Fingerprinting : Alec Jeffery
Father of Mycology : Micheli
Father of Bryology : Hedwig
Father of Phycology:Father of ATP cycle: Lipmann
Father of Chemotherapy :Father of Anatomy : Herophilus
Father of Modern Anatomy : Andreas Vesalius
Father of actinobiology / radiation biology : HJVS Muller
Father of Homeopathy : Hahnemann
Father of Ayurveda : Charka
Father of Surgery and Plastic Surgery : Susruta
Father of Blood circulation : William Harvey
Father of Medicine : Hippocrates
Father of Blood Group : Landsteiner
Father of Polio Vaccine : Jonas Salk
Father of Green Revolution: Norman Borlaug.