12 Mathematics Test Papers PDF

CBSE
CHAPTER-WISE
TEST PAPERS
Class-12
MATHEMATICS
Index
Chapters
1. Relations & Functions
2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions
3. Matrices
4. Determinants
5. Continuity & Differentiability
6. Applications of Derivatives
7. Integrals
8. Applications of Integrals
9. Differential Equations
10. Vectors
11. Three Dimensional Geometry
12. Linear Programming
13. Probability
CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CLASS - XII MATHEMATICS
CH-01 Relation and function
1. A Relation R:A A is said to be Reflexive if --------- for every a ∈ A where A is non [1]
empty set.
2. A Relation R:A A is said to be Symmetric if ---------- ∀ a,b, ∈ A [1]
3. A Relation R:A A is said to be Transitive if ------------- ∀ a,b,c ∈ A [1]
4. Define universal relation? Give example. [2]
5. What is trivial relation? [2]
6. Let T be the set of all triangles in a plane with R a relation in T given by [2]
R = {(T1, T2): T1 is congruent to T2}.
Show that R is an equivalence relation.
7. Show that the relation R in the set Z of integers given by [4]

R = {(a, b) : 2 divides a-b}. is equivalence relation.
8. Let L be the set of all lines in plane and R be the relation in L define if [4]
R = {(l1, L2 ): L1 is ⊥ to L2 } .
Show that R is symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive.
9. Check whether the relation R defined in the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} as [4]
R = {(a, b): b = a+1} is reflexive, symmetric or transitive.
10. Let A = R – {3} and B = R – {1}. Consider the function f : A → B defined by
 x−2
f ( x) =   . Is f one-one and onto? Justify your answer. [6]
 x−3
11. Let L be the set of all lines in xy plane and R be the relation in L define as [6]
R = {(L1, L2): L1 || L2}

Show then R is on equivalence relation.
Find the set of all lines related to the line y=2x+4.
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CBSE TEST PAPER-01
[ANSWERS]
CH-01 Relations and Functions
Ans 1. (a, a) ∈ R
Ans 2. (a, b) ∈ R, (b, a) ∈ R
Ans 3. (a, b)∈ R, and (b, c) ∈ R ⇒ (a, c) ∈ R.
Ans 4. A Relation R in a set A called universal relation if each element of A is related to every
element of A. Ex. Let = {2,3,4}
R = (A × A) = {(2,2),(2,3) (2,4) (3,2) (3,3) (3,4) (4,2) (4,3) (4,4) }
Ans 5. Both the empty relation and the universal relation are some time called trivial relation.
Ans 6. R is reflexive, since every ∆ is congruent to itself.

(T1T2) ∈ R similarly (T2T1) ∈ R
⇒ since T1 ≅ T2
(T1T2) ∈ R, and (T2,T3) ∈ R
⇒ (T1T3)∈ R Since three triangles are congruent to each other.
Ans 7. R is reflexive , as 2 divide a-a = 0
((a,b)∈ R ,(a-b) is divide by 2
⇒ (b-a) is divide by 2 Hence (b,a) ∈ R hence symmetric.
Let a,b,c ∈ Z
If (a,b) ∈ R
And (b,c) ∈ R

Then a-b and b-c is divided by 2
⇒ a-b +b-c is even
⇒ (a-c is even
⇒ (a,c) ∈ R
Hence it is transitive.
Ans 8. R is not reflexive , as a line L1 cannot be ⊥ to itself i.e (L1,L1 ) ∉R
⇒ L1 ⊥ L2
⇒ L2 ⊥ L1
⇒ (L2,L1)∈R
L1 ⊥ L2 and L2 ⊥ L3
Then L1 can never be ⊥ to L3 in fact L1 || L3
i.e (L1,L2) ∈R, (L2,L3) ∈R.
But (L1, L3)∉ R
Ans 9. R = {(a,b): b= a+1}
Symmetric or transitive
R = {(1,2) (2,3) (3,4) (4,5) (5,6) }
R is not reflective , because (1,1) ∉R
R is not symmetric because (1,2)∈ R but (2,1) ∉R
(1, 2) ∈R and (2,3) ∈R
But (1,3) ∉R Hence it is not transitive
x−2
Ans10. A = R – {3} and B = R – {1} and f ( x ) =
x−3
x −2 x −2
Let x1 , x2 ∈ A, then f ( x1 ) = 1 and f ( x2 ) = 2
x1 − 3 x2 − 3
Now, for f ( x1 ) = f ( x2 )
x1 − 2 x2 − 2
⇒ =
x1 − 3 x2 − 3
⇒ ( x1 − 2 )( x2 − 3) = ( x2 − 2 )( x1 − 3)
⇒ x1 x2 − 3 x1 − 2 x2 + 6 = x1 x2 − 2 x1 − 3 x2 + 6
⇒ −3x1 − 2 x2 = −2 x1 − 3x2

⇒ x1 = x2
∴ f is one-one function.
x−2
Now y=
x −3
⇒ y ( x − 3) = x − 2
⇒ xy − 3 y = x − 2
⇒ x ( y − 1) = 3 y − 2
3y − 2
⇒ x=
y −1
3y − 2
−2
∴  3y − 2 
f =
y −1 = 3y − 2 − 2y + 2 = y
 3y − 2 3y − 2 − 3y + 3
 y −1  −3
y −1
⇒ f ( x) = y
Therefore, f is an onto function.
Ans 11. L1||L1 i.e (L1, L1) ∈ R Hence reflexive
L1||L2 then L2 ||L1 i.e (L1L2)∈ R
⇒ (L2,L)∈ R Hence symmetric
We know the
L1||L2 and L2||L3
Then L1|| L3
Hence Transitive . y = 2x+K
When K is real number.

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
Relations and functions
1. Prove that the function f: R R, given by f(x) = 2x, is one – one. [1]
2. Let S = {1, 2, 3} Determine whether the function f: S S defined as below have inverse. [1]
f = {(1, 2), (2, 1), (3, 1)}
3. Find gof f(x) = |x|, g(x) = |5x + 1| [1]
4. State whether the function is one – one, onto or bijective f: R R defined by f(x) = 1+ x2 [2]
5. Let f, g and h be function from R to R show that (f + g) oh = foh + goh [2]
6. If a * b = a + 3b2, then find 2 * 4 [2]
7. Show that the relation in the set R of real no. defined R = {(a, b) : a ≤ b3 }, is neither
reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive. [4]
 n +1 
8. Let f: N N be defined by f(x) =  2 , if n is odd for all n ∈ N 
 
 n if n is even 
 2 
Examine whether the function f is onto, one – one or bijective [4]
9. Let A = N × N and * be the binary operation on A define by (a, b) * (c, d) = (a + c, b + d) [4]
Show that * is commutative and associative.

3x + 4
10. Show that if f: R −  7  → R −  3  is defining by f(x) = and g: R −  3  → R −  7  is define by
5  5 5x − 7 5  5
7x + 4
g(x) = , then fog = IA and gof = IB when A = R −  3  , B = R −  7  ; IA (x) = x, for all x∈A,
5x − 3 5 5
IB(x) = x, for all x∈B are called identify function on set A and B respectively. [6]
11. Consider f : R + → [ −5, ∞ ] given by f ( x ) = 9 x + 6 x − 5. Show that f is invertible with
2

f −1 ( y ) = 
( )
y + 6 −1 
.
 3 
  [6]

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
[ANSWERS]
CH-01 Relations and functions
1. f is one – one as f(x1) = f (x1)

2x1 = 2x2
x1 = x2
Prove.
2. f(2) = 1 f(3) = 1,
f is not one – one, So that that f is not invertible.
3. gof (x) = g [f(x)]

= g [(x)]
= 5 x −2
4. Let x1, x2 ∈ x
If f(x1) = f(x2)
1 + x12 = 1 + x12
x12 = x12
x1 = ± x2
Hence not one – one
y = 1 + x2
x=± ( 1− y )
f ( )
1 − y = 1 + (1 − y ) = 2 − y ≠ y
5. L.H.S = (f + g) oh
= {(f + g) oh} (x)
= (f + g) h (x)
= f [h (x)] + g [h (x)]
= foh + goh
6. 2 * 4 = 2 + 3 (4)2
= 2 + 3 × 16
= 2 + 48
= 50
7. (i) (a, a) ∉ R as a ≤ a 2 Which is false R is not reflexive.

(ii) a ≤ b 2 and b ≤ a 2 Which is false R is not symmetric.
(iii) a ≤ b 2 , b ≤ c 2 then a ≤ c 4 Which is false
n +1 1+1
8. f (1) = = =1
2 2
n 2
f (2) = = = 1
2 2
f is not one – one
1 has two pre images 1 and 2
Hence f is onto
f is not one – one but onto.
9. (i) (a, b) * (c, d) = (a + c, b + d)
= (c + a, d + b)
= (c, d) * (a, b)
Hence commutative
(ii) (a, b) * (c, d) * (e, f)

= (a + c, b + d) * (e, f)
= (a + c + e, b + d + f)
= (a, b) * (c + e, d + f)
= (a, b) * (c, d) * (e, f)
Hence associative.
 3x + 4 
7 +4
 3x + 4   5x + 7 
10. gof (x) = g  = =x
 5x + 7  5  3x + 4  − 3
 
 5x + 7 
 7x + 4 
3 +4
 3x + 4   5x − 3 
fog ( x) = f  = =x
 5x − 3  5  7 x + 4  − 7
 
 5x − 3 
Thus gof(x) = x, for all x ∈ B
fog (x) = x, for all x ∈ A
Which implies that gof = IB
And Fog = IA
11. Consider f : R + → [ −5, ∞ ] and f ( x ) = 9 x 2 + 6 x − 5.
Let x1 , x2 ∈ R → [ −5, ∞ ] , then f ( x1 ) = 9 x12 + 6 x1 − 5 and f ( x2 ) = 9 x22 + 6 x2 − 5
Now, f ( x1 ) = f ( x2 )
then, 9 x12 + 6 x1 − 5 = 9 x22 + 6 x2 − 5
⇒ 9 x12 + 6 x1 = 9 x22 + 6 x2

⇒ 9 ( x12 − x22 ) + 6 ( x1 − x2 ) = 0
⇒ ( x1 − x2 ) 9 ( x1 + x2 ) + 6  = 0
⇒ x1 − x2 = 0
⇒ x1 = x2 ∴ f is one-one.
Now, again y = 9 x 2 + 6 x − 5
⇒ 9 x2 + 6 x − ( 5 + y ) = 0
−6 ± (6) + 4 × 9 (5 + y )
2
−6 ± 6 1 + 5 + y −6 ± 6 y + 6 y + 6 −1
⇒ x= = = =
18 18 18 3
2
 y + 6 −1   y + 6 −1   y + 6 −1 
∴ f ( x) = f   = 9  + 6  − 5
 3   3   3
     
 y + 6 +1− 2 y + 6 
= 9
 9
(
 + 2 y + 6 − 1 − 5 )
 
= y +7−2 y +6 + 2 y +6 −2−5 = y
∴ f is onto.
y + 6 −1
Therefore, f ( x ) is invertible and f −1 ( x ) = .
3

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
1. Show that function f: N N, given by f(x) = 2x, is one – one. [1]
2. Let S = {1, 2, 3} Determine whether the function f: S S defined as below have inverse.
f = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)} [1]
3. Find got f(x) = |x|, g(x) = |5x -2| [1]
4. Consider f: {1, 2, 3} {a, b, c} given by f(1) = a, f(2) = b and f(3) = c find f-1 and show
that (f-1)-1 = f [1]
5. If f(x) = x + 7 and g(x) = x – 7, ∀ x ∈ R find (fog) (7) [1]
6. State whether the function is one – one, onto or bijective f: R R defined by f(x) = 3 – 4x [4]
7. Show that the relation R in the set of all books in a library of a collage given by
R ={(x, y) : x and y have same no of pages}, is an equivalence relation. [4]
8. Let f: R R be f (x) = 2x + 1 and g: R R be g(x) = x2 – 2 find (i) gof (ii) fog [4]
9. Let * be a binary operation. Given by a * b = a – b + ab [4]
Is * :
(a) Commutative (b) Associative
x−2
10. Let A = R – {3} and B = R- {1}. Consider the function of f: A B defined by f(x) = . is f
x−3
one – one and onto. [6]
11. Let A = N x N and * be the binary operation on A defined by ( a, b ) * ( c, d ) = ( a + c, b + d ) Show
that * is commutative and associative. Find the identity element for * on A, if any. [6]

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
[ANSWERS]
1. The function f is one – one, for

f(x1) = f(x2)
2x1 = 2x2
x1 = x2
2. f is one – one and onto, so that f is invertible with inverse f-1 = {(1, 1) (2, 2) (3, 3)}
3. fog (x) = f(g x)
= f{|5x – 2|)
= |5x – 2|
4. f = {(1, a) (2, b) (3, c)}
f-1 = { (a, 1) (b, 2) (c, 3)}
(f -1) -1 = {(1, a) (2, b) (3, c)}
Hence (f-1)-1 = f.
5. (fog) (x) = f[g(x)]

= f(x – 7)
=x–7+7
=x
(fog) (7) = (7)
6. is x1, x2 ∈ R
f(x1) = f(x2)
3 – 4x1 = 3 – 4x2
x1 = x2
Hence one – one
Y = 3 – 4x
 3− 4 
x= 
 4 
 3− 4   3− 4 
f  = 3 − 4 
 4   4 
=y
Hence onto also.
7. (i) (x, x) ∈ R, as x and x have the same no of pages for all x ∈ R ∴ R is reflexive.
(ii) (x, y) R
x and y have the same no. of pages
y and x have the same no. of pages

⇒ (y, x) ∈ R
⇒ (x, y) = (y, x) R is symmetric.
(iii) if (x, y) ∈ R, (y, y) ∈ R
(x, z) ∈ R
∴ R is transitive.
8. (i) gof (x) = g[f(x)]

= g (2x + 1)
= (2x + 1)2 – 2
(ii) fog (x) = f (fx)
= f (2x + 1)
= 2(2x + 1) + 1
= 4x + 2 + 1 = 4x + 3
9. (i) a * b = a – b + ab
b * a = b – a + ab
a*b ≠ b*a
(ii) a * (b * c) = a * (b – c + bc)
= a – (b – c + bc) + a. (b – c + bc)
= a – b + c – bc + ab – ac + abc
(a * b) * c = (a – b + ab) * c
= [ (a – b + ab) – c ] + ( a – b + ab)
= a- b + ab – c + ac – bc + abc
a * (b * c) ≠ (a * b) * c.
10. Let x1 x2 ∈ A
Such that f(x1) = f(x2)
x1 − 2 x2 − 2
=
x1 − 3 x2 − 3
x1 = x2
f is one – one
y x−2
=x
1 x −3
2y − 2
x=
y −1
 3y − 2 
f = y
 y −1 
Hence onto
11. A = N x N and * is a binary operation defined on A.
( a, b ) * ( c, d ) = ( a + c, b + d ) = ( c + a, d + b ) = ( c, d ) * ( a, b )
∴ The operation is commutative
Again, ( a, b ) * ( c, d )  * ( e, f ) = ( a + c, b + d ) * ( e, f ) = ( a + c + e, b + d + f )

And ( a, b ) ( c, d ) * ( e, f )  = ( a, b ) * ( c + e, e + f ) = ( a + c + e, b + d + f )
Here, ( a, b ) * ( c, d )  * ( e, f ) = ( a, b ) ( c, d ) * ( e, f ) 
∴ The operation is associative.
Let identity function be ( e, f ) , then ( a, b ) * ( e, f ) = ( a + e, b + f )
For identity function a = a + e ⇒ e=0
And for b + f = b
⇒ f =0
As 0 ≠ N, therefore, identity-element does not exist.

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
1. What is a bijective function? [1]
2. Let * be a binary operation defined by a * b = 2a + b – 3. find 3 * 4 [1]
3. Let S = {1, 2, 3} Determine whether the function f: S S defined as below have inverse.
f = {(1, 3) (3, 2) (2, 1)} [1]
4. Find gof where f(x) = 8x3, g(x) = x1/3 [2]
5. Let f, g and h be function from R + R. Show that (f.g) oh = (foh). (goh) [2]
6. Let f: R R be define as f(x) = x4 check whether the given function is one – one onto, [4]
or other.
7. Show that the relation R defined in the set A of all triangles as
R = { (T1 , T2 ) : T1 is similar to T2 }, is an equivalence relation. Consider three right
angle triangles T1 with sides 3, 4, 5. T2 with sides 5, 12, 13 and T3 with sides 6, 8, 10.
Which triangles among T1, T2 and T3 are related? [4]
8. Determine which of the following operation on the set N are associative and
which are commutative. [6]
a+b
(a) a * b = 1 for all a, b ∈ N (b) a * b = for all a, b, ∈ N
2
9. Let A and B be two sets. Show that f: A × B B × A such that f(a, b) = (b, a) is
a bijective function. [6]
10. Let f : W → W be defined as f ( n ) = n − 1, if n is odd and f ( n ) = n + 1, if n is even. Show
that f is invertible. Find the inverse of f . Here, W is the set of all whole numbers. [6]

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
CLASS - XII MATHEMATICS (Relations and Functions)
[ANSWERS]
1. A function f: X Y is said to be one – one and onto (bijective), if f is both one – one and
onto.
2. 3 * 4 = 2 (3) + 4-3 = 7
3. f is one – one and onto, Ao that f is invertible with f-1 = {(3,1) (2, 3) (1, 2)}
4. gof (x) = g[f(x)]

= g (8x3)
1
= ( 8x 3 ) 3
= 2x
5. (f. g) oh
(f. g) h (x)
f[h(x)]. g[h(x)]
foh. goh
6. Let x1, x2 ∈ R
If f(x1) = f(x2)
x14 = x24
x12 = x12
± x1 = ± x2
Not one – one
y = x4
x = ± y1/4
f ( y1/ 4 ) = y
Not onto.
f (− y1/4 ) = y
7. (i) Each triangle is similar to at well and thus (T1, T1) ∈ R

∴ R is reflexive.

(ii) (T1, T2) ∈ R
⇒ T1 is similar to T2
(T2, T1) ∈ R
R is symmetric
(iii) T1 is similar to T2 and T2 is similar to T3

⇒ (T1, T3) ∈ R
∴ R is transitive.
Hence R is equivalence
(II) part T1 = 3, 4, 5
T2 = 5, 12, 13
T3 = 6, 8, 10
3 4 5 1
= = = T1 is relative to T3.
6 8 10 2
8. (a) a * b = 1
b*a=1
for all a, b ∈ N also
(a * b) * c = 1 * c = 1
a * (b * c) = a * (1) = 1 for all, a, b, c R N
Hence R is both associative and commutative
a+b b+a
(b) a * b = , b*a=
2 2
Hence commutative.
 a+b
(a * b) * c =  *c
 2 
 a+b a + b + 2c
= +c =
 2  4
 a+b
a+ 
 a+b  2 
= a *(b * c) = a *   =
 2  2
2a + b + c
=
4
* is not associative.
9. Let (a1 b1) and (a2, b2) ∈ A × B
(i) f(a1 b1) = f(a2, b2)

b1 = b2 and a1 = a2
(a1 b1) = (a2, b2)
Then f(a1 b1) = f(a2, b2)
(a1 b1) = (a2, b2) for all
(a1 b1) = (a2, b2) ∈ A × B
(ii) f is injective,
Let (b, a) be an arbitrary
Element of B × A. then b ∈ B and a ∈ A
⇒ (a, b) ) ∈ (A × B)
Thus for all (b, a) ∈ B × A their exists (a, b) ) ∈ (A × B)
Hence that
f(a, b) = (b, a)
So f: A × B B × A
Is an onto function.
Hence bijective
n − 1, if n is odd
10. Given: f : W → W defined as f ( n ) = 
n + 1, if n is even
Injectivity: Let n , m be any two odd real numbers, then f ( n ) = f ( m )
⇒ n −1 = m −1 ⇒ n=m
Again, let n , m be any two even whole numbers, then f ( n ) = f ( m )
⇒ n +1 = m +1 ⇒ n=m
Is n is even and m is odd, then n ≠ m
Also, if f ( n ) odd and f ( m ) is even, then f ( n ) ≠ f ( m )
Hence, n≠m ⇒ f ( n) ≠ f ( m)
∴ f is an injective mapping.
Surjectivity: Let n be an arbitrary whole number.
If n is an odd number, then there exists an even whole number ( n + 1) such that
f ( n + 1) = n + 1 − 1 = n
If n is an even number, then there exists an odd whole number ( n − 1) such that
f ( n − 1) = n − 1 + 1 = n
Therefore, every n∈ W has its pre-image in W.
So, f : W → W is a surjective. Thus f is invertible and f −1 exists.
For f −1 : y = n − 1 ⇒ n = y + 1 and y = n + 1 ⇒ n = y − 1
n − 1, if n is odd
∴ f −1 ( n ) = 
n + 1, if n is even
Hence, f −1 ( y ) = y

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
1. show that a one – one function f: {1, 2, 3} {1, 2, 3} must be onto. [1]
3x − 2
2. If f(x) is an invertible function, find the inverse of f(x) = [1]
5
3. Let S = {1, 2, 3} Determine whether the function f: S S defined as below have inverse. [1]
f = { (1, 2) (2, 1) (3, 1) }
4. Find fog f(x) = 8x3, g(x) = x1/3 [4]
1
5. If f: R R be given by f(x) = ( 3 − x 3 ) 3 , find fof (x) [4]
6. f: R R be defined as f(x) = 3x check whether the function is one – one onto or other [4]
7. Show that the relation R defined by (a, b) R (c, d) ⇒ a + b = b + c on the set N × N is an
equivalence relation. [4]
8. Let L be the set of all lines in Xy plane and R be the relation in L define as [4]
R = {(L1, L2): L1 || L2}
Show then R is on equivalence relation.
Find the set of all lines related to the line y=2x+4.
9. Let * be the binary operation on H given by a * b = L. C. M of a and b. find [6]
(a) 20 * 16
(b) Is * commutative
(c) Is * associative
(d) Find the identity of * in N.
x+3
10. If the function f: R R is given by f(x) = and g: R R is given by g(x) = 2x – 3,
2
Find (i) fog (ii) gof. Is f-1 = g [6]
x
11. Show that the function f : R → { x ∈ R : − 1 < x < 1} defined by f ( x ) = , x ∈ R is one-one
1+ x
and onto function. [6]

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
[ANSWERS]
1. Since f is one – one three element of {1, 2, 3} must be taken to 3 different element of the
co – domain {1, 2, 3} under f. hence f has to be onto.
2. Let f(x) = y
3x − 2 5y + 2
= y, ⇒ x =
5 3
5y + 2
⇒ f −1 ( y ) =
3
3. f(2) = 1, f(3) =1
f is not one – one so that f is not invertible
Hence no inverse
4. fog (x) = f(gx)

 13 
= f x 
 
3
 1
= 8 x3 
 
= 8x
1
 1 3
1 3
 
f f ( x )  =  3 – ( 3 – x 3 ) 3  
3
5.
  
 
1
= (3 – 3 + x3 )3
=x
6. Let x1 , x2 ∈ R

3x1 = 3x2 [if f(x1 ) = f(x 2 )]
x1 = x2
f is one - one
y = 3x
y
x=
3
 y 3y
f  = =y
3 3
7. (a, b) R (c, d) ⇒ a + b = b + c where a, b, c, d ∈ N

(a, b ) R (a, b) ⇒ a + b = b + a (a, b) ∈ N × N
R is reflexive
(a, b) R (c, d) ⇒ a + b = b + c (a, b ) (c, d) ∈ N × N
⇒d + a = c + b
⇒c + b = d + a
⇒ (c, d) R (a, b) (a, b), (c, d) ∈ N × N
Hence reflexive.
(a, b) R (c, d) ⇒ a + d = b + c (1) (a, b), (c, d) ∈ N × N
(c, d) R (e, f) ⇒ c + f = d + e (2) (c, d), (e, f) ∈ N × N
Adding (1) and (2)
(a + b) + [(+f)] = (b + c) + (d + e)
a+f=b+e
(a, b) R (e, f)
Hence transitive
So equivalence
8. L1||L1 i.e (L1, L1) ∈ R Hence reflexive

L1||L2 then L2 ||L1 i.e (L1L2)∈ R
⇒ (L2,L)∈ R Hence symmetric
We know the
L1||L2 and L2||L3
Then L1|| L3
Hence Transitive . y = 2x+K
When K is real no .
9. (i) 20 * 16 = L. C.M of 20 and 16

 HCF = 4 
= 80  p( x) × q ( x) 
 LCM = 
 HCF 
(ii) a * b = L.C.M of a and b
= L.C.M of b and a
=b*a
(iii) a * (b * c) = a * (L.C.M of b and c)

= L.C.M of (a and L.C.M of b and c)
= L.C.M of a, b and c
Similarity
(a * b) * c = L. C.M of a, b, and c
(iv) a * 1 = L.C.M of a and 1

=a
Ans = 1
10. (i) fog (x) = f [g(x)]

= f (2x – 3)
2x − 3 + 3
=
2
=x
(ii) gof (x) = g [f(x)]

 x+3
= g 
 2 
 x+3
= 2 −3
 2 
=x
(iii) fog = gof = x

Yes,
11. f is one-one: For any x , y ∈ R – {+1}, we have f ( x) = f ( y)
x y
⇒ = ⇒ xy + x = xy + y ⇒ x= y
1+ x y +1
Therefore, f is one-one function.
f ( x) = y
x
If f is one-one, let y = R – {1}, then ⇒ =y
x +1

y
⇒ x=
1− y
It is cleat that x ∈ R for all y = R – {1}, also x ≠= −1
Because x = −1
y
⇒ = −1 ⇒ y = −1 + y which is not possible.
1− y
y
Thus for each R – {1} there exists x = ∈ R – {1} such that
1− y
y
x 1− y
f ( x) = = =y
x +1 y
+1
1− y
Therefore f is onto function.

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-02 Inverse Trigonometric Functions
1. Find the value of sin ( sin −1 a + cos −1 a )

[1]
 3π 
2. Find the value of sin-1  sin 
 5  [1]
3. Find the value of tan −1 3 − co t −1 ( − 3)
[1]
 1 
4. Find the principal value of sin-1  
 2 [1]
x  x− y
5. tan-1   − tan −1   evaluate
 y  x+ y [2]
 1  1
6. Find the value of tan −1 (1) + cos −1  −  + sin −1  − 
 2  2 [4]
3 8 84
7. Show that sin −1 − sin −1 = cos −1
5 17 85 [4]
−1  3 x − x 
3
2x
8. Prove that tan −1 x + tan −1 = tan  2 
1 − x2  1 − 3x  [4]
1 1 1 1 π
9. Prove that tan −1 + tan −1 + tan −1 + tan −1 =
5 7 3 8 4 [6]
 sin x + cos x  −1  3 4 
10. Simplify sin −1   or cos  5 cos x + 5 sin x 
 2    [6]

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
[ANSWERS]
Ans: 1 sin(sin −1 a + cos −1 a)

π π
sin Q sin −1 a + cos −1 a = 
2 2
=1
 3π 
Ans:2 sin −1  sin =?
 5 
 3π  −1   3π  
sin −1  sin  = sin sin  π −   Q sin ( sin θ )  = θ
−1
 5    5 
 −π π 
When θ ∈  , 
 2 2
2π
=
5
Ans: 3 ( )
tan −1 3 − cot −1 − 3 = ?
tan −1 3 − cot −1 (− 3)
( )
= tan −1 3 − π − cot −1 3 Q cot −1 (− x) = π − cot −1 x 
= tan −1 3 − π + cot −1 3
π
( 
)
= tan −1 3 + cot −1 3 − π Q tan −1 x + cot −1 x = 
 2
π π −π
= − =
2 1 2
 1 
Ans: 4 Let sin-1   =θ
 2
1
sin θ =
2
 −π π 
We know that θ ∈  , 
 2 2

π
sin θ = sin
4
π
θ=
4
 1  π
There for P.V. of sin −1   is
 2 4
x 
 −1 
x y
Ans: 5 tan −1   − tan −1  
 y  x +1 
y 
 
x 
 x   y −1    x − y 
tan −1   − tan −1   Q tan −1 x − tan −1 y = tan −1  
 y  1+ x    1 + xy  
 y 

x  x 
tan −1   −  tan −1   − tan −1 (1) 
 y   y 
x x
tan −1   − tan −1   + tan −1 (1)
 y  y
 π
tan −1  tan 
 4
= π
4
π  π
Ans: 6 tan −1 (1) = tan −1 tan   =
4 4
 −π π 
As θ ∈  , 
 2 2
 −1 
cos −1   = θ
 2 
−1
cos θ =
2
θ ∈ [0, π ]
 π
∴ cos θ = cos  π − 
 3

2π
θ=
3
 −1 
sin − 1  = θ
 2 
−1
sin θ =
2
 −π π 
θ ∈ , 
 2 2
 −π 
sin θ = sin  
 6 
−π
θ=
6
π 2π π
= + −
4 3 6
3π + 8π − 2π
=
12
9π
=
12
3π
=
4
3 8
Ans: 7 Let sin −1 =x sin −1 =y
5 17
3 8
sin x = sin y =
5 17
cos( x − y ) = cos x.cos y + sin x.sin y

4 15 3 8
cos( x − y ) = × + ×
5 17 5 17
60 24
= +
85 85

60 + 24
=
85
84
=
85
 84 
x − y = cos −1  
 85 
3 8  84 
sin −1 − sin −1 = cos −1  
5 17  85 
2x
Ans: 8 L.H.S = tan −1 x + tan −1
1 − x2
 2x 
 x+ 
= tan −1  1 − x2 
1 − x  2 x 
  
 1− x  
2
 x − x3 + 2 x 
 1 − x2 
= tan −1  
 (1 − x ) − 2 x
2 2

 1 − x2 
 3x − x3 
= tan −1  2 
 1 − 3x 
L.H.S = R.H.S
1 1 1 1
Ans: 9 L.H.S = tan −1   + tan −1   + tan −1   + tan −1  
5 7 3 8
 1 1   1 1 
 +   + 
= tan −1  5 7  + tan −1  3 8 
 1− 1 × 1   1− 1 × 1 
 5 7  3 8
 7+5   8+3 
 35   
−1
= tan   + tan  24 
−1
 35 − 1  
24 − 1

 35   24 
 12 35   11 24 
= tan −1  ×  + tan −1  × 
 35 34   24 23 
 6  11 
= tan −1   + tan − 1 
 17   23 

 6 11 
 + 
= tan −1  17 23 
 1 − 6 × 11 
 17 23 
 6 × 23 + 11×17 
 17 × 23 
= tan −1  
 17 × 23 − 6 × 11 
 17 × 23 
 325 
= tan −1  
 325 
= tan −1 (1)
 π
= tan −1  tan 
 4
π
=
4
3 4
Ans: 10 (i) = r cos θ , = r sin θ
5 5
Squaring both sides
9 16
r 2 cos 2 θ + r 2 sin 2 θ = +
25 25
25
r 2 (1) =
25
r =1
3 4
= cos θ = sin θ
5 5
4
tan θ =
3
 3 4 
cos −1  cos x + sin x 
5 5 
= cos [ cos θ .cos x + sin θ .sin x ]
−1
= cos −1 [ cos( x − θ )]
= x −θ
4
= x − tan −1
3

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
1
1. Find the principal value of cot −1 (− ). [1]
3
 13π 
2. Find the value of cos −1 cos( ) . [1]
 6 
π  −1  
3. Find the value of sin  − sin −1    [1]
3  2 
 ab + 1  −1  bc + 1  −1  ca + 1 
4. Prove that cot −1   + cot   + cot   = 0. [1]
 a −b   b−c   c−a 
5. sin(tan −1 x) = ? [2]
 cos x 
6. Explore tan −1   in the simplest form. [4]
 1 − sin x 
12 4 63
7. Show that sin −1 + cos −1 + tan −1 = π . [4]
13 5 16
 1 + sin x + 1 − sin x  x
8. Prove that cot −1  = [4]
 1 + sin x - 1 − sin x  2
 
 1 + x 2 -1 
−1
9. Write in simplest form that tan   [6]
 x 
 
10. Prove [6]

1 5 2 1 π
2 tan −1 + sec −1 + 2 tan −1 =
5 7 8 4
Or
1− x 1+ x
Prove that cos −1 x = 2 sin -1 = 2cos -1
2 2

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
[ANSWERS]
 −1 
1. Let cot −1   =θ
 3
−1
cot θ =
3
We know that θ ∈ ( 0, π )
 π
cot θ = cot  π − 
 3
2π
θ=
3
 −1  2π
There four p.v of cot -1  =
 3 3
 13π  13π
2. cos −1 cos  =
 6  6
13π
but ∉ [ 0, π ]
6
Which is principal branch of cos-1x
 13π   π
cos   = cos  2π + 
 6   6
π
=
6
π  −1  
3. sin  − sin −1   
3  2 
π  1 
sin  + sin −1    Q sin −1 (− x) = − sin x 
3  2 
π  π 
sin  + sin −1  sin  
3  6 
π π 
sin  + 
3 6

 2π + π   3π 
sin   = sin  
 6   6 
π
= sin =1
2
 a −b  −1  b − c  −1  c − a 
4. tan −1   + tan   + tan  
 1 + ab   1 + bc   1 + ca 
 −1 −1 1 
cot x = tan x , x > 0 
= tan −1 (a ) − tan −1 b + tan −1 b − tan −1 c + tan −1 c − tan −1 a
=0
5. sin(tan −1 ( x)] = ?
Let tan −1 x = θ
x
= tan θ
1
x
sin θ =
1 + x2
x
θ = sin −1
1 + x2
x
⇒ tan −1 x = sin −1
1 + x2
 x 
sin(tan −1 x) = sin  sin −1 
 1 + x2 
x
=
1 + x2
 cos x 
6. tan −1  
 1 − sin x 
 x x 
 cos 2 − sin 2 
−1
tan  2 2
x x x x
 cos 2 + sin 2 − 2sin cos 
 2 2 2 2
Q cos 2θ = cos θ − sin θ 
2 2
 
sin 2θ = 2sin θ cos θ 

 x x  x x
  cos + sin  cos − sin  
tan −1  
2 2  2 2
  x x
2

  cos − sin  
  2 2 
x
Dividing N and b by cos
2
 x
 1 + tan 
tan −1  2
x
1 − tan 
 2
 π x 
 tan + tan 
tan −1  4 2
π x
1 − tan . tan 
 4 2
  π x 
tan −1  tan  +  
  4 2 
π x
= +
4 2
12 4 63
7. Let sin -1 = x, cos −1 = y, tan −1 = z,
13 5 16
12 4 63
sin x = cos y = tan z =
13 5 16
12 3
tan x = tan y =
5 4

tan x + tan y
tan( x + y ). =
1 − tan x. tan y
12 3
+
= 5 4
12 3
1− ×
5 4
45 + 15
= 20
20 − 36
20
63  63 
= Q tan z = 
16  16 
tan( x + y ) = − tan z
tan( x + y ) = tan(π − z )
tan( x + y ) = tan(− z )
x+ y =π − z
x + y = −z
x+ y+ z =π
x + y ≠ −z
12 4 63
sin −1 + cos −1 + tan −1 =π
13 5 16
x x x x
8. 1 ± sin x = cos 2 + sin 2 ± 2 sin cos
2 2 2 2
2
 x x
=  cos ± sin 
 2 2
  x x
2
 x x 
2
  cos + sin  +  cos − sin  
−1   2 2  2 2 
cot 
2 2 
  x x  x x 
  cos + sin  −  cos − sin  
 2 2  2 2 
 x x x x
 cos + sin + cos − sin 
cot −1  2 2 2 2
x x x x
 cos + sin − cos + sin 
 2 2 2 2

 x
 2 cos 
cot −1  2
x
 2sin 
 2
 x
cot −1  cot 
 2
x
=
2
 1 + x2 − 1 
9. tan −1  
 x 
 
but x = tan θ
 1 + tan θ 2 − 1 
tan −1  
 tan θ 
 
 sec 2 θ − 1 
tan −1  
 tan θ 
 
 sec θ − 1 
tan −1  
 tan θ 
 1 
 −1 
−1 cos θ
tan 
sin θ 
 
 cos θ 
 1 − cos θ 
 
tan −1  cos θ 
sin θ
 
 cos θ 
 1 − cos θ 
tan −1  
 sin θ 
 θ 
 2sin 2
tan −1  2 
θ θ
 2 sin 2 cos 
 2 2
 θ θ
tan −1  tan  =
 2 2
1
= tan −1 x
2

1 1 5 2
10. L.H .S = 2 tan −1 + 2 tan −1 + sec −1
5 8 7
 1 1 5 2
= 2  tan −1 + 2 tan −1  + sec−1
 5 8 7
 8+5 
  5 2
= 2 tan −1  40  + sec−1
 40 − 1  7
 40 
 13  5 2
= 2 tan −1   + sec −1
 39  7
 −1 5 2

Q sec =θ
 7 
 5 2 
sec θ = 
 7 
1
tan θ =
7
1 1
= 2 tan −1 + tan −1
2 7
 −1 −1 2 x 
 2 tan x = tan 1 − x 2 
1
2×
= tan −1 3 + tan −1 1
2
1 7
1−  
3
 2 
  1
= tan −1  3  + tan −1
9 −1 7
 
 9 
2 9 1
= tan −1  ×  + tan −1
3 8 7

3 1
tan −1   + tan −1  
4 7
 3 1 
 + 
tan −1  4 7 
 1− 3 × 1 
 4 7
 21 + 4 
   25 
tan −1  28  = tan −1  
 28 − 3   25 
 28 
 π
= tan −1  tan 
 4
π
=
4
OR
Put cos −1 x = θ
x = cos θ
1 − cos θ 1 + cos θ
cos −1 (cos θ ) = 2sin −1 = 2 cos -1
2 2
θ θ
2sin 2 2 cos 2
θ = 2 sin −1 2 = 2 cos -1 2
2 2
 θ  θ
θ = 2 sin −1  sin  = 2 cos -1  cos 
 2  2
θ θ
θ = 2. = 2.
2 2
θ = θ = θ Prove.

