S2 Maths Model

UNIVERSITY OF KERALA
First Degree Programme in Mathematics

Model Question Paper
Semester 2 MM 1221 Foundations of Mathematics
Time: Three hours Maximum marks : 80
Section I
All the first ten questions are compulsory. They carry 1 mark each.
1. State the Well Ordering Principle.
2. Find the order of 2 modulo 7.
3. Find the inverse of [2] in Z/5Z.
4. In which congruence class in Z/3Z is 2014.
5. Verify that φ(ab) = φ(a)φ(b) for a = 4 and b = 7.

Z
sin x
6. Evaluate dx.
cos2 x
Z 5 Z 1 Z 5
7. Find f (x)dx if f (x)dx = −2 and f (x)dx = 1.
1 0 0
8. Find the average value of f (x) = x2 over [0, 2].

√
9. Find the polar coordinates of the point whose rectangular coordinates are (− 3, 1) satisfying
r ≥ 0 and 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π.
3
10. Find the eccentricity and the distance from the pole to the directrix of the conic r = .
2 + sin θ
Section II
Answer any 8 questions from among the questions 11 to 22.

These questions carry 2 marks each.
11. In Z/10Z , solve [43]X = [34].
12. In Z/13Z , find the inverses of [2] , [4] , [5] and [7].
13. Prove that for all n ≥ 1, 5 divides 34n − 1.
14. If p is a prime, prove that φ(p) = p − 1.
15. Prove that any two numbers a and b have a least common multiple.
16. Find the reminder when 2999 is divided by 13.

Z 3 Z 9
17. Evaluate f (3x) dx if f (x) dx = 5.
0 0
Z 1
18. Evaluate x|x| dx
−1
19. Find the displacement during the time interval 0 ≤ t ≤ 3 if the velocity function is v(t) =
t3 − 3t2 + 2t.
Z π
2 p
20. Evaluate sin θ 1 − 4 cos2 θ dθ
π
3
21. Use cylindrical shells to find the volume of the solid generated when the region bounded by
y = x3 , x = 1 and y = 0 is revolved about y-axis.
22. Find the entire area within the cardioid r = 1 − cos θ
Section III

23. Find the orders of the non zero elements of Z/7Z.
24. In Z/mZ, show that [a] is a unit if and only if (a, m) = 1.
25. Prove that aφ(n) ≡ 1 (mod n)

2 2 2
26. Find the area enclosed by the astroid x 3 + y 3 = a 3 .
27. Evaluate
Z 2 without finding antiderivative
Z 2p
(a) |2x − 3|dx (b) 4 − x2 dx.
−1 0
28. Find the equation of the curve that satisfies the following conditions: At each point (x, y) on
d2 y
the curve y satisfies = 6x. The line y = 5 − 3x is a tangent to the curve at x = 1.
dx2
√
29. Find the volume of the solid generated when the region enclosed by y = 1 + x,
√
y = 2x and y = 0 is revolved about x-axis.
30. Find the surface area generated by revolving the cycloid x = a(θ − sin θ) , y = a(1 − cos θ) ,
0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π about x-axis.
31. Find the total length of the cardioid r = 1 + cos θ.
Section IV

32. (a) State and prove Fermat’s theorem.

(b) If e is the order of a modulo m, and af ≡ 1 (mod m), prove that e divides f .
33. (a) Show that φ(n) is even and that the sum of all numbers less than n and prime to it is
1
nφ(n).
2
(b) Prove that a12 − b12 ≡ 0 (mod 1365).
34. (a) Use cylindrical shells to find the volume of the solid generated when the region under the
curve y = x3 − 3x2 + 2x over [0, 1] is revolved about y-axis.
(b) Find the length of the curve 24xy = y 4 + 48 from y = 2 to y = 4.
√
35. (a) State the horizontal line test. Check whether the functions (i) f (x) = x2 , (ii) f (x) = x,
and (iii) f (x) = 2x + 5 have an inverse by sketching the graph.
(b) Sketch the graph r = sin θ in polar coordinates.
First Degree Programme in Physics
Semester 2 MM 1231.1 Complementary Course for Physics
Mathematics II: Integration and Vectors
Section I

Z
sin x
2. Evaluate dx
cos2 x
3. Suppose that a particle moves so that its velocity at time t is V (t) = t2 − 2t m/s. Find the
displacement of the particle during the time interval 0 ≤ t ≤ 3.
4. Express area of a region R in the xy-plane as a double integral.

