Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Stats Chapter 9
Stats Chapter 9
Chapter 9
• Condition 1: n(.05)≤N
• The sample size (10) is less than 5% of the population (millions of musicians), so
the condition is met.
• Condition 2: np(1-p)≥10
2
• 𝑝= = .2
10
• 𝑛𝑝 1 − 𝑝 = 10 .2 1 − .2 = 1.6 . This is less than 10 so this condition is not
met.
It would not be practical to construct the confidence interval.
A poll conducted found that 944 of 1748 adults do not believe that people with tattoos are
more rebellious. If appropriate construct a 90% confidence interval.
A researcher wants to estimate the proportion of Americans that have sleep deprivation. How
large a sample is needed in order to be 95% confident and within 3% if
a) the researcher used a previous estimate of 60%?
A researcher wants to estimate the proportion of Americans that have sleep deprivation. How
large a sample is needed in order to be 95% confident and within 3% if
a) the researcher used a previous estimate of 60%?
𝑧𝛼 2 2
2 1.96
𝑁 =𝑝 1−𝑝 = .60 1 − .60 ≅ 1024.4 ≈ 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟓
𝐸 .03
b) the researcher doesn’t use a previous estimate?
𝑧𝛼 2 2
2 1.96
𝑁 = .25 = .25 ≅ 1067.1 ≈ 𝟏𝟎𝟔𝟖
𝐸 .03
In a sample of 81 SARS patients, the mean incubation period was 4.6 days with a standard
deviation of 15.9 days. Construct a 95% confident interval and interpret.
In a sample of 81 SARS patients, the mean incubation period was 4.6 days with a standard
deviation of 15.9 days. Construct a 95% confident interval and interpret.
• We cannot use z because we do not have the population standard deviation.
• Find 𝑡𝛼/2 :
1−.95
= .025, degrees of freedom =n-1=81-80. The corresponding t-value is 1.99
2
• Find the Margin of Error
𝑠 15.9
𝐸 = 𝑡𝛼/2 = 1.99 = 3.516
𝑛 81
• Add/subtract the margin of error from the sample mean
4.6-3.516 =1.084, 4.6+3.516=8.116
We are 95% confident that the mean incubation period for SARS patients is between
1.084 and 8.116.
How large must a sample be in order to be 95% confident within 2 points given a sample
standard deviation of 13.67?
How large must a sample be in order to be 95% confident within 2 points given a sample
standard deviation of 13.67?
𝑧𝛼 ∙ 𝑠 2 2
2 1.96 ∙ 13.67
𝑛= = ≅ 𝟏𝟕𝟗. 𝟓 ≈ 𝟏𝟖𝟎
𝐸 2
To find out which margin of error is smaller (smaller width) with different sample sizes or level of
confidence when everything else is the same calculate
𝑧𝛼/2 𝑡𝛼/2
(for proportion) or (for mean) for both cases to see which is smaller.
𝑛 𝑛
A 90% confidence interval for the hours that college students sleep during the weekday is (6.8, 10.8).
Which interpretation(s) are correct?
a) 90% of college students sleep between 6.8 and 10.8 hours
b) We’re 90% confident that the mean number of hours of sleep that college students get any day
of the week is between 6.8 and 10.8 hours
c) There is a 90% probability that the mean hours of sleep that college students get during a
weekday is between 6.8 and 10.8 hours.
d) We’re 90% confident that the mean number of hours of sleep that college students during a
weekday is between 6.8 and 10.8 hours.
A student randomly selects 10 paperback books at a store. The mean price is $8.75 with a
standard deviation of $1.50. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the population standard
deviation, σ. Interpret the confidence interval. Assume the data are normally distributed
A student randomly selects 10 paperback books at a store. The mean price is $8.75 with a
standard deviation of $1.50. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the population standard
deviation, σ. Interpret the confidence interval. Assume the data are normally distributed
2 2
1. Find 𝜒1−𝛼/2 and𝜒𝛼/2 for 95% confidence level and df=9
2
𝜒1−.05/2 = 2.7
2
𝜒.05/2 = 19.023
2. Find the lower and upper bounds of σ2
(𝑛−1)𝑠 2 (10−1)1.52
Lower: 2 = =1.065
𝜒𝛼/2 19.023
(𝑛−1)𝑠 2 (10−1)1.52
Upper: 2
𝜒1−𝛼/2
= 2.7 =7.5
3. Since we want the confidence interval for σ and we have the lower/upper bounds of
σ2, we need to take the square roots of the lower and upper bound.
Lower: 1.065=1.03
Upper: 7.5=2.74
The confidence interval is (1.03,2.74)
We’re 95% confident that the population standard deviation of price of paperback books at
this store is between $1.03 and $2.74 hours.