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
1. Find the value of cot(tan −1 a + cot −1 a ) [1]

 1
2. Find the principal value of cos −1  −  . [1]
 2
  7π  
3. Find the value of tan −1  tan  6   . [1]
  
1  1− x 
4. Prove that tan −1 x = cos −1   [1]
2  1+ x 
 3π 
5. tan −1  tan  =? [1]
 4 
1 1 31
6. Prove 2 tan −1 + tan −1 = tan -1 [4]
2 7 17
 a cos x − b sin x 
7. Simplify tan −1  . [4]
 b cos x + a sin x 
8. If a>b>c>0 prove that [4]

 ab + 1  −1  bc + 1  -1  ca + 1 
cot −1   + cot   + cot   =π
 a −b   b−c   c−a 
 1+ x - 1− x  π 1
9. Prove that tan −1   = − cos x
−1
[6]
 1+ x + 1− x  4 2
1
10. If sin(sin −1 + cos −1 x) = 1 find x. [6]
5

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
[ANSWERS]
π
1. cot =0
2
 −1 
2. Let cos −1   = θ
 2 
−1
cos θ =
2
θ ∈ [ 0, π ]
 π
cos θ = cos  π − 
 3
2π
θ=
3
2π
P.V is
3
 7π  7π
3. tan −1  tan =
 6  6
7π  −π π 
but ∉ , 
6  2 2
 7π  −1   π 
Q tan −1  tan  = tan  tan  π +  
 6    6 
 π
= tan −1  tan 
 6
π
=
6
4. Put tan −1 x = θ
tan θ = x
tan 2 θ = x
−1  1 − tan θ 
2
1
R.H .S = cos  
 1 + tan θ 
2
2

1 1
= cos −1 ( cos 2θ ) = × 2θ = θ
2 2
−1
= tan x
 3π 
5. tan −1  tan =?
 π 
 3π  3π
tan −1  tan ≠
 π  4
3π  −π π 
as ∉ , 
4  2 2
 3π  −1   π 
Q tan −1  tan  = tan  tan  π −  
 4    4 
  π 
= tan −1  tan  −  
  4 
π
=−
4
1 1
6. L.H .S = 2 tan −1 + tan −1
2 7
1
2×
= tan −1 2 + tan −1 1  2 tan −1 x = tan −1 2 x 
1
2
7  1 − x 2 
1−  
2
1
1
= tan −1 4 − 1 + tan −1  
4 7
4 1
tan −1   + tan −1  
3 7
 4 1   28 + 3 
 +   
= tan −1  3 7  = tan −1  21 
 1− 4 × 1  21 − 4
 
 3 7  21 
 31 
= tan −1  
 17 

 a cos x b sin x 
 − 
7. tan − 1 b cos x b cos x 
 b cos x + a sin x 
 b cos x b cos x 
 a 
 b − tan x 
tan − 1 
a
 1 + tan x 
 b 
a
= − tan −1   − tan −1 ( tan x )
b
a
= tan −1   − x
b
 a −b  −1  b − c  −1  c − a 
8. tan −1   + tan   + π + tan  
 1 + ab   1 + bc   1 + ca 
tan −1 a − tan −1 b + tan −1 b − tan −1 c + π + (tan −1 c + tan −1 a )
=π
 −1  1  
Q cot x = π + tan  x  for
−1
x ∈ 0
   
9. Put x = cos 2θ
 1 + cos 2θ − 1 − cos 2θ 
L.H .S = tan −1  
 1 + cos 2θ + 1 − cos 2θ 
−1
 2 cos 2 θ − 2sin 2 θ 
= tan  
 2 cos 2 θ + 2sin 2 θ 
 
 2 cos θ − 2 sin θ 
= tan −1  
 2 cos θ + 2 sin θ 
 cos θ − sin θ 
= tan −1  
 cos θ + sin θ 
 1 − tan θ 
= tan −1  
 1 + tan θ 
 π 
= tan −1  tan  − θ  
 4 
π
= −θ
4

π 1
= − cos −1 x
4 2
 1 
10. sin  sin −1 + cos −1 x  = 1
 5 
 1  π
sin  sin −1 + cos −1 x  = sin
 5  2
1 π
sin −1 + cos −1 x =
5 2
1 1 1 π
sin −1 + cos −1 − cos −1 + cos −1 x =
5 5 5 2
π 1 π
− cos −1 + cos −1 x =
2 5 2
1
cos −1 x = cos −1
5
1
x=
5

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
1. Find the value of cos(sec −1 x + cos ec −1 x) [1]

−1
2. Find the principal value of cos ec (− 2) . [1]
 2π 
3. Find the value of sin −1 sin  . [1]
 3 
1 − cos x x
4. Prove that tan −1 = [1]
1 + cos x 2
 3a 2 x − x 3 
5. tan −1  3 2 
=? [1]
 a − 3ax 
1 −1 1 − y 
2
2x
6. Find the value tan sin −1 + cos [4]
2 1 + x2 1 + y 2 
π
7. Solve tan −1 2 x + tan −1 3 x = . [4]
4
8. Prove that [4]
9π 9 −1 1 9 2 2
− sin = sin −1
8 4 3 4 3
 3 3
9. Find the value of tan  sin −1 + cot −1  [6]
 5 2
x y
10. If cos −1+ cos −1 = α [6]
a b
2
x 2 xy y
Prove that 2 − cos x + =sin2 α
a ab b

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
[ANSWERS]
1. cos(sec −1 x + cos ec −1 x)
π
cos =0
2
2. (
Let cos ec −1 − 2 = θ )
cos ec = − 2
 −π π 
θ ∈ , − {0}
 2 2 
 −π 
cos ec = cos ec  
 4 
−π
θ=
4
−π
P.V is
4
 2π  2π
2. sin −1  sin ≠
 3  3
2π  −π π 
as ∈ ,
3  2 2 
 2π  −1   π 
sin −1  sin  = sin sin  π −  
 3    3 
  π 
= sin −1 sin   
  3 
π
=
3
 2 x

 2sin 
tan −1  2  = tan −1  tan 2 x 
4.  
 2 cos 2 x   2 
 2 


 x x
= tan −1  tan  =
 2 2
5. Put x = a tan θ
 3a 3 tan θ − tan 3 θ 
tan −1  3 
 a − 3a tan θ 
3 2
 a 3 ( 3 tan θ − tan 3 θ ) 
−1
tan  3 
 a (1 − 3 tan θ ) 
2
tan −1 ( tan 3θ )
= 3θ
x
= 3 tan −1
a
1 −1 1 − y 
2
2x
6. tan sin −1 + cos
2 1 + x2 1 + y 2 
Put x = tan θ , y = tan φ
1 2 tan θ −1 1 − tan φ 
2
tan sin −1 + cos 
2 1 + tan 2 θ 1 + tan 2 φ 
1
tan sin −1 ( sin 2θ ) + cos −1 ( cos 2φ ) 
2
1
tan [ 2θ + 2φ ]
2
1
tan 2 (θ + φ )
2
tan θ + tan φ x+ y
=
1 − tan θ .tan φ 1 − xy
π
7. tan −1 2 x + tan −1 3 x =
4
 2 x + 3x  π
tan −1  =
 1 − 2 x.3 x  4
5x π
= tan
1 − 6x 2
4
5x 1
=×
1 − 6 x2 1
1 − 6 x = 5x
2

6x2 + 5x − 1 = 0
( 6 x − 1)( x + 1) = 0
1
x = , x = −1
6
1
x=
6
9 π 1
8. L.H .S =  − sin −1 
42 3
9 1 1 1 π
= cos −1 Q sin −1 + cos −1 = 
4 3 3 3 2
1
cos −1 =θ
3
1
cos θ =
3
2 2
sin θ =
3
2 2
θ = sin −1
3
1 2 2
⇒ cos −1 = sin −1
3 3
9 2 2
= .sin −1
4 3
3 3
9. Let sin −1 =x cot −1 =y
5 2
3
cot y =
3 2
sin x =
5 2
tan y =
3
3
tan x =
4

 3 3
tan  sin −1 + cot −1  = tan( x + y )
 4 2
tan x + tan y
=
1 − tan x. tan y
3 2
+
= 4 3
3 2
1− ×
4 3
9+8
= 12
12 − 6
12
17
=
6
x y
10. cos −1 + cos −1 = α
a b
(
Q cos −1 x + cos −1 y = cos −1 xy − 1 − x 2 1 − y 2 
  )
x y x2 y2 
cos −1  . − 1 − 2 . 1 − 2  = α
 a b a b 
xy x2 y2
− 1 − 2 . 1 − 2 = cos α
ab a b
xy x2 y2
− cos α = 1 − 2 1 − 2
ab a b
Squaring both side
2
  y2 
2
 xy x2
 − cos α  =  1 − 1 − 
 ab   a2 b 2 
x2 y 2 xy  x 2  y 2 
+ cos 2
α − 2. .cos α = 1 − 2 1 − 2 
a 2b 2 ab  a  b 
x2 y 2 xy y 2 x2 x2 y 2
+ cos 2
α − 2 cos α = 1 − − +
a 2b 2 ab b 2 a 2 a 2b 2
x2 y2 xy
2
+ 2 − 2 cos α = 1 − cos 2 α
a b ab
2 2
x y xy
2
+ 2 − 2 cos α = sin 2 α
a b ab

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
 3 
1. Find the principal value of sec−1  . [1]
 3
 7π 
2. Find the value of cos −1  cos  [1]
 6 
1
3. Find the value of cot −1 . [1]
x2 − 1
x
4. Find tan-1 . [1]
a2 − x2
   1  
5. Find the value of tan −1  2 cos  2 sin −1     . [1]
   2  
x −1 x +1 π
6. If tan −1 + tan −1 = find x . [4]
x−2 x+2 4
8  3 77
7. Show that sin −1   + sin −1   = tan −1 [4]
 17  5 36
1− x 1
8. Solve tan −1 = tan −1 x [4]
1+ x 2
π
9. Find x if sin −1 (1 − x ) − 2sin −1 x = . [6]
2
π 1 a π 1 a  2b
10. Prove that : tan  + cos −1  + tan  − cos −1  = [6]
4 2 b 4 2 b a

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
[ANSWERS]
 2 
1. Let sec−1   =θ
 3
2
sec θ =
3
π 
θ ∈ [ 0, π ] −  
2
π
sec θ = sec
6
π
θ=
6
 2  π
P.V of sin −1  =
 3 6
 7π  7π
2. cos −1  cos ≠
 6  6
7π
as ∉ [ 0, π ]
6
∴
 7π   π
cos −1 cos   = π + 
 6   6
  5π  
cos −1 cos  2π − 
  6  
5π
=
6
 1 
3. cot −1  
 x −1 
2

put x = sec θ
 1  −1  1 
cot −1   = cot (cot θ )
−1
 = cot 
 sec − 1 
2
 tan θ 
= θ = sec −1 x
 x 
4. tan −1  
 a −x 
2 2
Put x = a sin θ
 a sin θ 
tan −1  
 a − a sin θ 
2 2 2
 
−1  a sin θ 
tan
( )
 a 2 1 − sin 2 θ 

 a sin θ 
tan −1  
 a cos θ 
tan −1 ( tan θ ) = θ
x
= sin −1  
a
   π  
5. tan −1  2 cos  2 sin −1  sin   
   6  
  π 
tan −1  2 cos  2  
  6 
 π
tan −1  2 cos 
 3
 1
tan −1  2. 
 2
tan −1 (1)
 π
tan −1  tan 
 4
π
=
4

 x −1 x +1 
 +  π
6. tan −1  x − 2 x + 2  =
1 −  x − 1  x + 1   4
  x − 2  
x + 2  
( x − 1)( x + 2 ) + ( x + 1)( x − 2 )
( x − 2 )( x + 2 ) = tan
π
( x − 2 )( x + 2 ) − ( x − 1)( x + 1) 4
( x − 2 )( x + 2 )
x3 + 2 x − x − 2 + x 2 − 2 x + x − 2
=1
( x 2 + 2 x − 2 x − 4)−)( x 2 − 1)
2 x2 − 4
=1
x2 − 4 − x2 + 1
2x2 − 4 1
=
−3 1
2 x − 4 = −3
2
2 x 2 = −3 + 4
2x2 = 1
1
x=±
2
8 3
7. Let sin −1 =x sin −1 =y
17 5
8 3
sin x = sin y =
17 5
tan x + tan y
tan( x + y ) =
1 − tan x. tan y
8 3
+
= 15 4
8 3
1− ×
15 4

32 + 45
= 60
60 − 24
60
77
tan( x + y ) =
36
8 3 77
sin −1 + sin −1 = tan −1
17 5 36
1− x
8. 2 tan −1 = tan −1 x
1+ x
 1− x 
2 
−1  1+ x   2x 
tan = tan −1 x  2 tan −1 x = tan −1
 1− x 
2
 1 − x 2 
1−  
 1+ x 
 1− x 
2 
 1+ x  =x
(1 + x ) − (1 − x )
2 2
(1 + x )
2
 1− x 
2 
 1+ x  =x
(1 + x + 2 x ) − (1 + x − 2 x )
2 2
(1 + x )
2
 1 − x  (1 + x )
2
2   × =x
 1+ x  4x
2 (1 − x 2 ) x
=
4x 1
1 − x2 = 2 x2
3x 2 = 1
1
x=±
3
π
9. sin −1 (1 − x) = + 2sin −1 x
2
π 
(1 − x) = sin  + 2sin −1 x 
2 

1 − x = cos(2sin −1 x)
1 − x = cos 2(sin −1 x)
cos 2 θ = 1 − 2 sin 2 θ 
= 1 − 2sin 2 (sin −1 x)
= 1 − 2 sin ( sin −1 x ) 
2
1 − x = 1− 2x2
2x2 − x = 0
x(2 x − 1) = 0
1
x = 0, x =
2
1 a
10. cos −1 = θ
2 b
π  π 
tan  + θ  + tan  − θ 
4  4 
1 + tan θ 1 − tan θ
= +
1 − tan θ 1 + tan θ
(1 + tan θ ) + (1 − tan θ )
2 2
=
1 − tan 2 θ
2 + 2 tan 2 θ
=
1 − tan 2 θ
 1 + tan 2 θ 
= 2 
 1 − tan θ 
2
 −1 a 
Q cos = 2θ 
2  b
=  
cos 2θ  a 
cos 2θ =
 b 
2
=
a
b
2b
=
a

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-03 Matrices
1. If a matrix has 8 elements, what are the possible orders it can have. [1]
2. Identity matrix of orders n is denoted by.

[1]
3. Define square matrix [1]
4. The no. of all possible metrics of order 3 × 3 with each entry 0 or 1 is [1]
1 4 7 
5. A =  2 5 8 Write (1) a33, a12 (ii) what is its order [2]
3 6 9 
5 2  3 6 
6. Find x and y if x + y =   and x – y =   [2]
0 9  0 -1
cosx -sinx 0 
7. f ( x) = sinx cosx 0  Show that f(x). f(y) = f(x+y) [2]
0 0 1 
3 -2  1 0
8. If A =   I = Find K. So that A2 = KA – 2I [4]
 4 -2  0 1
 −2 
9. A =  4  B = [1 3 -6] Prove ( AB ) ' = B ' A ' [4]
 5 
 α
0 -tan 
2 cosα -sinα 
10. A=  , Prove I + A = ( I − A)  [6]
 tan α sinα cosα 
0 
 2 

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
[ANSWERS]
CH-03 Matrices
1. 1× 8, 8 × 1, 4 × 2, 2 × 4,
2. In
3. A matrix in which the no. of rows are equal to no. of columns i.e. m = n
4. 512=29
5. (i) a33 = 9, a12 = 4
(ii) 3 × 3
5 2   3 6 
6. x+ y+ x− y =  + 
0 9   0 -1
8 8 
2x =  
0 8
4 4
x= 
0 4 
5 2  3 6 
( x + y) − ( x − y) =  − 
0 9  0 -1
 2 -4 
x+ y−x+ y =  
0 10 
1 -2 
y= 
0 5
7. L.H.S = f(x). f(y)

cosx -sinx 0  cosy -siny 0 

= sinx  
cosx 0  − siny cosy 0 
 0 0 1   0 0 1 
cosx cosy - sinx.siny +0 -sinycosx - sinx cosy + 0 0+0+0 

= sinx cosy + cosx.siny+0 -sinx.siny + cosx.cosy + 0 0 + 0 + 0 
 0 + 0 +0 0 + 0 +0 0 + 0 + 1 

cos(x+y) -sin(x+y) 0
sin(x+y) cos(x+y) 0  = F ( x + y )

 0 0 1 
8. A2 = A.A
3 -2  3 -2 
=  
 4 -2   4 -2 
9 - 8 -6 + 4 
= 
12 - 8 -8 + 4 
1 -2 
= 
 4 -4 
A2 = KA − 2 I
1 -2  3 -2  1 0
 4 -4  = K  4  −2
1 
   -2  0
1 -2  3K -2K   2 0 
 4 -4  =  4K =
-2K  0 2 
  
3 -2  3K -2K 
 4 -4  =  4K -2K 
  
K =1
 -2 -6 12 
9. AB =  4 12 -24 
 5 15 -30 
A ' = [ -2 4 5]
1
B′ =  3 
 −6 
 1
B ' A ' =  3  [ -2 4 5]
-6 

-2 4 5
= -6 12 15
12 -24 -30 
-2 4 5

AB ' = -6 12 15
 
12 -24 -30 
AB ' = B ' A '
α
10. Put tan =t
2
0 -t 
A= 
t 0 
1 0  0 -t 
I +A= +
0 1  t 0 
1 -t 
= 
 t 1
1 0  0 -t 
I −A= − 
0 1  t 0 
1 0  0 t 
= + 
0 1 -t 0 
1 t
=
-t 1
cosα -sinα 
L.H .S = ( I − A) 
sinα cosα 
 2 α α
1 − tan 2 −2 tan 2 
2
 
2 α 2 α
1 + tan 1 + tan 
= ( I − A) 
2 2
 2 α α
 2 tan 1 − tan 2 
 2 2
1 + tan α α 
2
1 + tan 2
 2 2 
1 − t 2 −2t 
1 
t  1+ t 
2
1+ t2 
=  
-t 1  −2t 1− t2 
1 + t 2 1 + t 2 

1 − t 2 t.2t −2t  1− t2  
 + +t   
 1 + t 2
1+ t2 1+ t2  1+ t2  
=
  1 − t 2  2t 2 
-t   −2t   1 − t  
2 
+ -t  2 
+ 2 
  1 + t  1 + t  1 + t   1 + t  
2
1 − t 2 + 2t 2 −2t + t − t 3 
 
1+ t2 1+ t2
= 
 −t + t 3 + 2t 2t 2 + 1 − t 2 
 1 + t 2 1+ t2 
1 + t 2 −t 3 − t 
 
1+ t2 1+ t2 
= 3
t + t t2 +1 
1 + t 2 1 + t 2 
 −t (1 + t 2 ) 
1 1 + t 2 
=
 t (1 + t 2 ) t2 +1 
 1 + t 2 1 + t 2 
1 -t 
=
t 1
L.H.S = R.H.S
Hence prove

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
CH-03 Matrices
1. Two matrices A = [aij] and B = [bij] are said to be equal if [1]
2. Define Diagonal matrix [1]
3. Every diagonal element of a skew symmetric matrix is _______ [1]
cosα -sinα 
4. If A =  , then A + A ' = I Find α [2]
sinα cosα 
1 5
5. A= Find A + A ' [2]
6 7 
1
6. Construct a 3 × 4 matrix, whose element are given by aij = −3i + j [2]
2
1 2 0  0 
7. for what values of x [1 2 1]  2 0 1  2  = 0 [4]
1 0 2   x 
2 -1 5 2 2 5
8. Let A =   , B=  , C= Find a matrix D such that CD – AB = 0 [4]
3 4 7 4 3 8 
3 -4  1+2n -4n 
9. If A=  , then prove that An =  where n is any positive integer [4]
1 1 n 1-2n 
10. Obtain the inverse of the following matrix using elementary operations [6]
0 1 2
A = 1 2 3 
3 1 1 

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
[ANSWERS]
CH-03 Matrices
1. They are of the same order.

2. A square matrix in which every non – diagonal element is zero is called diagonal matrix.
3. Zero.
cosα -sinα  cosα sinα 
4. A + A' =  +
sinα cosα  -sinα cosα 
 2cosα 0
=
0 2cosα 
A + A ' = I (Given)
 2cosα 0  1 0
0 =
 2cosα   0 1
2 cos α = 1
1
cos α =
2
π
cos α = cos
3
π
α=
3
1 5  1 6
5. A + A' =  +
6 7  5 7 
 2 11 
= 
11 14 

a11 a12 a13 a14 
6. Let A = a 21 a 22 a 23 a 24 
a 31 a 32 a 33 a 34  3×4
1 1
a11 = 1, a12 = , a13 = 0, a14 =
2 2
5 3
a 21 = , a 22 = 2, a 23 = , a 24 = 1
2 2
7 5
a 31 = 4, a 32 = , a 33 = 3, a 34 =
2 2
 1 1
1 2
0
2
 
5 3
A= 2 1
2 2 
 7 5 
4 3
 2 2  3×4
0 + 4 + 0 
7. [1 2 1]  0 + 0 + x  = 0
 0 + 0 + 2x 
4 
[1 2 1]  x =0

 2x 
4 + 2x + 2x = 0
4x =-4
x = -1
a b
8. Let D = 
c d 
2 5 a b 2 -1 5 2
3 − =0
 8  c d  3 4  7 4 
 2a + 5c 2b+5d  3 0
3a+8c − =0
 3b+8d   43 22 

 2a + 5c − 3 2b+5d  0 0
3a+8c-43 =
 3b+8d-22  0 0 
2a + 5c – 3 = 0
2b + 5d = 0
3a + 8c – 43 = 0
3b + 8d – 22 = 0
a = -191, b = -110, c = 77, d = 44
-191 -110 
D=
 77 44 
9. For n = 1
3 -4 
∴ A' = 
1 -1 
Hence result is true for n =1

Let result is true for n = k
1+2K -4K 
AK =  (i )
 K 1-2K 
now, we prove their result is true for n = k + 1

At +1 = A. AK
3 -4  1+2K -4K 
= .
1 -1   K 1-2K 
 2K+3 -4K-4 
=
 K+1 -2K-1 
∴P (K + 1) is true Hence P (n) is true.

10. A = IA
0 1 2  1 0 0
1 2 3 = 0 1 0  . A

3 1 1  0 0 1 

1 2 3  0 1 0
0 1 2  = 1 0 0  . A R1 ⇔ R2

3 1 1  0 0 1 
1 2 3  0 1 0 
D = 0 1 2  = 1 0 0  . A R3 → R3 − 3R1
0 -5 -8  0 -3 1 
1 0 -1 -2 1 0 
0 1 2  = 1 0 0  . A R1 → R1 − 2 R2
   
0 -5 -8  0 -3 1 
1 0 -1  -2 1 0 
0 1 2  = 1 0 0  . A R3 → R3 + 5 R2

0 0 2  5 -3 1 
 
1 0 -1 -2 1 0
  
2  =  1
1
0 1 0 0  .A R3 → R3
2
0 0 1   5 −3 1
 
2 2 2
1 −1 1
1 0 0 2 2 2
0  
1 2  = 1 0 0  .A R1 → R1 +R 3
 
0 0 1   5 −3 1
 
2 2 2
1 −1 1
1 0 0 2 2 2
0  
1 0  =  -4 3 -1  . A
 
0 0 1   5 −3 1
 
2 2 2
1 −1 1
2 2 2
−1  
A = -4 3 -1
5 −3 1
 
2 2 2

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
CH-03 Matrices
1. Matrices A and B will be inverse of each other only if [1]
2. Diagonal of skew symmetric matrix are: [1]
α β
3. If A =  and A2 = I. Find relation given by a2=I. [2]
γ -α 
4. If the matrix A is both symmetric and skews symmetric, then A will be. [2]
5. If A, B are symmetric matrices of same order, them AB – BA is a [2]
1 2 3 -7 -8 -9 
6. Find the matrix X so that X  = [4]
4 5 6   2 4 6 
0 1
7. A= , Show that [4]
0 0 
(aI + bA) n = a n I + na n −1bA, Where I is the identify matrix of order 2 and n ∈ N
8. Find the values of x, y, z if the matrix [4]
0 2y z 
A =  x y -z  Satisfy the equation A′A = I3
 x -y z 
9. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A, then (I + A)3 – 7A is equal to [4]
 3 1
10. If A =  2
 , Show that A - 5A = 7I = 0 [6]
-1 2 

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
[ANSWERS]
CH-03 Matrices
1. AB = BA = I
2. Zero
α β  α β 
3. A2 =   
γ -α  γ -α 
α 2 + βγ 2β − αβ 
= 2 
αγ − αγ βγ +α 
α 2 + βγ α  1 0 
ATQ.   = 
αγ − αγ βγ +α   0 1 
2
α 2 + βγ = 1
α 2 + βγ − 1 = 0
4. A1 = A
A1 = -A
⇒ A = -A
2A = 0
A=0
5. P = AB – BA
P ' = ( AB − BA) '
P ' = ( AB ) '− ( BA) '
Q A ' = A
= B ' A '− A ' B ' =  
B ' = B 
= BA − AB
= −( AB − BA)
= −P
a b 
6. Let X =  
c d 
 a b  1 2 3  -7 -8 -9 
∴  =
c d  4 5 6   2 4 6 

a+4b 2a+5b 3a+6b  -7 -8 -9 
c+4d =
 2c+5d 3c+6d   2 4 6 
a = 1, b = -2, c = 2, d=0
1 -2 
X =
2 0 
7. When n = 1
(aI + ba )1 = a1 I + 1.a1−1.ba
aI + bA = aI + bA
L.H.S = R.H.S
When n = k
(aI + bA)K = AKI + KaK-1bA……….. (i)
Result is true for n = k
When n = k + 1
(aI + bA)k+1 = (aI + bA). (aI + bA)k
= (aI + bA). (akI + kak-1ba) [From (i)]
= aI (akI + kak-1ba) + bA (akI + kak-1 bA)
= ak+1I + kakba + akba + kak-1 b2A2
Q I I = I 
 IA = A = AI 
 
= ak+1 + (k+1) akbA Q A2 = 0 
Hence result is true for n = k+1
When eves it is true for n = k
8. A ' A = I 3 (Given)
0 x x  0 2y z  1 0 0
2 y y -y   x y -z  = 0 1 0 

 z -z z   x -y z  0 0 1 
 2y 2 0  1 0
0 0
 
0 6y 2 0  = 0 1 0 
0 0 3z 2  0 0 1 

1 1 1
x=± ,y=± ,z = ±
2 6 3
9. (I + A)3 – 7A = I3 + A3 + 3IA (I + A) – 7A
= I + A3 + 3I2A + 3IA2 – 7A

= I + A3 + 3A + 3A2 – 7A
= I + A3 + 3A + 3A – 7A {A2 = A}
 A2 = A 
= I + A3 – A  3 2
 A = A 
= I + A2 – A
= I + A – A {A2 = A}
=I
10. A2 – 5A + 7I = 0
8 5  15 5  7 0
L.H .S =  − +
-5 3 -5 10  0 7 
0 0 
=  = R.H .S
0 0 
A2 = 5A – 7I
A2 = A2.A
= (5A – 7I) .A
= 5A2 – 7AI
= 5A2 – 7A [Q IA = A]
= 5(5A – 7I) – 7A
= 25A – 35I – 7A
= 18A – 35I
A4 = A3.A
= (18A – 35I).A
=18A2 – 35IA
= 18(5A – 7I) – 35A
= 90A – 126I – 35A
= 55A – 126I
3 1  1
0
= 55   − 126 
-1 2  1 
0
165 55  -126 0 
= + 
-55 110  0 -126 
39 55 
= 
-55 -16 

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
CH-3 Matrices
1. Give example of matrices such that AB = 0, BA = 0, A ≠ 0, B ≠ 0 [1]
2. If A and B are symmetric matrices of the same order, prove that AB + BA is symmetric [2]
2 3
3. If A =  , Prove that A – At is a skew – symmetric matrix [2]
4 5
4. If A is any square matrix, prove that AA1 is symmetric [2]

2 -3  x  1 
5. Solve for x given that  = [2]
1 1   4  3
6. Construct 2 × 3 matrix whose element aij are given by [4]

 2i+j when i<j
aij =  4i.j when i=j 
i+2j when i>j
1 2 3
7. If A = 3 -2 1 , then show that A3 – 23A – 40I = 0 [4]
 4 2 1
8 0  2 -2 
8. If A =  4 -2  B =  4
  2  then find the matrix X such that 2A + 3X = 5B. [4]
3 6  -5 1 
 2 -2 -4 
9. Express the matrix B = -1 3 4  as the sum of a symmetric and a skew symmetric
1 -2 -3 
matrix. [6]
1 1 1 3n-1 3n-1 3n-1 
 
10. If A = 1 1 1 , prove that A n = 3n-1 3n-1 3n-1  [6]
1 1 1 3n-1 3n-1
3n-1 


CBSE TEST PAPER-04
[ANSWERS]
CH-03 Matrices
1 0  0 0 
1. A=  ,B =  
0 0  0 1 
0 0 0 0 
AB =   , BA =  
0 0 0 0 
2. Let P = AB + BA
P ' = ( AB + BA) '
= ( AB ) '+ ( BA) '
= B ' A '+ A ' B
= BA + AB [ A ' = A, B ' = B ]
= AB + BA
=P
3. P = A − At
 2 3 -2 -4 
= +
 4 5 -3 -5 
0 -1
=
1 0 
0 1 
P' =  
-1 0 
0 -1
P' = − 
1 0 
P ' = −P
Prove
4. Let P = AA '
P ' = ( AA) '

= [ ( A ') ' A ']
= AA '
= P Pr ove

 2x-3y  1 
5.  x+y  = 3
   
2x – 3y = 1
x+y=3
x=3–y
2 (3 – y) – 3y = 1
-5y = -5
y=1
x=3–1
x=2
a11 a12 a13 

6. A=
a 21 a 22 a 23  2×3
For i = j
aij = 4i.j
a11 = 4 × 1 = 4
a22 = 4 × 2 × 2 = 16
For i < j
aij = 2i + j
a12 = 2 × 1 +2 = 4
a13 = 2 × 1 + 3 = 5
a23 = 2 × 2 + 3 = 7
For i > j
aij = I + 2j
a21 = 2 +2 × 1 = 4
 4 4 5
A= 
 4 16 7 
19 4 8 
7. A = A. A 1 12 8 
2
14 6 15 
1 2 3  19 4 8 
A = A. A 3 -2 1  1 12 8 
3 2 
 4 2 1  14 6 15 

63 46 69 
= 69 -6 23
92 46 63 
63 46 69  1 2 3  1 0 0 
A − 23 A − 40 I = 69
3
-6 23 − 23 3 -2 1  − 40  0 1 0 
  
92 46 63   4 2 1   0 0 1 
0 0 0 
= 0 0 0  = 0
0 0 0 
8. 3X = 5B – 2A
 2 -2  8 0
= 5  4 2  − 2  4
  -2 
-5 1  3 6 
10 -10   −16 0 
=  20 10  + -8 4 
-25 5  -6 -12 
 −6 -10 
12 14 
 
-31 -7 
 −6 -10 
1
X = 12 14 
3
-31 -7 
 2 -1 1
9. B ' =  -2 3 -2 
 -4 4 -3 
 −3 −3 
2 2 2 
 
1 −3
Let P = ( B + B ' ) =  3 1 
2 2 
 −3 
 1 -3 
 2 

 −3 −3 
2 2 2 
 
−3
P' =  3 1 =P
2 
 −3 
 1 -3 
 2 
1
Thus P = (B+B') is a symmetric matrix
2
 −1 −5 
0 2 2 
 
1  1
Let Q = ( B − B ' ) = 0 3 
3 2 
5 
 -3 0 
 2 
 −1 5 
0 2 2 
 
−1
Q' =  0 -3
2 
 −5 
 3 0 
 2 
 −1 −5 
0 2 2 
 
 1
Q' = 0 3 
2 
5 
 -3 0 
 2 
Q ' = −Q
1
Thus Q = ( B − B ') is a skew symmetric matrix
2
 −3 −3   −1 −5 
2 2 2   0
2 2 
   
 −3   1
P+Q = 3 1 + 0 3 
2  2 
 −3  5 
 1 -3   -3 0 
 2   2 
10. For n = 1

31-1 31-1 31-1  30 30 30  1 1 1
   
A ' = 31-1 31-1 31-1  = 30 30 30  = 1 1 1
31-1 31-1 31-1  30 30 30  1 1 1

Result is true for n = 1
Let it be true for n = k
3k-1 3k-1 3k-1 
 
Ak = 3k-1 3k-1 3k-1 
3k-1 3k-1 3k-1 

∴ Ak +1 = A. Ak
1 1 1 3 3k-1 
k-1
3k-1
 
= 1 1 1 3k-1 3k-1 3k-1 
1 1 1 3k-1 3k-1 3k-1 

3.3k-1 3.3k-1 3.3k-1 
 
= 3.3k-1 3.3k-1 3.3k-1 
3.3k-1 3.3k-1 3.3k-1 

3k 3k 3k 
 k k k
3 3 3 
3k 3k 3k 
 
Thus result is true for n = k+1
Whenever it is true for n = k

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
CH-03 Matrices
1. Given an example of matrix A and B such that AB = 0 but A ≠ 0, B ≠ 0 [1]
0 1 -1
2. Show that A = -1 0 1 , is skew symmetric matrix. [2]
1 -1 0 
 2 4
3. A=  , Prove that A + A ' is a symmetric matrix [2]
5 6 
-1 5
4. If A =   show that ( 3 A ) ' = 3 A ' [2]
3 2 
 x y  1  3
5. Solve for x and y, given that    =   [2]
3y x   2  5
cosθ sinθ   cos nθ sin nθ 

6. If A =   then prove that An =  [4]
-sinθ cosθ   -sin nθ cos nθ 
4 3
7. A= , find x and y such that A2 – xA + yI = 0 [4]
2 5
 cos 2 α cos α sinα   cos 2 β cos β sinβ 

8. If A =   , B =  
 cos α sinα sin 2 α  cos β sinβ sin 2 β 
π
Show that AB is a zero matrix if α and β differ by an odd multiple of . [4]
2
Find the condition for which AB=0
3 1 
9. If f(x) = x2 – 5x + 7 and A =   find f(A) [4]
-1 2 
 2 3  2 -2 
10. Find X and Y, if 2x + 3y =   and 3 x + 2 y =   [6]
4 0  -1 5 

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
[ANSWERS]
CH-03 Matrices
0 -1 3 5
1. α −β A=   , B = 3
0 2 0 0 
0 0
AB = 
0 0 
 0 -1 1 
x y  3   
2. 3y x  = 5 A ' = 1 0 -1
     -1 1 0 
0 -1 1
A ' = − -1 0 1
 
1 -1 0 
A ' = − A Prove
 2 4  2 5
3. P = A + A' =  +
5 6   4 6 
4 9 
P= 
9 12 
4 9 
P' =  
9 12 
P ' = P prove
-3 15
4. 3A = 
9 6 
-3 9 
(3 A) ' = 
15 6 
-1 3 
3A ' = 3 
5 2 
-3 9 
= Hence Proved.
15 6 

x y  3 
5. 3y x  = 5
   
x + 2y = 3 ………….. (i)
3y + 2x = 5 …………. (ii)
By multiplying eq. by 2 and subtracting eq. (ii) from (i)
put y = 1 in equation (i)

x + 2 (1) = 3
x=1
6. For n = 1
 cos1.θ sin1.θ   cosθ sinθ 
A' =  =
 -sin1.θ cos1.θ   -sinθ cosθ 
Result is true for n = 1

Let result is true for n = k
cos kθ sinkθ 
Ak = 
-sinkθ coskθ 
for n = k + 1
A k+1 = A.A k
cos θ sinθ  cos kθ sinkθ 
= .
-sinθ cosθ  -sinkθ coskθ 
cosθ .coskθ -sinθ .sinkθ cosθ .sinkθ +sinθ .coskθ 

=
sinθ .coskθ -cosθ .sinkθ -sinθ .sinkθ +cosθ .coskθ 
cos(θ +kθ ) sin(θ +kθ ) 

=
-sin(θ +kθ ) cos(θ +kθ ) 
cos(k + 1)θ sin(k + 1)θ 
=
-sin(k + 1)θ cos(k + 1)θ 
Thus result is true for n = k + 1

Whenever result is true for n = k

 4 3  4 3
7. A2 =  . 
 2 5  2 5
 22 27 
= 
18 31 
 22 27   4 3 1 0  0 0 
18 31  − x  2 5 + y 0 1 = 0 0 
       
 22-4x+y 27-3x   0 0 
18-2x =
 31-5x+y   0 0 
x=9
y = 14
 cos 2α cos 2 β +cosα .sinα .cosβ .sinβ cos 2α cosβ .sinβ +cosα .sinα .sin 2 β 
8. AB =  
 cosα sinα .cos β +sin α cosβ .sinβ cosα .sinα cosβ .sinβ +sinα sin 2 β 
2 2
cosα cosβ .cos (α − β ) cosα .sin.cos (α − β ) 

= 
sinα .cosβ .cos (α − β ) sinα .sinβ .cos (α − β ) 
0 0
=
0 0 
π
α − β is odd multiple of
2
∴ cos(α − β ) = 0
9. f(A) = A2 – 5A + 7I
8 5 
A2 =  
-5 3
f(A) = A2 – 5A + 7I
8 5  3 1  1 0 
=  −5  +7 
-5 3 -1 2  0 1 
8-15+7 5-5+0 
f ( A) = 
 -5+5+0 3-10+7 
0 0 
= 
0 0 
0 0
f ( A) = 
0 0 
10. On adding

 2 3   2 -2  4 1
5x + 5 y =   +  5( x + y ) = 3 
 4 0  -1 5  4 5
4 1

1 5 5
( x + y) =  
5 3
1
 5 
 2 -2   2 3 
x− y =  − 
-1 5   4 0 
 0 3
x− y =  
-5 5
 4 −24 
5 5 
2x =  
 −22 6 
 5 
 2 −12 
5 5 
x= 
 −11 3
 5 
4 1
5 5
x+ y =  
3 1
 5 
 2 −12  4 1 
5 5  5 5 
 + y = 
 −11 3  3 1
 5   5 1 
 4 1   −2 12 
5 5  5 5
y= + 
 3 1  11 -3 
 5   5 
4 2 1 12   2 13 
5 5 − +
5 5  5 5 
= = 
 3 + 11 1 − 3  14 -2 
 5 5   5 

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-04 Determinants
3 x 3 2
1. Find values of x for which = . [1]
x 1 4 1
2. A be a square matrix of order 3 × 3, there KA is equal to [1]
3 2 3
3. Evaluate ∆ = 2 2 3 [1]
3 2 3
4 y 4 2
4. Let = find all the possible value of x and y if x and y are natural numbers.[2]
x 1 4 1
5. Find the equation of line joining (3, 1) and (9, 3) using determinants. [2]
1 x yz
6. Using cofactors of elements of third column, evaluate ∆ = 1 y zx [6]
1 z xy
7. Show that, using properties of determinants. [6]
2
a +1 ab ac
ab 2
b +1 bc = 1 + a 2 + b 2 + c 2
ca cb c 2 +1
(y+z) 2 xy zx
8. xy (x+z) 2
yz = 2 xyz ( x + y + z )3 [6]
xz yz (x+y) 2
2 3 1 -2 
9. If A =  and B= then verify that (AB)-1 = B-1 A-1 [6]
1 -4  -1 3

 2 -3 5
10. 
If A = 3 2 -4  find A-1, using A-1 solve the system of equations [6]
1 1 -2 
2x – 3y + 5z = 11
3x + 2y – 4z = -5
x + y -2z = -3

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
[ANSWERS]
CH-04 Determinants
1. (3 – x)2 = 3 – 8
3 – x2 = 3 – 8
-x2 = -8
x=± 8
x = ±2 2
2. KA = K n A
n=3
KA = K 3 A
3. ∆ = 0 [C1 and C3 identical ]
4. 4 – xy = 4 -8
xy = 8
of x=1 x=4 x=8
y=8 y =1 y=1
5. Let (x, y) be any point on the line containing (3, 1) and (9, 3)
x y 1
3 1 1 =0
9 3 1
x − 3y = 0
6. ∆ = a13 A13 + a23 A23 + a33 A33
= yz ( z − y ) + zx( x − z ) + xy ( y − x)
= yz 2 − y 2 z + zx 2 − z 2 x + xy 2 − x 2 y

= zx 2 − x 2 y + xy 2 − z 2 x + yz 2 − y 2 z
= x 2 ( z − y ) + x( y 2 − z 2 ) + yz ( z − y )
= ( z − y )[ x 2 + x( z + y ) + yz ]
= ( z − y )[ x 2 − xz − xy + yz ]
= ( z − y[ x( x − y ) − z ( x − y )]
= ( z − y )[( x − y )( x − z )]
= ( z − y )( x − y )( x − z )
7. Multiplying R1 R2 and R3 by a, b, c respectively
a 3 +a a 2b a 2c
1
L.H .S = ab 2 b3 +b b2c
abc 2
ca c2 b c3 +c
Taking a, b, c, common from c1, c2, and c3
a 2 +1 a2 a2
abc 2
= b b 2 +1 b2
abc 2
c c2 c 2 +1
R1 → R1 + R2 + R3
1+a 2 +b 2 +c2 1+a 2 +b 2 +c 2 1+a 2 +b 2 +c 2
= b2 b 2 +1 b2
c2 c2 c2 +1
1 1 1
= (1+a 2 +b 2 +c2 ) b2 b 2 +1 b2
c2 c2 c 2 +1
C1 → C1 − C3 , C2 → C2 − C3
0 0 1
= (1+a 2 +b 2 +c2 ) 0 1 b2
-1 -1 c 2 +1
Expending along R1

= (1+a 2 +b 2 +c 2 ) 1( 0 + 1) 
= 1+a 2 +b 2 +c2
L.H .S = R.H .S
8. R1 → xR1 , R2 → yR2 , R3 → ZR3
x(y+z)2 x2y x 2z
1
∆= xy 2 y(x+z)2 y2z
xyz 2
xz yz 2 z(x+y) 2
(y+z)2 x2 x2
xyz 2
∆= y (x+z) 2 y2
xyz 2
z z2 (x+y) 2
C2 → C2 − C1 , C3 → C3 − C4
(y+z)2 x 2 -(y+z)2 x 2 -(y+z) 2

∆ = y2 (x+z) 2 -y 2 0
2
z 0 (x+y) 2 -z 2
Taking (x + y + z) common from c2 and C3
(y+z) 2 x-y-z x-y-z

∆ = ( x + y + z)2 y2 x+z-y 0
z2 0 x+y-z
R1 → R1 − ( R2 + R3 )
2yz -2z -2y
∆ = ( x + y + z) 2
y 2
x+z-y 0
z2 0 x+y-z
1 1
C2 → C2 + C1 and C3 → C3 + C1
y z

2yz 0 0
y2
∆ = ( x + y + z )2 y 2 x+z
z
z2
z2 x+y
y
Expending along R1
= ( x + y + z )3 (2 xyz )
2 3  1 -2 
9. AB = 
1 -4   -1 3
-1 5 
= 
5 -14 
AB = −11 ≠ 0
1
( AB ) adj ( AB )
−1
=
11
−1 -14 -5 
=
11 -5 -1 
1 14 5
=
11 5 1 
A = −11 ≠ 0, B =1≠ 0
−1 -4 -3
A−1 =
11 -1 2 
1 3 2
B −1 = 
1 1 1
−1  3 2   -4 -3
B −1 A−1 =
11 1 1  -1 2 
1 -14 -5
=
−11 -5 -1 
1 14 5
=
11 5 1 

Hence prove.
2 -3 5
10. A = 3 2 -4 
1 1 -2 
( A ) = −1 ≠ 0
A−1exists
1
A−1 = (adjA)
A
0 -1 2
1 
= 2 -9 23
−1
1 -5 13 
0 -1 -2 
= -2 9 -23
-1 5 -13
The given system of equation can be written is Ax = B, X = A-1B

2 -3 5  x  11 
3 2 -4   y  =  −5

1 5 -2   z  3 
−1
 x  2 -3 5 11 
 y  = 3 2 -4   −5 
    
 z  1 5 -2  3 
0 -1 -2  11 
= -2 9 -23  −5
-1 5 -13 3 
 x  1 
 y  =  2
   
 z  3 
x =1
=y=2
z =3

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
CH-04 Determinants
2
x -x+1 x+1
1. Solve [1]
x+1 x+1
1 -2
2. Find minors and cofactors of all the elements of the det. [2]
4 3
102 18 36
3. Evaluate 1 3 4 [2]
17 3 6
sin10o -cos10o
4. Show that =1 [2]
sin80o cos80o
2 -3 5
5. 6 0 4 Verify that a11 A31 + a12 A32 + a13 A33 = 0 [2]
1 5 -7
a+bx c+dx p+qx a c p

6. ∆ = ax+b cx+d px+q = (1 − x 2
)b d q [4]
u v w u v w
3 -4 
7. If A =   , find matrix B such that AB = I [4]
-1 2 
8. Show that, using properties of determinants. [6]
1+a 2 -b 2 2ab -2b

= (1+a 2 +b 2 )
3
2ab 1-a 2 +b 2 2a
2b -2a 1-a 2 -b 2
9. Using matrices solve the following system of equation [6]

2 3 10
+ + =4
x y z

4 6 5
− + =1
x y z
6 9 −20
+ + =2
x y z
1 -1 1 -4 4 4
10. Given A = 1 -2 -2  and B = -7 1
 3  find AB and use this result in solving the
 2 1 3  5 -3 -1
following system of equation. [6]

x− y+ z = 4
x − 2 y − 2z = 9
2 x + y + 3z = 1
11. Use product [6]
1 -1 2  -2 0 1
0 2 -3 9 2 -3 

3 -2 4  6 1 -2 
To solve the system of equations.

x – y + 2z = 1
2y – 3z = 1
3x – 2y + 4z = 2

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
[ANSWERS]
CH-04 Determinants
1. (x2 – x + 1) (x + 1) – (x + 1) (x – 1)
= x3 – x2 + x + x2 – x + 1 – (x2 – 1)
= x3 + 1 – x2 + 1
= x3 – x2 + x2
2. M 11 = 3, A11 = 3
M 12 = 4, A12 = −4 Q Aij = (−1)i + J .MiJ 
M 21 = −2, A21 = 2
M 22 = 1, A22 = 1
102 18 36 6 × 17 6×3 6× 6
3. =1 3 4 = 1 3 4
17 3 6 17 3 6
17 3 6
=1 3 4 =0
17 3 6
[R1 and R3 are identical]
4. = sin10.cos 80 + cos10sin 80
= sin(10 + 90)
= [Q sin A.cos B + cos A.sin B = sin( A + B )]
= sin 90
=1
a11 = 2, a12 = −3, a13 = 5

5.
A31 = −12, A32 = 22, A33 = 18
L.H .S = a11 A31 + a12 A32 + a13 A33
=2 (-12) + (-3) (22) +5 (18)
= 0 Hence prove.

6. L.H .S = R1 → R1 − xR2
a(1-x 2 ) c(1-x 2 ) p(1-x 2 )
∆ = ax+b cx+d bx+q
u v w
a c p
∆ = (1-x ) ax+b cx+d
2
bx+q
u v w
R2 → R2 − xR1
a c p
∆ = (1-x 2 ) b d q
u v w
7. A =2≠0
Therefore A-1 exists
AB = I
A-1 AB = A-1I
B = A-1
2 4
adj A =  
1 3 
1
A−1 = (adjA)
A
1 2 4
=
2 1 3 
1 2 
= 1 3 

2 2
1 2 
Hence B =  1 3 

2 2
8. R1 → R1 + b.R3
1+a 2 +b 2 0 -b(1+a 2 +b 2 )
L.H .S = 2ab 1-a 2 +b 2 2a
2b -2a 1-a 2 -b 2
Taking common (1 + a2 + b2) from R1

1 0 -b
= 1+a 2 +b 2 2ab 1-a 2 +b 2 2a
2b -2a 1-a 2 -b 2
R1 → R1 − a.R3
1 0 -b
= 1+a 2 +b 2 0 1+a 2 +b 2 a (1+a 2 +b 2 )
2b -2a 1-a 2 -b 2
Taking (1 + a2 + b2) common from R2
1 0 -b
= 1+a +b
2 2
0 1 a
2b -2a 1-a 2 -b 2
Expending entry R1
= (1 + a 2 + b 2 ) 2 [1(1 − a 2 − b 2 + 2a 2 ) − b(−2b)]
= (1 + a 2 + b 2 ) 2 [1 + a 2 − b 2 + 2b 2 ]
= (1 + a 2 + b 2 ) 2 (1 + a 2 + b 2 )
= (1 + a 2 + b 2 )3
1 1 1
9. Let = 4, = v, =w
x y z
24 + 3v + 10v = 4
44 – 64 + 5w = 1
64 + 9v – 20w = 2
 2 3 10  y 4
A =  4 -6 5  y = v  B = 1 
6 9 -20   w  2 
A = 1200 ≠ 0
75 75 
150
aiJA = 110
-100 30 
720 -24 
75 150 75 
1 
30 
1
A = ( adjA) =
−1
110 -100
A 1200 
72 0 -24 

y = A− 1 B
600 
1 
= 400 
1200 
 240 
1 
2
 
1
= 
3 
1 
 
 5 
1
 
y  2
v  =  1 
  3 
 w  
1 
 5 
1 1 1
u= , v= , w=
2 3 5
1 1 1 1 1 1
= , = , =
x 2 y 3 z 5
x = 2, y =3 z=5
10. x− y+ z = 4
x − 2 y − 2z = 9
2 x + y + 3z = 1
1 -1 1 x   4
Let A = 1 -2 -2  X =  y  C = 9 
 2 1 3   z  1 
AX = C
1 -1 1  -4 4 4 
AB = 1 -2 -2  -7 1 3
 2 1 3  5 -3 -1 
8 0 0