1 3
5. Give the natural domain of the vector valued function ~r(t) = tı̂ + ̂ + 3 k̂.
t t
6. Determine the constant a so that the vector F~ = (x + 2y)ı̂ + (3y + 2z)̂ + (2y − az)k̂ is solenoidal.
7. Give an example, from Physics, of an inverse-square field F~ (~r) in 3-space.

√
8. Find the directional derivative of f (x) = xy ey at P(1,1) in the direction of the negative y-axis.
Z (1,1)
9. Use the Fundamental Theorem of Work Integrals to evaluate ∇φ · d~r where
(0,0)
φ(x, y) = xy.
ZZ
10. If V is the volume enclosed by a surface S, then find the value of ~r · ~ndS.
C
Section II
11. A projectile is fired vertically upward from the ground level with an initial velocity of 112 m/s.
(a) Find the velocity at t = 3 s and at t = 5 s.

(b) How high will the projectile rise?
(c) Find the speed of the projectile when it hits the ground.
12. Find the equation of the curve that satisfies the following conditions: At each point (x, y) on the
curve the slope equals the square of the distance between the point and the y-axis. The point
(-1,2) is on the curve.
13. Find the displacement and distance travelled during the time interval 0 ≤ t ≤ 3 if the velocity
function is v(t) = t3 − 3t2 + 2t.
14. Find the area of the region enclosed by x = y 2 and y = x + 2.
15. A ball is hit directly upward with an initial velocity of 49 m/s and is struck at a point that is 1
m. above the ground. Assuming that the free fall model applies, find how high the ball travels.
Z √
16. Evaluate tan x sec4 x dx
17. A bug, starting at the reference point ( 1, 0, 0) of the curve ~r = cos t ı̂ + sin t ̂ + t k̂ walks up
the curve for a distance of 10 units. What are the bug’s final co-ordinates?
18. Define the inverse square law and show that such a field is solenoidal.
~r p
19. If ~r = xı̂ + y̂, show that ∇f (r) = where r = x2 + y 2 .
r
20. Find the value of n for which rn~r is irrotational.
21. Evaluate the flux of the vector field F~ (x, y, z) = zk across the outward oriented sphere x2 + y 2 +
z 2 = a2 .
22. Find the work done by the force field F~ (x, y) = xy ı̂ + x2 ̂ on a particle that moves along the
parabola x = y 2 from (0,0) to (1,1).
Section III
Z 2Z 1
2
23. Evaluate ex dx dy by changing the order of integration.
0 y/2
2 2 2
24. Find the perimeter of the astroid x 3 + y 3 = a 3 .
25. Find the area of the region inside the circle r = 5 sin θ and outside the limaçon r = 2 + sin θ.
26. Find the volume of the solid that results when the region enclosed by the curve
π π
y = sec x, x = , x= , y=0
4 3
is revolved about the x-axis.
√
Z 3 Z a−x2 Z a−x2 −y 2
27. Use cylindrical coordinates to evaluate √ x2 dz dy dx.
−3 − a−x2 0
x2 y 2
28. Using the vector equation of the ellipse 2 + 2 = 1 find the curvature of the ellipse at the end
a b
points of the major and minor axes. Deduce the curvature of the circle.
29. Suppose that a particle moves through 3-space so that its position vector at time t is ~r =
t2 ı̂ + t̂ − t3 k̂. Find the scalar tangential and normal components of acceleration at time t. Also
find the vector tangential and normal components of acceleration at time t = 1.
30. Prove that curl(grad φ)=0 where φ is a scalar point function.

