Acid, Bases and Salts

Q1 Define natural and synthetic indicator with examples.

Q2 Litmus solution is extracted from -------, a plant belonging to the division--------and is commonly used
as an ---------. When it is neither acidic nor basic, Its colour is ------ and in acidic solution its colour is-----

Q3 Name some acid and base solutions present in your laboratory.

Q4 Define olfactory indicators with example.

Q5 What happens when acid or bases react with metals? Give the reactions of zinc with an acid and
base?

Q6 Give the results of phenolphtalein and methyl orange after testing acid and base.

Q7 How can you check the evolution of hydrogen and CO2 gas in a laboratory?

Q8 What happens when a metal carbonate or a metal hydrogen carbonate reacts with acids? Give the
reactions with HCl ?

Q8 What happens when CO2 is passed in lime water in –

(a) A law quantity

(b) A large quantity

Q9 Define neutralization reaction. Also give two examples.

Q10 When we take a small amount of copper oxide in a beaker and add dilute HCl slowly, the colour of
solution changes. Can you guess which colour is converted into which form? Also tell the reason of this
behaviour.

Q11 What happens when a metal oxide reacts with acid? Is this reaction similar to the reaction of a base
with an acid?

Q12 Metallic oxides are ---- in nature while non-metallic oxides are ----- in nature.

Q13 Give an example of reaction of a nonmetal oxide with a base.

Q14 Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels?

Q15 Metal compound A reacts with dil HCl to produce effervenscence. The gas evolved extinguishes a
burning candle. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction for the reaction if one of the
compounds formed is calcium chloride.

Q16 What is the main reason of a solution to be conductive?

Q17 Following of these solutions which are conductive in nature and why? Glucose, alcohol,
hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid.

Q18 Acids produce ---- ions while bases produce ----- ions while diluting.

Q19 Hydrogen ions cannot exist alone, so they are found in ------form.

Q20 Which gas is released while reacting sodium chloride with concentrated sulphuric acid. How can
you test this gas with the help of litmus paper.

Q22 What happens when water is added in an acid and a base? Also give the equations. Are these
reactions exothermic or endothermic?

Q23 While diluting an acid, why it is recommended that the acid should be added to water and not
water to an acid?

Q24 How is the concentration of hydronium ions affected when a solution of an acid diluted?

Q25 How is the concentration of hydroxide ions affected when excess base is dissolved in a solution of
sodium hydroxide?

Q26 Mixing an acid or base with water results in------- in the concentration of ions (H3O+/OH-) per unit
volume. This process is known as ---------.

Q27 Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of the dry litmus paper?

Q28 With the help of universal pH paper how can you say that one solution is more acidic or less acidic?

Q29 What is the meaning of pH?

Q30 Write the pH value of these solutions-

Gastrice juice, Lemon juice, Pure water, Blood, Milk of Magnesia ,Sodium hydroxide solution.

Q31 If we take one mole solution of acetic acid and one mole of HCl acid, will these produce same
amount of hydrogen ions? Give a suitable reason in support of your answer.

Q32 Define weak and strong acids with examples.

Q33 When does acid rain occur? How does it affects aquatic life?

Q34 Name one planet which has the clouds of sulphuric acid? Also tell the colour of clouds?

Q35 How would you treat the soil after knowing about the pH of soil?

Q36 How do antacid tablets help in acidity?

Q37 What is the cause of tooth decay? Explain on the base of pH scale.
Q38 Why do we have swelling after bit down by an insect like bee etc? How should it be cured?

Q39 How are neetle and dock plant related to each other?

Q40 Which acids are found in orange, tamarind and vinegar?

Q41 Do basic solutions also have H+ ions? If yes, then why are these basic?

Q42 Give two examples of SO42- family and two examples of chlorides family.

Q43 Define rock salt. How it is different from table salt?

Q44 Which elements and compounds are obtained during electrolysis of sodium chloride? Also write
some uses of each.

Q45 How is bleaching powder obtained? Write some uses of bleaching powder.

Q46 (a) How is baking soda obtained?

(c) What happens when baking soda is heated?

(d) What happens when baking soda is heated with water? Where is this reaction used?
(e) Which ingredient is used in antacids?
(f) Which compound is used in fire extinguishers and why?

Q47 How is washing soda obtained? Write some uses of washing soda? If a person uses washing soda in
place of baking soda, is it dangerous for him?

Q48 Which compound is used for softening hard water?

Q49 Define water of crystallization. How many water of molecules gypsum have in reality ?

Q50 What happens when gypsum is heated at 373K temperature?

Q51 What happens when plaster of paris is reacted with water?

Q52 Write some uses of plaster of Paris.