= 0 8 0 
0 0 8 
AB = 8 I

−1 −1
−1 1 Q A AB = 8 A I 
A = B 
8  B = 8 A−1 
AX = C
X = A−1C
-4 4 4   4
1
= -7 1 3  9 
8
5 -3 -1 1 
 x  3 
 y  =  −2 
   
 z   −1 
x = 3, y = −2, z = −1
1 -1 2  -2 0 1  1 0 0
11. 0 2 -3 9 2 -3  =  0 1 0 

3 -2 4  6 1 -2   0 0 1 
−1
1 -1 2 -2 0 1
0 2 
-3 = 9  2 -3 

3 -2 4  6 1 -2 
1 -1 2   x  1 
0 2 -3 =  y  = 1 

3 -2 4   z   2 
−1
 x  1 -1 2 1 
 y  = 0 2 -3 = 1 

  
 z  3 -2 4   2 
 x  0 
 y  = 5 
   
 z  3 
x=0 y=5 z=3

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
CH-04 Determinants
2 4 2x 4
1. Find value of x, if = [1]
5 1 6 x
2 3
2. Find adj A for A= [1]
1 4 
0 sinα -cosα 

3. Evaluate ∆ =  -sinα 0 sinβ  [2]
 cosα -sinβ 0 
x+y y+z z+x

4. Without expanding, prove that ∆ = z x y =0 [2]
1 1 1
1 -2 3
5. If matrix A = 1 2 1  is singular, find x. [2]
 x 2 -3
x+2 x+3 x+2a

6. If a, b, c is in A.P, and then finds the value of x+3 x+4 x+2b [4]
x+4 x+5 x+2c
7. Find the area of ∆ whose vertices are (3, 8) (-4, 2) and (5, 1) [4]
1 x x2
x = (1 − x3 )
2
8. Show that, using properties if det. x 2 1 [6]
2
x x 1
3 2
9. A =  , Find the no. a and b such that A2 + aA + bI = 0 Hence find A-1 [6]
1 1 
10. Solve by matrix method [6]

x–y+z=4
2x + y – 3 z = 0
x+y+z=2

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
[ANSWERS]
CH-04 Determinants
1. (2 – 20) = (2x2 – 24)

-18 = 2x2 – 24
-2x2 = -24 + 18
-2x2 = 6
2x2 = 6
x2 = 3
x=± 3
4 -3
2. adJ A =  
 −1 2 
 2 3 
Q A =  
 1 4  
 
 change sign inter-change 
0 sin β − sin α sin β − sin α 0

3. ∆=0 − sin α − cos α
− sin β 0 cos α 0 cos α − sin β
=0
4. R1 → R1 + R2
x+y+z x+y+z x+y+z

∆= z x y
1 1 1
1 1 1
∆ = ( x+y+z ) z x y
1 1 1
Q R and R3 
= 0 1 
 area identical 

5. For singular |A| = 0
1(-6 -2) + 2(-3 -x) + 3 (2 -2x) = 0
-8 – 6 – 2x + 6 – 6x = 0
-8x = + 8
x = -1
6. R1 → R1 + R3
2x+6 2x+8 2x+2a+2c

= x+3 x+4 x+2b
x+4 x+5 x+2c
2x+6 2x+8 2x+4b

= x+3 x+4 x+2b [ 2b = a + c ]
x+4 x+5 x+2c
R1 → R1 − 2 R2
0 0 0
= x+3 x+4 x+2b
x+4 x+5 x+2c
=0
x1 y1 1
1
7. ∆ = x2 y2 1
2
x3 y3 1
3 8 1
1
= -4 2 1
2
5 1 1
1
= 3 ( 2 − 1) − 8 ( −4 − 5 ) + 1( −4 − 10 ) 
2
1 61
= [3 + 72 − 14] =
2 2
8. C1 → C1 + C2 + C3
1+x+x 2 x x2
= 1+x+x 2 1 x
2 2
1+x+x x 1

1 x x2
= (1+x+x 2 ) 1 1 x
2
1 x 1
R1 → R1 − R3 R2 → R2 − R3
0 x-x 2 x2 −1
= (1+x+x 2 ) 0 1-x 2 x-1
2
1 x 1
0 x(1-x) -(1-x)(1+x)
= (1+x+x 2
)0 (1-x)(1+x) -(1-x)
1 x2 1
Taking (1 – x) common from R1 and R2
0 x -(1+x)
= (1+x+x ) (1-x) 0
2 2
1+x -1
1 x2 1
Expending along C1
= (1 + x + x 2 )(1 − x) 2 [− x + (1 + x) 2 ]
= (1 + x + x 2 )(1 − x) 2 ( − x + 1 + x 2 + 2 x )
= (1 − x)(1 + x + x 2 )(1 − x)(1 + x + x 2 )

= (1 − x 3 )
2
11 8
9. A2 = 
4 3
11 8 3 2 1 0
A2 + aA + bI =   +a  +b
4 3 1 1 0 1
11+3a+b 8+2a 
=
 4+a 3+a+b 
11+3a+b 8+2a   0 0
ATQ  =
 4+a 3+a+b   0 0 
a = -4, b =1
A2 – 4A + I = 0
A2 – 4A = -I

AAA-1 – 4AA-1 = -IA-1
A – 4I = -A-1
A-1 = 4I – A
1 -2 
= 
-1 3 
1 -1 1
10. A =  2 1 -3
1 1 1 
1 -1 1
A =  2 1 -3
1 1 1 
= 10 ≠ 0
4 2 2

AdJ A = -5 0 5
1 -2 3 
1
A−1 = ( adJ A )
A
4 2 2
1 
=  -5 0 5 
10
1 -2 3 
System of equation can be written is
X = A −1 B
4 2 2  4
1 
=  -5 0 5  0 
10
1 -2 3   2 
 x  2 
 y  =  −1 ,
   
 z  1 
x = 2, y = −1, z =1

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
CH-04 Determinants
x 2 6 2
1. If = , than x is equal to [1]
18 x 18 6
1 2
2. A =  is singular or not [1]
1 4 
a a2 bc 1 a2 a3
3. Without expanding, prove that b b2 ca = 1 b2 b3 [1]
c c2 ab 1 c2 c3
2 -3 5
4. A = 6 0 4 , Verify that det A = det ( A ') [2]
1 5 -7
1+a 1 1
 1 1 1
5. Show that using properties of det. 1 1+b 1 = abc 1 + + +  [4]
 a b c
1 1 1+c
= abc + bc + ca + ab
x x 2 1+x 3
6. If x, y, z are different and ∆ = y y2 1+y3 = 0 then show that 1 + xyz = 0 [4]
z z2 1+z3
7. Find the equation of the line joining A (1, 30 and B (0, 0) using det. Find K if D (K, 0)
is a point such then area of ∆ ABC is 3 square unit [2]
2 3
8. Show that the matrix A =   satisfies the equation A2 – 4A + I = 0.
1 2
Using this equation, find A-1 [4]
9. Solve by matrix method. [6]

3x – 2y + 3z = 8
2x + y – z = 1
4x – 3y + 2z = 4
10. The sum of three no. is 6. If we multiply third no. by 3 and add second no. to it,
we get II. By adding first and third no. we get double of the second no. represent it
algebraically and find the no. using matrix method. [6]

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
[ANSWERS]
CH-04 Determinants
1. x2 – 36 = 36 - 36
x2 = 36
x=± 6
1 1
2. A=
4 8
=8–8
=0
Hence A is singular
a2 a3 abc 1 a2 a3
1 2
3. b b3 abc = 1 b2 b3
abc 2
c c3 abc 1 c2 c3
a2 a3 1 1 a2 a3
abc
= b2 b3 1 =1 b2 b3
abc
c2 c3 1 1 c2 c3
1 a2 a3 1 a2 a3
C1 ↔ C3 
1 b2 b3 = 1 b2 b3 
C ↔ C3 
3  2
1 c2 c3 1 c2 c
Hence Prove
4. A = 2(0 − 20) + 3(−42 − 4) + 5(30 − 0)

= −28
2 6 1
A ' = -3 0 5
5 4 -7
A ' = −28
Hence prove.

5. Taking a, b, c common from R1, R2 and R3
1 1 1
+1
a a a
1 1 1
= abc +1
b b b
1 1 1
+1
c c c
R1 → R1 + R2 + R3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1+ + + 1+ + + 1+ + +
a b c a b c a b c
1 1 1
= abc +1
b b b
1 1 1
+1
c c c
1 1 1
 1 1 1 1 1 1
= abc 1 + + +  +1
 a b c b b b
1 1 1
+1
c c c
C1 → C1 − C3 , C2 → C2 − C3
0 0 1
 1 1 1 1
= abc  1 + + +  0 1
 a b c b
1
−1 −1 +1
c
Expending along R1
 1 1 1
= abc 1 + + +  [1]
 a b c
= abc + bc + ac + bc
x x2 1+x 3
6. ∆= y y2 1+y3
z z2 1+z3

x x2 1 x x2 x3
∆= y y2 1 +∆= y y2 y3
z z2 1 z z2 z3
1 x x2 1 x x2
=1 y y 2 + xyz 1 y y2
1 z z2 1 z z2
1 x x2
= (1 + xyz ) 1 y y2
1 z z2
1 x x2
 R2 → R2 − R1 
= (1 + xyz ) 0 y-x y2 − x 2 
2  3
R → R3 − R1 
0 z-x z −x
2
1 x x2
= (1 + xyz )( y − x )( z − x ) 0 1 y+ x
0 1 z+ x
= (1 + xyz )( y − x )( z − x )( z − y )
∆ = 0( given)
x, y, z all are different
x − y ≠ 0, y − z ≠ 0, z−x≠0
∴1 + xyz = 0
7. Let P (x, y) be any point on AB. Then area of ∆ ABP is zero

0 0 1
1
1 3 1 =0
2
x y 1
y = 3x
Area ∆ ABD =3 square unit
1 3 1
1
0 0 1 = ±3
2
K 0 1
k = ±2
2 3  2 3
8. A2 =  .
1 2  1 2 

7 12 
= 4
1 7 
7 12  8 12  1 0
A2 − 4 A + I =  − +
1 7   4 8  0 1
0 0 
= 
0 0 
=0
A2 − 4 A + I = 0
A2 − 4 A = − I
AAA−1 − 4 AA−1 = − IA−1
AI − 4 I = − IA−1 ∵ AA−1 = I 
A−1 = 4 I − A
 2 -3
= 
-1 2 
9. The system of equation be written in the form AX = B, whose

3 -2 3  x  8 
A =  2 1 -1  X =  y  B = 1 
 4 -3 2   z   4 
A = −17 ≠ 0
 −1 -5 -1
A−1 = -8 -6 9 
1
17
-10 1 7 
X = A− 1 B
 −1 -5 -1  8 
1 
=  -8 -6 9  1 
−17
-10 1 7   4 
 x  1 
 y  =  2
   
 z  3 
x = 1, y = 2, z =3
10. I=x II = y II = z
x+y+z=6
y + 3z = 11

x + z = 2y
This system can be written as AX = B whose
1 1 1  x  6 
A = 0 1 3 X =  y  B = 11
   
1 -2 1   z  0 
A =9≠0
A11 = 7, A12 = 3, A13 = −1
A21 = −3, A22 = 0, A23 = 3
A31 = 2, A32 = −3, A33 = 1
7 -3 2 
aiJ A = 3 0 -3 
-1 3 1 
7 -3 2 
aiJ A = 3 0 -3 
1 1
A−1 =
A 9
-1 3 1 
X = A− 1 B
x  7 -3 2  6 
 y  = 1 3 0 -3  11
  9  
 z  -1 3 1  0 
 x  1 
 y  =  2
   
 z  3 
x = 1, y = 2, z =3

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
CH-04 Determinants
1 2
1. If A =  , then show that 2 A = 4 A [1]
4 2 
2. A be a non – singular square matrix of order 3 × 3. Then adj A is equal to [1]
3. If A is an invertible matrix of order 2, then det is equal (A-1) to [2]
4. B = [ −7 ] find det B [2]
x x2 yz
5. Show that using properties of det. y y 2
zx = ( x − y )( y − z )( z − x)( xy + yz + zx) [4]
2
z z xy
α α2 β −γ
6. β β 2
γ + α = ( β − γ )( γ − α )(α − β )(α + β + γ ) [4]
γ γ2 α +β
7. Find values of K if area of triangle is 35 square. Unit and vertices are (2, -6), (5, 4), (K, 4) [4]
5 3 8
8. Using cofactors of elements of second row, evaluate ∆ = 2 0 1 [2]
1 2 3
3 1 
9. If A =   Show that A2 – 5A + 7I = 0. Hence find A-1 [6]
-1 2 
10. The cost of 4kg onion, 3kg wheat and 2kg rice is Rs. 60. The cost of 2kg onion, 4kg wheat
and 6kg rice is Rs. 90. The cost of 6kg onion 2kg wheat and 3kg rice is Rs. 70. Find the cost
of each item per kg by matrix method. [6]

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
[ANSWERS]
CH-04 Determinants
1 2 
1. 2A = 2   4 A = 4 × (2 − 8)
 4 2
2 4 
=  = 4 × (−6)
8 4 
2 A = 8 − 32 = −24
= −24
Hence Prove
n −1
2. adj A = A
n=3
3−1
adj A = A
= A
2
3. A is invertible AA-1 = I
det (AA-1) = det (I)
det A.(det A-1) = det ( 2 )  AB = A B 

1  1 0  
det A-1 =   = 0 i.e. I = 1
det A  0 1 
4. B = −7 [∵10] = a
5. R1 → R1 − R3 , R2 → R2 − R3
(x-z) (x 2 -z 2 ) yz-xy
= y-z y 2 -z 2 zx-xy
z z2 xy

1 x+z -(y)
= ( x − z )( y − z ) 1 y+z -x
2
z z xy
R1 → R1 − R2
0 x-y x-y
= ( x − z )( y − z ) 1 y+z -x
2
z z xy
0 1 1
= ( x − z )( y − z ) ( x − y ) 1 y+z -x
z z2 xy
= ( x − z )( y − z ) ( x − y )  −1( xy + zx ) + 1( z 2 − y 2 − z 2 ) 
= ( x − z )( y − z ) ( x − y ) [ − xy − zx − yz ]
= ( x − y ) ( y − z )( z − x )( xy + yz + zx )
6. R1 → R1 − R3 , R2 → R2 − R3
α −γ α2 −γ 2 β + γ −α − β
L.H .S = β − γ β −γ 2 2
γ +α −α − β
γ γ2 α +β
α −γ (α + γ ) (γ − α )
= β −γ ( β − γ )( β + γ ) γ −β
γ γ2 α +β
1 α +γ −1
= (α − γ )( β − γ ) 1 β +γ 1
γ γ 2
α +β
R1 → R1 − R2
0 α −β 0
= (α − γ )( β − γ ) 1 β +γ -1
γ γ 2
α +β
Expending along R1
= (α − γ )( β − γ )  − (α − β )(α + β + γ ) 
= ( β − γ )( γ − α )(α − β )(α + β + γ )

2 -6 1
7. area ∆ = 5 4 1
K 4 1
1
=  2 ( 4 − 4 ) + 6 ( 5 − K ) + 1( 20 − 4 K ) 
2
1
= [50 − 10 K ]
2
= 25 − 5 K
A + θ 25 − 5 K = 35
K = 12
8. ∆ = a21 A21 + a22 A22 + a23 A23

= −2(9 − 16) + 0(15 − 8) + 1(10 − 3)
= 14 + 0 − 7
=7
1 2 -1 2 8 5 3 1 1 0
9. A−1 =   A − 5 A + 7I =   −5  +7
7 1 3  -5 2  -1 2 0 1 
8-15+7 5-5+0  0 0 
= =
-5+50 3-10+7  0 0 
Prove.
A2 – 5A + 7I = 0 (given)
A2 – 5A = -7I
A2A-1-5AA-1 = -7IA-1
AAA-1 – 5AA-1 = -7IA-1
A – 5I = -7A-1  AA−1 = I 
7A-1 = 5I – A
1 0  3 1
= 5 −
0 1 -1 2 
2 1
=
1 3 
1 2 -1
A−1 = 
7 1 3 
10. cost of 1kg onion = x

cost of 1kg wheat = y
cost of 1kg rise = z
4x + 3y + 2z = 60

2x + 4y + 6z = 90
6x + 2y + 3z = 70
 4 3 2 60  x 
A =  2 4 6  B = 90  X =  y 
   
6 2 3  70   z 
4 3 2
A= 2 4 6 = 50 ≠ 0
6 2 3
0 -5 10 

aiJ A = 30 0 -20 
-20 10 10 
0 -5 10 
1 
-20 
1
A = ( aiJ A) = 30 0
−1
A 80
-20 10 10 
X = A− 1 B
 x  5
 y  = 8 
   
 z  8 
x = 5, y = 8, z =8

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-05 Continuity & differentiability
1. Find the values of K so that the function f is continues at the given value of x. [4]
 K cos x π
 π − 2 x , if x ≠ 2

 π
f ( x) =  at x =
 2
 π
3, if x = 2

2. Differentiate the function xsin x + (sin x)cos x [4]
−1 −1 dy − y
3. If x = a sin t , y = a cos t
show that = [4]
dx x
4. If y = (tan-1x)2 show that (x2 + 1)2 y2 + 2x (x2 + 1)y1 = 2 [2]
5. Verify Rolle’s Theorem for the function y = x2 +2 , [ -2 , 2] [2]
 2 x +1 
6. Differentiate sin −1  x 
[4]
1 + 4 
7. Differentiate sin2x w.r. to ecosx [2]
dy 1
8. If x 1 + y + y 1 + x = 0 prove that =− [4]
(1 + x )
2
dx
dy cos ( a + y )
2
9. If cosy = x cos (a + y) prove that = [4]
dx sin a
10. If x = a (cos t + t sin t) [4]
y = a (sin t – t cos t )
d2y
find
dx 2

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
K cos x
1. lim
f ( x) =lim π −
x→
π−
2
x→
2
π − 2x
π 
K cos  − h 
= lim  2 
π
h→0

π − 2 − h
2 
K sin h
= lim
h→0
π
π −2 + 2h
2
k sin h
= lim
h →0
2h
K  sin h 
= lim
h→0 . 
2  h 
K
=
2
lim
π+
f ( x) =lim π 3
x→ x→
2 2
= lim
h→0 3 = 3
K 3
ATθ =
2 1
K=6
2. Let y = u + v
When u = x sinx, v = (sinx)cosx
dy du dv
= + − − − −(1)
dx dx dx
u = x sin x
Taking log both side

log u = log xsinx
log u = sinx . logx
diff. both side w.r. to x
1 du 1
= sin x. + log x.cos x
u dx x
du  sin x 
=u + log x.cos x 
dx  x 
du  sin x + x log x.cos x 
= xsin x  
dx  x
v = (sin x)cos x
log v = log (sinx)cosx
log v = cos x.log(sin x)
Differentiation both side w.r. to x
1 dv 1
. = cos x. (cos x) + log(sin x)(− sin x)
v dx sin x
dv
= v [ cot x.cos x − log(sin x).sin x ]
dx
dv
= (sin x)cos x [ cot x.cos x − log(sin x).sin x ]
dx
Hence
dy  sin x + x log x.cos x 
= xsin x   + (sin x)cos x [ cot x cos x − log(sin x).sin x ]
dx  x 
−1
3. x = a sin t
Square both side

−1
x 2 = a sin t
Differentiation
dx −1 1
2x = a sin t .log a − − − − − (1)
dt 1− t2
−1
y = a cos t
−1
⇒ y 2 = a cos t

dy −1 −1
2y = a cos t log a − − − − − (2)
dt 1− t2
Dividing (2) and (1)
dy a cos−1 t log a −1
2y
dt = 1− t2
dx −1 1
2x a sin t log a
dt 1− t2
−1
y dy a cos t
. = − sin −1 t
x dx a
−1
y 2 ∵ a = y2 
cos t
y dy
. = − 2  −1 
x dx x  a sin t = x 2 
dy − y
=
dx x
4. y = (tan-1 x)2 (given)

Differentiation both side w.r. to x
1
y1 = 2 tan −1 x.
1 + x2
(1 + x 2 ) y1 = 2 tan −1 x
Again differentiation both side w.r. to

1
(1 + x 2 ) y2 + y1.(2 x ) = 2.
1 + x2
(1 + x 2 ) 2 y2 + 2 x( x 2 + 1) y1 = 2
5. y = x2 + 2 is continuous in [-2, 2] and differentiable in (-2, 2). Also f (-2) = f(2) = 6

Hence all the condition of Rolle’s Theorem are verified hence their exist value c such
that
f ′ (c) = 0
0 = 2c.
C=0
Hence prove.

 2 x +1 
6. y = sin −1  x 
 1+ 4 
 2 x.2 
= sin −1  x 2 
1 + (2 ) 
Put 2 x = tan θ
 2 tan θ 
= sin −1  
 1 + tan θ 
2
= sin −1 (sin 2θ )
= 2θ
y = 2.tan −1 2 x
dy 1 d
= 2. . (2 x )
dx 1 + (2 ) dx
x 2
2
= .2 x.log 2
1+ 4 x
7. u = sin 2 x
du
= 2sin x.cos x
dx
v = e cos x
dv
= ecos x ( − sin x )
dx
du 2sin x.cos x
=
dv −ecos x .sin x
2 cos x
=
ecos x
8. x 1+ y + y 1+ x = 0
x 1+ y = − y 1+ x
Square both side

x 2 (1 + y ) = y 2 (1 + x)
x 2 + x 2 y = y 2 + xy 2
x 2 − y 2 + x 2 y − xy 2 = 0
( x − y )( x + y ) + xy ( x − y ) = 0
( x − y )[ x + y + xy ] = 0
x + y + xy = 0
y (1 + x) = − x
−x
y=
1+ x
dy  (1 + x)(1) − ( x )(1) 
= − 
dx  (1 + x) 2 
1 + x − x 
= − 2 
 (1 + x) 
dy −1
=
dx (1 + x) 2
9. cos y = x.cos(a + y ) ( given)

cos y
x=
cos( a + y )
dx cos( a + y )( − sin y ) − cos y.( − sin(a + y ))
=
dy cos 2 ( a + y )
dx cos y.sin( a + y ) − sin y cos( a + y )
=
dy cos 2 ( a + y )
dx sin( a + y − y )
=
dy cos 2 (a + y )
dy cos 2 ( a + y )
=
dx sin a
10. x = a (cos t + t.sin t )
dx
= a [ − sin t + t.cos t + sin t.1]
dt
= a[t.cos t ] − − − − − (1)

y = a (sin t − t cos t )
dy
= a [ cos t. − ( −t sin t + cos t.1) ]
dt
= a.t.sin t − − − − − (2)
(2) ÷ (1)
dy a.t.sin t
=
dx a.t.cos t
dy
= tan t
dx
d2y d
= (tan t )
dx 2 dx
d dt
== (tan t ).
dt dx
1
= sec 2 t.
at cos t
d 2 y sec3 t
=
dx 2 at

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
1. Find all points of discontinuity if [4]

| x | +3, if x ≤ -3

f ( x ) =  −2 x, if -3 < x < 3
6x+2, if x≥3

2. Differentiate y = cos x 3 .sin 2 ( x 5 ) [2]

I B
dy
3. Find if x3 + x 2 y + xy 2 + y 3 = 81 [2]
dx
4. Differentiate xy = e(x-y) [4]
dy
5. Find if x = a (cos θ + θ sin 0) and y = a (sin 0 − θ cos θ ) [4]
dx
6. If y = 3 cos (log x) + 4 sin (log x). Show that x2y2 + xy1 + y = 0 [4]
7. Verify Rolle’s Theorem for the function f(x) = x2 + 2x – 8, x ∈ [-4, 2] [4]
dy  sin x 
8. Find y = tan −1   [2]
dx  1 + cos x 
d2y
9. If x = a (cos t + t sin t) and y = a (sin t – t cos t), find [4]
dx 2
f(x) g(x) h(x) f'(x) g'(x) h'(x)

dy
10. If y = l m n Prove that =l m n [4]
dx
a b c a b c

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
CLASS - XII MATHEMATICS (Calculus : Continuity and Differentiability)
[ANSWERS]
Topic:- Differences
1. At x = -3
f(-3) = |-3| + 3 = 3 + 3 = 6
lim
x→−3+
f (x) =lim
x→−3+
f (x)
= lim
x→−3+
− 2x
= lim
h→0 − 2( −3 + h)
=6
lim
x→−3+
f ( x) =lim
x→−3−
f (x) =lim
x→−3 f ( x) = 6
Hence continuous at x = -3
At x = 3
f (3) = 6 × 3 + 2 = 20
lim
x→3−
f ( x) =lim
x→3−
(−2x)
lim
h→0 −2(3 − h)
= −6
lim
x→3+
f ( x) =lim
x→3+
(6x + 2)
=lim
h→0 [6(3 + h) + 2]
= 20
lim
x→−3−
f ( x) ≠lim
x→3+
f (x)
Hence it is continuous
2. y = cos x 3 .sin 2 ( x 5 )
I B
dy d d
= cos x 3 sin 2 ( x 5 ) + sin 2 ( x 5 ) cos x 3
dx dx dx
= cos x 3 .2sin( x 5 ) cos x 5 .5 x 4 + sin 2 ( x 5 ).( − sin x 3 ).3x 2
= 10 x 4 sin( x 5 ) cos x 5 .cos x 3 − 3x 2 sin 2 ( x 5 ).sin x 3

3. Differentiate both side w.r.t. to x, x3 + x2y + xy2 + y3 = 81
dy dy dy
3x 2 + x 2 . + y.2 x + x.2 y + y 2 .1 + 3 y 2 =0
dx dx dx
(x 2
+ 2 xy + 3 y 2 )
dy
dx
= −3x 2 − 2 xy − y 2
dy ( 3x + 2 xy + y )
2 2
= 2
dx x + 2 xy + 3 y 2
4. xy = e x − y
log( xy ) = log e x − y
l og( xy ) = ( x − y ) log e
log x + log y = x − y {log e = 1}
Diff. both side w.r.t. to x
1 1 dy dy
+ . = 1−
x y dx dx
dy  1  1
 + 1 = 1 −
dx  y  x
x −1
dy
= x
dx 1 + y
y
dy x − 1 y
= ×
dx x 1+ y
y ( x − 1)
=
x (1 + y )
5. x = a (cos θ + θ .sin θ )
dx
= a [ − sin θ + θ .cos θ + sin θ .1]
dθ
dy
= a θ .cos θ − − − − − − − − − (1)
dx
y = a (sin θ − θ .cos θ )
dy
= a [ cos θ − ( −θ sin θ + cos θ .1) ]
dx
= a [ cos θ + θ .sin θ − cos θ ]

= a θ .sin θ − − − − − − − − − − − (2)
(2) ÷ (1)
dy a θ .sin θ
=
dx a θ .cos θ
= tan θ
6. y = 3cos(log x ) + 4sin(log x )
−3sin(log x ) 4 cos(log x )
y1 = +
x x
xy1 = −3sin(log x ) + 4 cos(log x )
Again diff.
−3cos(log x) 4sin(log x )
xy2 + y1.1 = −
x x
x y2 + xy1 = −3cos(log x) − 4sin(log x)
2
x 2 y2 + xy1 = − y
x 2 y2 + xy1 + = 0
7. The function y = x 2 + 2 x − 8, x ∈ [ −4, 2]
Continuous in [-4, 2] and differentiable in (-4, 2)
Also f ( −4) = f (2) = 0
Hence all the condition of all Rolle ’s Theorem, is verified
Their exist a value C
Such that f ′ (c) = 0
f ′ (c) = 2c +2
0 = 2C+2
C = -1
 sin x 
8. y = tan −1  
 1 + cos x 
 x x
 2 sin cos 
y = tan −1  2 2

2 x
 2 cos 
 2 
 x
y = tan −1  tan 
 2
x
y=
2

dy 1
=
dx 2
9. x = a (cos t + t.sin t )
dx
= a [ − sin t + t cos t + sin t.1]
dt
dx
= a ( t.cos t ) − − − − − − − − − −(1)
dt
y = a (sin t − t cos t )
dy
= a cos t − ( −t sin t + cos t.1) 
dt
= a [ cos t + t sin t − cos t ]
= a ( t.sin t )
dy a t.sin t
= = tan t
dx a t.cos t
d2y d
= (tan t )
dx 2 dx
d dt
= (tan t ).
dt dx
1
= sec 2 t.
a t.cos t
1
=
a t.cos3 t
f(x) g(x) h(x)
10. y= l m n
a b c
f'(x) g'(x) h'(x) f(x) g(x) h(x) f(x) g(x) h(x)

dy
= l m n + 0 0 0 + l m n
dx
a b c a b c 0 0 0
f'(x) . g'(x) . h'(x)

= l m n +0+0
a b c

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
1. Find the value of K so that function is continuous at the given value. [4]
 Kx+1 if x ≤π

f ( x) =  at x =π
cosx if x>π

2. Differentiate y = 2 cot x 2 [2]

dy
3. Find if sin 2 y + cos xy = π [4]
dx
dy
4. Find if y x + x y + x x = a b [4]
dx
dy
5. Find when x = a(θ -sinθ ), y = a(1+cosθ ) [2]
dx
d2y dy
6. If y = 3e 2 x + 2e3 x Prove that 2
−5 + 6y = 0 [4]
dx dx
−1 d2y dy
7. If y = e a cos x
Show that (1 − x 2 ) 2
− x − a2 y = 0 [4]
dx dx
3
  dy  2 
2
1 +   
  dx  
If ( x − a ) + ( y − b) = c Prove 
2 2 2
8. is a constant independent of a & b. [4]
d2y
dx 2
dy
9. Find , if y = sin −1 x + sin −1 1 − x 2 [4]
dx
dy
10. y = (sin x − cos x ) (sin x −cos x ) Find , [4]
dx

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
CLASS - XII MATHEMATICS [ANSWERS]
1.
lim
x→π−
f (x) =lim
x→π−
( Kx+1)
= lim  K (π − h ) + 1
h→0 
= Kπ + 1
lim
x →π +
f ( x) = lim
x →π +
cos x
h →0 cos(π + h) = h → 0 − cosh
= lim lim
= − cos 0 = 1
AT θ
Kπ + 1 = −1
−2
K=
π
2. y = 2 cot x 2
1
= 2. ( cot x 2 ) 2 . ( cot x 2 )
dy 1 − d
dx 2 dx
1
= − cos ec 2 x 2 .2 x
2
cot x
−2 x.cos ec 2 x 2
=
cot x 2
3. sin 2 y + cos xy = π
diff .
dy dy
2sin y cos y − sin xy ( x + y.1) = 0
dx dx
dy dy
2sin y.cos y − x.sin xy − y.sin xy = 0
dx dx
dy
(sin 2 y − x.sin xy ) = y sin xy
dx
dy y.sin xy
=
dx sin 2 y − x.sin xy
4. Let u = y x , v = x y , w = x x
u + v + w = ab
du dw dv
Therefore + + = 0 ----------------- (1)
dx dx dx

u = yx
log u = log y x
log u = x.log y
Differentiate both side w.r.t. to x
1 du 1 dy
. = x. . + log y.1
u dx y dx
du  x dy 
= u  . + log y 
dx  y dx 
du  x dy 
= y x  . + log y  -------------------- (2)
dx  y dx 
v = xy
log v = log x y
log v = y.log x
1 dv 1 dy
. = y. + log x.
v dx x dx
dv y dy 
= v  + log x. 
dx x dx 
dv y dy 
= x y  + log x.  ------------------------- (3)
dx x dx 
w = xx
log w = log x x
log w = x log x
1 dw 1
. = x. + log x.1
w dx x
1 dw
. = 1 + log x
w dx
dw
= w(1 + log x)
dx

dw
= x x (1 + log x) -------------------- (4)
dx
dx − x x (1 + log x) − y.x y −1 − y x log y
= (by putting 2,3 and 4 in 1)
dy x. y x −1 + x y log x.
dx dy
5. = a [1 − cos θ ] , = a [ 0 − cos θ ]
dθ dθ
dy −a sin θ
=
dθ a (1 − cos θ )
θ θ
−2sin cos
= 2 2 = − tan θ
θ 2
2sin 2
2
6. y = 3e 2 x + 2e3 x
dy
= 3e2 x .2 + 2e 3 x .3
dx
d2y
= 2
= 6e 2 x .2 + 6e3 x .3
dx
= 12e 2 x + 18e3 x
d2y dy
LHS = 2
− 5 + 6y
dx dx
= (12e 2 x + 18e3 x ) − 5 ( 6e2 x + 6e3 x ) + 6(3e2 x + 2e3 x )
= 12e 2 x + 18e3 x − 30e 2 x − 30e3 x + 18e 2 x + 12e 3 x

=0
−1
7. y = e a cos x
dy cos −1 x 1
= −a.ea .
dx 1 − x2
dy cos−1 x
1 − x2 = −e a .a
dx
d 2 y dy 1(−2) cos −1 x (−1)
1− x 2
2
+ = − ae a a
dx dx 2 1 − x 2
1 − x2
cos −1 x
d2y 1 dy a 2 e a
1− x 2
− . =
dx 2 1 − x 2 dx 1 − x2

d 2 y dy
(1 − x 2 )
cos−1 x
2
− = a 2ea
dx dx
2
(1 − x ) ddxy − dy
2
dx
−a 2
2
y=0
8. ( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2 = C 2 (Given ) − − − − − − − (1)
2( x − a ) + 2( y − b) y1 = 0
( x − a ) + ( y − b) y1 = 0 − − − − − − − − − − − − − (2)
Again diff. both side
(1 − 0) + ( y − b) y2 + y1. y1 = 0
1 + ( y − b) y2 + y12 = 0
−1 − y12
y−b =
y2
Put (y-b) in equation (1)
 1 + y12 
( x − a) −   y1 = 0
 y2 
 1 + y12 
x−a =  . y1
 y2 
Put the value of (x-a) and (y-b) in equation (1)
2 2
 1 + y12    1 + y12 
 y1  +   =C
2

y
 2    2  y
(1 + y )
2 2
1 y12
+
(1 + y ) 2 2
1
= C2
y22 y22
(1 + y )( y
2
1
2
1 + 1)
= C2
2
y 2
±
(1 + y ) 2 3
1
=C
y22
(1 + y )
3
2 2
± =C
1
3
y22 2

3
 dy  2 
2
 1 +  
 dx  
=C
d2y
dx 2
Hence prove
9. y = sin −1 x + sin −1 1 − x 2
Differentiate both side w.r.t. x
dy
=
1
+
1 d
( 1 − x2 )
dx 1 − x2
( ) dx
2
1− 1 − x2
1 1 1 ( −2 x )
+
1 − x2 1 − (1 − x 2 ). 2 1 − x 2
1 1  −x 
= + .
2 
1 − x2
( )  1− x 
2
1− 1 − x2
1 1  −x 
= +  
1− x 2
x2  1 − x2 
1 1  −x 
= +  
1− x x  1 − x2 
2
1 1
= − =0
1− x 2
1 − x2
10. y = (sin x − cos x )sin x −cos x
log y = log(sin x − cos x )sin x −cos x
log y = (sin x − cos x ).log(sin x − cos x )
Differentiate both side w.r.t. x
1 dy 1
. = (sin x − cos x ). (cos x + sin x ) + log(sin x − cos x ).(cos x + sin x )
y dx (sin x − cos x )
dy
= y  ( (cos x + sin x ) ) + log ( (sin x − cos x ) ) . ( cos x + sin x ) 
dx

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
1. Discuss the continuity of the function [4]
-2, if x ≤ -1

f ( x ) = 2x, if -1 < x ≤ 1
2, if x>1

dy sin( ax + b)
2. Find if y = [2]
dx cos( cx + d )
dy  3x − x 3 
3. Find if y = tan −1  2 
[2]
dx  1 − 3x 
1
dy
4. Find , if y= ( x cos x ) x + ( x sin x ) x [4]
dx
 t dy
5. x = a  cos t + log tan  , y = a sin t find [4]
 2 dx
2
d 2 y  dy 
6. If e y ( x + 1) = 1 show that =  [4]
dx 2  dx 
 1 a
t+   1 dy
7. y = a t
and x =  t +  Find [4]
 t dx
 1 + sin x + 1 − sin x 
8. y = cot −1   [4]
 1 + sin x − 1 − sin x 
dy
9. If y = cos x + cos x + cos x + ........ Prove that (1 − 2 y ) = sin x [4]
dx
π x  dy
10. y = log tan  +  Show that − sec x = 0 [4]
 4 2 dx

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
[ANSWERS]
1. At x = -1
f(-1) = -2
lim
x →−1−
f ( x ) = lim
x →−1−
( −2 )
lim
x→0 −2
= −2
lim
x →−1+
f ( x ) = lim
x →−1+
2x
lim
h →0 2(−1 + h)
= −2
Hence continuous at x = -1
x =1
f (1) = 2 × 1 = 2
lim
x →1− f ( x) = lim
x →1− 2 x
lim
h →0 2(1 − h)
=2
lim
x →1+
f ( x) =lim
x →1+
2
lim
x→ 0 2
=2
Continuous
sin( ax + b)
2. y=
cos( cx + d )
d d
cos(cx + d ) sin(ax + b) − sin(ax + b) cos(cx + d )
dy dx dx
=
dx cos2 ( cx + d )
dy cos(cx + d ) cos(ax + b).a + sin( ax + b) sin(cx + d ).c
=
dx cos2 (cx + d )

 3x − x 3 
3. y = tan −1  2 
 1 − 3x 
Put x = tan θ
 3 tan θ − tan 3 θ 
y = tan −1  
 1 − 3 .tan θ 
2
y = tan −1 [ tan 3θ ]
y = 3θ
y = 3. tan −1 x
Diff.
dy  1 
= 3 2 
dx 1+ x 
4. Let y = u + v
1
Where u = ( x cos x ) x , v = ( x.sin x ) x
u = ( x cos x ) x
log u = log( x cos x ) x
log u = x.log( x.cos x )
Differentiate
1 du 1
. = x. ( − x sin x + cos x.1) + log( x cos x ).1
u dx x cos x
du
= u [ − x tan x + 1 + log( x.cos x )]
dx
1
v = ( x.sin x ) x
1
log v = log( x.sin x ) x
1
log v = .log( x.sin x )
x
Differentiate
1 dv 1 1  1 
. = . ( x cos x + sin x.1) + log( x.sin x )  − 2 
v dx x x.sin x  x 

dv  cot x 1 log( x sin x ) 
= v + 2− 
dx  x x x2
dy du dv
= +
dx dx dx
1
 cot x 1 log( x.sin x ) 
= ( x cos x ) x  − x. tan x + 1 + log ( x.cos x )  + ( x.sin x ) x  + 2− 
 x x x2
 t
5. x = a  cost + log tan 
 2
 
dx  1 2 t 1
= a  − sin t + .sec . 
dt t 2 2
 tan
 2 
 
 
 
 1 1 1
= a  − sin t + × × 
 t t 2
sin cos2
 2 2 
 t 
 cos 
 2 
 
 1 
= a  − sin t +
t t
 2sin .cos 
 2 2
 1 
= a  − sin t +
 sin t 
 − sin 2 t + 1 
=a 
 sin t 
 cos 2 t 
= a 
 sin t 
dx cos2 t
=a
dt sin t
y = a sin t
dy
= a cos t
dt

dy a cos t
=
dx cos2 t
a
sin t
sin t
=
cos t
dy
= tan t
dx
6. e y ( x + 1) = 1 (Given)
Differentiate
dy
e y (1) + ( x + 1)e y . =0
dx
 dy 
e y 1 + ( x + 1)  = 0
 dx 
dy
1 + ( x + 1) =0
dx
dy −1
=
dx x + 1
d2y  ( x + 1)( 0 ) − (1)(1) 

= −  
( x + 1)
2
dx 2  
 1 
= 2
 ( x + 1) 
d2y 1
=
( x + 1)
2 2
dx
2
d2y  1 
= 
dx 2  x + 1 
2
d 2 y  dy 
= 
dx 2  dx 
1
t+
7. y=a t
1
dy t+  1
= a t .log a. 1 − 2 
dt  t 
a
 1
x = t + 
 t

a −1
dx  1  1
= at +  .1 − 2 
dt  t  t 
t
t+  1
a t .log a  1 − 2 
dy
=  t 
a −1
dx  1  1
a  t +  1 − 2 
 t  t 
t
t+
a t .log a
= a −1
 1
at + 
 t
2
 x x
8. 1 ± sin x =  cos ± sin 
 2 2
  x x
2
 x x 
2
  cos + sin  +  cos − sin  

−1   2 2  2 2 
y = cot
 2 2 
  x x  x x 
 cos + sin  −  cos − sin 
  2 2  2 2  
x x x x
cos + sin + cos − sin
= cot −1 2 2 2 2
x x x x
cos + sin − cos + sin
2 2 2 2
 x
 2 cos 2 
−1
= cot 
x
 2sin 
 2
 x
= cot −1  cot 
 2 
x
=
2
x
y=
2
dy 1
=
dx 2
9. Let y = cos x + cos x + cos x............
y = cos x + y

Squaring both side
y 2 = cos x + y
Differentiate
dy dy
2y = − sin x +
dx dx
dy
(2 y − 1) = − sin x
dx
dy
(1 − 2 y ) = + sin x
dx
dy
(1 − 2 y ) = sin x
dx
π x 
10. y = log tan  + 
 4 2
dy 1 π x   1 
= .sec 2  +  .  
dx π x   4 2 2
tan  + 
 4 2
1 1 1
= × ×
π x  π x  2
sin  +  cos2  + 
 4 2  4 2
π x 
cos  + 
 4 2
1
=
π x  π x 
2sin  +  .cos  + 
 4 2   4 2
1
=
  π x 
sin  2  +  
  4 2 
1
=
π 
sin  + x 
2 
1
=
cos x
dy dy
= sec x , hence − sec x = 0
dx dx

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
1. For what value of K is the following function continuous at x = 2? [2]
2x+1 ; x<2

f ( x) = K ; x=2
3x − 1 ; x>2

 1+ x − 1− x 
2. Differentiate the following w.r.t. to x tan −1   [4]
 1+ x + 1− x 
 5 x + 12 1 − x 2  dy
3. If y = sin −1   find [4]
 13  dx
 