ZZ
31. Evaluate the surface integral xzdS where σ is the part of the plane x + y + z = 1 that lies
σ
in the first octant. What happens if the integrand is xy ?
Section IV
32. (a) Sketch the region enclosed by the curves y = x2 and y = x + 6 and find the area.
(b) Find the area of the surface that is generated by revolving the portion of the curve y = x2
between x = 1 and x = 2 about the x-axis.
33. A shell is fired from ground level with a muzzle speed of 320 ft/s and elevation angle 60◦ . Find
the parametric equations for the shell’s trajectory, the maximum height reached, the horizontal
distance travelled and the speed of the shell at impact.
34. (a) Verify Green’s theorem for f (x, y) = y 2 − 7y, g(x, y) = 2xy + 2x and C is the circle
x2 + y 2 = 1.
(b) Check whether F~ (x, y) = yexy ı̂ + xexy ̂ is conservative or not. If it is so find the corre-
sponding scalar potental.
35. Consider the function F~ (x, y, z) = (x2 − yz)ı̂ + (y 2 − zx)̂ + (z 2 − xy)k̂ over the volume enclosed
by the rectangular parallelopiped 0 ≤ x ≤ a, 0 ≤ y ≤ b and 0 ≤ z ≤ c. Verify Gauss’s divergence
theorem for F~ .
First Degree Programme in Chemistry
Semester 2 MM 1231.2 Complementary Course for Chemistry
Mathematics II: Integration, Differential Equations and Analytic Geometry
Section I

Z
sin x
2. Evaluate dx
cos2 x
p √
4. Solve 1 − y 2 dx + 1 − x2 dy = 0.
5. Solve y 00 − 5y 0 + 4y = 0.
dy y+2
6. Solve =
dx x−1
7. Find the particular integral of y 00 + 4y = cos x.
8. State the rotation equations in Cartesian coordinates.
9. Find the slopes of the asymptotes of the rectangular hyperbola y 2 − x2 = 1.
10. Write down the polar equation of a circle.
Section II
Z √
dy
16. Solve + 2y tan x = sin x.
dx
dy
17. Solve x + y = x3 y 4 .
dx
d2 y dy
18. Solve 2
−2 + y = x2 .
dx dx
19. Describe the graph of the equation y 2 − 8x − 6y − 23 = 0.
20. Find the equation of the hyperbola with vertices (±2, 0) and foci (±3, 0).
21. Define an ellipse. State the reflection property of ellipses.
22. Identify and sketch the curve xy = 1.
Section III
Z 2Z 1
2
0 y/2
2 2 2
26. Find the volume of the solid that results when the region enclosed by the curve
π π
y = sec x, x = , x= , y=0
4 3
is revolved about the x-axis.
√
Z 3 Z a−x2 Z a−x2 −y 2
−3 − a−x2 0
28. Find the orthogonal trajactories of the family of co-axial circles x2 + y 2 + 2λx + C = 0 where λ
is the parameter.
dy dy
29. Solve y 2 + x2 = xy
dx dx
30. Solve (D2 − 3D + 2)y = e3x cos x.
31. Identify and sketch the curve 153x2 − 192xy + 97y 2 − 30x − 40y − 200 = 0.
Section IV
33. (a) A rocket with weight 10 lbs is fired vertically upwards starting from rest. The effect of the
15 g
gradual burning of the charge is to produce an acceleration ft / sec2 at time t. The
10 − t
charge is consumed in 5 seconds. What is the velocity of the rocket at time t.
d2 y dy
(b) Solve x2 2
−x + y = cos log x.
dx dx
x2 y 2
34. (a) Prove that the line tangent to the ellipse 2 + 2 = 1 at the point (x0 , y0 ) has the equation
a b
xx0 yy0
+ = 1.
a2 b2
(b) A line tangent to the hyperbola 4x2 − y 2 = 36 intersects the y-axis at the point (4, 0). Find
the point(s) of tangency.
(c) The orbit of Halley’s comet (last seen in 1986) has an eccentricity of 0.97 and a semimajor
axis given by a = 18.1 AU.
(i) Find the equation of its orbit in the polar coordinate system.
(ii) Find the period of its orbit.
(iii) Find its perihelion and aphelion distances.
35. (a) Find the equation of the asymptotes of the curve x2 − y 2 − 4x + 8y − 21 = 0

