COLLECTED SAMPLE

EXTRACTION PROCESS

USES OF STEAM ONBOARD A SHIP

 For Main Engine Propulsion/Turbines (in case of steam ships)

 For Power Generation (to run steam turbo generators)
 For Running Auxiliary Machinery (in case of steam ships)
 For Soot Blowing and for the steam atomized burners.
 For Fresh water generation (Evaporators)
 For Fire Fighting (Steam drenching)
 For heating duties (Main Engine Fuel Oil Heater, Galley
Supply, Purifier, Calorifier , Galley, Accommodation heating,
Sea chests tracer lines for pipeline heating)
 For cargo heating
 For fuel tank heating
 For deck machinery
 For running Cargo pump turbines
 For Operating Bilge, Stripping and other steam driven pumps
 For tank washing in tanker ships and general cleaning
 It is used as a steam ejector media for ejector pumps and
vacuum devices.
 For Driving steam driven deck machinery like winches etc.
STEAM GENERATION LINE

Steam Generation System Line Diagram… A steam generator, in

the sense of an auxiliary boiler on a ship, is a form of boiler. It uses
high-pressure superheated steam from the main steam supply used
for propulsion, and uses this to generate low pressure saturated
steam. This is then used to power auxiliary steam engines around
the ship such as winches or pumps, or to supply any steam
requirement on the ship that does not require high superheating,
such as boiler feedwater and freshwater evaporators.
Turbine generator is a popular source of clean power generation on ships as they
don’t use any type of fuel i.e. heavy or diesel oil. Steam is used for power production
in case of turbine generators. Steam is an easy, environmental friendly and cheap
form of fuel on ships. For turbine generators, the steam comes from the ship’s steam
boiler plant.

In turbine generator, steam is used with high pressure to rotate turbine wherein the
thermal energy of the steam gets converted into rotary motion. The turbine is
connected to the alternator’s rotor; hence the rotary notion of the turbine is utilized
to generate electric power.

Alternate Uses of Steam Turbine

On ships, the steam turbine can also be used as a direct propulsion plant, in which,
the turbine shaft is connected to propeller shaft of the ship. Since the speed will be in
thousand rpm, reduction gears and reduction systems are used to get a drop in
propeller rpm.

The propelling plant of the ship can be driven by steam turbine through a slow
speed motor. The turbine generator directly supplies power to these slow speed
motors which are connected to the propeller shaft of the ship.

Understanding the Construction of Turbine

Generator system
 Source: H Padleckas/ Wikimedia
Turbine Prime Mover
A turbine will act as a prime mover in turbo generator and is fitted on the same shaft
as of the alternator’s rotor.

Alternator
The alternator is used to convert the rotary motion of the turbine to electrical energy
and its output is supplied to the main switch board of the ship.

Steam Control Governor

The governor is used to control the speed of the turbine generator during starting,
normal operation and shutting down. It controls the quantity of the steam inlet to the
turbine generator.

Steam Control Valve

Different pressure control valves are fitted in the steam line and are controlled using
governor for the flow of steam from the ship’s boiler system.
Condensate pump
The condensed steam, after the turbine is further cooled down, is pumped back to
the cascade tank by condensate pump.

Vacuum pump for glands

The steam turbine shaft is provided with glands wherein steam is sprayed at a
pressure of 0.3~ 0.5 bar so that the vacuum inside the turbine casing doesn’t drop.

Condenser
The heat exchanger acts as a condenser to cool down and condense all the steam
from the turbine into water so that it can be pumped back to the hot well.

Vacuum pump header tank

A vacuum pump header tank is provided to cool down the vacuum pump as the later
deals with high temperature steam