4. Discuss the continuity of the following function at x = 0 [2]
 x4 + 2 x3 + x2
 , x ≠ 0
f ( x ) =  tan −1 x
0
 , x=0
5. Verify L.M.V theorem for the following function f(x) = x2 + 2x + 3, for [4, 6] [2]
sec x − 1 π 
6. If f ( x) = , find f ' ( x ) also find f '   [4]
sec x + 1 2
dy y
7. If x p y q = ( x + y ) p + q prove that = [4]
dx x
d2y
8. If x = a sin pt , y = b cos pt find the value of at t = 0 [4]
dx 2
9. If y x 2 + 1 = log ( )
x 2 + 1 − x prove that ( x 2 + 1)
dy
dx
+ xy + 1 = 0 [4]
dy cos x
10. If y = sin x + sin x + sin x + ........... + ∞ prove that = [4]
dx 2 y − 1
OR
dy sin 2 ( a + y )
If sin y = x sin( a + y ) prove that =
dx sin a

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
[ANSWERS]
1. lim
x →2−
f ( x) =lim
x → 2−
(2 x − 1)
= lim
h →0 [2(2 − h) + 1]
=5
= lim
x → 2+
f ( x) = lim
x → 2+
(3x − 1)
= lim
h → 0 3(2 + h) − 1
=5
at x = 2
f (2) = K
ATθ
5= K =5
K =5
 1+ x − 1− x 
2. y = tan −1  
 1+ x + 1− x 
Put x = cos 2θ
 1 + cos 2θ − 1 − cos 2θ 
y = tan −1  
 1 + cos 2θ + 1 − cos 2θ 
 2 cos2 θ − 2 cos2 θ 
= tan −1  
 cos2 θ + 2 cos2 θ 
 
 2(cos θ − sin θ ) 
= tan −1  
 2(cos θ + sin θ ) 
 cos θ sin θ 
 − 
= tan −1  cos θ cos θ 
cos θ sin θ
 + 
 cos θ cos θ 
 1 − tan θ 
= tan −1 
 1 + tan θ 

 π 
 tan − tan θ 
−1 4
= tan  
π
 1 + tan . tan θ 
 4 
 π 
= tan −1  tan  − θ  
 4 
π
= −θ
4
π 1
y= − cos −1 x
4 2
dy 1  −1 
= 0−  
dx 2  1 − x2 
1
=
2 1 − x2
 5 x + 12 1 − x 2 
3. y = sin −1  
 13 
 
Put x = sin θ
 5 x + 12 1 − sin 2 θ 
y = sin −1  
 13 
 
 5sin θ + 12 cos θ 
= sin −1  
 13
5 12 
= sin −1  sin θ + cos θ 
 13 13 
5
Let = r cos α
13
12
= r sin α
13
12
tan α =
5
Squaring and adding
25 144
+ = r 2 (sin 2 α + cos2 α )
169 169

1 = r2
r =1
5 12
= cos α , = sin α
13 13
⇒ y = sin −1[cos α .sin θ + sin α .cos θ ]
= sin −1 sin (θ + α ) 
= θ +α
y = sin −1 x + tan −1 (12 5 )
dy 1
= +0
dx 1 − x2
1
=
1 − x2
 x 4 + 2 x3 + x 2 
4. lim
x → 0−
f ( x) =lim
x →0 −  −1 
 tan x 
 x ( x 4 + 2 x3 + x ) 
= lim
x → 0−
 
 tan −1 x 
h →0 ( h + 2h + h )
h
= lim
h→0 −1
×lim 3 2
tan h
= 1× 0
=0
lim
x → 0+
f ( x) = 0
Hence continuous
5. Since f(x) is polynomial hence continuous in the interval [4, 6] thus f(x) is differentiable
in (4, 6) both condition of L.M.V theorem are satisfied.
f (b) − f (a )
∴ f '(c) =
b−a
f (6) − f (4)
2c + 2 =
6−4
51 − 27
2c + 2 =
2
c = 5 ∈ (4,6)

sec x − 1
6. f ( x) =
sec x + 1
1 − cos x
f ( x) =
1 + cos x
x
2sin 2
= 2
x
2 cos2
2
x
= tan 2
2
x
f ( x ) = tan
2
x 1
f '( x ) = sec 2 .
2 2
π  π 1
f '   = sec 2 .
2 4 2
1
= 2.
2
=1
7. x p y q = ( x + y ) p+q
p log x + q log y = ( p + q ) log( x + y )
p q dy 1  dy 
+ . = ( p + q ).  1 +  + log( x + y ).(0)
x y dx ( x + y )  dx 
p q dy p + q  dy 
+ . = 1 + 
x y dx x + y  dx 
dy  q p + q  p + q p
− = −
dx  y x + y  x + y x
dy  qx + qy − py − qy  px + qx − px − py
dx  y( x + y) = ( x + y ). x

dy  qx − py  qx − py
=
dx  y ( x + y )  ( x + y ). x

dy y
=
dx x
8. x = a sin pt
dx
= a cos pt. p − − − − − (1)
dt
y = b cos pt
dy
= −b sin pt. p − − − − − − − (2)
dt
dy −b
= tan pt − − − − − −(2 ÷ 1)
dx a
d 2 y −b d dt
2
= . (tan pt ).
dx a dt dx
−b 1
= .sec 2 pt. p.
a a cos pt. p
−b 3
= sec pt
a2
d2y −b
2 
= 2 sec3 ( p.0 )
dx  t =0 a
−b
= (1)
a2
−b
=
a2
9. y x 2 + 1 = log ( x2 + 1 − x )
1 dy 1  1( 2 x ) 
y. ( 2x) + x 2 + 1. =  − 1
2 x2 + 1 dx x2 + 1 − x  2 x2 + 1 
xy dy 1  x − x2 + 1 
+ x 2 + 1. =  
x2 + 1 dx x 2 + 1 − x  x 2 + 1 
xy + ( x 2 + 1) dy
=
− ( x2 + 1 − x )
x2 + 1 dx − ( x2 + 1 − x ) x2 + 1
xy + ( x 2 + 1)
dy
= −1
dx

(x 2
+ 1)
dy
dx
+ xy + 1 = 0
10. Let y = sin x + sin x + sin x + ............. + ∞
y = sin x + y
Squaring both side
y 2 = sin x + y
dy dy
2y = cos x +
dx dx
dy
( 2 y − 1) = cos x
dx
dy cos x
=
dx 2 y − 1
OR
sin y = x sin( a + y )
sin y
x=
sin( a + y )
dy sin(a + y ) cos y − sin y cos(a + y )
=
dx sin 2 (a + y )
dy sin(a + y − y )
=
dx sin 2 (a + y )
dy sin 2 (a + y )
=
dx sin a

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-06 Application of Derivatives
1. The length x of a rectangle is decreasing at the rate of 3 cm/ mint and the width y [4]
is increasing at the rate of 2cm/min. when x = 10cm and y = 6cm, find the ratio of
change of (a) the perimeter (b) the area of the rectangle.
2. Find the interval in which the function given by f(x) = 4x3 – 6x2 – 72x + 30 is [4]
(a) strictly increasing (b) strictly decreasing.
3. x2 y2 [4]
Find point on the curve + = 1 at which the tangents are (i) parallel to x –
4 25
axis (ii) parallel to y – axis
4. 1 [4]
Use differentiation to approximate ( 25) 3
5. Prove that the volume of the largest cone that can be inscribed in a sphere of [6]
8
radius R is of the volume of the sphere.
27
6. The volume of a cube is increasing at a rate of 9cm3/s. How fast is the surface [4]
area increasing when the length of on edge is 10cm?
7. Find the interval in which the function is strictly increasing and decreasing. [4]
(x+1)3 (x-3)3
8. Find the equations of the tangent and normal to curve x 2 3 + y 2 3 = 2 at (1, 1) [4]
9. IF the radius of a sphere is measured as 9cm with an error of 0.03cm, then [4]
find the approximate error in calculating its volume.
10. A wire of length 28m is to be cut into two pieces. One of the pieces is to be [6]
made into a square and the other into a circle. What should be the length of
the two pieces so that the combined areas of the square and the circle is
minimum.

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-06 application of derivatives
dx dx
1. = −3cm / mint, = 2cm / mint
dt dt
(a) Let P be the perimeter
P = 2( x + y )
dP  dx dy 
= 2 + 
dx  dt dt 
= 2( −3 + 2)
= −2cm / mint
(b) A = xy
dA dy dx
= x + y.
dt dt dt
= 10(2) + 6( −3)
= 20 − 18
= 2cm 2 / mint
2. f ( x ) = 4 x 3 − 6 x 2 − 72 x + 30
f '( x ) = 12 x 2 − 12 x − 72
= 12( x 2 − x − 6)
= 12[ x 2 − 3x + 2 x − 6]
= 12[ x ( x − 3) + 2( x − 3)]
= 12( x − 3)( x + 2)
Put f '( x ) = 0
x = −2, 3

int Sign of f’(x) Result
( −∞, −2 ) + tive Increase
( −2, 3) + tive Decrease
( 3, ∞ ) + tive increase
Hence function is increasing in ( −∞, −2 ) and ( 3, ∞ ) decreasing in (-2, 3)
x2 y2
3. + = 1 − − − − − − − − − (1)
4 25
Differentiate side w.r.t. to x
2 x 2 y dy
+ =0
4 25 dx
dy −25 x
= .
dx 4 y
For tangent || to x – axis the slope of tangent is zero
0 −25 x
=
1 4y
x=0
Put x = 0 in equation (1)
y = ±5
Points are (0, 5) and (0, -5) now is tangent is || is to y – axis
x = 27, ∆x = −2 1
4. Let y=x 3
Let x = 27, ∆x = −2
1 1
Then ∆y = ( x + ∆x ) 3 − ( x ) 3
1 1
∆y = ( 25) 3 − ( 27 ) 3
1 1
( 25) 3 = ∆y + ( 27 ) 3
1
( 25 ) 3 = ∆y + 3 − − − − − − − −(1)
dy ∼ ∆y
 dy 
dy =   .∆x [∵ ∆x = −2]
 dx 

1 −32
= x .( −2)
3
= −0.074 [ x = 27]
Put the value of dy in equation (1)
1
( 25) 3 = 0.074 + 3
= 2.926
5.
1 r2 = R2 − x2 
V = π r 2h
3  
V = π . ( R2 − x2 ). ( R + x )
1
3
= π  ( R 2 − x 2 ) (1) + ( R + x )( −2 x ) 
dv 1
dx 3
1
= π  ( R + x )( R − x ) − 2 x ( R + x ) 
3
1
= π ( R + x )[ R − x − 2 x]
3
1
= π ( R + x )( R − 3x ) − − − − − − − −(1)
3
dv
put =0
dr
R = − x (neglect )
R = 3x
R
=x
3
On again differentiate equation (1)
d 2v 1
= π ( R + x )( −3) + ( R − 3 x )(1) 
dx 2 3 
d 2v  1  R  R 
2 
= π  R +  ( −3) +  R − 3.  
dx  x = R 3  3  3 
3

1  4R 
= π × −3 + 0
3  3 
−1
= π 4R
3
d 2v
< 0 Hence maximum
dx 2
Now v = π ( R 2 − x 2 ) ( R + x ) 
1  R
3  x = 3 
1  2  R  2    R  
v= π  R −     R +    
3   3    3   
1  8R 2 4 R 
= π ×
3  9 3 
8  4 3
v=  π R
27  3 
8
v= Value of sphere
27
8
Value of cone = = of value of sphere.
27
6. Let x be the length, V be the volume and S be the surface area of cube
dv
= 9cm 3 / s
dt
v = x3
dv dx
= 3x 2
dt dt
dx
9 = 3x 2
dt
3 dx
=
x 2 dt
s = 6x2
ds dx
= 12 x
dt dt
3
= 12 x × 2
x
ds 36
=
dt x
ds  36
=
dt  x =10 10
= 3.6cm 2 / sec
7. f ( x ) = ( x + 1)3 ( x − 3)3
f '( x) = ( x + 1)3 .3( x − 3)2 + ( x − 3)3 .3( x + 1) 2

= 3( x + 1) 2 ( x − 3) 2 [ x + 1 + x − 3]
= 3( x + 1)2 ( x − 3)2 [ 2 x − 2]
= 6( x + 1) 2 ( x − 3)2 ( x − 1)
put f '( x ) = 0
x = −1, 3, 1
int Singh of f’(x) Result
( −∞, −1) -tive Decrease
( −1,1) -tive Decrease
(1,3) +tive Increase
( 3, ∞ ) +tive Increase
8. x2 3 + y2 3 = 2
Differentiate both side w.r.t to x
2 −31 2 −31 dy
x + y =0
3 3 dx
1
dy  y 3
= − 
dx x
dy  1
= − (1 ) 3 = −1
dx  (1,1)
Slope of tangent = -1
−1
Slope of normal =
dy
dx
−1
=
( −1)
=1

9. Let r be radius and ∆r be error
r = 9cm
∆r = 0.03cm
4
v = π r3
3
 dv 
dv =   .∆r
 dr 
4
= .π 3r 2 .∆r
3
= 4π ( 9 ) × 0.03
2
= 9.72π cm 3
10. Let 1st length = x

2nd length = 28-x
2π r = x
x
r=
2π
4a = 28 − x
x
a =7−
4
AT θ
A = area of circle + area of square
2 2
 x   x
π   + 7 − 
 2π   4
2
x2  x
A = π. 2 + 7 − 
4π  4
dA 2 x  x  1 
= + 2 7 −  − 
dx 4π  4  4 
dA
=0
dx

1 x x
7 −  =
2 4  2π
x x
7− =
4 π
x x
7= +
π 4
 4+π 
7 = x 
 4π 
28π
=x
4 +π
d 2 A 1 1  −1 
= −  
dx 2 2π 2  4 
1 1
= +
2π 8
+tive hence minimum
28π
1st length =
4 +π
28 28π
2nd length = −
1 4 +π
4 +π −π 
= .28 
 4 + π 
112
=
4 +π

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
1. A ladder 5m long is leaning against a wall. The bottom of the ladder is [4]
pulled along the ground away from the wall, at the rate 2cm/s. how fast is
its height on the wall decreasing when the foot of the ladder is 4m away
from the wall.
2. A particle moves along the curve 6y = x3 + 2. Find the points on the curve at [4]
which the y-coordinate is changing 8 times as fast as the x – coordinate.
3.  π [4]
Find the interval in which increase/decrease. f ( x ) = sin 3x, x ∈ 0, 
 2
4. Find the intervals in which the function f given by [4]
f ( x ) = sin x + cos x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π is strictly increasing or decreasing.
5. Find the equation, of the tangent line to the curve y = x2 – 2x + 7 which is [4]
(a) Parallels to the line 2x – y + 9 = 0
(b) Perpendicular to the line 5y – 15x = 13
6. x2 y2 [4]
Find the equation of the tangent to the hyperbola − = 1 at the point
a 2 b2
(xo, yo).
7.
( 0.0037) [4]
1
2
Find the approximate value of
8.
( 3.968)
3
2 [4]
Using differentiates find the approximate value of
9. Show that the right circular cone of least curved surface area and given [6]
volume has an altitude equal to 2 time the radius of the base.
10. Show that semi – vertical angle of right circular cone of given surface area [6]
1
and maximum volume is sin −1  
 3

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
dx
1. = 2cm / s
dt
dx
= 0.02m / sec
dt
x 2 + y 2 = 52
dx dy
2x + 2y =0
dt dt
When x = 4
y = 52 − 4 2
=3
dy
2 × 4 ( 0.02 ) + 2 × 3 =0
dt
dy 2 × 4 × 0.02
=
dt 2×3
0.08 100
=− ×
3 100
8
− cm / sec
3
2. 6 y = x 3 + 2 − − − − − −(1)
dy dx
6 = 3x 2
dt dt
dx dx  dy dx 
6 × 8 = 3 x 2 ∵ = 8 
dt dt  dt dt 
16 = x 2
x = ±4
Put the value of x in equation (1)
when x = 4
6 y = (4)3 + 2

= 64 + 2
68
y=
6
( 4,11)
when x = −4
6 y = ( −4)3 + 2
= −64 + 2
−62
y=
6
 −62 
 −4, 
 6 
 −31 
 −4, 
 3 
3. f ( x ) = sin 3x
f '( x ) = 3cos 3x
f '( x ) = 0
cos 3 x = 0
π
3x =
2
π
x=
6
int. Sign of f’(x) Result

 π +tive increase
0, 6 
π π  -tive Decrease
 , 
 6 2
 π π π 
Hence, f(x) is increasing on  0,  and decreasing on  , 
 6 6 2
4. f ( x ) = sin x + cos x

f '( x ) = cos x − sin x
f '( x ) = 0
cox − sin x = 0
sin x cos x
=
cos x cos x
tan x = 1
π 5π
x= , as
4 4
0 ≤ x ≤ 2π
int Singh of f’(x) Result
 π +tive Increase
 0, 
 4
 π 5π  -tive Decrease
 , 
4 4 
 5π  +tive increase
 , 2π 
 4 
5. Let (x, y) be the point a

(a) y = x2 – 2x + 7 ---------- (1)
dy
= 2x − 2
dx
dy 
= 2 x1 − 2
dx  x , y
Slope of line = 2
AT θ 2 x1 − 2 = 2
x1 = 2
y1 = x12 − 2 x1 + 7 [ from (1)]

y1 = 4 − 4 + 7
=7

Equation of tangent
dy
y − y1 = ( x − x, )
dx
y − 7 = 2x − 4
2x − y + 3 = 0
(b) 5 y − 15 x = 13
−( −15)
Slope of Line = =3
5
ATθ ( 2 x − 2 ) × 3 = −1, x = 5 6
Put x1 in equation (1)

2
5 5
y =   − 2  + 7
6 6
25 10
= − +7
36 6
25 − 60 + 7 × 36
=
36
−35 + 252
=
36
217
=
36
Equation of tangent
dy
y − y1 = ( x − x1 )
dx
217 −1  5
y− = x− 
36 3  6
36 y − 217 −1  x 5 
=  − 
36 3  1 6
36 y − 217 −1  6 x − 5 
=  
36 3  6 
12 x + 36 y − 217 = 0
x2 y2
6. − =1
a 2 b2
2 x 2 y dy
− =0
a 2 b 2 dx
−2 x
dy 2
= a
dx −2 y
b2
−2 x b 2
= ×
a 2 −2 y
dy  x b2
= .
dx  xo yo y a 2
xo b 2
= .
yo a 2
Equation
dy x b2
y − y1 = ( x − x1 ) ⇒ y − y0 = 0 2 ( x − x0 )
dx y0 a
yyo a 2 − yo 2 a 2 = xxob 2 − xo 2b 2
xo 2b2 − yo 2 a 2 = xxo b2 − yyo a 2

Dividing by a2b2
xo 2b2 yo 2 a 2 xxo b 2 yyo a 2
− = 2 2 − 2 2
a 2b 2 a 2b 2 ab ab
2 2
xo y xx yy
− o = 2o − 2o
a 2 b2 a b
xxo yyo
1= a − 2 From (1)
a2 b
1
7. Let y = x 2
x = 0.0036, ∆x = 0.0001
1
y + ∆y = ( x + ∆x ) 2
1
∆y = ( x + ∆x ) 2 − y
 dy  1 1
  .∆x = ( x + ∆x ) 2 − ( x ) 2
 dx 
1 1
1
.∆x = ( x + ∆x ) 2 − ( x ) 2
2 x
We get

1
( x + ∆x ) 2 = 0.0608
1
(0.0037) = 0.0608 2
y=x
3
8. 2
x = 4, ∆x = −0.032
y + ∆y = ( x + ∆x )
3
2
∆y = ( x + ∆x ) 2 − y
3
 dy 
  .∆x = ( x + ∆x ) − x
3 3
2 2
 dx 
3
( x ) 2 .∆x = ( x + ∆x ) 2 − x 2
1 3 3
2
( 3.968)
3
2
= 7.904
vo
9. − cos α
l
vo = l cos α
OA
= sin α
l
OA = l sin α
1
V = π ( OA ) .vo
2
3
1
= π ( l sin α ) . ( l cos α )
2
3
1 2
= π l .sin 2 α .l cos α
3
1
= π l 3 sin 2 α .cos α
3
dv π l 3
=  − sin 3 α + 2sin α .cos2 α 
dα 3 
For maximum/minimum
dv
=0
dα
sin 3 α = 2sin α .cos2 α

tan α = 2, α = tan −1 2
1 1
cos α = =
1 + tan α
2
3
d 2v π l 3
=  −3sin 2 α .cos α + 2 ( sin α .2 cos α ( − sin α ) + cos2 α .cos α )
dα 2 3  
π l3
=  −3sin 3 α .cos α − 4sin 2 α .cos α + 2 cos3 α 
3 
π l3
=  −7sin 2 α .cos α + 2 cos α 
3
-tive maximum
α = tan −1 2
10. s = π r 2 + π rl (Given )
s − π r2
l=
πr
Let v be the volume
1
v = π r 2h
3
1
v 2 = π 2 r 4h 2  h 2 = l 2 − r 2 
9
v 2 = π 2r 4 (l 2 − r 2 )
1
9
1 2 4  s − π r 2  
2
v = π r 
2
− r 2

9
 
π r  
1 2 4  ( s − π r ) r2 
 2 2 
= π r −
 π r 1
2 2
9
 
= r 2 ( s − π r 2 ) − π 2 r 4 
1 2
9  
1
= r 2  s 2 + π 2 r 4 − 2 sπ r 2 − π 2 r 4 
9
1
= r 2  s 2 − 2 sπ r 2 
9
1
z =  s 2 r 2 − 2 sπ r 4 
9

∵ v 2 = z 
dz 1
=  2 rs 2 − 8sπ r 3 
dr 9
1
0=  2rs 2 − 8sπ r 3 
9
8sπ r 3 = 2rs 2
4π r 2 = s
d 2z 1
=  2 s 2 − 24 sπ r 2 
dr 2 9 
d 2z  1 2 5 
= 25 − 24π . 
dr 2  r 2 = s

9 4π 
4π
= +tive
Hence minimum
Now s = 4π r 2
s = π rl + π r 2
4π r 2 = π rl + π r 2
3π r 2 = π rl
3r − l
r 1
=
l 3
1
sin α =
3
1
α = sin −1  
3  

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
1. Sand is pouring from a pipe at the rate of 12cm3/s. the falling sand forms a cone on [4]
the ground in much a way that the height of the cone is always one – sixth of the
radius of the here. How fast is the height of the sand cone increasing when the
height in 4cm.
2. The total revenue in RS received from the sale of x units of the product is given [4]
by R (x) = 13x2 + 26x + 15 find MR when 17 unit are produce.
3. 4sin θ  π [4]
Prove that y = − θ is an increasing function for θ in θ , 
2 + cos θ  2
4. Prove that the function given by f(x) = log sinx is strictly increasing on [4]
 π π 
0, 2  and strictly decreasing on  2 , π 
5. Find a point on the curve y = (x – 2)2 at which the tangent is parallel to the [4]
chord joining the points (2, 0) and (4, 4)
6. Find the equation of tangent to the curve given by x = a sin 3 t , y = b cos3 t at a [4]
point where t = π
2
7. Find the approximate value of f(3.02) where f(x) = 3x2 + 5x + 3. [4]
8. Find the approximate value of (32.15)
1
5 [4]
9. A square piece of tin of side 18cm is to be made into a box without top by [6]
cutting a square from each corner and folding of the flaps to form the box.
What should be the side of the square to be cut off so that the volume of the
box is the maximum possible?
10. Show that the right circular cylinder of given surface and maximum volume is [6]
such that its height is equal to the diameter of the base.

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
CH-06 Application of derivatives
1.
dv
= 12cm 3 / s (Given )
dt
1
h= r (Given )
6
1
v = π r 2h
3
1  1 
v = .π . ( 6h ) .h ∵ h = 6 r 
2
3
1
v = .π .36.h 3
3
v=12π h 3
dv dh
= 12π .3h 3 .
dt dt
dh
12 = 12π .3 ( 4 ) . [ h = 4cm ]
2
dt
12 dh
=
12π .3.16 dt
dh 1
= cm / s
dt 48π
2. MR =
d
dx
( R ( x ) ) = 26 x + 26
MR ] x =17 = 25 × 17 + 26
= 442
4sin θ
3. y= −θ
2 + cos θ

f '(θ ) =
( 2 + cosθ )( 4 cosθ ) + 4sin 2 θ − 1
( 2 + cos θ )
2
8cos θ + 4
= −1
( 2 + cosθ )
2
8cos θ + 4 − ( 4 + cos2 θ + 4 cos θ )

=
( 2 + cosθ )
2
cos θ ( 4 − cos θ )
f '(θ ) =
2 + cos θ
cos θ ( 4 − cos θ )
⇒ f '(θ ) = > 0∀θ ∈  0, π 
2 + cos θ  2
1
4. f '( x ) = .cos x
sin x
f '( x) = cot x
 π
f '( x) > 0∀x ∈  0, 
 2
and
π 
f '( x) < 0∀x ∈  , π 
2 
 π π 
Hence f(x) = log sinx is strictly increasing on  0,  and decreasing on  , π 
 2 2 
5. y = ( x − 2)2 − − − − − −(1)
Slope of tangent to curve
dy
= 2( x − 2)
dx
4−0  y2 − y1 
Slope of chord = m = x − x 
4−2  2 1 
AT θ 2( x − 2) = 2
x=3
Put x = 3 in equation (1)
y =1
Points (3, 1)
dx
6. = 3a sin 2 t.cos tdt
dt

dy
= −3b cos 2 t sin tdt
dt
dy −b
= cot t
dx a
dy  −b
 = ×0 = 0
dx  t =π a
2
When t = π 2 , x = a, and y = 0
Equation of tangent
dy
y − y1 = ( x − x1 ) , y − 0 = 0( x − a )
dx
y=0
7. x = 3, ∆x = 0.02
f ( x + ∆x ) = f ( x ) + f '( x ) ∆x
f ( x + ∆x ) = ( 3x 2 + 5 x + 3) + ( 6 x + 5) × 0.02
Put x = 3, ∆x = 0.02
f (3.02) = 45.46
8. y = x1 5
x = 32, ∆x = 0.15
y + ∆y = ( x + ∆x )
15
∆y = ( x + ∆x ) − y
15
= ( x + ∆x ) − x 1 5
15
 dy 
  .∆x = ( x + ∆x ) − x
15 15
 dx 
1
( x ) 5 .∆x = ( 32.15) − ( 32 )
−4 15 15
( 32.15) = 2.0018
15

9. l = (18 − 2 x )cm
b = (18 − 2 x )cm
h = xcm
v = l ×b×h
v = (18 − 2 x ) × (18 − 2 x ) × x
v = (18 − 2 x ) 2 × x
dv
= (18 − 2 x ) 2 . (1) + ( x ) .2(18 − 2 x ) ( −2 )
dx
dv
= (18 − 2 x ) [ (18 − 2 x ) − 4 x ]
dx
For maximum/minimum
0 = (18 − 2 x)(18 − 6 x)
x = 9 ( neglect )
x=3
d 2v
= (18 − 2 x ) ( −6 ) + (18 − 6 x ) ( −2 )
dx 2
d 2v 
= −12 × 6
dx 2  x =3
= −72 maximum
l = 18 - 2 × 3 = 12cm
b = 12cm
h = 3cm
10.
s = 2π rh + 2π r 2
s − 2π r 2
=h
2π r
v = π r 2h

 s − 2π r 2 
v = π .r 2  
 2π r 
1
v =  sr − 2π r 3 
2
dv 1
=  s − 6π r 2 
dr 2 
d 2v 1
= [ 0 − 12π r ]
dr 2 2
For maximum/minimum
 dv 
s = 6π r 2 ∵ = 0 
 dr 
d 2v  1 s 
 =  s − 12π . 
dr 2  r 2 = s 2 6π 
6π
= − tive maximum
s = 2π rh + 2π r 2
s = 6π r 2
2π rh + 2π r 2 = 6π r 2
2π rh = 4π r 2
2h = 4 r
h = 2r

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
1. A balloon, which always remains spherical on inflation, is being inflated by [4]

3
pumping in 900cm /s. find the rate at which the radius of the balloon increase
when the radius is 15cm.
2. A circular disc of radius 3cm is being heated. Due to expansion, their [4]
radius increase at the rate of 0.05 cm/s. find the rate at which its area is
increasing when radius is 3.2cm.
3. Find the intervals in which the function f given by [4]
4sin x − 2 x − x cos x
f ( x) = is (i) increasing (ii) decreasing
2 + cos x
4. 1 [4]
Find the interval in which the function f given by f ( x ) = x 3 + , x ≠ 0 is
x3
(i) increasing (ii) decreasing.
5. Find the equation of the normal to the curve x 2 = 4 y which passes [4]
through the point (1, 2)

6. Show that the normal at any point θ to the curve x = a cos θ + aθ .sin θ , [4]
y = a sin θ − aθ .cos θ is at a constant distance from origin.

7. Show that the altitude of the right circular cone of maximum volume that [4]
can be inscribed in a sphere of radius r is 4r/3.
8. Show that the height of the cylinder of maximum volume that can be [4]
2R
inscribed in a sphere of radius R is Also find the maximum volume.
3
9. Show that the height of the cylinder of greatest volume which can be [6]
inscribed in a right circular cone of height h and having semi-vertical
angle α is one third that of the cone and the greatest volume of cylinder is
4 3
π h tan α .
27
10. Show that the right circular cone of least curved surface and given volume [6]
has an altitude equal to 2 times the radius of the base.

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
1. Let V be the volume of sphere

4
V = π r3
3
dv
= 900cm3 / s
dt
dv 4 dr
= .π .3r 2 .
dt 3 dt
dr
900 = 4π .r 2 .
dt
dr
900 = 4π × (15 ) . [ r = 15cm]
2
dt
900 dr
=
4π × 225 dt
1 dr
cm / s =
π dt
2. A = π r2
dA dr
= 2π r.
dt dt
= 2π ( 3.2 ) × 0.05
= 0.320π cm 2 / s
4sin x − 2 x − x cos x
3. f ( x) =
2 + cos x
4sin x − x (2 + cos x )
=
2 + cos x
4sin x x (2 + cos x )
= −
2 + cos x (2 + cos x )
4sin x
f ( x) = −x
2 + cos x

cos x ( 4 − cos x )
f '( x) =
( 2 + cos x )
2
[∵ −1 ≤ cos x ≤ 1]
Hence
> 0∀x ∈  0, π  and  3π , 2π 
( 2 + cos x )
2
 2  2 
< 0∀x ∈  π , 3π 
( 2 + cos x )
2
2 2 
3
4. f '( x ) = 3x 2 −
x4
=
x4
( x − 1)
3 6
= 4 ( x 2 − 1)( x 4 + x 2 + 1)
3
x
For increasing
 x4 + x2 + 1  2
f '( x ) = 0, ⇒ 3 
x4  ( x − 1) > 0
 
⇒ ( x 2 − 1) > 0
( x − 1)( x + 1) > 0
So f(x) is increase on ( −∞, −1) and (1, ∞ )
For decreasing
f '( x ) < 0
 x4 + x2 + 1  2
3
x4  ( x − 1) < 0
 
  x4 + x2 + 1 
∵ 3  <0
  x4 
(x 2
− 1) < 0
( x − 1)( x + 1) < 0
f(x) is decrease on (-1, 0) (0, 1)

5. x2 = 4 y
dy x
=
dx 2
Let (x1 y1) be the point
dy  x
 = 1
dx  ( x , y ) 2
−1 −1 −2
Slope of normal = = =
dy x1 x1
dx 2
−1
Equation y − y1 =
dy
( x − x1 )
dx
−2
y − y1 = ( x − x1 )
x1
Passes through ----------------(1, 2)
−2
2 − y1 = (1 − x1 ) − − − − − − − − − (1)
x1
x2 = 4 y
( x1 y1 ) lies on
x2
x12 = 4 y1 ⇒ y1 =
4
x12 −2
2− = (1 − x1 ) [substituting y1 in (1)]
4 x1
−8 + 8 x1
8 − x12 =
x1
x13 = 8
x1 = 2
y1 = 1 ∵ x12 = 4 y1 
Now repeat equation

−1
y − y1 =
dy
( x − x1 )
dx
−2
y −1 = ( x − 2)
2

y − 1 = −1 ( x − 2 )
x+ y=3
dx
6. = −a sin θ + a (θ .cos θ + sin θ )
dθ
dx
= aθ .cos θ
dθ
dy
= aθ .sin θ
dθ
dy
= tan θ
dx
−1
Slope of normal =
tan θ
−1
Equation of normal y − y1 =
dy
( x − x1 )
dx
− cos θ
y − (a sin θ − a.θ cos θ ) =  x − ( a cos θ − a.θ sin θ ) 
sin θ 
x cos θ + y sin θ = a
length of ⊥ from origin
0 cos θ + 0sin θ − a
= a Proved
cos 2 θ + sin 2 θ
1
7. V = π R2H
3
1
= π R2. ( r + x )
3
= π . ( r2 − x2 ) ( r + x )
1
∵ R 2 = r 2 − x 2 
3
= π  ( r 2 − x 2 ) (1) + ( r + x )( 0 − 2 x ) 
dv 1
dx 3 
dv 1
= π  r 2 − x 2 − 2 rx − 2 x 2 
dx 3 

1
= π  r 2 − 2rx − 3x 2 
3
1
= π  r 2 − 3rx + rx − 3x 2 
3
1
= π  r ( r − 3rx ) + x ( r − 3 x ) 
3
1
= π ( r − 3 x )( r + x )
3
dv
=0
dx
r = 3x
r
=x
3
d 2v 1
= π [ 0 − 2r − 6 x ]
dx 2 3
d 2v  1  r
2 
= π  −2 r − 6 × 
dx  x = r 3  3
3
1
= π [ −4 r ]
3
= - tive maximum
Altitude = r + x
r
= +r
3
4r
= Prove.
3
∵ OL = x 
8. V = π r 2 .2 x  LM = 2 x 
 
= π . ( a 2 − x 2 ) .2 x
V = 2π ( a 2 x − x 3 )
= 2π ( a 2 − 3 x 2 )
dv
dx
d 2v
= 2π [ 0 − 6 x ]
dx 2
= −12π x

For maximum/minimum
dv
=0
dx
2π  a 2 − 3 x 2  = 0
a2
a 2 = 3x 2 ⇒ =x
3
a
⇒x=
3
d 2v  a
2 
= −12π .
dx  x = a 3
3
= - tive maximum
Height of cylinder
= 2x
a
= 2×
3
2a
=
3
vo′
9. = cot α
x
vo′ = x cot α
oo′ = h − x cot α
V = π x 2 . ( h − x cot α )
V = π x 2 h − π x 3 cot α
dv
= 2π h − 3π x 2 cot α
dx
for maximum/minimum
dv
=0
dx
2π xh − 3π x 2 cot α = 0
2h
x= tan α
3
d 2v
= 2π h − 6π x cot α
dx 2

d 2v 
= π ( 2h − 4h )
dx 2  x = 2 h tan α
3
- tive maximum
V = π . x 2 ( h − x cot α )
2
 2h   2h 
= π  tan α   h − 3 tan α cot α 
 3 
4h 2 h
= π. tan 2 α .
9 3
4
V = π h 3 tan 2 α
27
1
10. v = .π r 2h
3
Let r 2 h = k
When K is constant
r 2h = k
k
h=
r2
s = π rl
s 2 = π 2 r 2l 2
= π 2 .r 2 ( r 2 + h 2 )
 k2   k
= π 2 r 2  r 2 + 4  ∵ h = 2 
 r  r 
z = π 2 r 4 + π 2 k 2 r −2  s 2 = z 
z = π 2 r 4 + π 2 k 2 r −2
dz
= 4π 2 r 3 − 2π 2 k 2 r −3
dr
d 2z
2
= 12π 2 r 2 + 6π 2 k 2 r −4
dr
dz
=0
dr
2π 2 kr
= 4π 2 r 3 −
r3

4π 2 r 6 − 2π 2 kr
0=
r3
2π 2 k 2 = 4π 2 r 6
k 2 = 2r 6
d 2z 
= -tive maximum
dr 2  r 6 = k 2
2
k 2 = 2r 6
k = r 2h
⇒ k 2 = r 4h 2
⇒ 2r 6 = r 4h 2
2r 2 = h 2
2r 2 = h
h = 2r

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
1. The two equal side of an isosceles ∆ with fixed base b are decreasing at the rate of [4]
3cm/s. How fast is the area decreasing when the two equal sides are equal to the base?
2. A men of height 2m walks at a uniform speed of 5km/h away from a lamp, past which [4]
is 6m high. Find the rate at which the lengths of his shadow increase.
3. A water tank has the shape of an inverted right circular cone with its axis vertical and [4]
-1
vertex lower most. Its semi vertical angle is tan (0.5) water is poured into it at a
constant rate of 5cm3/hr. Find the rate at which the level of the water is rising at the
instant when the depth of water in the tank is 4m.
4. 3 4 4 3 36 [4]
Find the interval in which the function given by f ( x) = x − x − 3x2 + x + 11 is
10 5 5
(a) Strictly increasing (b) Strictly decreasing
5.  π [4]
Show that f ( x ) = tan −1 (sin x + cos x ) is always an increasing function in  0, 
 4
6. For the curve y = 4x3 – 2x5, find all the point at which the tangent passes through the [4]
origin.
7. Prove that the curves x = y2, and xy = K cut at right angles if 8k2 = 1 [4]
8. x2 y2 [4]
Find the maximum area of an isosceles ∆ inscribed in the ellipse + = 1 with its
a 2 b2
vertex at one end of the major axis.
9. A tank with rectangular base and rectangular sides, open at the top is to be constructed [6]
3
so that its depth is 2m and volume is 8m . If building of tank costs Rs 70 per sq.
metres for the base and Rs 45 per sq. metres for sides what is the cost of least
expansive tank?
10. The sum of the perimeter of a circle and square is k, where K is some constant. Prove [6]
that the sum of their area is least when the side of square is double the radius of circle.
11. A window is the form of a rectangle surmounted by a semi circular opening the total [6]
perimeter of the window is 10m. Find the dimensions of the window to admit
maximum light through the whole opening.
12. A point on the hypotenuse of a triangle is at distance a and b from the sides of the [6]
triangle. Show that the minimum length of the hypotenuse is ( a 23
+b )
23 32
.

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
dx
1. = 3cm / s
dt
Let A be area of ∆
1
A = × b × AD
2
 b2 4 x 2 − b2 
 AD = x − = 
2
 4 2 
1 4 x2 − b2
= ×b×
2 2
dA 1 1 dx
= b. .8 x.
dt 4 2 4 x 2 − b 2 dt
dA b
= × b.3 [ x = b]
dt 4 × b2 − b2
3b 2
=
3b
3. 3
= .b
3
dA
= 3bcm 2 / sec
dt
2. AB is lamp post DC is man

dx dy
= 5km / h, =?
dt dt
∆DEC ∼ ∆BEA
2 y
=
6 x+ y
x + y = 3y
x = 2y
dx dy
=2
dt dt

dy
5=2
dt
5 dy
km / h =
2 dt
r
3. tan α =
h
tan −1 (0.5) = α
tan α = 0.5
r 5
=
h 10
h = 2r
1
V = π r 2h
3
2
1 h
= π .   .h
3 2
1 h3
= π
3 4
dv 1 dh
= π .3h 2
dt 12 dt
1 2 dh
5 = π .3 ( 4 ) .
12 dt
dh
= 35 / 88 m / h
dt
3 4 4 3 36
4. f ( x) = x − x − 3x 2 + x + 11
10 5 5
3 4 36
f '( x ) = .4 x 3 − .3x 2 − 6 x +
10 5 5
6 3 12 2 6 x 36
= x − x − +
5 5 1 5
6 x − 12 x − 30 x + 36
3 2
f '( x ) =
5
6 3
=  x − 2 x 2 − 5 x + 6 
5
P( x) = x 3 − 3 x 2 − 5 x + 6
Put x = 1
P(1) = 1 − 2 − 5 + 6 = 0

( x − 1) ( x 2 − x − 6 )
6
f '( x ) =
5
6
= ( x − 1)  x 2 − 3x + 2 x − 6
5
6
= ( x − 1)  x ( x − 3) + 2 ( x − 2 ) 
5
6
= ( x − 1)( x − 3)( x + 2 )
5
Put f '( x ) = 0
x = 1, x = 3, x = −2
int Sign of f’(x) Result
( −∞, −2 ) -tive Decrease
( −2,1) +tive Increase
(1,3) -tive Decrease
( 3, ∞ ) +tive increase
5. f ( x ) = tan −1 (sin x + cos x )

1
f '( x ) = .(cos x − sin x )
1 + (sin x + cos x ) 2
cos x (1 − tan x )
=
1 + (sin x + cos x ) 2
  π 
∵ tan x < 1∀x ∈  0, 4  
  
 π  π
f '( x) < 0∀x ∈  0,   0 < x < 
 4  4
 π
Hence f(x) is strictly increasing on  0, 
 4
6. y = 4 x3 − 2 x5
y1 = 4 x13 − 2 x15 − − − − − − − − − (1)

dy
= 12 x 2 − 10 x 4
dx

dy 
= 12 x12 − 10 x14
dt  x1 y1
dy
Equation y − y1 = ( x − x1 )
dx
0 − y1 = (12 x12 − 10 x14 ) ( 0 − x1 ) [Passes through (0, 0)]
− y1 = −12 x13 + 10 x15

y1 = 12 x13 − 10 x15
but y1 = 4 x13 − 2 x15 [ from (1)]

−12 x13 − 10 x15 = 4 x13 − 2 x15
8 x13 = 8 x15
x13 − x15 = 0
x13 (1 − x12 ) = 0
x1 = 1
x1 = −1
x1 = 0
When x1 = 1 When x1 = −1 When x1 = 0

y1 = 2 y1 = −2 y1 = 0
(1, 2), ( −1, −2), (0,0)
7. x = y 2 − − − − − − − − − (1)
xy = K − − − − − − − − − (2)
on solving 1 and 2
x = K 2 3, y = K1 3
dy 1
= [ from(1)]
dx 2 y
dy  1
 =
dx  ( K 2 3 ,K 1 3 ) 2 K 1 3
dy − y
= [ from(2)]
dx x
1 −2
K1 3
= − 2 3 = − K 3 .K 3
K

1
= −K 3
AT θ
1 −1
= × 1 3 = −1
2K 13
(K )
1 = 8K 2
8.
Let A be the area of ∆ ABC

1
A = (2b sin θ ) × ( a − a cos θ )
2
A = ab ( sin θ − sin θ .cos θ )
dA
= ab  cos θ − cos2 θ + sin 2 θ 
dθ
= ab [ cos θ − cos 2θ ]
For maximum/minimum
dA
=0
dθ
ab(cos θ − cos 2θ ) = 0
cos θ = cos 2θ
cos θ = cos(2π − 2θ )
θ = 2π − 2θ
3θ = 2π
2π
θ=
3
2
d A
= ab ( − sin θ + 2sin 2θ )
dθ 2

d 2 A  2π 2π 
2 
= ab  − sin + 2sin 2. 
dθ θ = 2π  3 3 
3
 3 3
= ab  − −2× <0
 2 2 
 2π 2π 2π 
A = ab sin − sin cos
 3 3 3 
 3 3 1
= ab  + × 
 2 2 2
3 3
= ab.
4
9. Let x and y be the length and width of rectangular base, v be the volume.
v=8 (Given )
v = 2 xy
8 = 2 xy
4
y=
x
s = ( xy ) × 70 + 2( x + y ) × 2 × 45
4  4
= x × × 70 + 180  x + 
x  x
 4
= 280 + 180  x + 
 x
ds  4 
= 0 + 180  1 − 2 
dx  x 
d 2s  8
2
= 180  0 + 3 
dx  x 
For maximum/minimum
ds
=0
dx
x=2
 d 2 s  1440
 2 3
>0
 dx  x = 2 2
Minimum

 4
cos α = 280 + 180  2 + 
 2
= 280 + 180 ( 4 )
= 1000
10. r is the radius of circle and x be side of sq.