2
(b) Sketch the graph of r = in polar coordinates.
1 + 2 sin θ
First Degree Programme in Geology
Semester 2 MM 1231.3 Complementary Course for Geology
Mathematics II: Integration, Differential Equations and Matrices
Section I

Z
sin x
2. Evaluate dx
cos2 x
p √
4. Solve 1 − y 2 dx + 1 − x2 dy = 0.
5. Solve y 00 − 5y 0 + 4y = 0.
dy y+2
6. Solve =
dx x−1
 
−3 1
8. Find the rank of the matrix  2 2
 
4 −3
9. Define similar matrices.

 
1 1 −3
10. Check whether the matrix 2 16 1  is singular.
 
0 0 4
Section II
Z √
dy
dx
dy
17. Solve x + y = x3 y 4 .
dx
d2 y dy
18. Solve 2
−2 + y = x2 .
dx dx
19. What are the various elementary row operations?
20. When do we say that a matrix is in row reduced echelon form?
21. Define eigen values and eigen vectors associated with a matrix.
 
2 0 0
22. Find the eigen values of the matrix 1 2 0
 
0 0 3
Section III
Z 2Z 1
2
0 y/2
2 2 2
Z 3 Z √a−x2 Z a−x2 −y2
−3 − a−x2 0
is the parameter.
dy dy
28. Solve y 2 + x2 = xy
dx dx
29. Solve (D2 − 3D + 2)y = e3x cos x.
30. Solve the system of equations
x1 − 7x2 + 6x4 = 5
x3 − 2x4 = −3
−x1 + 7x2 − 4x3 + 2x4 = 7
 
2 2 1
 
1 −1 3
31. Find the row reduced echelon form of the matrix 
 
 0 0 1 

4 0 7
and determine its rank.
Section IV
15 g
10 − t
d2 y dy
(b) Solve x2 2 − x + y = cos log x.
dx dx
 
5 0 0
34. Diagonalise the matrix 1 0 3 
 
0 0 −2
35. (a) Find the general solution of the system
2x1 − 3x2 = 1
−x1 + 3x2 = 0
x1 − 4x2 = 3
or show that the system has no solution.

 
5 −4 4
(b) Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of the matrix A =  12 −11 12
 
−4 −4 5
First Degree Programme in Statistics
Semester 2 MM 1231.4 Complementary course for Statistics
Mathematics II: Differential Calculus
Section I
1. If a particle moves with a constant velocity, what can you say about its position versus time
curve?
2. Define the jump of a function.
3. Explain the convergence of the harmonic series.
4. Write down the Maclaurin series for ln(1 + x).

∂z
5. If z = e2x sin y, find .
∂y
6. State the degree of homogeneity of the function f (x, y) = x2 y − y 3 .
∂f
7. Find if f = xy .
∂y
8. Is origin a point of inflection for the curve f (x) = x4 .
3 3 3
9. Test for convergence of the series + 2 + 3 + ···
10 10 10
10. Define continuity f (x, y) at (x◦ , y◦ ).
Section II
√
11. Find the natural domain of the function x2 − 5x + 6.

2
 x − 9 if x 6= −3

12. Find k so that f (−3) = lim f (x) where f (x) = x + 3
x→−3 k if x = −3

d2 y
13. Find where x = sec2 t and y = tan2 t.
dx2
14. Find the slope of the curve y = x2 + 1 at the point (2, 5) and use it to find the equation of the
tangent at x = 2.
15. Find the velocity and acceleration of a particle which moves on a parabola s(t) = 16t2 − 29t + 6
at t = 3.
∂T ∂T
16. Let T = x2 y − xy 3 + 2, x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ. Find and .
∂r ∂θ

∞ 1 1
17. Determine whether the series Σ − converges or diverges. If it converges find the
k=1 k k+2
sum?
∂(x, y) 2u −2v
18. Find the Jacobian if x = 2 2
and y = 2 .
∂(u, v) u +v u + v2
19. A closed cylindrical can is to hold 1 litre of liquid. How should we choose the height and radius
to minimize the amount of material needed to manufacture the can?

1 1
20. Evaluate lim − .
x→0 x ex − 1
21. Suppose that z = x3 y 2 , where both x and y are changing with time. At a certain instant when
x = 1 and y = 2, x is decreasing at the rate of 2 units/s, and y is increasing at the rate of 3
units/s. How fast is z changing at this instant? Is z increasing or decreasing?
22. Find the slope of the tangent at (−1, 1, 5) to the curve of intersection of the surface z = x2 + 4y 2
and the plane x = −1.
Section III
23. Use implicit differentiation to find the slope of the tangent line to the curve 2(x2 + y 2 )2 =
25(x2 − y 2 ) at the point (3, 1).
1
24. Show that the triangle formed by any tangent to the graph of y = , x > 0, and the coordinate
x
axes has an area of 2 square units.
25. Locate all relative extrema and saddle points of the function f (x, y) = 3x2 − 2xy + y 2 − 8y.
26. A man 6 ft tall is walking at the rate of 3 ft/s towards a streetlight 18 ft heigh.
(a) At what rate is his shadow length changing?

(b) How fast is the tip of hie shadow moving?
xy 3 8
27. A particle is moving along the curve whose equation is = . Assume that the x-coordinate
1 + y2 5
is increasing at the rate of 6 units per second when the particle is at (1, 2)
(a) At what rate is the y-coordinate of the point changing at that instant?
(b) Is the particle rising or falling at that instant?
28. Find the Taylor series expansion for tan−1 x about x = 1.
29. Find the absolute maximum and absolute minimum of f (x, y) = 3xy − 6x − 3y + 7 on the closed
triangular region R with vertices (0, 0), (3, 0), (0, 5).
30. Let f (x) = x2 + px + q. Find the values of p and q such that f (1) = 3 is an extreme value of f
on [0, 2]. Is this value a maximum or a minimum?
31. Use the method of Lagrangian multipliers to find the maximum and minimum values of the
function f (x, y) = xy subject to the constraint 4x2 + 8y 2 = 16.
Section IV
32. (a) Verify the hypothesis of the Mean Value Theorem and find all values of c for f (x) =
x3 + x − 4.
(b) Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of f (x) = 4x2 − 4x + 1.
33. A projectile is launched upward from ground level with an initial speed of 60 m/s.
(i) How long does it take for the projectile to reach its highest point?
(ii) How high does the projectile go?
(iii) How long does it take for the projectile to drop back to the ground from its highest point?
(iv) What is the speed of the projectile when it hits the ground?
34. (a) Determine the dimensions of a rectangular box open at the top, having a volume 32 cubic
feet and requiring the least material for its construction.
(b) Verify Euler’s theorem for the function f (x, y) = (x2 + xy + y 2 )−1 .
35. (a) Show that the function z = ex sin y + ey cos x satisfies Laplace’s equation.
∂z ∂z
(b) Given z = 8x2 y − 2x + 3y, x = uv and y = u − v, use the chain rule to find and .
∂u ∂v
(c) Let f be a differentiable function of one variable and let z = f (x2 + y 2 ). Show that
∂z ∂z
y −x = 0.
∂x ∂y
First Degree Programme in Economics
Semester 2 MM 1231.5 Complementary course for Economics
Mathematics for Economics - II
Section I
1. Find the third derivative of y = (ax + b)6 .
2. Determine whether the function y = 2x2 − 6x + 2 is increasing or decreasing at x = 2.