2π r + 4 x = K
s = π r2 + x2
 K − 2π r 
2
s = πr + 
2

 4 
ds  K − 2π r   2π 
= 2π r + 2  .  0 − 
dr  4   4 
ds π
= 2π r − ( K − 2π r )
dr 4
2
d s π
2
= 2π − ( 0 − 2π )
dr 4
2π 2
= 2π +
4
For maximum/minimum
ds
=0
dr
π
( K − 2π r ) = 2π r
4
K − 2π r = 8r
K = 8r + 2π r
K
=r
2 (4 + π )
Now
d 2s
>0
dr 2
Hence maximum
2π r + 4 x = K

K − 2π r
x=
4
K
K − 2π
2 (4 + π )
x=
4
4 K + Kπ − Kπ 4K
= =
4 (4 + π ) 4 (4 + π )
x = 2r
11. Let P be the perimeter of window

1
P = 2 x + 2r + × 2π r
2
10 = 2 x + 2 r + π r [ P = 10]
10 − 2 r − π r
x=
2
Let A be area of window
1
A = 2rx + π r 2
2
 10 − 2 r − π r  1 2
= 2r 
 2  + 2 π r
1
= 10r − 2 r 2 − π r 2 + π r 2
2
π r2
= 10r − 2 r 2 −
2
dA
= 10 − 4 r − π r
dr
dA
=0
dr
d2A
= − (π + 4 )
dr 2
dA
=0
dr
10
r=
π +4

d2A
< 0 maximum
dr 2
10 − 2 r − π r
x=
2
10
x=
π +4
Length of rectangle = 2r
20
=
π +4
10
Width =
π +4
12. AP = a cos ecθ

BP = b sec θ
l = AP + BP
l = a cos ecθ + b sec θ
dl
= −a cos ecθ cot θ + b sec θ . tan θ
dθ
d 2l
= a cos ec 3θ + a cos ecθ cot 2 θ + b − sec3 θ + b sec θ . tan 2 θ
dθ 2
For maximum/minimum
dl
=0
dθ
a
tan 3 θ =
b
13
a
tan θ =  
b
a1 3 b1 3
sin θ = , cos θ =
a 2 3 + b2 3 a 2 3 + b2 3
13
d 2l
> 0 for a
tan θ =  
dθ 2 b
L is minimum
l = a cos ecθ + b sec θ
l = ( a 2 3 + b2 3 )
23

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-07 Integrals
x3 − 1
1. ∫ x 2 dx [1]
sec 2 x
2. ∫ cos ec 2 xdx [1]
x3 − x2 + x − 1
3. ∫ x −1
dx [2]
tan 4 x sec2 x
4. ∫ x
dx [2]
5. Prove ∫ sec xdx = log sec x + tan x + c [2]
2
6. ∫ x 3 − x dx [2]
−1
π
x tan x
7. ∫ sec x + tan x dx
o
[4]
sin 8 x − cos8 x
8. ∫ 1 − 2sin 2 x.cos2 x dx [4]
dx
9. ∫ sin x sin( x + α )
3
[6]
10. ∫( cot x + tan x dx ) [6]

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-07 Integrals (ANSWERS)
x3 − 1  x3 1 
1. ∫ x2
dx = ∫  x 2 − x 2 dx
= ∫ ( x − x −2 ) dx
x 2 x −1
= − +c
2 −1
x2 1
= + +c
2 x
sec 2 x
2. ∫ cos ec 2 x dx
sec 2 x 1 sin 2 x
∫ cos ec 2 x dx = ∫ cos2 x 1 dx
×
∫ tan
2
x dx = ∫ ( sec2 x − 1) dx
= tan x − x + c
x 2 ( x − 1) + 1 ( x − 1)
3. ∫ ( x − 1)
dx
( x − 1) ( x 2 + 1)
=∫ dx
( x − 1)
x3
= + x+c
3
4. Put tan x = t
1
sec 2 x . dx = dt
2 x
sec x
dx = 2dt
x
t5
= 2 ∫ t 4 dt = 2 +c
5
2 5
= tan x + c
5

sec x (sec x + tan x )
5. ∫ sec x dx = ∫ (sec x + tan x )
dx
Put sec x + tan x = t

(sec x.tan x. + sec 2 x)dx = dt
sec x (tan x + sec x )dx = dt
dt
=∫
t
= log | t | + c
= log | sec x + tan x | + c
(x − x ) + ∫ − ( x 3 − x ) dx + ∫ ( x 3 − x ) dx
2 o 1 2
∫ | x 3 − x | dx = ∫ 3
6.
−1 −1 o 1
(x − x) + ∫ ( x − x ) dx + ∫ ( x − x ) dx
o 1 2
=∫ 3 3 3
−1 o 1
11
=
4
π
x tan x
7. I =∫ dx − − − − − −(1)
o
sec x + tan x
I =∫
(π − x ) tan (π − x ) dx
π
o
sec (π − x ) + tan (π − x )
π
(π − x ) tan x dx
= ∫ sec x + tan x
o
π π
π tan x x tan x
=∫ dx − ∫ dx
o
sec x + tan x o
sec x + tan x
π
π tan x
I =∫ dx − I
o
sec x + tan x
sin x
π
2I = π ∫ cos x dx
1 sin x
o +
cos x cos x
π
sin x
=π∫ dx
o
1 + sin x
π
1 + sin x − 1
=π∫ dx
o
1 + sin x

π
 1 + sin x 1 1 − sin x 
=π∫ − × dx
o 
1 + sin x 1 + sin x 1 − sin x 
π π
1 − sin x
= π ∫ 1 dx − π ∫ dx
o o
cos2 x
π
= π [ x ]o − π ∫ ( sec 2 x − tan x sec x ) dx
π
= π [π − o ] − π [ tan x − sec x ]o
π
= π 2 − π  ( tan π − sec π ) − ( tan o − sec o ) 

= π 2 − π  ( 0 − ( −1) ) − ( o − 1) 
2I = π 2 − π 2
= π 2 − 2π
= π (π − 2 )
π
I= (π − 2 )
2
(sin x ) − ( cos x ) dx
4 2 4 2
8. ∫ 1 − 2sin 2 x.cos2 x
(sin 4
x + cos4 x )( sin 2 x + cos2 x )( sin 2 x − cos2 x )
∫ 1 − 2sin 2 x.cos2 x
dx
(1 − 2sin x.cos x )( sin x − cos x )dx

2 2 2 2
∫ (1 − 2sin x.cos x ) 2 2
∫ − (sin x − cos2 x )
2
∫ − cos 2 xdx
sin 2 x
− +c
2
dx
9. ∫ sin x.sin( x + α )
3
dx
∫ sin( x + α )
sin 4 x.
sin x

dx cos ec 2 dx
∫ 2 sin( x + α ) ∫ sin( x + α )
=
sin x
sin x sin x
cos ec 2 dx
=∫
sin x.cos α + cos x.sin α
sin x
cos ec 2 dx
=∫
cos α + cot x.sin α
put cos α + cot x.sin α = t
0 − cos ec 2 x.sin α dx = dt
dt 1 t 12
= ∫− =− . +c
t sin α 1 2
−2
= t +c
sin α
10. I =∫ ( )
cot x + tan x dx
 1 tan x 
I = ∫ +  dx
 tan x 1 
1 + tan x
I =∫ dx
tan x
put tan x = t
tan x = t 2
sec 2 x dx = 2t dt
2t dt
dx =
sec 2 x
2t dt
=
1 + tan 2 x
2t
=
1 + t4
1 + t2 2t
=∫ × dt
t 1 + t4
 1
t 2 1 + 2 
t2 + 1  t dt
= 2 ∫ 4 dt = 2 ∫
t +1  1
t 2 1 + 2 
 t 

1
1+
2∫ t2 dt
1
t + 2 −2+2
2
t
1 + 1 t2
2∫ 2 dt
 1
( 2)
2
t −  +
 t
1
put t − = u
t
 1
 1 − 2  dt = du
 t 
du
= 2∫
(u ) ( 2)
2
+
2
1  u 
= 2. tan −1  +c
2  2
 1
t − 
−1  t
= 2 tan +c
2
 t2 − 1 
= 2 tan −1  +c
 2t 
 tan x − 1 
= 2 tan −1  +c
 2 tan x 

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
CH-07 Integrals
∫ cos
3
1. x.elog sin x dx [1]
∫ f '(ax + b)[ f (ax + b)] dx

x
2. [1]
∫ xe dx
x
3. [1]
o
∫ sin
5
4. x.cos4 x dx [2]
−1
dx
5. ∫ x + x log x [2]
π x sin x
6. ∫ o 1 + cos2 x
dx [2]
π 4 sin x + cos x
7. ∫ o 9 + 16sin 2 x
dx [4]
5x
8. ∫ ( x + 1)( x 2
+ 9)
dx [4]
sin −1 x − cos −1 x
9. ∫ sin −1 x + cos−1 x dx [6]
 1 
10. ∫ log ( log x ) + ( log x ) 2 dx

[6]


CBSE TEST PAPER-02
1. ∵ elog θ = θ
∴ elog sin x = sin x
= ∫ cos3 x.sin x dx
put cos x = t
− sin x dx = dt
sin x dx = −dt
= ∫ −t 3dt
t4 cos4 x
=− +c =− +c
4 4
2. Put f ( ax + b) = t
f '(ax + b).a dx = dt
1 1 t n +1
= ∫ t n dt = . +c
a a n +1
1 [ f (ax + b)]
n +1
= . +c
a n +1
∫ x e dx = xe − ∫ 1.e dx
x x x
3.
I II
= xe x − e x + c
1 1
∫o
xe x dx =  xe x − e x 
o
= (1.e1 − e1 ) − (0.e0 − e0 ) ∵ e0 = 1

= 0 − (0 − 1)
=1
4. Let f ( x ) = sin 5 x.cos4 x
f ( − x ) = sin 5 ( − x ).cos4 ( − x )
= − sin 5 x.cos4 x
= − f ( x)
f is odd function

1
∴ ∫ sin 5 x.cos 4 x dx = 0
−1
dx dx
5. ∫ x + x log x = ∫ x (1 + log x )
put 1 + log x = t
1
0+ dx = dt
x
dt
=∫
t
= log | t | + c
= log |1 + log x | + c
π
x sin x
6. I=∫ dx − − − − − (1)
o
1 + cos2 x
(π − x ) sin (π − x ) dx
π
=∫ [byP4
o
1 + cos2 (π − x )
π
(π − x ) .sin x dx
= ∫
o
1 + cos2 x
π
π .sin x
I=∫ dx − I
o
1 + cos2 x
π
sin x
2I = π ∫ dx
o
1 + cos2 x
put cos x = t
sin x dx = −dt
when x = 0
t →1
when x = π
t → −1
−1 dt
=∫
1 1 + t2
−1
= π  tan −1 t 
1
π2
=
4

π 4 sin x + cos x
7. Let I = ∫ dx
o 9 + 16sin 2 x
put sin x − cos x = t
(cos x + sin x )dx = dt
⇒ (sin x − cos)2 = t 2
1 − sin 2 x = t 2
1 − t 2 = sin 2 x
o dx
=∫
−1 9 + 16(1 − t 2 )
o dt
∫−1 9 + 16 − 16t 2
o dt o dx
=∫ == ∫−1
−1 25 − 16t 2  25 
16  − t 2 
 16 
1 o dx
= ∫
16  5  2 2
−1
  −t
4
o
5 
1 1  +t
= × log  4 
16 2 × 5 5
 −t
4  4  −1
1
= log 9.
40
5x A Bx + c
8. Let = + 2
( x + 1)( x + 9) x + 1 x + 9
2
5 x = A( x 2 + 9) + ( Bx + c )( x + 1)
On comparing coeff. Of x2 and x and constant.
0 = A+ B
5=C+B
O = 9A + C

A − C = −5
⇒
9A + C = O
10 A = −5
1
A=−
2
B =1 2
9
C=
2
1 9
x+
5x −1 2
∫ ( x + 1) ( x 2 + 9 ) = ∫ ( x + 1) + ∫ 2x 2 + 92 dx
1 dx 1 x 9 dx
2∫
=− + ∫ 2 dx + ∫ 2
x +1 2 x + 9 2 x +9
1 dx 1 2x 9 dx
=− ∫ + ∫ 2 dx + ∫ 2 2
2 x +1 4 x + 9 2 x +3
1 1 9 1 x
= − log( x + 1) + log( x 2 + 9) + . tan −1   + c
2 4 2 3  3
1 1 3 x
= − log( x + 1) + log( x 2 + 9) + tan −1   + c
2 4 2  3
sin −1 x − cos−1 x
9. ∫ sin −1 x + cos−1 x dx
π
sin −1 x + cos−1 x =
2
π
cos −1 x = − sin −1 x
2
π 
sin −1 x −  − sin −1 x 
=∫ 2 dx
π 2
π
2sin −1 x −
=∫ 2 dx
π 2
4 −1
=
π ∫ sin x dx − ∫ 1 dx
4
= I −x+c (i )
π

I = ∫ sin −1 x dx
put sin −1 x = t
sin t = x
sin 2 t = x
2sin t cos t = dx
= ∫ t.2sin t cos t dt
= ∫ t.sin 2t dt
1 11
cos 2t  cos 2t 
= −t − ∫ 1.  −  dt
2  2 
−t cos 2t 1 sin 2t
= + . +c
2 2 2
(1 − 2sin 2 t ) 1 sin 2t
= −t. + . +c
2 4 2
−t (1 − 2sin 2t ) 1
= + .sin t 1 − sin 2 t
2 2
− sin −1 x (1 − 2 x ) 1
= + . x 1− x + c
2 2
−1
sin x (2 x − 1) 1
= + x − x2 + c
2 2
From (i)
sin −1 x − cos−1 x 4  sin

−1
x ( 2 x − 1) 1 
∫ sin −1 x + cos−1 x dx = π  2
+
2
x − x2  − x + c

 
1
10. = ∫ log ( log x ) ×1dx + ∫ dx
( log x )
II 2
I
1 1 1
= log ( log x ) . x − ∫ . . x dx + ∫ 2 dx
log x x ( log x )
x 1 1
= log ( log x ) . x − −∫ × 1 dx + ∫ dx
( log x )
2
log x log x II
I
x dx dx
= log ( log x ) . x − −∫ +∫
( log x ) ( log x )
2 2
log x
x
= x.log(log x ) − +c
log x

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
CH-07 Integrals
10 x 9 + 10 x.log e10
1. ∫ x10 + 10 x
dx [1]
cos 2 x + 2sin 2 x
2. ∫ cos2 x dx [1]
∫ π sin
4 2
3. x dx [1]
−
4
e5log x − e 4log x
4. ∫ e3log x − e2log x dx [2]
e2 x − 1
5. ∫ e2 x + 1 dx [2]
π 3 dx
6. ∫π 6 1+ tan x
[2]
π 4 sin x cos x
7. ∫o cos4 x + sin 4 x
dx [4]
dx
8. ∫ cos( x + a ) cos( x + b) [4]
π 2 cos2 x
9. ∫o cos2 x + 4sin 2 x
dx [6]
π 2
10. ∫o
log sin x dx [6]

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
1. Put x10 + 10 x = t
(10 x 9 + 10 x.log e 10 )dx = dt
dt
=∫
t
= log | t | + c
= log( x10 + 10 x ) + c
cos 2 x + 2sin 2 x 1 − 2sin 2 x + 2sin 2 x

2. =∫ dx = ∫ dx
cos 2 x cos 2 x
1
=∫ 2
dx = ∫ sec2 x dx
cos x
= tan x + c
3. Let f ( x ) = sin 2 x
f ( − x ) = sin 2 ( − x )
= sin 2 x
= f ( x)
∴ function is even
π 4 π 4
∴∫ sin 2 x dx = 2 ∫ sin 2 x dx
−π 4 0
 1 − cos 2 x 
= ∫ 2  dx
 2 
π 4
 sin 2 x 
= x −
 2 o
π 1
= −
4 2

 x5 − x 4 
4. ∫  x 3 − x 2  dx ∵ elog θ = θ
x 4 ( x − 1)
=∫ dx
x 2 ( x − 1)
= ∫ x 2 dx
x3
= +c
3
e x ( e x − e− x )
5. =∫ dx
e x ( e x + e− x )
put e x + e − x = t
(e x
− e − x ) dx = dt
dt
=∫ = log | t | + c
t
= log ( e x + e − x ) + c
π 3 dx π 3 cos x
6. I =∫ =∫ dx − − − − − − − (1)
π 6 sin x π 6 cos x + sin x
1+
cos x
π π 
cos  + − x 
π 3 3 6 
I =∫ dx
π 6
π π  π π 
cos  + − x  + sin  + − x 
3 6  3 6 
∵ b f ( x)dx = b f ( a + b − x ) dx
 ∫a ∫a
π 3 sin x
I =∫ dx − − − − − − − (2)
π 6
sin x + cos x
(1) + (2)
π 3
2I = ∫ 1dx
π 6
= [ x ]π 6
π 3
π π π
= − =
3 6 6
π
I=
12

π 4 sin x.cos x
7. I=∫ dx
o cos4 x + sin 4 x
Dividing N and D by cos4x
sin x.cos x
π 4
=∫ cos 4 x dx
o cos x sin 4 x
4
+
cos 4 x cos 4 x
π 4 tan x.sec 2 x
=∫ dx
o 1 + tan 4 x
2
π 4 tan x.sec x
=∫ dx
o 1 + (tan 2 x )2
put tan 2 x = t
2 tan x.sec2 x dx = dt
1 1 dt
2 ∫o 1 + t 2
=
1 1
=  tan −1 t 
2 o
1 π π
= . =
2 4 8
dx
8. I =∫
cos( x + a ).cos( x + b)
1 sin[( x + a ) − ( x + b)]
= ∫
sin(a − b) cos( x + a ).cos( x + b)
1  sin( x + a ).cos( x + b) − cos( x + a ).sin( x + b) 

= ∫
sin(a − b)  cos( x + a ).cos( x + b) 

1
[ tan( x + a ) − tan( x + b)] dx
sin(a − b) ∫
=
1
= [ log sec( x + a) − log sec( x + b)] + c
sin(a − b)
1  sec( x + a ) 
=  log +c
sin(a − b)  sec( x + b) 

π 2 cos2 x
9. I=∫ dx
o cos2 x + 4sin 2 x
π 2 cos2 x
=∫ dx
o cos2 x + 4 (1 − cos2 x )
π 2 cos2 x
=∫ dx
o cos2 x + 4 − 4 cos2 x
π 2cos2 x
=∫ dx
o 4 − 3cos2 x
−1 π 2 −3cos2 x
3 ∫o 4 − 3cos2 x
= dx
−1 π 24 − 3cos2 x − 4
3 ∫o
= dx
4 − 3cos2 x
−1 π 2 4 
3 ∫o
= 1 −  dx
 4 − 3cos 2
x 
−1 π 2 4 π2 dx
=
3 ∫o
1dx +
3 ∫o 4 − 3cos2 x
−1 π 2 4 π 2 dx cos2 x
= [ x ]o + ∫
3 3 o 4 3cos2 x
−
cos2 x cos2 x
−1  π 2
 4 π 2 sec x dx
=
3  2
− o  3 ∫o 4sec 2 x − 3
+
−π 4 π 2 sec2 x
= + ∫ dx
6 3 o 4(1 + tan 2 x ) − 3
put tan x = t
sec 2 x dx = dt
−π ∞ dt
= +∫
6 0 4(1 + t 2 ) − 3
−π 1 4 ∞ dt
=
6
+ .
4 3 ∫0 1
t2 +
4
−π 1 1 ∞
= + .  tan −1 2t 
6 3 2 o
−π 2
= + ( tan −1 ∞ − tan −1 o )
6 3

−π 2  π 
= +  − o
6 3 2 
−π π
= +
6 3
=π 6
π 2
10. I =∫ log sin x dx − − − − − − − − − (1)
o
π 2 π 
I =∫ log sin  − x dx [by p4
o
2 
π 2
I =∫ log cos x dx − − − − − − − − − (2)
o
(1) + (2)
π 2
2I = ∫
o
( log sin x + log cos x )dx
( log sin x.cos x + log 2 − log 2 ) dx

π 2
=∫
o
π 2 π 2
=∫ log sin 2 x dx − ∫ log2dx
o o
put 2 x = t
dt
dx =
2
1 π π
2I =
2 ∫o
log sin t dt − log 2
2
2 π 2 π
= ∫ log sin t dt − log 2 [byP6
2 o 2
π 2 π
=∫ log sin x dx − log 2 [byPo
o 2
π
2I = I − log 2
2
π
I =− log 2
2

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
CH-07 Integrals
tan x
1. ∫ sin x.cos x dx [1]
( x + 1)( x + log x )
2
2. ∫ x
dx [1]
cos 2 x − cos 2α
3. ∫ cos x − cos α
dx [1]
dx
4. ∫x 2
− 16
[2]
 −1 1 
∫e  tan x +
x
5. dx [2]
 1 + x2 
π 4
6. ∫ log (1 + tan x ) dx [2]
o
π 3 sin x + cos x
7. ∫π 6 sin 2 x
dx [4]
∫ [| x − 1 | + | x − 2 | + | x − 3 |] dx
4
8. [4]
1
π x dx
9. ∫o a cos x + b 2 sin 2 x
2 2
[6]
∫ ( x + e ) dx
4
2x
10. Find its sum of limit [6]
o

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
tan x
1. =∫ dx
sin x
.cos2 x
cos x
tan x
=∫ .sec 2 x dx
tan
put tan x = t
sec 2 dx = dt
t
=∫ dt
t
 1 
= ∫  t 2 .t −1 dt
 
= ∫ t −1 2dt
1
t 2
= + c = 2 tan x + c
1
2
2. Put x + log x = t
 1
 1 +  dx = dt
 x
 x +1
  dx = dt
 x 
= ∫ t 2 dt
t3
= +c
3
( x + log x )
3
= +c
3

3. =∫
( 2 cos 2
x − 1) − ( 2 cos2 α − 1)
dx
( cos x − cos α )
2 ( cos x + cos α ) ( cos x + cos α )
=∫ dx
( cos x − cos α )
= 2 ( sin x + cos α . x ) + c
dx 1 x−4
4. =∫ = log +c
x − (4) x+4
2 2
8
5. f ( x ) = tan −1 x
1
f '( x ) =
1 + x2
 −1 1  −1
∫e  tan x +  dx = e tan x + c
x x
 1 + x2 
∵ ∫ e x f ( x ) + f '( x ) = e x f ( x ) + c

π 4
6. I =∫ log (1 + tan x ) dx − − − − − −(1)
o
π 4  π 
=∫ log 1 + tan  − x  dx [by p4
o
 4 
 π 
π 4  tan − tan x 
=∫ log 1 + 4
o π dx
 1 + tan . tan x 
 4 
π 4  1 − tan x 
=∫ log 1 +  dx
o
 1 + tan x 
π 4  1 + tan x + 1 − tan x 
=∫ log   dx
o
 1 + tan x 
π 4  2 
=∫ log  dx
o
 1 + tan x 
π 4 π 4
=∫ log 2dx − ∫ log (1 + tan x )dx
o o

= log 2 [ x ]o − I
π 4
π 
2 I = log 2  − o 
4 
π
I = log 2.
8
π 3 sin x + cos x
7. I=∫ dx put sin x − cos x = t
π 6 sin 2 x
(cos x + sin x )dx = dt
(sin x − cos x ) 2 = t 2
sin 2 x = 1 − t 2
when x = π 6
1 3
t→ −
2 2
when x → π 3
3 1
t→ −
2 2
3 −1
dt
∫ 2
1− 3
1 − t2
2
3 −1
= sin −1 t  1−2 3
2
 3 −1  
−1 1 − 3

= sin −1   − sin  
 2   2 
 3 −1   3 −1 
= sin −1  −1
 + sin  
 2   2 
 3 −1 
= 2sin −1  
 2 
I = ∫ [| x − 1 | + | x − 2 | + | x − 3 |]dx
4
8.
1

4 4 9
= ∫ | x − 1 | dx = ∫ ( x − 1)dx =
1 1 2
4 2 4 5
= ∫ | x − 2 | dx = ∫ −( x − 2)dx + ∫ ( x − 2)dx =
1 1 2 2
4 3 4 5
∫1
( x − 3) = ∫ −( x − 3)dx + ∫ ( x − 3)dx =
1 3 2
9 5 5 19
I= + + =
2 2 2 2
π x dx
9. I =∫ (1)
o a cos x + b 2 sin 2 x
2 2
I =∫
π (π − x ) dx
o a 2
cos (π − x ) + b 2 sin 2 (π − x )
2
I =∫
π (π − x ) dx
o a 2 cos2 x + b 2 sin 2 x
π π dx π x dx
I =∫ −∫
a cos x + b sin x o
o 2 2 2 2
a cos x + b 2 sin 2 x
2 2
π dx
I =π∫ 2 −I
o a cos 2 x + b 2 sin 2 x
dx π
2I = ∫
o a cos x + b 2 sin 2 x
2 2
π π dx
I= ∫ 2
2 a cos x + b2 sin 2 x
o 2
π π 2 dx
= .2 ∫ ∵ p6by
2 o a cos x + b 2 sin 2 x
2 2
Dividing N and D by cos2x

π 2 sec 2 xdx
=π∫
o a 2 + b 2 tan 2 x
put b tan x = t
b sec 2 x dx = dt
∞
dt
=π∫ b
o a2 + t 2
∞
1 t 1
= π .  tan −1  ×
a a o b

π π 
=  
ab  2 
π2
=
2ab
10. f ( x) = x + e2 x
b−a
a = 0, b = 4, h =
n
∫ ( x + e )dx = h [ f (o) + f (o + h ) + f (o + 2h ) + − − − + f (o + (n − 1)h )]

4
2x lt
o h →o
=lth →o h  (eo ) + (h + e 2 h ) + (2h + e 4 h ) + − − − − − + ((n − 1)h + e 2( n −1) h ) 
= lth→o h  h [1 + 2 + − − − − +(n − 1)] + (1 + e 2 h + e 4 h + − − − + (e 2( n −1) h 

 
= lt
 n (n − 1)
h h
( e 2 nh − 1) 
+ 1. 2 h
h →o 
 2 e −1
× 2h 
 2h 
 n(n − 1) e2 nh − 1 
=ltn→o h  h + 
 2 2h 
 2 n.
4 
4  4 n(n − 1) e n − 1 
=ltn→∞  . +
n n 2 4 
2× 
 n 
  1 
16  1 −  4 e8 − 1 
=ltn→∞  n.n  n + 
n 2 n 8 
 n 
1 e8 − 1
= 16 × +
2 2
e8 − 1
=8+
2
16 + e8 − 1
=
2
e8 + 15
=
2

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
CH-07 Integrals
1  2x −1 
1. ∫ tan −1  2 
dx [1]
o
1+ x − x 
b
2. If f ( a + b − x ) = f ( x ) then ∫a
( x ) f ( x )dx = ? [1]
π 2  4 + 3sin x 
3. ∫ o   dx
 4 + 3cos x 
[1]
∫ π (x + x cos x + tan 5 x + 1) dx
π 2
3
4. [2]
− 2
a a
5. Show that ∫o
f ( x).g ( x)dx = 2 ∫ f ( x)dx
o
[2]
If f ( x ) = f (a − x ) and g ( x ) + g ( a − x ) = 4
π 2
6. ∫ ( 2 log sin x − log sin 2 x ) dx
o
[2]
2 + sin 2 x
7. ∫ 1 + cos x e x dx [4]
−1 1− x
8. ∫ tan 1+ x
dx [4]
32
9. ∫ | x sin(π x ) | dx [6]
−1
dx
10. ∫ 3x 2
+ 13x − 10
[6]

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
1  x + x −1 
1. I = ∫ tan −1   dx
o
 1 − x ( x − 1) 
1
I = ∫  tan −1 ( x ) + tan −1 ( x − 1) dx − − − − − −(1)
o
[∵ P4
1
I = ∫  tan −1 (1 − x ) + tan −1 ( 1 − x − 1 ) dx
o
1
I = ∫  tan −1 (1 − x ) − tan −1 ( x ) dx − − − − − −(2)
o
(1) + (2)
2I = o
I =o
b
2. I = ∫ ( x ). f ( x )dx − − − − − −(1)
a
b
I = ∫ ( a + b − x ). f ( a + b − x )dx
a
[∵ f ( a + b − x ) =
b
I = ∫ ( a + b − x ). f ( x )dx f ( x)
a
= ∫ [ (a + b). f ( x) − x f ( x)] dx
b
a
b b
= ∫ (a + b) f ( x) dx − ∫ x f ( x ) dx
a a
I = ( a + b ) ∫ f ( x ) dx − I
b
a+b b
2 ∫a
I= f ( x ) dx
π 2  4 + 3sin x 
3. I=∫   dx − − − − − (1)
o
 4 + 3cos x 
 π 
 4 + 3sin  − x  
π
   dx byP
2
[ 4
2
I =∫ 
o
 4 + 3cos  π 
  − x
2 
π 2  4 + 3cos x 
I =∫   dx
o
 4 + 3sin x 

π 2  4 + 3sin x 
= −∫   dx
o
 4 + 3cos x 
I = −I
2I = 0
I =0
(x + x cos x + tan 5 x )dx + ∫

π 2 π 2
4. I =∫ 3
1 dx
−π 2 −π 2
let f ( x ) = x 3 + x cos x + tan 5 x

f ( − x ) = − x 3 − x cos x − tan 5 x
= −( x 3 + x cos x + tan 5 x )
= − f ( x)
Hence odd function
I = o + [ x ]−π
π 2
2
π π
= + =π
2 2
a
5. I = ∫ f ( x ). g ( x ) dx
o
[byP4
a
= ∫ f (a − x ). g (a − x ) dx
o
a
= ∫ f ( x ).[4 − g ( x )dx [From given]
o
a a
= ∫ 4 f ( x )dx − ∫ f ( x ). g ( x ) dx
o o
a
I = 4 ∫ f ( x ) dx − I
o
a
I = 2 ∫ f ( x ) dx
o
π 2
6. I=∫
o
[ 2 log sin x − (log 2sin x.cos.)]dx
( 2log sin x − log 2 − log sin x − log cos x )dx
π 2
I =∫
o
π 2
I =∫
o
( log sin x − log 2 − log cos x )dx
π 2 π 2 π 2
I =∫ log sin x dx − ∫ log 2 dx − ∫ log cos xdx
o o o
π 2 π 2 π 2 π 
I =∫ log sin x dx − ∫ log 2 dx − ∫ log cos  − x dx
o o o
2 
π 2 π 2 π 2
I= ∫ o
log sin x dx − log 2 ∫
o
1 dx − ∫ o
log sin x dx

= − log 2 [ x ]o
π 2
π  π
= − log 2  − o  = − .log 2
2  2
 2 + 2sin x.cos x  x
7. I = ∫  e dx
 2 cos2 x 
 2 2 sin x. cos x  x
∫  2 cos 2
x
+
2 cos2 x
e dx

= ∫ ( sec2 x + tan x ) e x dx
let f ( x ) = tan x
f '( x ) = sec 2 x
∵ We know that
∫ e [ f ( x ) + f '( x )]dx = e f ( x) + c
x x
∴ ∫ (sec 2 x + tan x )e dx x
= e x . tan x + c
1− x
8. I = ∫ tan −1 dx
1+ x
putx = cos θ
dx = − sin θ dθ
 1 − cos θ 
= ∫ tan −1   × − sin θ dθ
 1 + cos θ 
 2θ 
 2sin 2 
= ∫ tan −1  × − sin θ dθ
θ
 2 cos2 
 2
 θ
= ∫ tan −1  tan  ( − sin θ ) dθ
 2
θ −1
= − ∫ sin θ dθ = θ .sin θ dθ
2 2 ∫ I II
−1 
= θ .(− cos θ ) − ∫ 1× (− cos θ )dθ 
2 
−1
= [ −θ .cos θ + sin θ ] + c
2
−1 
= −θ .cos θ − 1 − cos 2 θ  + c
2  

−1 
= − x.cos −1 x − 1 − x 2  + c
2  
32 1 32
9. ∫ | x.sin(π x) | dx = ∫ x sin π x dx + ∫ − x sin π x dx
−1 −1 I II −1
 − x cos π x sin π x   − x cos π x sin π x 

1 32
= +  − +
 π π  −1 
2
π π 2  −1
 1 1
2
= − − 2 − 
π  π π
3 1
= + 2
π π
dx
10. =∫
 13 10 
3  x2 + x − 
 3 3
1 dx
= ∫
3  2
13   17 
2
 x + −
  
 6  6
13
put x + = t
6
dx = dt
1 dt
3∫
= 2
 17 
t − 
2
 6
17
t−
1 6 +c
= log
17 17
3×2× t+
6 6
1 6x − 4
= log +c
17 6 x + 30
1 3x − 2
= log +c
17 x+5

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-08 Application of Integrals
Note : Each Question carries 6 marks.
1. Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y2 = x and the lines x = 1, x = 4 and
x – axis.
2. Find the area of the region bounded by y2 = 9x, x =2, x = 4 and the x – axis in the first
quadrant.
3. Find the area of the region bounded by the parabola y = x2 + 1 and the lines y = x,
x = 0 and x = 2.
4. Find area of the region bounded x2 = 4y, y = 2, y = 4 and the y – axis in the first
quadrant.
x2 y2
5. Find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse + = 1.
16 9
x2 y2
6. Find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse + = 1.
4 9
7. Prove the area of a circle of radius r is π r 2 square units.
8. Find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by x – axis and x = 3 y by
the circle x2 + y2 = 4.
9. Draw the graph of the curve y = 9 − x 2 and find the area bounded by this curve
and the coordinate axis.
a
10. Find the area of the smaller part of the circle x2 + y2 = a2 cut off by the line x = .
2

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-08 Application of Integrals (ANSWERS)
Ans1. y2 = x is the equation of parabola and x = 1,

x = 4 and x – axis
4
Req. area = ∫
1
xdx
14
= sq unit
3
Ans2. y2 = 9x, x = 2, x = 4, x – axis in the first

quadrant.
( )
4
=∫ 9 xdx = 16 − 4 2 sq unit
2
Ans3. y = x2 + 1
y=x
x=0
x=2
= ∫ ( x 2 + 1) dx − ∫ xdx
2 2
o o
Ans4. x2 = 4y, y = 2, y = 4 y – axis in the first

quadrant
4
= 2∫ ydy
2
 32 − 8 2 
=  sq unit
 3 

x2 y2
Ans5. + =1
16 9
y2 x2
= 1−
9 16
y 2 = (16 − x 2 )
9
16
3
y= 16 − x 2
4
4 3
Required area = 4 ∫ 16 − x 2 dx
o 4
4
x 16  x 
= 3  16 − x 2 + sin −1   
4 2  4  o
 x 2 a 2 −1 x 
∵ a − x = 2 a − x + 2 sin a 
2 2 2
 
= 3  ( o + 8sin −1 (1) ) − ( 0 ) 
  π 
= 3 8sin −1  sin  
  2 
π
= 3. 8 .
2
= 12π sq unit
x2 y2
Ans6. + =1
4 9
3
2
= 4∫ 4 − x 2 dx
o 2
2 3
= 4∫ 2 2 − x 2 dx
o 2
= 6π sq unit
Ans7. x2 + y 2 = r2
r
= 4∫ r 2 − x 2 dx
o
put x = r sin θ

dx = r cos θ dθ
π 2
= 4∫ r cos θ dθ . r cos θ
o
π 2
= 4∫ r 2 cos2 θ dθ
o
 1 − cos 2θ
π 2 
= 4r 2 ∫  dθ
 o 2 
= π r 2 sq unit
Ans8. x – axis
x = 3y
x2 + y2 = 4
in first quadrant.
1 3 2
= ∫
3 o
x dx + ∫ 4 − x 2 dx
3
π
= sq unit
3
3
Ans9. =∫ 9 − x 2 dx
o
3
=∫ 32 − x 2 dx
o
9π
= sq unit
4
Ans10. x2 + y 2 = a2
a
x=
2
a
= 2∫ a a 2 − x 2 dx
2
a
x 2 a2 x
= 2 a − x 2 + sin −1 
2 2 a a
2
πa 2
a
= − sq unit.
4 2

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
1. The area between x = y2 and x = 4 is divided into equal parts by the line x = a, find
the value of a.
2. Find the area of the region bounded by the parabola y = x2 and y = |x|.
x2 y2
3. Find the area of ellipse = 1.
a 2 b2
4. Find the area bounded by the curve x2 = 4y and the line x = 4y – 2.
5. Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y2 = 4x and the line x = 3.
6. Find the area between the curve y = |x + 3|, the x – axis and the lines x = -6 and x = 0.
7. Find the Area lying in the first quadrant and bounded by the circle x2 + y2 = 4 and the
lines x = 0 and x = 2.
8. Find the Area of the region bounded by the curve y2 = 4x, y – axis and the line y = 3.
9. Find the area enclosed between the curve y = x3 and the line y = x.
10. Find the area of the circle 4x2 + 4y2 = 9 which is interior to the parabola y2 = 4x.

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
Ans1. x = y2
x=4
x=a
a 4
ATQ 2 ∫ xdx = 2 ∫ xdx
o 2
1
 23  32 4
 x  = x 
 3 2   3 2 
  o 2
a = ( 4 ) 2 3 sq unit
Ans2. y = x2
y= x
⇒y=x
y = −x
= 2 ∫ ( x − x 2 ) dx
1
x2 y2
Ans3. + =1
a 2 b2
b 2
a
= 4∫ a − x 2 dx
a
o
= π ab sq unit
Ans4. x2 = 4y
x = 4y – 2
1 1
∫ 4 ( x + 2 ) dx − 4 ∫
2 2
Req. area = x 2 dx
−1 −1
9
= sq unit
8

Ans5. y2 = 4x
x=3
3
= 2∫ 4 xdx
o
= 8 3sq unit
Ans6. y = x+3
x − aixs
x = −6, x = 0
−3
x + 3 dx = ∫ − ( x + 3) dx + ∫ ( x + 3) dx
o o
∫−6 −6 −3
= 9 sq unit.
Ans7. x2 + y2 = 4
x=0
x=2
π 2
Area = ∫ 4 − x 2 dx
o
π 2
=∫ 2 2 − x 2 dx
o
= π sq unit
Ans8. y2 = 4x
y − axis
y=3
3 y2
Area = ∫ dy
o 4
9
= sq.unit
4

Ans9. y = x3 , y = x
⇒ x3 = x
x = 0, x = −1, x = 1
= 2 ∫ ( x − x3 ) dx
1
o
1
 x2 x4 
= 2 − 
 2 4 o
 1 1  
= 2  −  − ( 0 ) 
 2 4  
 2 −1  1
= 2  = sq unit.
 4  2
Ans10. 4 x 2 + 4 y 2 = 9 − − − − − −(1)
y 2 = 4 x − − − − − − − − − (2)
On solving (1) and ( 2 )
y =1 2
 12 32 9 
= 2  ∫ 2 ydy + ∫ − y 2 dy 

o 12 4 
 2 9π 9 −1  1  
= + − sin    sq. unit.
 6 8 4  3 

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
1. Find the area bounded by the curves (x – 1) 2 + y2 = 1 and x2 + y2 = 1.
2. Find the area of the region bounded by the parabolas y2 = 4ax and x2 = 4ay, a > 0.
3. Find the area of the region bounded by the curves y = x2 + 2, y = x, x = 0 and x = 3.
4. Find the area of the region {( x, y ) : x 2 ≤ y ≤ x}.
5. Find the area bounded by the curves {( x, y ) : x 2

+ y 2 ≤ 2ax, y 2 > ax, a > 0, x > 0, y > 0}.
6. Using integration, find the area of region bounded by the triangle whose vertices are
(-1, 0), (1, 3) and (3, 2).
7. Find the area of the region: {( x, y ) : x 2 + y 2 ≤ 1 ≤ x + y}.
8. Draw a rough sketch of the region {( x, y ) : y 2

≤ 3 x,3 x 2 + 3 y 2 = 16} and find the area
enclosed by the region using method of integration.
9. Using integration find the area of the triangular region whose side have the
equations y = 2x + 1, y = 3x + 1, and x = 4.
10. Calculate the area of the region enclosed between eh circles: x2 + y2 = 16 and (x + 4)2
+ y2 = 16.

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
( x − 1) + y 2 = 1 − − − − − −(1)
2
Ans1.
x 2 + y 2 = 1 − − − − − − − −(2)
On solving (1) and (2)
1 3
x= ,y=
2 2
Area = 2  ∫ 1 − ( x − 1) dx + ∫ 1 − x 2 dx 
12 2 1
 o 12 
 2π 3
=  −  sq. unit
 3 2 
Ans2. y 2 = 4ax
x 2 = 4ay
on solving
x = 4a , y = 4 a
4a 4a x2
Area = ∫ axdx − ∫ dx
o o 4a
16a 2
= sq unit.
3
Ans3. y = x2 + 2
y=x
x=0
x=3
Area = ∫ ( x 2 + 2 )dx − ∫ xdx

3 3
o o
21
= sq unit.
2

Ans4. y = x2
y=x
⇒ x = 0, y = 0
x = 1, y = 1
1 1
Area = ∫ xdx − ∫ x 2 dx
o o
1
= sq. unit
6
Ans5. x 2 + y 2 = 2ax ⇒ ( x − a ) 2 + y 2 = a 2
y 2 = ax
⇒ x = a, y = a
x = 0, y = 0
a a
Area = ∫ 2ax − x 2 dx − ∫ axdx
o o
a2
= ( 3π − 8) sq. unit
12
Ans6. A (-1, 0) B (1, 3) C (3, 2)

Equation of AB
y2 − y1
y − y1 = ( x − x1 )
x2 − x1
3−0
y−0= ( x + 1)
1+1
3
y= ( x + 1)
2
Similarly
−1
Equation of BC y = ( x − 7)
2
1
Equation of AC = ( x + 1)
2
3 31
( x + 1) dx + ∫1 ( x − 7 ) dx
1
Area ∆ABC = ∫
−1 2 2
1
( x + 1) dx
3
−∫
−1
2
= 4 sq. unit

Ans7. x2 + y 2 = 1
x + y =1
1 − x 2 dx − ∫ (1 − x ) dx
1 1
Area = ∫
o o
1π
= − sq unit
4 2
Ans8. y 2 = 3x
3 x 2 + 3 y 2 = 16
On solving
−9 + 273
x= =p
6
 p 4 3 16 − 3 x 2 
Area = 2  ∫ 3 xdx + ∫ dx 

0 p 3 
4 4π p 16
= ( p) + − − p2
32
3 3 2 3
8  p 
− sin −1  
3 4 3
Ans9. y = 2x + 1
y = 3x + 1
x=4
On solving
A(0,1), B(4, 9), C (4,13)
Area = ∫ ( 3 x + 1)dx − ∫ ( 2 x + 1)dx
4 4
o o
= 8sq unit
Ans10. x 2 + y 2 = 16
( x + 4) + y 2 = 16
2
Intersecting at x = -2
−2
Area = 4 ∫ 16 − x 2 dx
−4
 32π 
=  −8 3 +  sq unit
 3 

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
1. Using integration, find the area of the region given below:
{( x, y ) : 0 ≤ y ≤ x 2
+ 1,0 ≤ y ≤ x + 1, 0 ≤ x ≤ 2} .
2. Compute the area bounded by the lines x + 2y = 2, y – x = 1 and 2x + y = 7.
3. Find Smaller area enclosed by the circle x2 + y2 = 4 and the lines x + y = 2.
4. Find the area between the curves y = x and y = x2.
0
5. Sketch the graph of y = |x + 3| and evaluate ∫ x + 3 dx.
−6
6. Find the area bounded by the curve y = sinx between x = 0 and x = 2 π
7. Find the area enclosed by the parabola y2 = 4ax and the line y = mx.
8. Find the area of the region {( x, y ) : 0 ≤ y ≤ ( x 2 + 1), 0 ≤ y ≤ ( x + 1), 0 ≤ x ≤ 2}.
9. Find the area enclosed by the parabola 4y = 3x2 and the line 2y = 3x + 12.
x2 y2
10. Find the area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse + = 1 and the line
9 4
x y
+ = 1.
3 2

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
Ans1. y = x2 + 1
y = x +1
x=2
Area = ∫ ( x 2 + 1) dx + ∫ ( x + 1) dx
1 2
o 1
23
= sq unit
6
Ans2. x + 2 y = 2 − − − − − (1)
y − x = 1 − − − − − −(2)
2 x + y = 7 − − − − − (3)
2  2 − x  4  2 − x 
Area = ∫  (1 + x ) −    dx + ∫ ( 7 − 2 x ) −   dx
o
  2  2
  2 
= 6 sq. unit
Ans3. x 2 + y 2 = 4 − − − − − (1)
x + y = 2 − − − − − −(2)
Finding smaller area. On solving (1) and (2)
x = 0, 2
4 − x 2 dx − ∫ ( 2 − x ) dx
2 2
Area = ∫
o o
= (π − 2 ) sq unit
Ans4. y=x
y = x2
On solving x = 0, 1

Area = ∫ ( x − x 2 ) dx
1
1
= sq unit.
6
Ans5. y = x+3
⇒ y = ( x + 3)
y = − ( x + 3)
o
∫−6
x + 3 dx = ?
−3
( x + 3) dx + ∫−3 ( x + 3)dx
o
Area = ∫
−6
= 9 sq. unit.
Ans6. y = sin x
x = 0, x = 2π
π
Area = 2 ∫ sin xdx
o
= −2 [ cos x ]o
π
= −2 [ cos π − cos θ ]
= −2 [ −1 − 1] = 4 sq unit
Ans7. y 2 = 4ax
y = mx
4a
x=
m2
4a
4 a m2
Area = ∫ 4axdx − ∫ m mx dx
2
o o
8a 2
= sq unit.
3m 2
Ans8. y = x2 + 1
y = x +1
x≤2

Area = ∫ ( x 2 + 1) dx + ∫ ( x + 1) dx
1 1
o o
23
= sq unit
6
Ans9. 4 y = 3x 2
2 y = 3x + 12
x = −2, 4
3 x + 12
4 4 3
Area = ∫ dx − ∫ x 2 dx
−2 2 − 2 4
= 27 sq unit.
x2 y2
Ans10. + =1
9 4
x y
+ =1
3 2
x2 y2
⇒ = 1 is the equation of
( 3) ( 2 )
2 2
ellipse and
x y
+ = 1 is the equation of intercept
3 2
form
2 3 3  6 − 2x 
Area = ∫ 9 − x 2 dx − ∫   dx
3 o o
 3 
3
= (π − 2 ) squnit.
2

CBSE TEST PAPER-05

x2 y2
1. Find the area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse + = 1 and the line
a 2 b2
x y
+ = 1.
a b
2. Find the area of the region enclosed by the parabola x2 = y, the line y = x +2 and the
x – axis.
3. Using method of integration, find the area bounded by the curve |x| + |y| = 1.
4. Find area bounded by curves {( x, y ) : y ≥ x 2 and y =| x |}.
5. Using method of integration find the area of the triangle ABC, coordinates of whose
vertices are A (2, 0), B (4, 5) and C (6, 3).
6. Using method of integration, find the area of the region bounded by lines:
2x + y = 4, 3x – 2y = 6
and x – 3y + 5 = 0.
7. Find the area of two regions {( x, y ) : y 2

≤ 4 x, 4 x 2 + 4 y 2 ≤ 9} .
8. Find the area of the circle x2 = y2 = 15 exterior to the parabola y2 = 6x
π
9. Find the area bounded by the y – axis, y = cosx and y = sinx, 0 ≤ x ≤
2
10. Using integration, find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the
x – axis, the line y = x and the circle x2 + y2 = 32.

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
b 2
Ans1. y= a − x2
a
b 2 a b
a − x 2 dx − ∫ ( a − x )
a
Area = ∫
o a o a
ab
= (π − 2 ) sq unit
4
( x + 2 ) dx − ∫−1 x 2dx
2 2
Ans2. Area = ∫
−1
9
= sq. unit
2
Ans3. x + y =1
⇒ x + y =1
− x + y =1
x − y =1
− x − y =1
Area = 4 ∫ (1 − x ) dx
1
= 2 sq unit
Ans4.
y= x
Area = 2 ∫ ( x − x 2 ) dx
1
1
= sq unit.
3
5 4 3 6
( x − 2 ) dx + ∫4 − ( x − 9 )dx − ∫2 ( x − 2 ) dx
6
Ans5. Area =
2 ∫2 4
= 7 sq unit

x +5 4 3x − 6
dx + ∫ − ( 2 x − 4 ) + ∫
4 2
Ans6. Area = ∫
1 3 1 2 2
7
= sq unit.
2
Ans7. y 2 = 4 x, 4 x 2 + 4 y 2 = 9
 12 32  3
2 
Area = 2  ∫ 2 xdx + ∫   − x 2
dx 
 o 12
 2 
 
2 9π 9 −1  1 
= + − sin  
6 8 4  3
2 4
Area = 2 ∫ 6 x dx + 2 ∫ 16 − x 2
0 2
Ans8.
4
= 8π − 3 
3
π
Ans9. Area = ∫ 4 (cos x − sin x) dx
0
= 2 − 1 sq unit
4 4 2
Ans10. Area = ∫ x dx + ∫ 32 − x 2 dx
o 4
= 4π sq unit

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-09 Differential Equations
Find the order and degree.

1. [1]
y′′′ +y2+ e y ′ =0
Verify that the functions is a sol of the corresponding diff. req.
2. [1]
y = x sin x ; xy = y + x x − y
1 2 2
3. Form the differential equation of the family of hyper bolas having foci On x-axis [2]
and center at origin.
4. Form the differential equation of the family of circles having centre on y-axis and [2]
radius 3 units.
Solve the diff. equ. sec2x.tan y dx + sec2 y tan x dy = 0 [2]
5.
Solve the diff eq. y log y dx –x dy = 0 [4]
6.
 y  dy  y [4]
7. Solve x cos   = y cos   + x
 x  dx x
Solve [4]
8. x
x
2 y e dx + ( y − 2 xe y ) dy = 0
y
and x = 0 when y = 1
9. [6]
Find the general sol. of the diff eq.
dy
− y = cos x
dx
Find the particular sol of the diff. eq. [6]
10.
dy
+ y cot x = 2 x + x 2 cot x
dx
Given that y = 0 when x = π
2

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
[ANSWERS]
1. order =3
Degree = not define.
2. y = x.sin x...(i )
y1 = x.cos x + sin x.1

⇒ xy1 = x 2 cos x + x.sin x
xy1 = x 2 1 − sin 2 x + x.sin x
2
 y y
xy = x
1 2
1 −   + x.sin x [∵ = sin x
x x
x2 − y 2
xy1 = x 2 + x.sinx
x
xy1 = x x 2 − y 2 + y
Hence prove.
x2 y 2
3. − = 1...(i )
a2 b2
diff
2x 2 y
− y′ = 0
a2 b2
2 x 2y
= y′
a 2 b2
b2 y
= y′
a2 x
again diff
 y  x. y′ − y′ 
0 =   y′′ + y′  2 
 x  x 
0 xy y′′ + xy′ − yy′
2
=
1 x2
xy y′′ + xy′ − yy′ = 0
2
yy′ = xyy′′ + xy′

2

4. (0, a )
r =3
x 2 + ( y − a ) 2 = (3)2 ...(i )
2 x + 2( y − a ) y1 = 0
x + ( y − a ) y1 = 0
−x
y−a =
y
put the value of y − a
in eq...(i )
2
 −x 
x +  = 9
2
 y 
x2
x2 + 2 = 9
y′
x 2 ( y1 + 1) = 9 y′
2 2
5. Sec2x. tan y dx = -sec2y tan x dy

sec 2 x sec 2 y
∫ tan x dx = − ∫ tan y dy
log(tan x) = − log(tan y ) + c
log(tan x.tan y ) = log c
tan x tan y = c
6. y log y dx = x dy
dx dy
∫ x
=∫
y log y
dx 1/ y
∫ x
=∫
log y
dy
log( x) = log(log y ) + c
 x 
log   = log c
 log y 
x
=c
log y
x = c log y

 y  dy  y
7. x cos   = y cos   + x
 x  dx x
 y
y cos   + x
dy
= x ....(i )
dx d
x cos  
x
let y = vx
dy dv
= v.1 + x. ....(ii )
dx dx
dy
Put in eq.... ( i )
dx
dv vx cos v + x
v+x =
dx x cos v
dv v cos v + 1
v+x =
dx cos v
dv v cos v + 1
x = −v
dx cos v
dv v cos v + 1 − v cos v
x =
dx cos v
dv 1
x =
dx cos v
dx
∫ cos v dv = ∫ x
sin v = log x + log c
sin v = log cx [∵ y = vx
 y
sin   = log cx
x
dx
8. =
dy
x x
2 y e y dx + ( y − 2 xe y )dy = 0
dx 2 xe x y − y
= .....(i )
dy 2 y ex y
let x = vy
diff w.r. to y
dx dv
= v.1 + y.
dy dy

dx
put in eq......(i )
dy
dv 2vev − 1
v+ y =
dy 2e v
dv 2vev − 1
y = −v
dy 2e v
2ve v − 1 − 2 vev
=
2e v
dv −1
y =
dy 2ev
dy
∫ 2e dv = ∫ y
v
2ev = − log y + c
x
replace v by
y
x
2e y
+ log y = c
put x = 0 and y = 1
C=2
x
2e y
+ log y = 2
dy
9. − y = cos x
dx
given diff eq. is of the form
dy
+ py = Q
dx
P = −1, Q = cos x
I .F = e ∫
p dx
= e∫
−1dx
= e− x
y × e− x = ∫ cos x × e − x dx + c
let I = ∫ cos x × e − x dx

e− x
= cos x. − ∫ − sin x.(−e− x )dx
−1
= − cos x × e − x − ∫ sin x × e x dx
= − cos x × e − x − [sin x(−e − x ) − ∫ cos x(−e − x )dx
= − cos x × e − x + sin x × e− x − ∫ cos x × e − x dx
I = − cos x e − x + sin x e− x − I
2 I = e− x (sin x − cos x)
e− x
I= (sin x − cos x)
2
1
y × e − n = e − x (sin − cos x) + c[ from(i )]
2
1
y = (sin x − cos x) + ce x + c
2
dy
10. + y cot x = 2 x + x 2 cot x
dx
given diff eq is of the form
dy
+ py = Q
dx
p = cot x
Q = 2 x + x 2 cot x
I .F = e ∫
cot x dx
= elogsin x
= sin x
y × sin x = ∫ (2 x + x 2 cot x).sin x dx + c
y × sin x = x 2 .sin x + c.....(i )

= ∫ 2 x sin x dx + ∫ x 2 cos x dx + c y = 0, x = π
2
x 2
x 2
π 2
2[sin x. − ∫ cos x. dx] + ∫ x 2 cos dx + c o= +c
2 2 4
sin x.x 2 2
x cos x −π 2
= 2. −∫ dx + ∫ x 2 cos x dx + c c=
2 2 4
π2
y sin x = x 2 .sin x − +c
2
x cos x 4
= sin x.x 2 − 2 ∫ dx + ∫ x 2 cos x dx + c π2
2 y = x2 −
4sin x

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
1. Find the order and degree [1]

4
 ds  d 2s
  + 3 s =0
 dt  dt 2
2. Verify that the function is a solution of the corresponding diff eq. [1]
x + y = tan -1 y ; y 2 y1 + y 2 + 1 = 0
3. Form the differential equation representing the family of ellipses having foci on [2]
x – axis and centre at the origin.
4. Form the diff. eq of the family of circles touching the x – axis at origin. [2]
5. Solve the diff eq. [4]

e x tan y dx + (1 − e x ) Sec2 y dy = 0
6.  dy  [4]
Solve Cos   =a, ; y = 1 when x = 0
 dx 
7. Solve. ( x 2 - y 2 ) dx+2xy dy = 0 [6]
8. Solve [6]
  y  y    y  y 
 x Cos   + y Sin    y dx =  y Sin   - x Cos    x dy
 x  x    x  x 
9. Find the particulars solution of diff . equation. [6]
(1+x ) dy + 2 xy dx = Cotx dx
2
10. Find the particular solution of diff. equation [6]

dy
x + y − x + xy Cot x = 0
dx

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
[ANSWERS]
Ans 01. order = 2

degree = 1
Ans 02. x + y = tan −1 y

1
1 + y1 = y1
1+ y2
1 + y 2 + y 1 + y1 y 2 = y 1
1 + y 2 + y1 y 2 = 0
proved.
x2 y 2
Ans 03. + = 1 (i) y
a2 b2
diff eq (i) w. r. t. x
2 x 2 y dy
+ . =0
a 2 b 2 dx
2 y dy −2 x x
= 2
b 2 dx a
y dy −b 2
. =
x dx a 2
diff w. r. t. x
 dy 
 x −y
 
2
y d y dy dx
  2 +  2 =0
 
x dx dx  x 
 
2
d2y  dy  dy
xy 2
+ x  − y =0
dx  dx  dx
Ans 04. Let (o, a) be

The coordinate of circle.
x2 + ( y − a ) = a2
2

diff
2x+2 ( y − a ) y1 = 0
x + ( y − a ) y1 = 0
y
−x
y−a = 1
y
x
y+ =a
y1 (o,a)
Put a and y – a in eq (1) x
2 2
 −x   x
x +  = y+ 
2
 y′   y′ 
x2 x2 x
x 2 + 2 = y 2 + 2 + 2. y
y′ y′ y′
2 xy
x2 − y 2 =
y′
2 xy
y′ = 2
x − y2
Ans. 05. e x tan y dx + (1-e x ) Sec 2 y dy = 0
e x tan y dx = - (1-e x ) Sec 2 y dy

ex Sec 2 y
∫ 1 − ex dx = − ∫ tan y dy
− log (1-e x ) = - log tan y + log C
 tan y 
log  x 
= log C
 1− e 
tan y
=C
1 − ex
tan y = C (1-e x )
 dy 
Ans 06. cos   = a
 dx 
dy
= cos-1 a
dx
∫ dy = ∫ Cos
-1
a dx

y = Cos -1a. x+c (1)
 y = 1
1= o+c ∵
 x = 0
c =1
y = Cos -1a. x+1
Ans 07. (x 2
− y 2 ) dx + 2 xy dy=0
(x 2
− y 2 ) dx = −2 xy dy
dy y 2 − x 2
=
dx 2 xy
2
 y
−1
dy  x 
= (1)
dx  y
2 
x
let y = vx
dy dv
=v+x
dx dx
dy
put in eq (i)
dx
dv v 2 − 1
v+x =
dx 2v
dv v − 1 2
x = −v
dx 2v
dv v 2 − 1 − 2v 2
x =
dx 2v
dv −1 − v 2
x =
dx 2v
2vdv −dx
∫ v2 + 1 = ∫ x
log ( v 2 + 1) = − log x+c
(
log ( v 2 + 1) .x = c )
(v 2
+ 1) .x = ec
 y2   y
 2 + 1 . x = e v = x
c
 x 

x2 + y2
= A ∵ ec = A
x
x 2 + y 2 = Ax
  y  y    y  y 
Ans 08.  x Cos   + y Sin    y dx=  y Sin   − x Cos    x dy
 x  x    x  x 
  y  y 
 x Cos   + y Sin    y
dy   x  x 
=
dx   y  y 
 y Sin   − x Cos    x
  x  x 
y y y y
Cos + .Sin 
dy x  x x x
= (1)
dx y  y y
. Sin   − Cos
x  x x
let y = v x
dy dv dy
= v + x , put in eq (1)
dx dx dx
v+x
dv
=v
( Cos v + v Sin v )
dx v Sin v - Cos v
x
dv
=v
( Cos v + v Sin v ) - v
dx v Sin v - Cos v
dv 2v Cos v
x =
dx v Sin v - Cos v
 v Sin v - Cos v  2
∫  v Cos v
 dv = ∫ dx
 x
 1 2
∫  tan v - v  dv = ∫ xdx
− log ( Cos v ) − log v = 2 log x + c
− log v Cos v = 2 log x + c
log ( ( v Cos v ) .x ) = −c
2
( v Cos v ) .x 2 = e− c
y y
x 2. .Cos = A
x x
y
xy Cos = A
x

Ans 09. (1 + x ) dy+2xy dx = Cot x dx
2
dy 2x cot x
+ y=
dx 1 + x 2
1 + x2
Given diff. eq is of the form
dy
+ py = Q
dx
2x cot x
p= , Q=
1+ x 2
1 + x2
I .F = e ∫
p dx
2x
∫ 1+ x2
= e
= e log(1+x
2
)
= 1 + x2
y × (1 + x 2 ) = ∫
Cot x
1 + x2
( )
× 1 + x 2 dx + c
y (1 + x 2 ) = log ( Sin x ) + c
log (Sin x) c
y= +
1+ x 2
1 + x2
dy
Ans 10. x + y − x + xy Cot x = o
dx
dy
x + y (1 + x Cot x ) = x
dx 1 
 + cot x  dx
dy y IF = e x 
+ (1 + x Cot x ) = 1
dx x = elog x+log Sin x
dy  1 + x cot x 
+  y =1 = elog( x.Sinx ) ∵ elogθ = θ
dx  x 
= x.Sin x
given diff eq is of the
dy y x sin x = ∫ 1 × x sin x dx + c
form + py = Q
dx y x sin x = -x cos x - ∫ 1(−cos x) dx + c
1 + x cot x 1
p= = + cot x = - x cos x + Sin x + c
x x
1 c
Q=1 y = - cot x + +
x x sin x

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
1. Find order and degree. [1]

3 2
 d 2 y   dy   dy 
 2  +   + Sin   + 1 = 0
 dx   dx   dx 
xy
y = 1 + x 2 ; y1 =
1 + x2
3. Form the differential equation representing the family of curves given by (x- [4]
a)2 + 2y2 = a2, where a is an arbitrary constant.
4. Form the diff. equation of the family of circles in the second quadrant and [4]
touching the coordinate axes.
(x 3
+ x 2 + x + 1)
dy
dx
= 2 x 2 + x ; y=1 when x = 0
Solve x ( x 2 − 1)
6. dy [4]
= 1 ; y=0 when x=2
dx
7.  x
 x
y  x [4]
Solve  1 + e  dx + e  1 −  dy = 0
y
   y
 
8. Solve [4]
 2 y 
 x Sin  x  − y  dx + x dy=0 ; y= π 4, when x = 1
   
9. Solve the eq. [6]
(1 + y ) dx = ( tan
2 −1
y − x ) dy

 e −2 x y  dx
 −  =1
 x x  dy

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
[ANSWERS]
Ans 01. order = 3

degree = not define
Ans 02. y = 1 + x 2 (i)

1
y1 = .2 x (ii)
2 1 + x2
(ii) ÷ (i)
x
= 1+ x
1
y 2
y 1 + x2
y1 x
=
y 1 + x2
xy
y1 =
1 + x2
( x − a) + 2 y 2 = a 2 (i)
2
Ans 03.
diff both side w.r.t.x

2 ( x − a ) + 4 y y1 =0
( x − a ) + 2 y y1 =0
( x − a ) = −2 y y1 (ii)
x+2y y1 =a (iii)
put the vlue of (x-a) and a in eq (i)
(x − 2y y ) 1 2
+ 2 y 2 = ( x + 2 y y1 )
2
dy
2 y 2 = x 2 + 4 xy
dx

Ans 04. Eq. of circle is
( x + a) + ( y − a) = a 2 (1)
2 2
x 2 +y 2 +2ax-2ay+a 2 =0
y
diff both side w.r.to x
2x+2y y1 +2a-2ay1 =0
x+y y1 =a ( y1 − 1)
(-o,a)
x + y y1
=a
y1 − 1 x
put the velue of a in eq (1)
( x + y)
2 ( y1 )2 + 1 = ( x + y y1 )2
 
dy 2 x2 + x
Ans 05. = 3
dx x + x 2 + x + 1
2 x2 + x
∫ dy = ∫
x3 + x 2 + x + 1
dx
2 x2 + x
∫ ∫ ( x + 1) ( x 2 + 1) (i)
dy =
2 x2 + x A Bx + c
let = + 2
( x + 1) ( x + 1) x + 1 x + 1
2
A=1 2, B= 3 2, C=-1 2
 1 3 1
 2 x− 
y = ∫ dx + 2 2 2  dx [ from(i )
 x +1 x +1 
 
1 3 2x 1 dx
y = log (x+1) + ∫ 2 dx − ∫ 2
2 4 x +1 2 x +1
1 3 1
y = log (x+1) + log (x 2 +1)- tan −1 x + c
2 4 2
when x = 0, y = 1
1 3 1
1= log1 + log1- tan -1 (0) + c
2 4 2
1=c
c=1

1 3 1
y= log (x+1) + log (x 2 +1)- tan -1 x + 1
2 4 2
x ( x 2 − 1)
dy
Ans 06. =1
dx
1
dy = dx
x ( x 2 − 1)
dx
∫ dy = ∫ x ( x + 1)( x − 1) (i)
let 1 A B C
= + +
x ( x + 1)( x − 1) x x + 1 x − 1
A=-1, B=1 2, C=1 2
 1 1 
 −1 
y = ∫ + 2 + 2  dx [ form (i)
x x +1 x − 1
 
1 1
y = −log x + log (x+1) + log (x-1) + c
2 2
−1
(2) log x + log ( x 2 − 1) + c
1
y=
2 2
1  x −1 
2
y = log  2  + c
2  x 
x = 0
C =0 
y = 2
1  x2 −1 
y= log  2 
2  x 
 x
 x
y  x
 1 + e  dx + e 1 −  dy = 0
y
Ans 07.
   y
 x
  x
 + dx = −e x y 1 −  dy

y
1 e
   y
 x
e x y 1 − 
dx
=−  y
(i)
dy 1+ e x y

x 
e x y  − 1
dy
= y 
dx 1 + ex y
let x = vy
dx dv
=v+ y
dy dy
dx
put in eq (1)
dy
dv e ( v − 1)
v
v+ y = v
dx e +1
dv ve − ev
v
y = v -v
dx e +1
dv ve v − ev − ve v − v
y =
dy ev + 1
dy ev + 1
−∫ =∫ dv
y v + ev
log ( ev + v ) = − log (y) + c
log ((e v
)
+ v ).y = c
(e v
+ v ) y = ec
(e v
+ v) y = A
 xy x
e +  y = A
 y
ye + x = A
x y
 2  y 
Ans 08.  x sin   − y  dx + x dy=0
 x 
 y  y dy
Sin 2   − + =0
 x  x dx
dy y  y
= − Sin 2   (i)
dx x x
let y = vx
dy dv
=v+x
dx dx

dy
put in eq (i)
dx
dv
v+x = v − Sin 2 v
dx
dx
∫ cosec v dv = ∫ − x
2
− cot v = - log x + c
log x - cot v = c
 y
log x - cot   = c
x
when x = 1, y = π
4
c = −1
 y
log x - cot   = −1
x
[ −1 = −log e
 y
log ex = cot  
x
Ans 09. (1 + y ) dx = ( tan

2 -1
y - x ) dy
dx tan −1 y − x
=
dy 1+ y2
dx tan −1 y x dx x tan −1 y
= − , + =
dy 1 + y 2 1 + y 2 dy 1 + y 2 1 + y 2
dx
+ Px = Q
dy
1 tan −1 y
P= , Q=
1 + y2 1+ y2
I .F = e ∫
P dy
1
∫ 1+ y 2 dy
=e
-1
= e tan y
x × I. F = ∫ Q. ( I .F )dy + c
−1  tan −1 y 
x. e tan y = ∫ e tan dy + c (1)
-1
y
 2 
 1+ y 

let tan -1 y=t
1
dy=dt
1 + y2
I = ∫ t et dt
= t e t -∫ et dt+c
= t e t -e t +c
-1 -1
=tan -1 y e tan y
- e tan y
+c
tan -1y tan -1 y
+ c [ from (i)
-1
-1
xe = tan y. e - e tan y
x = tan -1 y-1+ce-tan
-1
y
 e −2 x y  dx
Ans 10.  −  =1
 x x  dy
dy e −2 x y
= −
dx x x
−2 x
dy y
+ = e x (i)
dx x
given diff eq is the form of
dy
+ Py = Q
dx
−2 x
1
P= , Q=e x
x
1
∫ dx
I .F = e x
= e2 x
e −2 x
y × e2 x
= ∫ e2 x × dx + c
x
y × e2 x
= 2 x +c

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
1. d4y [1]
Find order and degree. + sin ( y ''' ) = 0
dx 4
y = x 2 + 2 x + c ; y1 -2x-2=0
3. Form a differential equation representing the given family of curve by [2]

eliminating arbitrary constants a and b. y = e 2 x ( a + bx )

eliminating arbitrary constants a and b. Y = ex (a Cos x + b Sin x)
dy 1 − y2
+ =0
dx 1 − x2
6.  π [4]
Find the equation of the curve passing through the point  o,  whose diff eq.
 4
is Sin x Cos y dx + Cos x . Sin y dy = 0
7.  y y [4]
Solve ( x dy - y dx ) y Sin   = ( y dx + x dy ) x Cos
 x x

y e x y dx = ( x e x y + y 2 ) dy
9. dy [6]
Find a particular solution of the diff eq. + y cot x=4x. cosec x
dx
Given that y = 0 when x = π 2 .

dy
Cos 2 x + y = tan x
dx

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
[ANSWERS]
Ans 01. order = 4

degree = not define
Ans 02. y1 = 2 x + 2
y1 − 2 x − 2 = 0
Proved
Ans03. y = e 2 x ( a + bx )
ye −2 x = ( a + bx )
diff
−2 x
ye (−2) + e−2 x . y1 = b
agein diff
(−2)  ye−2 x ( −2 ) + e−2 x . y1  +e-2x .y 2 +y1 ( −2e−2 x ) = 0
4 ye−2 x − 2 y1e −2 x + y 2 e −2 x − 2 y1e −2 x = 0
e −2 x ( 4 y − 2 y1 + y 2 − 2 y1 ) = 0
y 2 − 4 y1 + 4 y = 0
Ans 04. y = e x ( a Cos x + b Sin x ) (i)
ye − x = a cos x + b sin x
ye-x (-1) + e-x .y1 = - a sin x + b cos x
again diff
( )
-1( − ye− x + e − x . y1 ) + e − x y′′ + y′ ( −e − x ) = − a cos x - b sin x
 y
ye-x -e-x y′+e-x y′′-y′e-x =-  x  [∵ from(i )
e 
( )
e − x y − y 1 + y′′ − y 1 = − y e − x
− y + y ′ − y′′ + y′ = y

y′′ − 2 y1 + 2 y = 0
dy 1− y2
Ans 05. =−
dx 1 − x2
dy −dx
∫ 1− y 2
=∫
1 − x2
sin -1 (y′) + sin -1 (x) = c
Ans 06. Sin x. Cos y dx = - Cos x. Sin y dy

Sin x Sin y
dx = − ∫ dy
Cos x Cos y
∫ tan x dx = - ∫ tan y dy
log (Sec x) = - log (Sec y) + log c
log( Sec x. Sec y) = log c
Sec x. Sec y = c (1)
When x = 0, y = π 4
C= 2
put the velue of c in eq (i)
Sec x. Sec y = 2
 y y
Ans 07. ( x dy - y dx ) y Sin   = ( y dx + x dy ) x Cos
 x x
  y 2  y   y y
 xy sin  x  − x cos  x   dy =  xy cos x + y sin x  dx
2
    
 y  y
xy cos   + y 2 sin  
dy
=  x  x
dx  
y  y
xy sin   - x 2 cos  
x x
÷ N ans D by x 2
 y  y 
2
y  y
cos   +  2  sin  
dy x  x  x   x
= (1)
dx y  y  y
sin   - cos  
x x  x

let y = vx
dy dv
=v+x
dx dx
dy
put in eq (1)
dx
dv v cos v + v 2 sin v
v+x =
dx v sin v - cos v
dv 2v cos v
x =
dx v sin v - cos v
 v sin v - cos v  2
∫  v cos v  dv = ∫ xdx
1 1
∫ tanv dv -∫ vdv = 2∫ xdx
log sec v - log v = 2 log x + log c
sec v
log = log c
vx 2
sec v
=c
vx 2
y
replace v by
x
 y
sec  
 x =c
y 2
.x
x
 y
sec   = c xy
 x
Ans 08. ye x y dx= ( xe x y + y 2 ) dy
dx x e x y + y 2
=
dy y ex y
dx x
= + y e- x y (1)
dy y
let x = vy
dx dv
=v+ y
dy dy
dx
put in eq (1)
dy

dv
v+y = v +y e-v
dy
∫e dv = ∫ dy
v
ev = y + c
ex y = y + c
dy
Ans 09. + y cot x = 4x. cosec x
dx
given diff eq is the form of
dy
+ Py = Q
dx
P = cot x, Q = 4x. cosec x
I. F = e ∫
Pdx
= e∫
Cot x dx
=e = sin x
log Sin x
y x sin x = ∫ 4x. cos ec x. sin x dx + c

1
= 4 x. / x dx + c
. sin
Sin x
x2
y. Sin x = 2
4 +c
2
y. Sin x = 2 x 2 + c (1)
When x = π 2, then y = 0
π2
c=-
2
π2
y. Sin = 2x 2 -
2
2 x2 π2
y= −
Sin x 2 Sin x
dy
Ans 10. Cos 2 x + y = tan x
dx
dy
+ sec 2 x y= Sec 2 x. tan x (1)
dx

dy
+ Py = Q
dx
P = Sec 2 x, Q = Sec2 x tan x
I.F= e ∫
Pdx
= e∫
Sec 2 x dx
= e tan x
y × e tanx = ∫ Sec 2 x. tan x. e tanx dx + c (ii)
y × e tanx = ∫ et t dt + c when tan x = t , Sec 2 x dx = dt
y e tanx = t e t - ∫ et .1 dt + c
= t et - et + c
= e t (t - 1) + c
= e tanx (tan x - 1) + c
e tanx (tan x - 1) c
y= tan x
+ tan x
e e
y = (tan x - 1) + c e-tanx

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
1. 2 [1]
dy  dy 
Write the order and degree of the diff equation y = x + a 1 +  
dx  dx 
2. Verify that the given functions is a solution of the corresponding diff eq. [2]
y = Cos x + c ; y1 + Sin x = 0

elimination arbitrary Constants a and b. y = a e3x + b e-2x

elimination arbitrary Constants a and b. y 2 = a ( b 2 − x 2 )
5. Find the particular Solution of the diff. equation [4]
(1 + e ) dy + (1 + y ) e
2x 2 x
dx = 0 given that y = 1, when x = 0
6. Solve the diff. eq [4]

dy y 2 + y + 1
+ =0
dx x 2 + x + 1
7. Solve the diff. eq [4]

dy x ( 2 y − x )
= , if y = 1 when x = 1
dx x ( 2 y + x )
8. Solve the following diff eq. [4]
( 3xy + y ) dx + (x
2 2
+xy) dy = 0
9. Solve the following diff. eq. [6]
(x 2
+ 1)
dy
dx
+ 2 xy = x 2 + 4
10. dy [6]
Solve the diff. eq. + 2 y tan x = Sin x
dx

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
[ANSWERS]
2
dy  dy 
Ans 01. y=x + a 1+  
dx  dx 
2
dy  
2 2 
   dy  
 y − x  = a 1 +   
 dx    dx  

 dy 
2
  dy  2 
 y − x  = a 1 +   
2
 dx    dx  
2 2
 dy  dy  dy 
y 2 + x 2   − 2.xy = a2 + a2  
 dx  dx  dx 
2
 dy 
(x − a 2 )   − 2 xy + y 2 − a 2 = 0
2
 dx 
dy
dx
order = 1
deg ree = 2
Ans 02. y = Cos x + c

y′ = −Sin x
y′+Sin x = 0
Ans 03. y = ae3 x + be −2 x

dy
= a 3 e3x - 2 b e-2x (i)
dx
d2y
= 9 a e3x + 4 b e-2x (ii)
dx 2
(ii) - (i)
d 2 y dy
− = 6ae3 x + 6be −2 x
dx 2 dx
1, = 6 ( ae3 x + be −2 x )
d 2 y dy
− =6y
dx 2 dx

Ans 04. y 2 = a ( b 2 − x 2 ) (i)
dy dy
2y = a [0 − 2 x] ⇒ y = −ax(ii )
dx dx
again diff.
d 2 y dy 1
y + . y = −a (iii)
dx 2 dx
dy
y
d 2 y dy 1
y 2 + y = dx [ from(ii )
dx dx x
2
d y dy dy
xy 2 + xy1 =y
dx dx dx
Ans 05. (1 + e ) dy = − (1 + y ) e
2x 2 x
dx
dy ex
∫ (1 + y 2 ) ∫ 1 + e2 x dx
= -
tan -1 (y) + tan -1 e x = c

when x = 0, y = 1
c= π 2
tan -1 y + tan -1 e x = π 2
dy y 2 + y + 1
Ans 06. + =0
dx x 2 + x + 1
dy y2 + y +1
=− 2
dx x + x +1
dy dx
∫ y 2 + y + 1 = −∫ x2 + x + 1
dy dx
∫ 1 1
2 2
= −∫
1 1
2 2
y2 + y +   −   +1 x2 + x +   −   + 1
2  2  2  2
dy dx
∫ 2
= −∫ 2
1  3 1  3
2 2
 
 y +  +  x+  + 
 2  2   2  2 

 1  1
1  y+   x+ 
tan -1  2  = − 1 tan -1  2 +c
3  3  3  3 
   
2  2  2  2 
 2 y +1 −1  2 x + 1  3
tan -1   + tan  = 2 c
 3   3 
 2 y +1 2x +1 
 + 
tan −1  3 3 = 3c
  2 y +1   2x +1   2
1 +  3   3  
   
3
let c = A1
2
2 y +1 2x +1
+
3 3 = tan A1
 2 y +1   2x +1 
1−   
 3  3 
2 3 ( x + y + 1)
= tan A1
3 − ( 4 xy + 2 x + 2 y + 1)
1
x + y +1 = tan A1 (1-x-y-2 xy)
3
x+y+1=A(1-x-y-2 xy)
 1
∵ tan A1 =A
 3
dy x ( 2 y − x )
Ans 07. = (i)
dx x ( 2 y + x )
if y=1, when x = 1
Let y = v x
dy dv
=v+x
dx dx
dy
put in eq (i)
dx
dv ( 2vx − x )
v+x =
dx ( 2vx + x )
dv 2v − 1
v+x =
dx 2v + 1

dv 2v − 1
x =− −v
dx 2v + 1
dv −2v 2 + v − 1
x =
dx 2v + 1
2v + 1 dx
∫ 2v 2 − v + 1 dv = ∫ − x
1 4v + 2 dx
∫
2 2v − v + 1
2
dv = − ∫
x
1 4v + 1 1 3 dx
∫
2 2v − v + 1
2
dv + ∫ 2
2 2v − v + 1
dv = ∫ −
x
1 4v − 1 3 dv dx
∫
2 2v − v + 1
2
dv + ∫ 2
= ∫−
4  1  7  x
2
 v −  +  
 4  4 
 1
 v− 
log ( 2v 2 − v + 1) + .
1 3 4 4  = − log x + log c
tan-1
2 4 7  7 
 
 4 
1  y2 y  3  4y − x 
log  2 2 − + 1 + tan −1   = − log x + log c
2  x x  7  7x 
put x = 1, y = 1
1 3  3 
log c log 2 + tan −1  
2 7  7
1  2 y 2 − xy + x 2  3  4y − x 
⇒ log  2 + tan −1  
2  x  7  7x 
1 3 3
= − log x + log 2 + tan −1
2 7 7
Ans 08. ( 3xy + y ) dx + ( x

2 2
+ xy ) dy = 0
( 3xy + y ) dx = − ( x + xy ) dy
2 2
dy
=−
( 3xy + y ) (i)
2
dx x 2 + xy
let y=v x
dy dv
= v.1 + x.
dx dx
dy
put in rq (i)
dx

v+x
dv
= −v
(3 + v )
dx 1+ v
v +1 dx
∫v + 2v
2
.dv = −2 ∫
x
1 2v + 2 dx
∫
2 v + 2v
2
dv = − ∫
x
log ( v 2 + 2v ) = − log x + log c
1 1
2 2
log ( v 2 + 2v ) x 2 = log c
y 2 + 2 xy = c
Ans 09. (x 2
+ 1)
dy
dx
+ 2 xy = x 2 + 4
dy 2 xy x2 + 4
+ 2 = 2
dx x + 1 x +1
given diff. eq is the form of
dy
+ Py = Q
dx
2x x2 + 4
P= , Q=
x +1
2
x2 + 1
2x
∫ x2 +1dx
I .F = e
( )
log x 2 +1
=e = x2 + 1
x2 + 4
y x ( x 2 + 1) = ∫
x2 + 1
( )
× x 2 + 1 dx + c
y ( x 2 + 1) = ∫ x 2 + 4 dx+c
y ( x 2 + 1) =
1
x x 2 + 4 + 4 log x+ x 2 + 4  + c
2  
dy
Ans 10. + 2 y tan x = Sin x
dx
Given diff eq is the form of
dy
+ Py = Q
dx
P = 2 tan x, Q = Sin x

I. F. = e ∫
P dx
= e∫
2 tan x dx
= e 2log Sec x
= elog Sec x
2
= sec 2 x
y × sec 2 x = ∫ sin x sec x dx + c
2
= ∫ sec x. tan x dx + c
y × sec2 x = sec x + c
sec x + c
y=
sec 2 x
1 c
y= +
sec x sec 2 x
y = cos x + c. cos 2 x

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-10 Vectors
1. Is the measure of 5 seconds is scalar or vector? [1]
2. Find the sum of the vectors. [1]
a = i − 2 j + k, b = −2i + 4 j + 5k c = ɵi − 6 ɵj − 7 kɵ
3. Find the direction ratios and the direction cosines of the vector [2]
r = 2ɵi − 7 ɵj − 3kɵ
4. [2]
Find the angle between vectors a and b if a = 3, b = 2 a.b = 6
5. [2]
2
Vectors a and b be such that a = 3, and b = , then a × b is a unit vector.
3
Find angle between a and b .
6. Find the unit vector in the direction of the sum of the vectors [4]
a = 2ɵi + 2 ɵj − 5kɵ , b = 2ɵi + ɵj + 3kɵ
( ) ( ) ( )
7. [4]
Show that the points A 2ɵi − ɵj + kɵ , B ɵi − 3 ɵj − 5kɵ , C 3ɵi − 4 ɵj − 4kɵ are the
vertices of right angled triangle.
( ) ( ) ( )
8. [4]
Show that the points A −2ɵi + 3 ɵj + 5kɵ , B ɵi + 2 ɵj + 3kɵ and C 7ɵi − kɵ are
collinear.
[6]
9. If a, b, c are unit vector such that a + b + c = 0 find the value of a.b + b.c + c.a
[6]
10. If a = 2ɵi + 2 ɵj + 3kɵ , b = −ɵi + 2 ɵj + kɵ , c = 3ɵi + ɵj are such that a + λ b is ⊥ to c is
then find the value of λ .

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-10 Vectors [ANSWERS]
Ans1. Scalar
Ans2. d = a+b+c
= 0ɵi − 4 ɵj − kɵ
Ans3. D.R of r are 2, −7, −3
r = 4 + 49 + 9 = 62
2 −7 −3
D.C of r are , ,
62 62 62
a.b
Ans4. cos θ =
a b
6 2× 3 2
= = =
( 3 ).( 2) 3 .2 2. 2
θ =π 4
1
cos θ =
2
Ans5. a × b = a b sin θ
2
1= 3 × × sin θ
3
1
= sin θ
2
θ =π 4

Ans6. Let c = a + b
( ) (
= 2ɵi + 2 ɵj − 5kɵ + 2ɵi + ɵj + 3kɵ )
= 4ɵi + 3 ɵj − 2kɵ
c = 16 + 9 + 4
= 29
The required unit vector is
c
cɵ =
c
4ɵi + 3 ɵj − 2kɵ
=
29
4 ɵ 3 ɵ 2 ɵ
= i+ j− k
29 29 29
Ans7. AB = −ɵi − 2 ɵj − 6kɵ
BC = 2ɵi − ɵj + kɵ
CA = −ɵi + 3 ɵj + 5kɵ
2
AB = 41
BC = 6
CA = 35
2 2 2
AB = BC + CA
Hence, the ∆ is a right angled triangle.
Ans8. AB = 3ɵi − ɵj − 2kɵ
BC = 6ɵi − 2 ɵj − 4kɵ
CA = 9ɵi − 3 ɵj − 6kɵ
AB = 14, BC = 2 14

and AC = 3 14
AC = AB + BC
Hence points A, B, C are collinear.
Ans9. a = 1, b = 1, c = 1,
a+b+c = 0 ( Given )
(
a. a + b + c )
a.a + a.b + a.c = 0
(a)
2
+ a.b + a.c = 0
1 + a.b + a.c = 0
a.b + a.c = −1 − − − − − − − (i )
similiorly
b.a + b.c = −1 − − − − − − − (ii )

again
c.a + c.b = −1 − − − − − − − (iii )

adding (i ), (ii ) and (iii )
(
2 a.b + b.c + c.a = −3 )  a.b = b.a

a.b + b.c + c.a = −3 2
( ) (
Ans10. a + λ b = 2ɵi + 2 ɵj + 3kɵ + λ −ɵi + 2 ɵj + kɵ )
= ( 2 − λ ) ɵi + ( 2 + 2λ ) ɵj + ( 3 + λ ) kɵ
( a + λ b ) .c = 0 ∵ a + λ b ⊥ c
( ( )
 2 − λ ) ɵi + ( 2 + 2λ ) ɵj + ( 3 + λ ) kɵ  . 3ɵi + ɵj = 0

3 ( 2 − λ ) + ( 2 + 2λ ) = 0
−λ = −8
λ =8

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
CH-10 Vectors
1. Is the measure of 10 Newton is scalar or vector. [1]
2. Write two different vectors having same magnitude. [1]

[1]
3. Find the direction ratios and the direction cosines of the vector r = ɵi + ɵj + kɵ
[2]
4. Find a − b if a = 2, b = 3 and a.b = 4
[2]
5. If a = 4ɵi + 3 ɵj + 2kɵ b = 3ɵi + 2kɵ find b × 2a
[2]
6. Consider two point P and Q with position vectors OP = 3a − 2b and OQ = a + b
. Find the positions vector of a point R which divides the line joining P and Q
in the ratio 2:1 (i) internally (ii) externally.
7. Show that the points A, B, C with position vectors [4]
−2a + 3b + 5c, a + 2b + 3c and 7 a − c respectively are collinear.
8. Find a unit vector ⊥ to each of the vectors [4]
( a + b ) and ( a − b ) where a = ɵi + ɵj + kɵ , b = ɵi + 2 ɵj + 3kɵ

[4]
9. The scalar product of the vector ɵi + ɵj + kɵ with a unit vector along the sum of
vectors 2ɵi + 4 ɵj − 5kɵ , and λ ɵi + 2 ɵj + 3kɵ is equal the one. Find the value of λ
10. Find the area of the ∆ with vertices A (1, 1, 2) B (2, 3, 5) and C (1, 5, 5). [4]

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
CLASS - XII MATHEMATICS (Vectors & Three Dimensional Geometry)
Topic: - Vectors [ANSWERS]
Ans1. Vector
Ans2. a = ɵi + 2 ɵj + 3kɵ
a = 1 + 4 + 9 = 14
b = 3ɵi + 2 ɵj + 1kɵ
b = 9 + 4 + 1 = 14
Ans3. D.R of r are 1,1,1
r = 1+1+1 = 3
1 1 1
D.C of are , ,
3 3 3
( )( )
2
Ans4. a −b = a −b . a −b
= a.a − a.b − b.a + b.b

2
= a − 2a.b + b
= 4 − 2× 4 + 9
=5
a −b = 5
Ans5. b = 3ɵi + 2kɵ
2a = 8ɵi + 6 ɵj + 4kɵ

ɵi ɵj kɵ
b × 2a = 3 0 2
8 6 4
= ɵi ( 0 − 12 ) − ɵj (12 − 16 ) + kɵ (18 − 0 )
−12ɵi + 4 ɵj + 18kɵ
b × 2a = ( −12 ) + ( 4 ) + (18)
2 2 2
= 484
= 22
Ans6. (i) OR =
( ) (
2 a + b + 1 3a − 2b )
2 +1
5a
=
3
(ii) OR =
( ) (
2 a + b − 3a − 2b )
2 −1
2a + 2b − 3a + 2b
=
1
= 4b − a
Ans7. O A = −2a + 3b + 5c
OB = a + 2b + 3c
OC = 7 a − c
AB = OB − O A = 3a − b − 2c
BC = OC − OB = 6a − 2b − 4c
(
= 2 3a − b − 2c )
BC = 2 AB
Thus AB || BC but one point B is common to both vectors hence A, B, C are collinear.