1
3. What is the second derivative of √ ?
x
4. The total revenue of a firm is given as R = 22q − q 2 . Find the output at which the total revenue
is maximum.
√
5. What is the marginal revenue function for the demand p = a − bx ?
p
x2 + y 2
6. Write down the degree of the homogeneous function z = .
x+y
7. Prove that y = x2 − 4x is convex downward.
8. Write down the explicit form of the function x2 − xz + yz − z = 0.

1 ∂f
9. If f (x, y) = p , find .
x2 − y 2 ∂x
10. Find the point of inflexion of the curve y = (x − 1)3 .
Section II
c
11. Find the minimum value of y = ax + b + for positive values of x, where a, b and c are positive.
x
1−x
12. Show that y = is a monotonic function. Illustrate by drawing the graph of the function.
1+x
d2 y dy
13. If xy = a + bx, show that x 2
+2 = 0.
dx dx
dy d2 y c
14. Find and 2
if x = ct , y = .
dx dx t
15. Find the maximum and minimum values of y = 2x3 − 3x2 − 12x + 4.
16. Find the points of inflexion of the curve y = 3x4 − 4x3 + 1.

a
17. Show that the demand curve p = − c is downward sloping and convex from below.
x+b
∂z ∂z
18. If z = log(ex + ey ) prove that + =1
∂x ∂y
19. Given the prodction function P = kLα C β , where P is product, L is Labour, C is capital and
k, α, β are constants. Find dP .

x
20. Find the first and second order partial derivatives of z = log .
x2 + y 2
21. Verify Young’s theorem for the function z = ex−y .
22. Find the extreme points of f (x, y) = 3x2 − 2xy + y 2 − 8y.
Section III
23. Obtain the extreme values of 3x4 + 4x3 − 12x2 + 12.
24. Find the first and second order differentials of u = 2x2 − xy.
dy d2 y
25. If (x − a)2 + (y − b)2 = c2 , find and .
dx dx2
26. An open box consists of a square base with vertical sides and has a volume of 4 cubic feet. What
are the dimensions of the box for a minimum surface area ?

x+b
27. Show that the total cost function π = ax + d , (b > c) gives average and marginal cost
x+c
functions which fall continuously with increasing output.
√
28. Illustrate graphically the form of the contours and of other sections of the surface z = xy.
∂2θ ∂2θ
29. If x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ, prove that + =0
∂x2 ∂y 2
30. Obtain the extreme values of f (x, y) = x3 + y 3 − 3x − 27y + 24
31. Let u = xy be the production function where x and y are inputs.The budget constraint is
2x + y = 6. How much x and y should be bought to obtain maximum output u?
Section IV
p ∂2u ∂2u
32. (a) If u = log x2 + y 2 , prove that + 2 =0
∂x2 ∂y
1
(b) Let the cost function of a firm is given by the equation C = 300x − 10x2 + x3 . Calculate
3
(i) Output at which MC is minimum.
(ii) Output at which AC is minimum.
(iii) Output at which AC=MC.
1 2
33. (a) If y = x2 + , show that x2 d y + x dy − 4y = 0.
x2 dx2 dx
1 2
(b) A radio manufacturer produces x sets per week at a total cost of ( 25 x + 3x + 100) pounds.
He is a monopolist and the demand of his market is x = 75 − 3p when the price is p pounds
per set. Show that the maximum net revenue is obtained when about 30 sets are produced
per week. What is the monopoly price ? Illustrate by drawing an accurate graph.
2x
34. (a) Show that the curve y = 2 has three points of inflexion seperated by a maximum
x +1
point and a minimum point.
(b) The average cost function associated with producing and marketing x units of an item is
50
given by AC = 2x − 11 + . Find the toal cost function and the marginal cost function.
x
Also find the range of output for wthih AC is decreasing.
35. (a) State Euler’s theorem on homogeneous functions and verify it for the function
z = x2 − xy + 2y 2 .
(b) A liquid form of pencillin manufactured by a pharmaceutical firm is sold in bulk at a
price of Rs. 200 per unit. If the total production cost (in rupees) for x units is c(x) =
500, 000+80x+0.003x2 and the prduction capacity of the firm is atmost 30,000 in a specified
time, how many units of pencillin must be manufactured and sold in that time to maximize
the profit?
First Degree Programme in Physics and Computer Applications
Semester 2 MM 1231.6 Complementary Course in Mathematics
(Analytical Geometry, Integration, Differential Equations and Matrices)
Time: Three hours Maximum Marks : 80
Section I

Z
sin x
4. Evaluate dx
cos2 x
p √
6. Solve 1 − y 2 dx + 1 − x2 dy = 0.
7. Solve y 00 − 5y 0 + 4y = 0.

 
−3 1
9. Find the rank of the matrix  2 2
 
4 −3
 
1 1 −3
10. Check whether the matrix 2 16 1  is singular.
 
0 0 4
Section II
Z √
dy
dx
dy
18. Solve x + y = x3 y 4 .
dx
d2 y dy
19. Solve 2
−2 + y = x2 .
dx dx
20. When do we say that a matrix is in row reduced echelon form?
21. Define eigen values and eigen vectors associated with a matrix.
 
2 0 0
22. Find the eigen values of the matrix 1 2 0
 
0 0 3
Section III
24. Identify and sketch the curve 153x2 − 192xy + 97y 2 − 30x − 40y − 200 = 0
Z 2Z 1
2
0 y/2
2 2 2
is the parameter.
dy dy
28. Solve y 2 + x2 = xy
dx dx
29. Solve (D2 − 3D + 2)y = e3x cos x.
30. Solve the system of equations
x1 − 7x2 + 6x4 = 5
x3 − 2x4 = −3
−x1 + 7x2 − 4x3 + 2x4 = 7
 
2 2 1
 
1 −1 3
31. Find the row reduced echelon form of the matrix 
 
 0 0 1 

4 0 7
and determine its rank.
Section IV

(b) Suppose the axes of an xy-coordinate system are rotated through an angle of θ = 45◦ to
obtain an x0 y 0 -coordinate system. Find the equation of the curve x2 − xy + y 2 − 6 = 0 in
x0 y 0 -coordinates.
15 g
10 − t
d2 y dy
dx dx
 
5 0 0
35. Diagonalise the matrix 1 0 3 
 
0 0 −2
First Degree Programme in Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry
Semester 2 MM 1231.7 Complementary Course in Mathematics
(Analytical Geometry, Integration, Differential Equations and Theory of
Equations)
Time: Three hours Maximum Marks : 80
Section I

Z
sin x
4. Evaluate dx
cos2 x
p √
6. Solve 1 − y 2 dx + 1 − x2 dy = 0.
7. Solve y 00 − 5y 0 + 4y = 0.
9. State the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra.
10. State the Descarte’s rule of signs.
Section II

Z √
dy
dx
dy
18. Solve x + y = x3 y 4 .
dx
d2 y dy
19. Solve 2
−2 + y = x2 .
dx dx
20. Solve the equation x3 −5x2 −4x+20 = 0 if two of the roots of the equation are equal inmagnitude
and opposite in sign.
21. Find the number and position of the real roots of the equation x3 + x2 − 2x − 1 = 0.
22. Form the equation whose roots are the roots of the equation x3 − 6x2 + 12x − 8 = 0, diminished
by 2.
Section III
24. Identify and sketch the curve 153x2 − 192xy + 97y 2 − 30x − 40y − 200 = 0
Z 2Z 1
2
0 y/2
2 2 2
is the parameter.
dy dy
28. Solve y 2 + x2 = xy
dx dx
29. Solve (D2 − 3D + 2)y = e3x cos x.
30. If α, β, γ are the roots of the equation x3 − px2 + qx − r = 0, find the values of Σα2 , Σα3 , Σα2 β
and Σα2 β 2 .
31. Solve the equation 4x4 − 20x3 + 33x2 − 20x + 4 = 0.
Section IV

(b) Suppose the axes of an xy-coordinate system are rotated through an angle of θ = 45◦ to
obtain an x0 y 0 -coordinate system. Find the equation of the curve x2 − xy + y 2 − 6 = 0 in
x0 y 0 -coordinates.
15 g
10 − t
d2 y dy
dx dx
35. (a) Solve, using Cardano’s method, the equation x3 − 15x − 126 = 0.
(b) Solve, using Ferrari’s method, the equation x4 − 10x3 + 35x2 − 50x + 24 = 0.