Ans8. ( ) (
A vector which is ⊥ to both a + b are a − b is giving by )
ɵi ɵj kɵ
(a + b) × (a − b) = 2 3 4
0 −1 −2
= −2ɵi + 4 ɵj − 2kɵ
Let c = −2ɵi + 4 ɵj − 2kɵ
c = 4 + 16 + 4
= 24
=2 6
Req. unit vector is
c 1 ɵ 2 ɵ 1 ɵ
=− i+ j− k
c 6 6 6
Ans9. a = 2ɵi + 4 ɵj − 5kɵ
b = λ ɵi + ɵj + 3kɵ
a + b = ( 2 + λ ) ɵi + 6 ɵj − 2kɵ
Unit vector along

a+b
a+b =
a+b
=
( 2 + λ ) ɵi + 6 ɵj − 2kɵ
( 2 + λ ) + ( 6 ) + (-2)2
2 2
=
( 2 + λ ) ɵi + 6 ɵj − 2kɵ
( 2 + λ ) + 40
2
(
ATQ c. a + b = 1 )
ɵi + ɵj + kɵ .  ( 2 + λ ) i + 6 j − 2k  = 1
 ɵ ɵ ɵ
( )  ( 2 + λ )2 + 40 
 

(2 + λ ) + 6 − 2 = 1
( 2 + λ ) + 40
2
2+λ +4 = (2 + λ ) + 40
2
sq.both site
λ 2 + 36 + 12λ = ( 2 + λ ) + 40
2
λ =1
Ans10. A (1, 1, 2) B(2, 3, 5) C (1, 5, 5)
OA = ɵi + ɵj + 2kɵ
OB = 2ɵi + 3 ɵj + 5kɵ
OC = ɵi + 5 ɵj + 5kɵ
AB = OB − OA = ɵi + 2 ɵj + 2kɵ
AC = OC − OA = 4 ɵj + 3kɵ
iˆ ˆj kˆ
AB × AC = 1 2 2
0 4 3
= −2iˆ − 3 ˆj + 4kˆ
1
Arae of ∆ABC = AB × AC
2
1
= ( −2 ) + ( −3) + ( 4 )
2 2 2
2
1
= 29 sq.unit
2

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
CH-10 Vectors
1. Is the measure of 20 m/s towards north is scalar or vector. [1]
2. a = ɵi + 2 ɵj b = 2ɵi + ɵj Is a = b [1]
[1]
3. Find the direction ratios and the direction cosines of the vector r = ɵi + 2 ɵj + 3kɵ
( )( )
4. [2]
Evaluate the product 3a − 5b . 2a + 7b
[2]
5. Find a × b if a = 2ɵi + ɵj + 3kɵ , b = 3ɵi + 5 ɵj − 2kɵ
6. Show that the points A (1, -2, -8) B (5, 0, -2) and C (11, 3, 7) are collinear, and [2]
find the ratio in which B divides AC.

[4]
7. Find a vector d which is ⊥ to both a and b and c . d =15
Let a = ɵi + 4 ɵj + 2kɵ
b = 3ɵi − 2 ɵj + 7 kɵ
c = 2ɵi − ɵj + 4kɵ
8. [4]
Let a, b and c be three vectors such that a = 3, b = 4, c = 5 and each one of
them being ⊥ to the sum of the other two, find a + b + c
[4]
9. If a = 4ɵi + 2 ɵj − kɵ
b = 5ɵi + 2 ɵj − 3kɵ
Find the angel between the vectors a + b and a − b

10. Find the sine of the angel between the vectors. [4]
a = 2ɵi − ɵj + 3kɵ
b = ɵi + 3 ɵj + 2kɵ

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
Topic: - Vectors [ANSWERS]
Ans1. Vector
a = (1) + ( 2 ) = 5
2 2
Ans2.
b = ( 2 ) + (1) = 5
2 2
Ans3. D.R of r are 1, 2,3

r = 1+ 4 + 9 = 4
1 2 3
D.C of r are , ,
14 14 14
Ans4. ( 3a − 5b ) .( 2a + 7b )
2 2
= 6 a − 11a.b − 35 b
∵ a.a = a 2 b.b = b 2 a.b = b.a

ɵi ɵj kɵ
Ans5. a×b = 2 1 3
3 5 −2
= ɵi ( −2 − 15 ) − ɵj ( −4 − 9 ) + kɵ (10 − 3)
= −17ɵi + 13 ɵj + 7 kɵ
Ans6. A (1, -2, -8), B (5, 0, -2), C (11, 3, 7)

OA = 1ɵi − 2 ɵj − 8kɵ
OB = 5ɵi − 0 ɵj − 2kɵ
OC = 11ɵi + 3 ɵj + 7 kɵ
AB = OB − OA
= 4ɵi + 2 ɵj + 6kɵ

BC = OC − OB
(
= 3 2ɵi + ɵj + 3kɵ)
= ( 4ɵi + 2 ɵj + 6kɵ )
3
2
3
BC = AB
2
Thus BC AB and one point B is common there fore A, B, C are collinear and B
divides AC in 2:3.
Ans7. a = ɵi + 4 ɵj + 2kɵ
b = 3ɵi − 2 ɵj + 7 kɵ
c = 2ɵi − ɵj + 4kɵ
Let d = xiɵ + y ɵj + zkɵ
ATQ d .a = 0, d .b = 0 and c.d = 15
x + 4 y + 2 z = 0 − − − − − − − −(1)
3 x − 2 y + 7 z = 0 − − − − − − − (2)
2 x − y + 4 z = 15 − − − − − − − (3)
On solving equation (i) and (ii)
x y z
= = =K
28 + 4 6 − 7 −2 − 12
x = 32k , y = −k , z = −14k
Put x, y, z in equation (iii)
2 ( 32k ) − ( − k ) + 4 ( −14k ) = 15
64k + k − 56k = 15
9k = 15
15
k=
9
5
k=
3
5 160
x = 32 × =
3 3

5 5
y=− =−
3 3
5 70
z = −14 × = −
3 3
160 ɵ 5 ɵ 70 ɵ
d= i− j− k
3 3 3
Ans8. ( ) ( ) ( )
a. b + c = 0, b. c + a = 0 c. a + b = 0, ( Given )
a + b + c = ( a + b + c ) .( a + b + c )
2
= a.a + a. ( b + c ) + b.b + b. ( a + c ) + c.c + ( a + b )

2 2 2
= a +b +c
= 9 + 16 + 25
= 50
a + b + c = 50
=5 2
Ans9. a + b = 9ɵi + 4 ɵj − 4kɵ

a − b = −iˆ + 2kɵ
( a + b ) .( a − b ) = −17
a + b = 113
a −b = 5
cos θ =
( a + b ) .( a − b ) ɵi ɵj kɵ
a +b a −b Ans10. a × b = 2 −1 3
1 3 2
−17
=
113. 5 = −11ɵi − ɵj + 7 kɵ
−17
cos θ = a×b = ( −11) + ( −1) + ( 7 )
2 2 2
565
 −17  = 171 = 3 19
θ = cos −1  
 565  a×b 3 19 3
sin θ = = = 19
a b 14. 14 14

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
CH-10 Vectors
1. Is the measure of 30 m/s towards north is scalar or vector. [1]
2. Compute the magnitude of b = 2ɵi − 7 ɵj − 3kɵ [1]
[1]
3. Find the direction ratios and the direction cosines of the vector r = ɵi + 2 ɵj − kɵ
( x − a )( x + a ) = 8, Then find
4. [2]
a Is unit vector and x
( ) ( ) ( )
[2]
5. Show that a − b × a + b = 2 a × b a and b.
[2]
6. Three vectors a, b and c satisfy the condition a + b + c = 0 Evaluate the
quantity µ = a.b + b.c + c.a if a = 1, b = 4, c = 2
[4]
7. If with reference to the right handed system of mutually ⊥ unit vectors
ɵi , ɵj , kɵ and kɵ , α = 3ɵi − ɵj, β = 2ɵi + ɵj − 3kɵ then express β in the
form β = β1 + β 2 , where β1 is || to α and β 2 is ⊥ to α
[4]
8. If a, b and c be three vectors such that a+b+c = 0 and
a = 3, b = 5, c = 7 find the angle between a and b.
9. Find the area of the ||gm whose adjacent sides are represented by the [4]
vectors, a = 3ɵi + ɵj − 2kɵ , b = ɵi − 3 ɵj + 4kɵ
10. Find the vector joining the points P (2, 3, 0) and Q (-1, -2, -4) directed from P [4]
to Q. Also find direction ratio and direction cosine.

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
Ans1. Scalar
b = ( 2 ) + ( −7 ) + ( −3)
2 2 2
Ans2.
= 4 + 49 + 9
= 62
Ans3. D.R of r are 1, 2, −1

r = 1+ 4 +1 = 6
1 2 −1
D.C of r are , ,
6 6 6
Ans4. a =1
( x − a ).( x + a ) = 8
2
x −1 = 8
2
x =9
x =3
Ans5. (
L.H .S = a − b × a + b ) ( )
= a× a + a×b − b× a − b×b
= 0 + a×b + a×b − 0
∵ a × b = 0
(
= 2 a×b  )
 a × b = −b × a
Ans6. a+b+c = 0
(
a. a + b + c = 0 )
a.a + a.b + a.c = 0

2
a.b + a.c = − a
a.b + a.c = −1 − − − − − − − (i )
b.a + b.c = −16 − − − − − (ii )
a.c + b.c = −4 − − − − − (iii )
Adding (i) (ii) and (iii)
(
2 a.b + b.c + a.c = −21 )
−21
µ=
2
Ans7. Let β 1 = λα ∵ β 1 || toα


(
β 1 = λ 3ɵi − ɵj )
= 3λ ɵi − λ ɵj
β 2 = β − β1
( ) (
= 2ɵi + ɵj − 3kɵ − 3λ ɵi − λ ɵj )
= ( 2 − 3λ ) ɵi + (1 + λ ) ɵj − 3kɵ
α .β 2 = 0 ∵ β 2 ⊥ α

3 ( 2 − 3λ ) − (1 + λ ) = 0
1
λ=
2
3 1
β 1 = ɵi − ɵj
2 2
1 3
β 2 = ɵi + ɵj − 3kɵ
2 2
Ans8. a+b+c = 0
a + b = −c
( a + b ) .( −c ) = −c.( −c )
( a + b ) .( a + b ) = c.c
2 2 2
a + 2ab + b = c
49 − 9 − 25 15
a.b = =
2 2

a.b
cos θ =
a b
1
=
2
θ = 60
ɵi ɵj kɵ
Ans9. a × b = 3 1 −2
1 −3 4
= −2ɵi − 14 ɵj − 10kɵ
req.area = a × b
= ( −2 ) + ( −14 ) + ( −10 ) = 10 3
2 2 2
Ans10. PQ = ( −1 − 2 ) ɵi + ( −2 − 3) ɵj + ( −4 − 0 ) kɵ
= −3ɵi − 5 ɵj − 4kɵ
DR are − 3, −5, −4
PQ = 9 + 25 + 16
−3 −5 −4
D.C are , ,
50 50 50

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
CH-10 Vectors
1. Is the measure of 1000 cm3 is scalar or vector. [1]
2. Write two different vectors having same direction. [1]

[1]
3. Find the direction ratios and the direction cosines of the vector r = ɵi + ɵj − 2kɵ
4. [2]
Find angle between two vectors a and b if a = 1, b = 2 a.b = 1
[2]
5. Find a vector in the direction of vector a = ɵi − 2 ɵj that has magnitude 7 units.
[2]
6. If a = ɵi + ɵj + kɵ , b = ɵj − kɵ find a vector c such that a × c = b. and a.c = 3
[4]
7. Find the value of λ so that the vectors 2ɵi − 4 ɵj + kɵ and 4ɵi − 8 ɵj + λ kɵ are (i) parallel
(ii) perpendicular
[4]
8.
Show that a = (
1 ɵ ɵ
7
) 1
7
( ) 1
(
2i + 3 j + 6kɵ b = 6ɵi + 2 ɵj − 3kɵ c = 3ɵi − 6 ɵj + 2kɵ
7
)
[6]
9. If a = 3ɵi + ɵj + 2kɵ b = 2ɵi − 2 ɵj + 4kɵ find
(i) Magnitude of a × b
(ii) A unit vector ⊥ a and b to both
(iii) The cosine and cosine of the angle b w the vectors a and b
[4]
10. The vectors a = 3ɵi + x ɵj − kɵ and b = 2ɵi − ɵj + ykɵ are mutually ⊥ . Given a = b , find
x and y

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
Ans1. Scalar
Ans2. a = 1ɵi + 3 ɵj + 5kɵ

b = 2ɵi + 4 ɵj + 6kɵ
(
b = 2 ɵi + 2 ɵj + 3kɵ )
b = 2a
Ans3. D.R of r are 1,1, −2

r = 1+1+ 4 = 6
1 1 −2
D.C of r are , ,
6 6 6
a.b
Ans4. cos θ =
a b
1 1
cos θ = =
(1)( 2 ) 2
π π
cos θ = cos ⇒θ =
3 3
a
Ans5. aɵ =
a
=
( ɵi − 2 ɵj
)
5
Vector having magnitude equal to 7 and in the direction of a is
 ɵi − 2 ɵj 
7 aɵ = 7 
 5 
 
=
5
(
7 ɵ ɵ
i−2j )

Ans6. a = ɵi + ɵj + kɵ
b = ɵj − kɵ
Let c = c1 ɵi + c2 ɵj + c3 kɵ
a×c = b
ɵi ɵj kɵ
1 1 1 =b
c1 c2 c3
ɵi. ( c − c ) − ɵj ( c − c ) + kɵ ( c − c ) = ɵj − kɵ
3 2 3 1 2 1
c3 − c2 = 0
c3 = c2 − − − − − − − −(i )
−c3 + c1 = 1 − − − − − (ii )
c2 − c1 = −1 − − − − − (iii )
also a.c = 3
c1 + c2 + c3 = 3 − − − −(iv)
on solving equaiton (i) (ii) (iii) and (iv)
2
c1 = 5 , c2 = 2 , c3 =
3 3 3
2
c = 5 ɵi + 2 ɵj + kɵ .
3 3 3
Ans7. (i) Given vectors are parallel

ɵi ɵj kɵ
if 2 −4 1 = 0
4 −8 λ
λ=2
(ii) For ⊥
( )( )
4ɵi − 8 ɵj + λ kɵ . 2ɵi − 4 ɵj + kɵ = 0
8 + 32 + λ = 0
λ = −40
Ans8. a =1
b =1
c =1

Hence they are unit vectors
a.b = 0
b.c = 0
c.a = 0
a ⊥ b, b ⊥ c and c ⊥ a
So they are ⊥ to each other.
ɵi ɵj kɵ
Ans9. (i) a × b = 3 1 2 (iii) a.b = 12
2 −2 4 a = 14
= 8ɵi − 8 ɵj − 8kɵ b = 24
a×b = 8 3 a.b
cos θ =
a b
a×b 12 3
(ii) = = =
a×b 14. 24 7
8ɵi − 8 ɵj − 8kɵ a+b
= Also sin θ =
8 3 a b
8 3
=
14 24
2
=
7
Ans10. a.b = 0 ∵ a ⊥ b

y − x = 6 − − − − − − − −(1)
a =b ( Given )
32 + x 2 + 1 = 22 + 12 + y 2
y 2 − x2 = 5
( y − x )( y + x ) = 5
6( y − x) = 5
y−x= 5
6
−31 41
x= ,y=
12 12

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-11 Three Dimensional Geometry
1. Find the directions cosines of x, y and z axis. [1]
2. Find the vector equation for the line passing through the points (-1,0,2) and [1]
(3,4,6)
3. Find the angle between the vector having direction ratios 3,4,5 and 4, -3, 5. [1]
Find the vector and Cartesian equation of the line through the point (5, 2,-4) [2]
4.
and which is parallel to the vector 3ɵi + 2 ɵj − 8kɵ
Find the angle between the lines [2]
5.
r = (3ɵi + ɵj − 2kɵ ) + λ (ɵi − ɵj − 2k )
r = (2ɵi − ɵj − 56kɵ ) + µ (3ɵi − 5 ɵj − 4kɵ )
6. Find the shortest distance between the lines [2]
r = (ɵi + 2 ɵj + kɵ ) + λ (ɵi − ɵj + kɵ )
r = (2ɵi − ɵj − k ) + µ (2ɵi + ɵj + 2kɵ )
[4]
7. Find the direction cosines of the unit vector ⊥ to the plane
r.(6ɵi − 3 ɵj − 2kɵ ) + 1 = 0 passing through the origin.
8. Find the angle between the two planes 3x – 6y + 2z = 7 and 2x + 2y - 2z = 5 [4]
9. Find the coordinate where the line thorough (3,-4,-5) and ((2,-3,1) crosses [6]
the plane 2x + y + z = 7
10. Find the vector equation of the plane passing through the intersection of [6]
planes r.(ɵi + ɵj + kɵ ) = 6 and r.(2ɵi + 3 ɵj + 4kɵ ) = −5 And the point (1,1,1)

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-11 Three Dimensional Geometry [ANSWERS]
Ans1. 1,0,0, 0,1,0 0,0,1
Ans2. Let a and b be the p.v of the points A (-1,0,2) and B ( 3, 4 6)

r = a + λ (b − a )
= ( −ɵi + 2 ɵj ) + λ (4ɵi + 4 ɵj + 4kɵ )
Ans3. Let a1 = 3, b1 = 4, c1 = 5 and a2 = 4, b2 = -3, c2 = 5

 a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c2  1
cos θ =  =
 a 2 +b2 +c 2 a 2
+ b 2
+ c 2  2
 1 1 1 2 2 2 
θ = 600
Ans4. a = 5ɵi + 2 ɵj − 4kɵ , b = 3ɵi + 2 ɵj − 8kɵ

Vector equation of line is
r = a + λb
= 5ɵi + 2 ɵj − 4kɵ + λ (3ɵi + 2 ɵj − 8kɵ )
Cartesian equation is
xiɵ + y ɵj + zkɵ = 5ɵi + 2 ɵj − 4kɵ + λ (3ɵi + 2 ɵj − 8kɵ )
xiɵ + y ɵj + zkɵ = (5 + 3λ )ɵi + (2 + 2λ ) ɵj + (−4 − 8λ )kɵ
x = 5 + 3λ , y = 2 + 2λ , z = −4 − 8λ
x −5 y −2 z + 4
= =
3 2 −8
Ans5. Let θ is the angle between the given lines

b1 = ɵi − ɵj − 2kɵ
and
b 2 = 3ɵi − 5 ɵj − 4kɵ
b1 ⋅ b 2
cos θ =
b1 b 2

(ɵi − ɵj − 2kɵ ) ⋅ (3ɵi − 5 ɵj − 4kɵ )
ɵi − ɵj − 2kɵ 3ɵi − 5 ɵj − 4kɵ
3+5+8 16
= =
6 50 50
16
6 5 2
16 3
×
2× 3× 5× 2 3
816 3
=
2 × 3× 5
8 3
cos θ =
15
8 3 
θ = cos −1  
 15 
Ans6. a1 = ɵi + 2 ɵj + kɵ , b1 = ɵi − ɵj + kɵ
a 2 = 2ɵi − ɵj − kɵ , b1 = 2ɵi + ɵj + 2kɵ
d=
(a 2 )
− a1 .(b1 × b 2 )
b1 × b 2
a 2 − a1 = ɵi − 3 ɵj − 2kɵ
ɵi ɵj kɵ
b1 × b 2 = 1 −1 1
2 1 2
= −3ɵi + 3kɵ
(ɵi − 3 ɵj − 2kɵ ).(−3ɵi + 3kɵ

d=
−3ɵi + 3kɵ
−3 − 6 9 3
= = =
9+9 3 2 2

Ans7. r.(6ɵi − 3 ɵj − 2kɵ ) = −1
rɵ .( −6ɵi + 3 ɵj + 2kɵ ) = 1....(1)
−6ɵi + 3 ɵj + 2kɵ = 36 + 9 + 4 = 7
Dividing equation 1 by 7
 −6 3 2  1
r.  ɵi + ɵj + kɵ  =
 7 7 7  7
−6 ɵ 3 ɵ 2 ɵ
nɵ = i + j + k[∵ r.n = d
7 7 7
−6 3 2
Hence direction cosines of nɵ is , ,
7 5 7
Ans8. Comparing the giving eq of the planes with the equations
A1 x +B1y +C1Z + D = 0 , A2 x + B2y + C2 Z + D2 = 0

A1 = 3, B1 = -6, C1 = 2
A2 = 2, B2 = 2, C2 = -2
A1 A2 + B1 B2 + C1C2
cos θ =
A + B12 + C12 A2 2 + B2 2 + C2 2
1
2
−10
=
7× 2 3
5 5 3
= =
7 3 21
5 3
θ = COS −1  
 21 
Ans 09. Given points are A(3,-4,-5)

B(2,-3,1)
Direction ration of AB are 3-2, -4+3, -5-1
1,-1,-6
Eq. of line AB
Ans10.
n1 = ɵi + ɵj + kɵ , n 2 = 2ɵi + 3 ɵj + 4kɵ
d 1 = −5, d 2 = 6
Using the relation

r.(n1 + λ n2 ) = d1 + λ d 2
r.[(1 + 2λ )ɵi + (1 + 3λ ) ɵj + (1 + 4λ )kɵ ] = 6 − 5λ......(1)
taking r = xiɵ + y ɵj + zkɵ
( xiɵ + y ɵj + zkɵ )[(1 + 2λ )ɵi + (1 + 3λ ) ɵj + (1 + 4λ )kɵ ] = 6 − 5λ
(1 + 2λ ) x + (1 + 3λ ) y + (1 + 4λ ) z = 6 − 5λ
( x + y + z − 6) + λ (2 x + 3 y + 4 y + 4 z + 5) = 0....(2)
plane passes through the po int (1,1,1)
3
λ=
14
put λ in eq (1)
 3   9  6  15
r.  1 +  ɵi +  1 +  ɵj +  1 +  kɵ  = 6 −
 7   14   7  14
 10 23 13  69
r.  ɵi + ɵj + kɵ  =
7 14 7  14
r.(20ɵi + 23 ɵj + 26kɵ ) = 69
x−3 y +4 Z +5
= = = λ ( say )
1 −1 −6
x = λ + 3, y = −λ − 4, Z = −6λ − 5
let
(λ + 3, − λ − 4, − 6λ − 5) lies in
the plane 2 x + y + Z = 7
2(λ + 3) + (−λ − 4) + (−6λ − 5) = 7
λ = −2
(1, −2, 7)
are the required point

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
1. What is the direction ratios of the line segment joining P(x1 y1 z1) and Q (x2 [1]
y2 z2)
2. x+3 y −5 z +6 [1]
The Cartesian equation of a line is = = Find the vector
2 4 2
equation for the line.
3. x + 3 y −1 z − 5 x +1 y − 2 z − 5 [2]
Show that the lines = = and = = are
−3 1 5 −1 2 5
coplanar.
4. Find the shortest between the l 1 and l2 whose vectors equations are [2]
r = ɵi + ɵj + λ (2ɵi − ɵj + kɵ )
r = 2ɵi + ɵj − kɵ + µ (3ɵi − 5 ɵj + 2kɵ )
5. Find the angel between lines [4]

r = (2ɵi − 5 ɵj + kɵ ) + λ (3ɵi + 2 ɵj + 6kɵ )
r = (7ɵi − 6kɵ ) µ (ɵi + 2 ɵj + 2kɵ )
[4]
6. x −5 y + 2 z x y z
Show that the lines = = and = = Are perpendicular to each
7 −5 1 1 2 3
others
Find the vector equations of the plane passing through the points R(2,5,-3), [4]
7.
Q(-2,-3,5) and T (5,3,-3)
[4]
8. Find the Cartesian equation of the plane r.(ɵi + ɵj − kɵ ) = 2
9. Find the equation of the plane through the intersection of the planes [6]
3x – y + 2z -4 = 0 and x + y + z – 2 = 0 and the point (2,2,1)
10. If the points (1,1p) and (-3,0,1)be equidistant from the plane [6]
r.(3ɵi + 4 ɵj − 12kɵ ) + 13 = 0 , then find the value of p.

CBSE TEST PAPER-02

Ans1. x2 – x1, y2 – y, and z2-z1 are the direction ratio of the line segment PQ.
Ans2. Comparing the given equation with the standard equation form
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1
= =
a b c
r = ( −3ɵi + 5 ɵj + 6kɵ ) + λ (2ɵi + 4 ɵj + 2kɵ )
Ans3. x1=-3, y1 = 1, z1 = 5
a1 = -3, b1=1, c1= 5
x2 = -1, y2=2, z2 = 5
a2 = -1, b2 = 2, c2 = 5
x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1 2 1 0
a1 b1 c1 = −3 1 5 = 0
a2 b2 c2 −1 2 5
Therefore lines are coplanar.
Ans4. a1 = ɵi + ɵj , b1 = 2ɵi − ɵj + kɵ
a 2 = 2ɵi + ɵj − kɵ , b 2 = 3ɵi − 5 ɵj + 2kɵ
a 2 − a1 = ɵi − kɵ
ɵi ɵj kɵ
b1 × b 2 = 2 −1 1
3 −5 2
= 3ɵi − ɵj − 7 kɵ
b1 × b 2 = 59
(b1 × b 2 ).(a 2 − a1 ) 3− 0+ 7 10
d= = =
b1 × b 2 59 59

Ans5. b1 = 3ɵi + 2 ɵj + 6kɵ
b 2 = ɵi + 2 ɵj + 2kɵ
The angle θ between them is given by
b1.b 2
cos θ =
b1 b2
(3ɵi + 2 ɵj + 6kɵ ).(ɵi + 2 ɵj + 2kɵ )

3ɵi + 2 ɵj + 6kɵ ɵi + 2 ɵj + 2kɵ
3 + 4 + 12
49 9
19 19
= =
7 × 3 21
x − 5 y − (−2) z − 0
Ans6. = =
7 −5 1
x−0 y−0 z −0
= =
1 2 3
a1 = 7, b1 = −5, c1 = 1
a2 = 1, b2 = 2, c2 = 3
For ⊥
a1a2+b1b2+c1c2=0
L.H. S
= 7 × 1 + ( −5 × 2) + 1× 3
= 7 − 10 + 3
=0
hence l1 ⊥ l2
Ans7. Let
a = 2ɵi + 5 ɵj − 3kɵ
b = −2ɵi − 3 ɵj + 5kɵ
c = 5ɵi + 3 ɵj − 3kɵ
Vector equation is
( r − a ).[(b − a ) × (c − a )] = 0
[ r − (2ɵi + 5 ɵj − 3kɵ )].[( −4ɵi − 8 ɵj + 8kɵ ) × (3ɵi − 2 ɵj )] = 0

Ans8. Let
r = xiɵ + yiɵ + zkɵ
r.(ɵi + ɵj − kɵ ) = 2
( xiɵ + yiɵ + zkɵ )(ɵi + ɵj − kɵ ) = 2
x+ y−z =2
Which is the required equation of plane.
Ans9. Equation of any plane through the intersection of given planes can be taken
as (3x − y + 2 z − 4) + λ ( x + y + z − 2) = 0.....(i )
The point (2,2,1) lies in this plane
λ = −2 / 3 put in eq ….(i)
2
( 3x − y + 2 z − 4 ) − ( x + y + z − 2) = 0
3
7x − 5 y + 4z − 8 = 0
Ans10. The given plane is

r.(3ɵi + 4 ɵj − 12kɵ ) + 13 = 0
( xiɵ + y ɵj + zkɵ ).(3ɵi + 4 ɵj − 12kɵ ) + 13 = 0
3 x + 4 y − 12 z + 13 = 0....(i )
This plane is equidistant from the points (1,1,P) and (-3,0,1)
3(1) + 4(1) − 12 p + 13 3(−3) + 4(0) − 12(1) + 13

=
32 + 42 + (−12)2 32 + 42 + (−12)2
20 − 12 p = −8
20 − 12 p = ±8
7
p = −1or
3

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
1. If a line has the direction ratios -18, 12, -4 then what are its direction cosines [1]
Find the angle between the pair of line given by
2. [1]
(
r = 3ɵi + 2 ɵj − 4kɵ + λ ɵi + 2 ɵj + 2kɵ )
r = 5ɵi − 2 ɵj + µ (3ɵi + 2 ɵj + 6kɵ )
3. Prove that the points A(2,1,3) B(5, 0,5)and C(-4, 3,-1) are collinear [2]
find the distance between the lines l1 and l2 given by [2]

4.
r = ɵi + 2 ɵj − 4kɵ + λ (2ɵi + 3 ɵj + 6kɵ )
r = 3ɵi + 3 ɵj − 5kɵ + µ (2ɵi + 3 ɵj + 6kɵ )
Find the angle between lines [2]
5.
x y z x−5 y −2 z −3
= = , = =
2 2 1 4 1 8
Find the shortest distance between the lines [4]
6.
x +1 y +1 z +1 x−3 y −5 z −7
= = and = =
7 −6 1 1 −2 1
Find the vector and Cartesian equations of the plane which passes through the [4]
7.
point (5,2,-4) and ⊥ to the line with direction ratios (2,3,-1)
Find the Cartesian equation of the plane [4]
8.
r[(5 − 2t )ɵi + (3 − t ) ɵj + (25 + t )kɵ ] = 15
Find the equation of the plane through the line of intersection of the planes [6]
9.
x +y +z = 1 and 2x + 3y + 4z = 5 which is ⊥ of the plane x-y + z = 0
Find the distance of the point (-1,-5,-10) from the point of intersection of the line [6]
10.
r = (2ɵi − ɵj + 2kɵ ) + λ (3ɵi + 4 ɵj + 2kɵ ) and the plane r.(ɵi − ɵj + kɵ ) = 5

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
Ans1. a = -18, b=12, c= -4

a2+b2+c2 = (-18)2 + (12)2 + (-4)2
= 484
−18 −18 −9
l= = =
484 22 11
12 6
m= =
22 11
−4 −2
n= =
22 11
Ans2.
b1 = ɵi + 2 ɵj + 2kɵ
b 2 = 3ɵi + 2 ɵj + 6kɵ
b1.b 2 19
cos θ = =
b1 b 2 21
Ans3. The equations of the line AB are

x − x1 y − y1 z − z1
= =
x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1
x − 2 y −1 z − 3
= =
5 − 2 0 −1 5 − 3
x − 2 y −1 z − 3
= = (1)
3 −1 2
If A, B, C are collinear, C lies in equation (1)
−4 − 2 3 − 1 −1 − 3
= =
3 −1 2
−2 = −2 = −2
Hence A,B,C are collinear
Ans4. a1 = ɵi + 2 ɵj − 4kɵ
a 2 = 3ɵi + 3 ɵj − 5kɵ
since b1 = b 2
Hence line are parallel

a 2 − a = 2ɵi − ɵj − kɵ
i j k
b × (a 2 − a) = 2 3 6
2 1 −1
b × (a 2 − a1 )
d=
b
−9ɵi + 14 ɵj − 4kɵ
49
293 293
=
49 7
x−0 y−0 z −0
Ans5. = =
2 2 1
x −5 y − 2 z −3
= =
4 1 8
a1 = 2, b1 = 2, c1 = 1
a2 = 4, b2 = 1, c2 = 8
b1.b 2
cos θ =
b1 b 2
2(4) + 2(1) + 1(8)

=
2 + 22 + 1 42 + 12 + 82
2
8+ 2+8
=
9 81
18
=
27
2
=
3
2
θ = cos −1  
3
Ans6. a1 = −ɵi − ɵj − kɵ
a 2 = 3ɵi + 5 ɵj + 7 kɵ
b1 = 7ɵi − 6 ɵj + 1kɵ
b 2 = ɵi − 2 ɵj + kɵ

a 2 − a1 = 4ɵi + 6 ɵj + 8kɵ
ɵi ɵj kɵ
b1 × b 2 = 7 −6 1
1 −2 1
= −4i − 6 j − 8k
b1 × b 2 = (−4)2 + (−6) 2 + (−8) 2
= 116
= 2 29
(a 2 − a1 )(b1 × b2 )
d=
b1 × b 2
−116 11658
= =
2 29 2 29
= 2 29
Ans7. a = 5ɵi + 2 ɵj − 4kɵ

N = 2ɵi + 3 ɵj − kɵ
Vector equation is
( r − a ) .N = 0
[ r − (5ɵi + 2 ɵj − 4kɵ )].(2ɵi + 3 ɵj − kɵ ) = 0
Cartesian equation is
r = xiɵ + y ɵj + zkɵ
[ xiɵ + y ɵj + zkɵ − 5 ɵj − 2 ɵj + 4kɵ ].[2ɵi + 3 ɵj − kɵ ] = 0
(( x − 5)ɵi + ( y − 2) ɵj + ( z + 4)kɵ ).(2ɵi + 3 ɵj − kɵ ) = 0
2( x − 5) + 3( y − 2) − ( z + 4) = 0
2 x − 10 + 3 y − 6 − z − 4 = 0
2 x + 3 y − z = 20
Ans8. r[(5 − 2t )ɵi + (3 − t ) ɵj + (25 + t )kɵ ] = 15

( xiɵ + y ɵj + zkɵ ).[(5 − 2t )ɵi + (3 − t ) ɵj + (25 + t )kɵ ] = 15
(5 − 2t )n + (3 − t ) y + (25 + t )k − z = 15

Ans9. Equations of any plane through the intersection of given planes are be written is
( x + y + z − 1) + λ (2 x + 3 y + 4 z − 5) = 0
(1 + 2λ ) x + (1 + 3λ ) y + (1 + 4λ ) z − 1 − 5λ = 0...(1)
This plane is it right angle to the plane x-y+z=0

(1 + 2λ )(1) + (1 + 3λ )( −1) + (1 + 4λ )(1) = 0
λ = −1/ 3
put λin equation (1)
 2  3  4 5
 1 −  x + 1 −  y +  1 −  Z − 1 + = 0
 3  3  3 3
x−z+2=0
Ans10. r = (2i − j + 2k ) + λ (3i + 4 j + 2k )

x − 2 y +1 z − 2
= = = λ.......(i )
3 4 2
coordinets are
3λ + 2, 4λ − 1, 2λ + 2
and r.(ɵi − ɵj + kɵ ) = 5
( xiɵ + y ɵj + zkɵ ).(ɵi − ɵj + kɵ ) = 5
x − y + z = 5.....(ii )
coordinatelies in eq. (ii )
λ =0
we get (2, −1, 2)
Are the coordinate of the point of intersection of the given line and the plane
( −1, −5, −10) and (2, −1, 2)
req. distance = (2 + 1) 2 + ( −1 + 5) 2 + (2 + 10) 2

= 13

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
Find the direction cosines of the line passing through the two points
1. [1]
(2,4,-5) and (1,2,3).
Find the equation of the plane with intercepts 2,3 and 4 on the x, y and z axis
2. [1]
respectively.
[2]
3. x −3 y + 2 z −5
If the equations of a line AB is = = find the directions ratio of
1 −2 4
line parallel to AB.
[2]
4. Find the distance of a point (2,5,-3) from the plane r.(6ɵi − 3 ɵj + 2kɵ ) = 4
Find the angle b/w the line [2]
5.
x − 2 y −1 z + 3 x+ 2 y −4 z −5
= = and = =
2 5 −3 −1 8 4
Find the shortest distance [4]
6.
r = (iˆ + 2 ˆj + 3kˆ) + λ (iˆ − 3 ˆj + 2kˆ)and r = (4ɵi + 5 ɵj + 6kɵ ) + µ (2ɵi + 3 ɵj + kɵ )
Find the vector equation of a plane which is at a distance of 7 units from the [4]
7.
origin and normal to the vector 3ɵi + 5 ɵj − 6kɵ
8. Find the Cartesian equation of plane r.(ɵi + ɵj − kɵ ) = 2 [4]
Find the equation of the plane that contains the point (1,-1,2) and is ⊥ to each of [6]
9.
the plane 2x+3y-2z=5 and x+2y-3z = 8
10.
Find the vector equation of the line passing through (1,2,3) and to the planes [6]
r.(ɵi − ɵj + 2kɵ ) = 5 and r.(3ɵi + ɵi + kɵ ) = 6

CBSE TEST PAPER-04
Ans1. Let P(-2,4,-5) Q (1,2,3)

PQ = (1 + 2)2 + (2 − 4)2 + (3 + 5)2
= 9 + 4 + 64
= 77
the direction cos ines of theline
Joining two po int is
1+ 2 2 − 4 3 + 4
, ,
77 77 77
3 −2 8
, ,
33 77 77
Ans2. Let the equation of the plane be

x y z
+ + =1
a b c
x y z
+ + =1
2 3 4
6 x + 4 y + 3 z = 12
x −3 y + 2 z −5
Ans3. = = the direction ratios of a line parallel to AB are 1, -2, 4
1 −2 4
Ans4. a = 2ɵi + 5 ɵj − 3kɵ

N = 6ɵi − 3 ɵj + 2kɵ , d = 4
a.N .d
d= [∵ r.N = d
N
(2ɵi + 5 ɵj − 3kɵ ).(6ɵi − 3 ɵj + 2kɵ ) − 4
=
6ɵi − 3 ɵj + 2kɵ
12 − 15 − 6 − 4 13
= =
36 + 9 + 4 7

Ans5. b1 = 2ɵi + 5 ɵj − 3k
b 2 = −ɵi + 8 ˆj + 4kɵ
b1.b 2
cos θ =
b1 b 2
2(−1) + 5(8) + (−3)(4)

=
38 81
26
=
9 38
 26 
θ = cos −1  
 9 38 
Ans6. a1 = ɵi + 2 ɵj + 3kɵ
b1 = ɵi − 3 ɵj + 2kɵ
a 2 = 4ɵi + 5 ɵj + 6kɵ
b 2 = 2ɵi + 3 ɵj + kɵ
a 2 − a1 = 3ɵi + 3 ɵj + 3kɵ
ɵi ɵj kɵ
b1 × b 2 = 1 −3 2
2 3 1
= −9ɵi + 3 ɵj + 9kɵ
(a 2 − a 2 ).(b1 × b 2 )
d=
b1 × b 2
9 3
= =
3 19 19
Ans7. 3ɵi + 5 ɵj − 6kɵ

(n) = 70
n
nɵ =
n
3 ɵ 5 ɵ 6 ɵ
= i+ j− k
70 70 70

r.nɵ = 7
 3 ɵ 5 ɵ 6 ɵ
r.  i+ j− k=7
 70 70 70 
Ans8. r.(ɵi + ɵj − kɵ ) = 2
letr = xiɵ + y ɵj + zkɵ
( xiɵ + yiɵ + zkɵ ).(ɵi + ɵj − kɵ ) = 2
x+ y−z = 2
Ans9. The equation of the plane containing the given point is

A(x-1)+B(y-2)+C(Z-3)= 0….[i]
⇒ Ax + By + Cz = A + 2 B + 3C
Condition of ⊥ to the plane given in (i) with the plane
2x+3y-2z=5, x+2y-3z=8
2A+3B-2C=0
A+2B-3C=0
On solving
A=-5c, B=4C
5x-4y-Z=7
Ans10. line pas sin g through (1, 2,3)

i.e a = ɵi + 2 ɵj + 3kɵ
and to the planes
b1 = ɵi − ɵj + 2kɵ
b 2 = 3ɵi + ɵj + kɵ
∴The line is normal to the vector
ɵi ɵj kɵ
b1 × b 2 = 1 −1 2
3 1 1
= −3ɵi + 5 ɵj + 4kɵ
∴ The req. eq. of the lineis
r = ɵi + 2ɵi + 3kɵ + λ (−3ɵi + 5 ɵj + 4kɵ )

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
1. If the line has direction ratios 2,-1,-2 determine its direction Cosines. [1]
x−5 y +4 z −6
2. The Cartesian equation of a line is = = . Write its vector form [1]
3 7 2
3. 2x −1 4 − y z +1 [2]
Cartesian equation of a line AB is = = write the direction
2 7 2
ratios of a line parallel to AB.
4. x +1 y z − 3 [2]
Find the angle between the line = = and the plane 10x +2y-11z=3
2 3 6
5. Find the value of P so that the lines [4]

1 − x 7 y − 14 z − 3 7 − 7x y − 5 6 − z
= = and = = are at right angles.
3 2p 2 3p 1 5
Find the shortest distance between the lines whose vector equation are [4]
6.
r = (1 − t )ɵi + (t − 2) ɵj + (3 − 2t )kɵ
r = ( s + 1)ɵi + (2 s − 1) ɵj − (2 s + 1)kɵ
7. Find x such that four points A(3,2,1) B(4,x,5)(4,2,-2) and D (6,5,-1)are [4]
coplanar.
8. Find the angle between the two planes 2x +y-2z=5 and 3x -6y -2z = 7using [4]
vector method.
9. Find the equation of the point where the line through the points A(3,4,1) and [6]
B(5,1,6) crosses the XY plane.
10. Prove that if a plane has the intercepts a,b,c is at a distance of p units from [6]
the origin then
1 1 1 1
2
+ 2+ 2 = 2
a b c p

CBSE TEST PAPER-05
2 −1 −2 2 −1 −2
Ans1. , , = , ,
(2) + (−1) + (−2)
2 2 2
(2) + (−1) + (−2)
2 2 2
(2) + (−1) + (−2)
2 2 2 3 3 3
Ans2. r = a + λb
a = 5ɵi − 4 ɵj + 6kɵ
b = 3ɵi + 7 ɵj + 2kɵ
r = (5ɵi − 4 ɵj + 6kɵ ) + λ (3ɵi + 7 ɵj + 2kɵ )
Ans3. Given equation of a line can be written is

1
x−
2 = y − 4 = z +1
1 −7 2
The direction ratios of a line parallel to AB are 1, -7, 2.
Ans4. r = (−ɵi + o.ɵj + 3kɵ ) + λ (2ɵi + 3 ɵj + 6kɵ )

and r.(10ɵi + 2 ɵj − 11kɵ ) = 3
here b = 2ɵi + 3 ɵj + 6kɵ
and n = 10ɵi + 2 ɵj − 11kɵ
b.n
sin φ =
b n
20 + 6 − 66 −40 8
= = =
7 ×15 7 ×15 21
x −1 y − 2 z − 3
Ans5. = = .....(i )
−3 2p 3
7
−( x − 1) y − 5 z − 6
= = .....(ii )
−3 p 1 −5
7
2p
a1 = −3, b1 = , c1 = 2
7

−3 p
a2 = , b2 = 1, c2 = −5
7
for ⊥
a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c 2 = 0
 −3 p  2 p
−3  + (1) + 2(−5) = 0
 7  7
9 p 2 p 10
+ − =0
7 7 1
9 p + 2 p − 70
=0
7
11 p = 70
70
p=
11
Ans6. r = ɵi − 2 ɵj + 3kɵ + t (ɵi + ɵj − 2kɵ )

r = ɵi − ɵj − kɵ + s (ɵi + 2 ɵj − 2kɵ )
a1 = ɵi − 2 ɵj + 3kɵ
b1 = ɵi + ɵj − 2kɵ
a 2 = ɵi − ɵj − kɵ
bɵ 2 = ɵi + 2 ɵj − 2kɵ
a 2 − a1 = ɵj − 4kɵ
ɵi ɵj kɵ
b1 × b 2 = −1 1 −2
1 2 −2
= 2ɵi − 4 ɵj − 3kɵ
b1 × b 2 = (2) 2 + (−4) 2 + (−3) 2
= 29
(a 2 − a1 ) (b1 × b 2 ) 8
d= =
ɵ
b1× b 2 29
Ans7. The equation of plane through

A(3,2,1), C(4,2,-2) and D (6,5,-1) is

x − x1 y − y1 z − z1
x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1 = 0
x3 − x1 y3 − y1 z3 − z1
x − 3 y − 2 z −1
4 − 3 2 − 2 −2 − 1 = 0
6−3 5−2 −1 − 1
9 x − 7 y + 3 z − 16 = 0...(i )
The point A,B,C,D are coplanar

9 × 4 − 7 x + 3 × 5 − 16 = 0
x=5
Ans8. N 1 = 2ɵi + ɵj − 2kɵ

N 2 = 3ɵi − 6 ɵj − 2kɵ
N 1.N 2
cos θ =
N1 N 2
(2ɵi + ɵj − 2kɵ ).(3ɵi − 6 ɵj − 2kɵ

=
4 + 1 + 4 9 + 36 + 4
4
21
 4
θ = cos −1  
 21 
Ans9. The vector equation of the line through the point A and B is
r = 3ɵi + 4 ɵj + k + λ[(5 − 3)ɵi + (1 − 4) ɵj + (6 − 1)kɵ ]
r = 3ɵi + 4 ɵj + kɵ + λ (2ɵi − 3 ɵj + 5kɵ )....(i )
Let P be the point where the line AB crosses the XY plane. Then the position
vector r of the point P is the form
xiɵ + y ɵj
xiɵ + yiɵ = (3 + 2λ )ɵi + (4 − 3λ ) ɵj + (1 + 5λ )kɵ
x = 3 + 2λ y = 4 − 3λ
x = 13 , y = 23
5 5
 13 23 
req. po int is  , , 0 
5 5 

x y z
Ans10. The equation of the plane in the intercepts from is + + = 1 distance of this
a b c
plane from the origin is given to be p.
1 1 1
.0 + .0 + .0 − 1
a b c
p=
2 2 2
 1 1 1
+
      +
a b c
1 1 1
p= + +
a2 b2 c2
1 1 1 1
⇒ 2 = 2+ 2+ 2
p a b c

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-12 Linear Programming
1. Reshma wishes to mix two types of food P and Q in such a way that the vitamin contents of [6]
the mixture contain at least 8 units of vitamin A and 11 units of vitamin B. food P costs Rs
60/kg and Food Q costs Rs 80/kg. Food P contains 3 units/kg of Vitamin A and 5 units/kg
of Vitamin B while food Q contains 4 units/kg of Vitamin A and 2 units/kg of vitamin B.
Determine the minimum cost of the mixture.
2. One kind of cake requires 200g of flour and 25g of fat, and another kind of cake requires [6]
100g of flour and 50g of fat. Find the maximum number of cakes which can be made from
5kg of flour and 1kg of fat assuming that there is no shortage of the other ingredients used
in making the cakes.
3. A factory makes tennis rackets and cricket bats. A tennis racket takes 1.5 hours of machine [6]
time and 3 hours of craftman’s time in its making while a cricket bat takes 3 hour of
machine time an 1 hour of craftman’s time. In a day, the factory has the availability of not
more than 42 hours of machine time and 24 hours of craftsman’s time.
(i) What number of rackets and bats must be made if the factory is t work at full capacity?
(ii) If the profit on a racket and on a bat is Rs 20 and Rs 10 respectively, find the maximum
profit of the factory when it works at full capacity.
4. A manufacturer produces nuts and bolts. It takes 1 hours of work on machine A and 3 hours [6]
on machine B to produce a package of nuts and bolts. He earns a profit of Rs 17.50 per
package on nuts and Rs 7.00 per package on bolts. How many package of each should be
produced each day so as to maximise his profit, if he operates his machines for at the most
12 hours a day?
5. A factory manufactures two types of screws, A and B. Each type of screw requires the use [6]
of two machines, an automatic and a hand operated. It takes 4 minutes on the automatic and
6 minutes on hand operated machines to manufacture a package screws A, while it takes 6
minutes on automatic and 3 minutes and on the hand operated machines to manufacture a
package of screws B. Each machine is available for at the most 4 hours on any day. The
manufacturer can sell a package of screws A at a profit of Rs 7 and screws B at a profit of
Rs 10. Assuming that he can sell all the screws he manufactures, how many package of
each type should the factory owner produce in a day in order to maximise his profit?

Determine the maximum profit.
6. A cottage industry manufactures pedestal lamps and wooden shades, each requiring the use [6]
of a grinding/cutting machine and a sprayer. It takes 2 hours on grinding/cutting machine
and 3 hours on the sprayer to manufacture a pedestal lamp. It takes 1 hour on the
grinding/cutting machine and 2 hour on the sprayer to manufacture a shade. On any day, the
sprayer is available for at the most 20 hours and the grinding/cutting machine for at the
most 12 hours. The profit form the sale of a lamp is Rs 5 and that from a shade is Rs 3.
Assuming that the manufacturer can sell all the lamps and shades that he produces, how
should he schedule his daily production in order to maximise his profit?
7. A company manufactures two types of novelty souvenirs made of plywood. Souvenirs of [6]
type A require 5 minutes each for cutting and 10 minutes each for assembling. Souvenirs of
type B require 8 minutes each for cutting and 8 minutes each for assembling. There are 3
hours 20 minutes available for cutting and 4 hours for assembling. The profit is Rs 5 each
for type A and Rs 6 each for type B souvenirs. How may souvenirs of each type should the
company manufacture in order to maximise the profit?
8. A merchant plans to sell two types of personal computers – a desktop model and a portable [6]
model that will cost Rs 25000 and Rs 40000 respectively. He estimates that the total
monthly demand of computers will not exceed 250 units. Determine the number of units of
each type of computers which the merchant should stock to get maximum profit if he does
not want to invest more than Rs 70 lakhs and if his profit on the desktop model is Rs 4500
and on portable model is Rs 5000.
9. A diet is to contain at least 80 units of vitamin A and 100 units of minerals. Two foods F1 [6]
and F2 are available. Food F1 costs Rs 4 per unit food and F2 costs Rs 6 per unit. On unit of
food F1 contains 3 units of vitamin A and 4 units of minerals. One unit of food F2 contains 6
units of vitamin A and 3 units of minerals. Formulate this as linear programming problem.
Find the minimum cost for diet that consists of mixture of these two foods and also meets
the minimal nutritional requirements.
10. There are two types of fertilizers F1 and F2. F1 consists of 10% nitrogen and 6% phosphoric [6]
acid and F2 consists of 5% nitrogen and 10% phosphoric acid. After testing the soil
conditions, a farmer finds that she needs atleast 14kg of nitrogen and 14kg of phosphoric
acid for her crop. If F1 costs Rs 6/kg and F2 costs Rs 5/kg, determine requirements are met
at a minimum cost. What is the minimum cost?

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-12 Linear Programming [ANSWERS]
Ans 01. Let food P consist of x Kg and food Q consists of Y Kg.

Z = 60x + 80y
3x + 4y ≥ 8
5x + 2y ≥ 11
x≥0
y≥0
Hence, Cost is minimum = Rs 160
1
When x = 2, y =
2
Ans 02. Let x be number of cakes of first kind and y the number of cakes of other kind.
Z=x+y
200x + 100y ≤ 5000
⇒ 2x + y ≤ 50
25x + 50y ≤ 1000
⇒ x + 2y ≤ 40
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
Maximum number of cakes
Z = 30
When x = 20, y = 10.
Ans 03. Let the number of cricket and the number of cricket bats to be made in a day be x
and y respectively.
Z=x+y
and also P = 20x + 10y
3
x + 3 y ≤ 42
2
⇒ x + 2 y ≤ 28
3 x + y ≤ 24
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
(i) Maximum Z = 16 at x = 4 y = 12
(ii) P = 20×4 +10×12
= 200

Ans 04. Let the manufacture produce x nuts and y bolts
Z = 17.50x + 7y
x + 3y ≤ 12
3x + y ≤ 12
X1 y ≥ 0
Maximum profit
Z = Rs 73. 50 at
X = 3, y = 3
Ans 05. Let the manufacturer produce x packages of screw A and y packages Screw B.
Z = 7x +10y
4x + 6y ≤ 240
⇒ 2 x + 3 y ≤ 120
6 x + 3 y ≤ 240
⇒ 2 x + y ≤ 80
x≥0,y ≥0
profit is maximum = 410
When 30 packages of screw A and 20 package
of screw B.
Ans 06. Let x be pedestal lamps and y wooden shades

Z = 5x + 3y
2x + y ≤ 12
3x + 2y ≤ 20
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
profit maximum
when 4 pedestal lamps
4 wooden shades
Ans 07. Let x souvenirs of type A and y souvenirs of type B

Z = 5x + 6y
5x + 8y ≤ 200
10x + 8y ≤ 240
⇒ 5x + 4y ≤ 120
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
Maximum profit is Rs 160
When 8 souvenirs of Type A and 20 souvenirs
of type B.

Ans 08. Let the merchant stock x desktop computers and y portable computer.
Z = 4500x + 5000y
x + y ≤250
25000x + 40000y ≤ 700000
⇒ 5x + 8y ≤ 1400
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
Profit is maximum = 1150000
When 250 desktop computers and 50
portable computers are stocked.
Ans 09. Let the diet contain x unit of food F1 and y units of food F2.
Z = 4x +6y
3x + 6y ≥ 80
4x + 3y ≥ 100
X ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
Z is minimum when 24 units of food F1 and

4
unit of food F2 are mixed minimum cost =
3
104 .
Ans 10. Let the farmer use x Kg of F1 and y Kg of F2.

Z = 6x + 5y
10 x 5 y
+ ≥ 14
100 100
6 x 10 y
+ ≥ 14
100 100
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
Minimum cost
Z = 100
at x = 100
y = 80

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
CH-12 Linear Programming
1. Two tailors A and B earn Rs 150 and Rs 200 per day respectively. A can stitch 6 [6]
shirts and 4 pants per day while B can stich 10 shirts and 4 Pants per day. How many
days each work if it is desired to produce at least 60 shirts and 32 pants at a
minimum labour cast?
2. A farmer mixes two brands p and Q of cattle feed. Brand P, costing Rs 250 per bag, [6]
contains 3 units of nutritional elements A, 2.5 units of element B and 2 units of element
C. Brand Q costing Rs 200 per bag contains 1.5 units of nutritional element A, 11.25 units
of element B and 3 units of element C. The minimum requirements of nutrients A, B and
C are 18 units, 45 units and 24 units respectively. Determine the number of bags of each
brand which should be mixed in order to produce a mixture having a minimum cost per
bag? What is the minimum cost of the mixture per bag?
3. A dietician wishes to mix together two kinds of food X and Y in such a way that the [6]
mixture contains at least 10 units of vitamin A, 12 units of vitamin B and 8 units of
vitamin C. The vitamin contents of one kg food are given below. Find the minimum cost
if x cost Rs.16/- per Kg and y cost Rs.20/- per Kg.
Food Vitamin A Vitamin B Vitamin C
X 1 2 3
Y 2 2 1
4. A manufacture makes tow types of toys A and B. three machines are needs for this [6]
purpose and the time (in minutes) required for each toy on the machines is given below:
Machines
Types of Toys I II III
A 12 18 6
B 6 0 9
Each machine is available for a maximum of 6 hours per day. If the profit on each toy on
of type A is Rs 7.50 and that on each toy of type B is Rs 5, show that 15 toys of type A
and 30 of type B should be manufacture in a day to get maximum profit.

5. An aeroplane can carry a maximum of 200 passengers. A profit of Rs 1000 is made on [6]
each executive class ticket and a profit of Rs 600 is made on each economy class ticket.
The airline reserves at least 20 seats for executive class. However, at least 4 times as
many passengers prefer to travel by economy class than by the executive class. Determine
how many tickets of each type must be sold in order to maximise the profit for the airline.
What is the maximum profit?
6. Two godowns A and B have grain capacity of 100 quintals and 50 quintals respectively. [6]
They supply to 3 ration shops, D, E and F whose requirements are 60, 50 and 40 quintals
respectively. The cost of transportation per quintal from the godowns to the shops are
given in the following table:
Transportation cost per quintal (in Rs)
From/To A B
D 6 4
E 3 2
F 2.50 3
How should be the supplies be transported in order that the transportation cost is minimum?
What is the minimum cost?
7. An oil company has two depots A and B with capacities of 7000 L and 4000 L respectively. [6]
The company is to supply oil to three petrol pumps, D, E and F whose requirements are 4500L,
3000L and 3500L respectively. The distances (in km) between the depots and the petrol pumps
is given in the following table:
Transportation cost per quintal (in Rs)
From/To A B
D 6 4
E 3 2
F 2.50 3
Assuming that the transportation cost of 10 litres of oil Rs 1 per km, how should the delivery be
scheduled in order that the transportation cost is minimum? What is the minimum cost?

8. A fruit grower can use two types of fertilizer in his garden, brand P and Q. The amounts (in kg) [6]
of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potash, and chlorine in a bag of each brad are given in the table.
Testes indicate that the garden needs at least 240 kg of phosphoric acid, at least 270 kg of
potash and at most 310 kg of chlorine.
If the grower wants to minimize the amount of nitrogen added to the garden, how many bags of
each brand should be used? What is the minimum amount of nitrogen added in the garden?
Kg per bag
Brand P Brand Q
Nitrogen 3 3.5
Phosphoric acid 1 2
Potash 3 1.5
Chlorine 1.5 2
9. Anil wants to invest at most Rs 12,000 in bonds A and B. According to the rules he [6]
has to invest at least Rs 2000 in bond A and at least Rs 4000 in bond B. If the rate of
interest on bond A is 8% per annum and on bond B, it is 10% per annum, how should
be invest the money for maximum interest.
10. A toy company manufactures two types of dolls. A and B market tests and available resources [6]
have indicated that the combined production level should not exceed 1200 dolls per week and
the demand for dolls of type B is at most half of that for dolls of type A. Further, the
production level of dolls of type A can exceed three times the production of dolls of other type
by at most 600 units. If the company makes profit of Rs 12 and Rs 16 per doll respectively on
dolls A and B, how many of each should be produced weekly in order to maximise the profit?

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
CH-12 Linear Programming [ANSWERS]
Ans 01. Let the two tailors work for x days and y days respectively
Z = 150x + 200y
6x + 10y ≥ 60
⇒ 3 x + 5 y ≥ 30
4 x + 4 y ≥ 32
⇒ x + y ≥ 8 and x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
Z is minimum = 1350
When A work for 5 days B work for 3 days
Ans 02. Let P = x

Q=y
Z = 250x + 200y
3x + 1.5y ≥ 18
2.5x + 11.25y ≥ 45
2x + 3y ≥ 24
x ≥0, y ≥ 0
Z = Rs 1950
When x = 3 y = 6
Number of bags of brand P = 3 bags of brand Q = 6
Ans 03. Let the dietician mix x Kg of food X and y Kg of food Y.

Z = 16x + 20y
x + 2y ≥ 10
2x + 2y ≥12
⇒ x+ y≥6
3x + y ≥ 8
Cost is minimum = 112 When 2 Kg of food X and 4 Kg of food Y are mixed.
Ans 04. Let x toys of type A and y toys of type B

15
Z= x + 5y
2
12 x + 6 y ≤ 360
⇒ 2 x + y ≤ 60
18 x ≤ 360
⇒ x ≤ 20
6 x + 9 y ≤ 360

⇒ 2 x + 3 y ≤ 120
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
profit is maximum = 262.5 at A = 15 B = 30
Ans 05. X passengers travel by executive class and y passengers travel by economy class. L
Z = 1000x + 600y
x + y ≤ 200
x ≥ 20
y ≥ 80
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
profit is maximum = 168000
When x = 120, y = 80
5 3
Ans 06. Z= x + y + 410 100
2 2 A
100-
(x+y
)
60 − x ≥ 0 X
Y
50 − y ≥ 0
40
100 − ( x + y ) ≥ 0 D E F
60 50
x + y − 60 ≥ 0
60
50-y
x, y ≥ 0 60
y-
-x
x+
B 50
minimum = 510
when D → 10
E → 50
F → 40
3x y
Ans 07. Z= + + 3950 A 7000 L
10 10 70
X 00
4500 − x ≥ 0
- (
Y x+
y)
3000
3000 − y ≥ 0 D E F
3500
x + y − 3500 ≥ 0 4500
0
3 0 0 0-y
0
5
7000 − ( x + y ) ≥ 0
-3
4
y
5
+
0
x
0
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
-x
B
4000 L
Minimum = 4400

Ans 08. Let the fruit grower mix x bags of brand P and Y bags of brand Q
7
Z = 3x + y
2
x + 2 y ≥ 240
3
3x + y ≥ 270
2
3
x + 2 y ≤ 310
2
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
minimum = 470 Kg
P = 40
Q = 100
Amount of Nitrogen =3 × 40 + 3 × 100=120 + 150 = 270
Ans 09. Let Anil invest x in bond A and Y in bond B,

8 x 10 y
P= +
100 100
x + y ≤ 12000
x ≥ 2000
y ≥ 4000
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
P is maximum = 1160
x = 2000
y = 10,000
Ans 10. X dolls of type A and y dolls of type B.

Z = 12x + 16y
X + y ≤ 1200
x
y≤
2
x ≤ 3 y + 600
Profit is maximum = 16000
A = 800
B = 400

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-13 Probability
1. In a school there are 1000 students, out of which 430 are girls. It is known that out [1]
of 430, 10% of the girls study in class XII. What is the probability that a student
chosen randomly studies in class XII given that the chosen student is a girl?
2. A die thrown three times. Events A and B are defined as below. [1]
A : 4 on the third throw
B : 6 on the first and 5 on the second throw.
Find the probability of A given that B has already occurred.
3. Mother, father and son line up at random for a family picture [1]
E : Son on one end
F : Father in middle
Find (E |F)
4. An instructor has a question bank consisting of 300 easy True / False [2]
questions, 200 difficult True / False questions, 500 easy multiple choice
questions and 400 difficult multiple choice questions. If a question is selected
at random from the question bank, what is the probability that it will be an
easy question given that it is a multiple choice question?
5. If A and B are two independent events, then the probability of occurrence of [2]
at least one of A and B is given by 1 – P ( A′ ) P ( B′ ).
6. A – Box of oranges is inspected by examining three randomly selected [4]

oranges drown without replacement. It all the three oranges are good, the
box is approved for sale, other wise, it is rejected. Find the probability that a
box containing 15 oranges out of which 12 are good and 3 are bad ones will
be approve for sale.
7. A fair coin and an unbiased die are tossed. Let A be the event head appear on [4]
the coin and B be the event 3 on the die.
Check weather A and B are independent events or not.

8. 1 [4]
Probability of solving specific problem independently by A and B are and
2
1
respectively of both try to solve the problem independently, find the
3
probability that
(i) the problem is solved
(ii) Exactly one of them solves the problem.
9. Three cards are drawn successively, without replacement from a pack of 52 [4]
well shuffled cards. What is the probability that first two cards are kings and
the third card drawn is ace.
10. In a hostel 60% of the students read Hindi news paper, 40% read English [6]
news paper and 20% read both Hindi and English news papers. A student is
selected et random.
(a) Find the probability that she read neither Hindi nor English news papers.
(b) If the reads Hindi news paper, find the probability that she reads English
news paper.
(c) If she reads English news papers, find the probability that she reads Hindi
news paper.

CBSE TEST PAPER-01
CH-13 Probability {answers}
Ans 01. Let E, student chosen randomly studies in class XII, F randomly chosen student is girl.
P (E|F) = ?
430
P( F ) = = 0.43
1000
43
P( E ∩ F ) = = 0.043
1000
P(E ∩ F )
P( E / F ) =
P(F )
0.043
= = 0.1
0.43
Ans 02. Total sample space = 216
 (1,1, 4 )
(1, 2, 4 ) .... (1, 6, 4 ) ( 2,1, 4 ) ( 2, 2, 4 ) .... ( 2, 6, 4 ) 

( 3, 2, 4 ) .... ( 3.6, 4 ) ( 4,1, 4 ) ( 4, 2, 4 ) .... ( 4, 6, 4 ) 
A =  ( 3,1, 4 )
( 5,1, 4 )
( 5, 2, 4 ) .... ( 5, 6, 4 ) ( 6,1, 4 ) ( 6, 2, 4 ) .... ( 6, 6, 4 )
B = {( 6,5,1)( 6,5, 2 ) ( 6, 5,3) ( 6,5, 4 ) ( 6,5,5 ) ( 6,5, 6 )}
A ∩ B = {6,5, 4}
6 1
P ( B) = , P (A ∩ B) =
216 216
1
P (A ∩ B) 1
P (A/B) = = 216 =
P (B) 6 6
216
Ans 03.
S = {mfs, msf , fms, fsm, smf , sfm}
E = {mfs, fms, smf, sfm}
F = {mfs, sfm}
E ∩ F = {mfs, sfm}
2
P (E ∩ F)
P (E / F ) = = 6 =1
P (F) 2
6

Ans 04. let E : easy question
F: multiple choice question
total questions = 300 + 200 + 500 + 400 = 1400
500 + 400 9
P (F) =
1400 14
500 5
P (E ∩ F) = =
1400 14
P (E ∩ F)
P (E/F) =
P (F)
5
= 14
9
14
5
=
9
Ans 05. P (at least one of A and B) = P (A∪B)

= P (A) + P (B) – P (A∩B)
= P (A) + P (B) – P (A). P (B)
= P (A) + P (B) [1 – P (A)]
= P (A) + P (B) P ( A′ )
= 1 – P ( A′ ) + P (B) P ( A′ )
= 1 – P ( A′ ) [1 – P (B)]
= 1 – P ( A′ ) P (( B′ ))
Ans 06. required

12 11 10
probability = × ×
15 14 13
44
=
91
( H ,1) ( H , 2 ) ( H ,3) ( H , 4 ) ( H , 5 ) ( H , 6 ) 

Ans 07. S=  
( T ,1) (T , 2 ) ( T ,3) (T , 4 ) (T , 5 ) (T , 6 ) 
A : Head appear on the coin
B : 3 appear on the lice

A= {( H 1) , ( H 2 ) , ( H 3) , ( H 4) , ( H 5) , ( H 6)}
B = {( H ,3) , (T ,3)}
A ∩ B = {( H ,3)}
6 1 2 1
P (A) = = , P ( B) = =
12 2 12 6
1
P (A ∩ B) =
12
1 1
P (A) × P (B) = ×
2 6
1
=
16
= P ( A ∩ B)
Hence A and B are independent
Ans 08. E1 : A solves the problem

E2 : B solves the problem
1 1
P (E1) = and P (E2) =
2 3
(i) P (the problem is solved)
= 1 – P (the problem is not solved)
 1   1 
= 1 − P 1 −  1 −  
 2   3 
1 2
= 1− =
3 3
(ii) P Exactly one of their solves the problem
= P(E1 ) (1 − P ( E2 ) ) + P (E 2 ) (1 − P( E1 ) )
1  1 1  1 1
= 1 −  + 1 −  =
2  3 3  2 2
Ans 09. By multiplication theorem

4 3 4
prob = × ×
52 51 50
2
=
5525

Ans 10. E : Student read Hindi newspaper
F : Student read English newspaper
60 3 40 2
P (E) = = , P (F) = =
100 5 100 5
20 1
P (E ∩ F) = =
100 5
(i ) P (E ∪ F)′ = 1- P (E ∪ F)
= 1- ( P (E) + P (F) - P (E ∩ F) )
1
=
5
P( E ∩ F )
(ii ) P (F/E) =
P( E )
1
1
= 5 =
3 3
5
P( E ∩ F )
(iii ) P (E/F) =
P( F )
1
1
= 5 =
2 2
5

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
CH-13 Probability
1. Given three identical boxes I, II and III each containing two coins. In box-I both [6]
coins are gold coins, in box-II, both are silver coins and in the box-III, there is one
gold and one silver coin. A person chooses a box at random and takes out a coin. If
the coin is of gold, what is the probability that the other coin in the box is also of
gold.
2. Suppose that the reliability of a HIV test is specified as follows of people having [6]
HIV, 90% of the test detect the disease but 10% go undetected of people free of
HIV, 99% of the test are Judged HIV – tive but 1% are diagnosed as showing HIV
+tive. From a large population of which only 0.1% have HIV, one person is selected
at random, given the HIV test, and the pathologist reports him/her is HIV +tive
what is the probability that the person actually has HIV.
3. In a factory which manufactures bolts, machines. A, B and C manufacture [6]

respectively 25%, 35% and 40% of the bolts. Of their output 5,4 and 2 percent
are respectively defective bolts. A bolt is drown at random from the product
and is found to be defective. What is the probability that it is manufactured by
the machine B.
4. A doctor is to visit a patient. From the past experience, it is known that the [6]
probabilities that he will come by train, bus, scooter or by other mean of
3 1 1 2
transport are respectively , , and . The probabilities that he will be
10 5 10 5
1 1 1
late are , , and if he comes by train, bus and scooter respectively, but he
4 3 12
comes by other means of transport, that he will not the late. When he arrives he
is late. What is the probability that he comes by train.
5. A man is known to speak truth 3 out of 4 times. He throws a die and reports [6]
that it is a six. Find the probability that it is actually a six.

6. In answering a question on a multiple choice test a student either knows the [6]
3
answer or guesses Let be the probability that he knows the answer and ¼ be
4
the probability he guesses. Assuming that a student who guesses at the answer
1
will be correct with probability . What is the probability that the student
4
knows the answer given that he answered it correctly.
7. A laboratory blood test is 99% effective in detecting a certain disease when it is [6]
in fact, present. However, the test also yields a false positive result for 0.5% of
the healthy person tested (i. e if a healthy person is test then with probability
0.005 the test will imply he has the disease) If 0.1 percent of the population
actually has the disease, what is the probability that a person has the disease
given that his test result is positive.
8. An insurance company insured 2000 scooter drivers, 4000, car drivers and [6]
6000 truck drivers. The probability of accidents is 0.01, 0.03 and 0.15
respectively. One of the insured persons meet with an accident what is the
probability that he is scooter driver.
9. A card from a pack of 52 cards is lost. From the remaining cards of the pack, [6]
two cards are drawn and are found to be both diamonds. Find the probability
of the lost card being a diamond.
10. Suppose a girl throws a die. If she gets a 5 or 6, she tosses a coin three times [6]
and notes the number of heads. If she gets 1, 2, 3, 4, she tosses a coin once and
notes whether a head or tail is obtained. If she obtained exactly one had, what
is the probability that she threw 1, 2, 3 or 4 with the die?

CBSE TEST PAPER-02
CH-13 Probability {answers}
Ans 01. let E1, E2 and E3 be the events that boxes I, II and III are chosen.
1
P (E1) = P (E2) = P (E3) =
3
let A be the event the coin drawn is of gold.
2
p (A|E1 ) = =1
2
P (A|E 2 ) = 0
1
P (A|E3 ) =
2
P (E1 ) P (A|E1 )
P (E1|A) =
P (E1 ) P (A|E1 ) + P (E 2 ) P (A|E 2 ) + P (E3 ) P (A|E 3 )
2
=
3
Ans 02. let E denote the event that the person selected is actually having HIV and A the event
that the person’s HIV test is diagnosed as + tive.
let E ′ not having HIV.
0.1
P (E) = 0.1% = = 0.001
150
P (E′) = 1 - P (E) = 0.999
90
P (A|E) = 90% = = 0.9
100
1
P (A|E′) = 1% = = 0.01
100
P (E) P (A|E)
P (E|A) =
P (E) P (A|E) + P (E′) P (A|E′)
= 0.083
Ans 03. let B1 = bolt is manufactures by A
B2 = bolt is manufactured by B
B3 = bolt is manufactured by C
let E bolt is defective

P (B1) = 25% = 0.25
P (B2) = 0.35
P (B3) = 0.40
P ( E|B1) = 5% = 0.05
P (E|B2) = 0.04
P (E|B3) = 0.02
P (B2 ) P (E|B2 )
P (B2 |E) =
P (B1 ) P (E|B1 ) + P (B2 ) (P E|B2 ) + P (B3 ) P (E|B3 )
28
=
69
Ans 04. let E be the event that the doctor visits the patient late and let T1, T2, T3, T4, be the
event that the doctor comes by train, bus, scooter and other means of Transport
respectively.
3 1 1 2
P (T1 ) = , P (T2 ) = , P (T3 ) =
, P (T4 ) =
10 5 10 5
1 1 1
P (E|T1 ) = , P (E|T2 ) = , P (E|T3 ) = , P (E|T4 ) = 0
4 3 12
P (T1 ) P (E|T1 )
P (T1|E) =
P (T1 ) P (E|T1 ) + P (T2 )P ((E|T2 ) + P (T3 ) P (E|T3 ) + P (T4 ) P (E|T4 )
1
=
2
Ans 05. let E be the event that the man reports that six occurs in the throwing of the dice and let
S1 be the event that six occurs and S2 be the event six does not occur.
P (S1 ) = 1 P (S2 ) = 5
6 6
3 3 1
P (E|S1 ) = , P (E|S2 ) = 1 - =
4 4 4
P (S1 ) P(E|S2 )
P (S1|E) =
P (S1 ) P (E|S1 ) + P (S2 ) P (E|S2 )
3
=
8
Ans 06. E1 : the student knows the answer
E2 : the student guesses the answer
A the answer is correct
1
P (A/E1) = 1, P (A/E2) =
4

P ( E1 ) P ( A / E1 )
P ( E1 / A) =
P ( E1 ) P ( A / E1 ) + P ( E2 ) P ( A / E2 )
3
1×
4 12
= =
3 1 1 13
1× + ×
4 4 4
Ans 07. E1 : the person has the disease

E2 : the person is healthy
A : test is positive
1 1 9
P (E1) = 0.1 , P (E 2 ) = 1- =
10 10 10
99
, P (A/E 2 ) = 0.005
P (A/E1) = 100
5
=
1000
P (E1 ) P (A/E1 )
P (E1 /A) =
P (E1 ) P (A/E1 ) + P (E 2 ) P (A/E 2 )
99 1
×
= 100 10
99 1 5 9
× + ×
100 10 1000 10
22
=
23
Ans 08. E1 : Insured person is a scooter driver

E2 : Insured person is a car driver
E3 : Insured person is a truck driver
2000 2000 1
P (E1 ) = = =
2000 + 4000 + 6000 12000 6
1
P (E 2 ) =
3
1
P (E3 ) =
2

let A Insured person meets with an accident
1
P (A/E1 ) = 0.01 =
100
3
P (A/E 2 ) = 0.03 =
100
15
P (A/E 3 ) = 0.15 =
100
P (E1 ) P (A/E 2 )
P (E1 /A) =
P (E1 ) P (A/E1 ) + P (E 2 ) P (A/E 2 ) + P (E 3 ) P (A/E 3 )
1
=
52
Ans 09. E1 : lost card is diamond

E2 : lost card is not diamond
let A : two cards drawn from the remaining pack are diamonds.
13 1 39 3
P (E1 ) = = , P(E 2 ) = =
52 4 52 4
12C2 12 ×11
P (A/E1 ) = =
51C2 51× 50
13C2 13 ×12
P (A/E 2 ) = =
51C2 51× 50
P (E1 ) P (A/E1 )
P (E1 /A) =
P (E1 ) P (A/E1 ) + P (E 2 ) P (A/E 2 )
11
=
50
Ans 10. E1 : 1, 2, 3, 4 is shown on dice

E2 : 5 or 6 is shown on dice
4 2 2 1
P (E1) = = , P (E 2 ) = =
6 3 6 3
let A exactly one head shown up

1 3
P (A/E1 ) = , P (A/E 2 ) =
2 8
P (E1 ) P (A/E1 ) 8
P (E1 /A) = =
P (E1 ) P (A/E1 ) + P (E 2 ) P (A/E 2 ) 11

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
CH-13 Probability
1. Find the probability distribution of number of doublets in three throws of a pair of [2]
dice.
2. Let X denote the no of hours you study during a randomly selectee school day. The [4]
probability that X can take the values x, has the following form where K is some
unknown constant
 0.1 if x = 0
 kx if x = 1, or 2

p ( χ = x) = 
K (5 - x) if x = 3 or 4
 0, otherwise
(a) Find the value of K
(b) What is the probability that you study at least two hours.
Exactly two hours? At most 2 hr.
3. Find the variance of the number obtained on a throw of an unbiased die. [4]
4. Two cards are drawn simultaneously (or successively without replacement) for a [6]
well shuffled of 52 cards. Find the mean, variance and standard deviation of the
number of kings.
5. From a lot of 30 bulbs which include 6 defectives, a sample of 4 bulbs is drawn at [6]
random with replacement. Find the probability distribution of the number of
defective bulbs.
6. In a meeting 70% of the members favour and 30% oppose a certain proposal. A [6]
member is selected at random and we take x = 0 if he opposed and x = 1 if he is in
favour. Find E (x) and var (x).
7. A and B throw a die alternatively till one of them gets a ‘6’ and win the game. Find [6]
their respective probabilities of winning if A starts first.
8.  1 [6]
Find the mean of the Binomial distribution B  4, 
 3
9. If a leap year is selected at random, what is the chance that it will contain 53 [2]
Tuesdays?
10. Bag I contain 3 red and 4 black balls and bag II contain 4 red and 5 black balls. One [6]
ball is transferred from Bag I to Bag II and then a ball is drawn from Bag II. The ball
so drawn is fund to be red in colour. Find the probability that the transferee ball is
black.

CBSE TEST PAPER-03
CLASS - XII MATHEMATICS (Probability)
Topic: - Probability [ANSWERS]
Ans 01. Let x denote the number of doublets x = 0, 1, 2, 3

6 1
Probability of getting doublet = =
36 6
1 5
Probability of not getting doublet = 1 − =
6 6
X 0 1 2 3
P (x) 125 75 15 1
216 216 216 216
Ans 02. The probability distribution of x is

x 0 1 2 3 4
P (x) 0.1 k 2k 2k k
n
(a) ∑ pi = 1
i=1
0.1 + K + 2K + 2K + K = 1
K = 0.15
(b) p (study atleast two hr) = p (x ≥ 2)
= 2K + 2K + K
= 5K
= 5 × 0.15
= 0.75
p (Study exactly two hr) = p (x = 2)
= 2K
= 2 × 0.15
= 0.3
p (Study et most two hr) = p (x ≤ 2)
= 0.1 + K + 2K
= 0.55

Ans 03. S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
1
p (1) = p (2) = p (3) = p (4) = p (5) =p (6) =
6
x 1 2 3 4 5 6
P (x) 1 1 1 1 1 1
6 6 6 6 6 6
1 1 1 1 1 1 21
∑ (x) = 1× + 2 × + 3× + 4 × + 5 × + 6 × =
6 6+ 6 6 6 6 6
1 1 1 1 1 1 91
E (x 2 ) = 12 × + 22 × + 32 × + 4 2 × + 52 + 6 2 =
6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Var ( x ) = E ( x 2 ) - ( ∑ (x) )
2
2
91  21 
= − 
6  6 
91 441
= −
6 36
35
=
12
Ans 04. Let x denote the number of kings in a draw of two cards.
48C2 188
p (x=0) = =
52C2 221
4C1 × 48C1 32
p (x=1) = =
52C2 221
4C2 1
p (x=2) = =
52C2 221
x 0 1 2
p (x) 188 32 1
221 221 221
188 32 1
x = E (x) = 0 × + 1× + 2×
221 221 221
34
=
221

188 2 32 1 36
E = (x 2 ) = 0 2 × +1 × + 22 × =
221 221 221 221
Var (x) = ∑ (x 2 ) - ( ∑( x) )
2
2
36  34 
= − 
221  221 
6800
=
(221) 2
σ x = var (x)
6800
= = 0.37
221
Ans 05. S = 30
A = 6 defective bulbs
6 1
P= = defective bulbs
30 6
24 4
q= = non defective bulb
30 5
4 4 4 4 256
p ( x = 0) = × × × =
5 5 5 5 625
3
1  4 256
p ( x = 1) = 4c1 p1 q 3 = 4     =
5  5 625
2 2
1 4 96
p ( x = 2 ) = 4c2 p 2 q 2 = 6     =
5 5 625
3
1 4 16
p ( x = 3) = 4c3 p q = 4     =
3 1
 5   5  625
4
1 1
p ( x = 4 ) = 4c0 p q = 1   =
4 0
5 625
x 0 1 2 3 4
p (x) 256 256 96 16 1
625 625 625 625 625
Ans 06.
x 0 1
p (x) 30 70
100 100

30 70 7
E ( x) = o × + 1× =
100 100 10
E ( x2 ) = o2 ×
30 70 70 7
. + 12 × = =
100 100 100 10
70 − 49
Var = E ( x 2 ) − ( E ( x ) ) =
2 7 49 21
- = =
10 100 100 100
Ans 07. S denote the success

F denote the failure
1 5
P(S ) = , P(F ) =
6 6
1
P (A win in the first throw) = (S) =
6
5 5 1
P (A win in the thirs throw) = × ×
6 6 6
4
5 1
P (A win in the 5th throw) =    
6 6
2 2
1 5 1 5 1
P (A wins) = +     +     + ......
6 6 6 4 6
1
6  a
= S=
25 
∵
1− 1− r
36
6
=
11
 1
Ans 08. Let x be the random variable whose probability distribution is B  4 
 3
1 1 2
n = 4, p = , q = 1- =
3 3 3
4− x x
2 1
P ( X = x ) = 4c x     , x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
3  3
4
2
P ( X = 0 ) = 4c0  
3
3
 2 1
P ( X = 1) = 4c1    
 3   3

2 2
 2 1
P ( X = 2 ) = 4c2    
 3 3
3
 2  1 
P ( X = 3) = 4c3    
 3  3 
4
1
P ( X = 4 ) = 4c4  
3
4
meen = ∑ xi p (xi)
i =1
23 22 2 1
= 4× 4
+ 2 × 6 × 4
+ 3 × 4 × 4 + 4 ×1× 4
3 3 3 3
108 4
= =
81 3
Ans 09. A leap contain 52 weeks and two additional days which can be Sunday and Monday,
Monday and Tuesday, Tuesday and Wednesday, Wednesday and Thursday,
Thursday and Friday, Friday and Saturday, Saturday and Sunday.
2
req. prob. =
7
Ans 10. Let E1: red ball is transferred from bag I to bag II.
E2 : black is transferred from bag I to bag II.
3 3
P ( E1 ) = =
3+ 4 7
4 4
P ( E2 ) = =
3+ 4 7
Let A Red ball is drawn from bag II
4 +1 5 1
P ( A E1 ) = = =
( 4 + 1) + 5 10 2
4 4 2
P ( A E2 ) = = =
4 + ( 5 + 1) 10 5
P ( E2 ) P ( A E2 )
req. probability P ( E2 A ) =
P ( E1 ) P ( A E1 ) + P ( E2 ) P ( A E2 )
4 4
×
10 7 16
= =
1 3 4 4 31
× + ×
2 7 10 7


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CBSE

1. Relations & Functions

2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions

5. Continuity & Differentiability

11. Three Dimensional Geometry

12. Linear Programming

CH-01 Relation and function

2. A Relation R:A A is said to be Symmetric if ---------- ∀ a,b, ∈ A [1]

3. A Relation R:A A is said to be Transitive if ------------- ∀ a,b,c ∈ A [1]

4. Define universal relation? Give example. [2]

5. What is trivial relation? [2]

7. Show that the relation R in the set Z of integers given by [4]

R = {(L1, L2): L1 || L2}

Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in

CH-01 Relations and Functions

Ans 2. (a, b) ∈ R, (b, a) ∈ R

Ans 3. (a, b)∈ R, and (b, c) ∈ R ⇒ (a, c) ∈ R.

Ans 6. R is reflexive, since every ∆ is congruent to itself.

Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in

Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in

Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in

Relations and functions

f = {(1, 2), (2, 1), (3, 1)}

3. Find gof f(x) = |x|, g(x) = |5x + 1| [1]

5. Let f, g and h be function from R to R show that (f + g) oh = foh + goh [2]

6. If a * b = a + 3b2, then find 2 * 4 [2]

reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive. [4]

Examine whether the function f is onto, one – one or bijective [4]

9. Let A = N × N and * be the binary operation on A define by (a, b) * (c, d) = (a + c, b + d) [4]

Show that * is commutative and associative.

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CH-01 Relations and functions

1. f is one – one as f(x1) = f (x1)

3. gof (x) = g [f(x)]

Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in

(ii) (a, b) * (c, d) * (e, f)

Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in

Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in

CH-01 Relations and Functions

1. Show that function f: N N, given by f(x) = 2x, is one – one. [1]

f = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)} [1]

3. Find got f(x) = |x|, g(x) = |5x -2| [1]

that (f-1)-1 = f [1]

5. If f(x) = x + 7 and g(x) = x – 7, ∀ x ∈ R find (fog) (7) [1]

R ={(x, y) : x and y have same no of pages}, is an equivalence relation. [4]

11. Let A = N x N and * be the binary operation on A defined by ( a, b ) * ( c, d ) = ( a + c, b + d ) Show

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CH-01 Relations and Functions

1. The function f is one – one, for

5. (fog) (x) = f[g(x)]

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8. (i) gof (x) = g[f(x)]

Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in

Material downloaded from http://myCBSEguide.com and http://onlineteachers.co.in

CH-01 Relations and Functions

1. What is a bijective function? [1]

2. Let * be a binary operation defined by a * b = 2a + b – 3. find 3 * 4 [1]

f = {(1, 3) (3, 2) (2, 1)} [1]

4. Find gof where f(x) = 8x3, g(x) = x1/3 [2]

R = { (T1 , T2 ) : T1 is similar to T2 }, is an equivalence relation. Consider three right

Which triangles among T1, T2 and T3 are related? [4]

which are commutative. [6]