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UNIVERSITY OF KERALA

First Degree Programme in Mathematics

Time: Three hours Maximum marks : 80

1. State the Well Ordering Principle.

2. Find the order of 2 modulo 7.

3. Find the inverse of [2] in Z/5Z.

4. In which congruence class in Z/3Z is 2014.

5. Verify that φ(ab) = φ(a)φ(b) for a = 4 and b = 7.

8. Find the average value of f (x) = x2 over [0, 2].

Answer any 8 questions from among the questions 11 to 22.

11. In Z/10Z , solve [43]X = [34].

13. Prove that for all n ≥ 1, 5 divides 34n − 1.

14. If p is a prime, prove that φ(p) = p − 1.

16. Find the reminder when 2999 is divided by 13.

22. Find the entire area within the cardioid r = 1 − cos θ

Answer any 6 questions from among the questions 23 to 31.

23. Find the orders of the non zero elements of Z/7Z.

24. In Z/mZ, show that [a] is a unit if and only if (a, m) = 1.

25. Prove that aφ(n) ≡ 1 (mod n)

31. Find the total length of the cardioid r = 1 + cos θ.

Answer any 2 questions from among the questions 32 to 35.

32. (a) State and prove Fermat’s theorem.

Time: Three hours Maximum marks : 80

1. Find the average value of f (x) = x2 over [0, 2].

4. Express area of a region R in the xy-plane as a double integral.

7. Give an example, from Physics, of an inverse-square field F~ (~r) in 3-space.

(a) Find the velocity at t = 3 s and at t = 5 s.

30. Prove that curl(grad φ)=0 where φ is a scalar point function.

Time: Three hours Maximum marks : 80

1. Find the average value of f (x) = x2 over [0, 2].

8. State the rotation equations in Cartesian coordinates.

9. Find the slopes of the asymptotes of the rectangular hyperbola y 2 − x2 = 1.

10. Write down the polar equation of a circle.

13. Find the area of the region enclosed by x = y 2 and y = x + 2.

21. Define an ellipse. State the reflection property of ellipses.

22. Identify and sketch the curve xy = 1.

35. (a) Find the equation of the asymptotes of the curve x2 − y 2 − 4x + 8y − 21 = 0

Time: Three hours Maximum marks : 80

1. Find the average value of f (x) = x2 over [0, 2].

9. Define similar matrices.

13. Find the area of the region enclosed by x = y 2 and y = x + 2.

20. When do we say that a matrix is in row reduced echelon form?

30. Solve the system of equations

35. (a) Find the general solution of the system

or show that the system has no solution.

Time: Three hours Maximum marks : 80

2. Define the jump of a function.

3. Explain the convergence of the harmonic series.

4. Write down the Maclaurin series for ln(1 + x).

(a) At what rate is his shadow length changing?

28. Find the Taylor series expansion for tan−1 x about x = 1.

Time: Three hours Maximum marks : 80

1. Find the third derivative of y = (ax + b)6 .

2. Determine whether the function y = 2x2 − 6x + 2 is increasing or decreasing at x = 2.

8. Write down the explicit form of the function x2 − xz + yz − z = 0.

10. Find the point of inflexion of the curve y = (x − 1)3 .

16. Find the points of inflexion of the curve y = 3x4 − 4x3 + 1.

22. Find the extreme points of f (x, y) = 3x2 − 2xy + y 2 − 8y.

23. Obtain the extreme values of 3x4 + 4x3 − 12x2 + 12.

Time: Three hours Maximum Marks : 80

1. State the rotation equations in Cartesian coordinates.

2. Find the slopes of the asymptotes of the rectangular hyperbola y 2 − x2 = 1.