Environmental Engineering-II

7th Semester

Engr Aneel Manan

Lecture :01
Swedish College of Engineering
and Technology
COURSE CONTENT LECTURE #

1. Introduction 01

2. Introduction to Sewers and sewage 02 / 03

Assignment# 1
3. Manhole and Pumping station 04
Quiz # 1

4. Solid waste management 05 / 06

Assignment# 2
5. Water consumption 07 / 08
Quiz # 2
6. Water distribution systems 09 / 10

7. Air Pollution 11 / 12 Assignment # 3

Quiz # 3
8. Water Pollution 13 /14

9. Sampling and analysis 15

Assignment # 4
Quiz # 4
10.Noise Pollution 16
Evaluation Criteria

• Assignments = 10 %
• Quizzes = 10 %
• Mid Semester Exam = 30 %
• End Semester Exam = 50 %
 Evaluation Criteria

• Late submission of Assignments will not be

entertained

• Someone having Less than 75% Attendance will not

be allowed to sit in exam

• There will be No Retake of quizzes if someone

missed that
Basic concepts in Environmental
Engineering
 What is Environment?
• The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or
plant lives or operates.

• An ecosystem (also called as environment) is a natural unit

consisting of all plants, animals and micro-organisms (biotic
factors) in an area functioning together with all of the non-
living physical (abiotic) factors of the environment
 What is Environmental
Engineering?

• Engineering, application of scientific principles for the

planning, design, operation and maintenance of structures,
equipment or systems for the development and benefit of
society.

• Environmental engineering system is the branch

of engineering concerned with the application of scientific
and engineering principles for protection of human populations
from the effects of adverse environmental factors
 What is Natural Environment?

• Natural environment means all living and non-living

things that are natural. The universe is natural, but often
the term "natural environment" only means nature
on earth.
 Science & Engineering

• Science…improve our understanding of

natural processes. Examples include:
sunrise, weather, fog etc.

• Engineering…use this understanding to

develop and apply technologies that will
maintain or improve environmental quality
Environment + Engineering
 Biotic environment

• Biotic components or biotic factors, can be described as

any living component that affects another organism, or
shapes the ecosystem. This includes both animals that
consume other organisms within their ecosystem, and the
organism that is being consumed.

• Examples of biotic components include animals, plants,

fungi, and bacteria. ...

• Examples of abiotic factors are temperature, air currents,

and minerals.
 Population

• A population is the number of living things that live together in the

same place. A city's population is the number of people living in that
city

Community
• A community is formed from all living populations found in an
area.
• All the foxes, grasshoppers, snakes, hawks and deer living in one
area each form their individual populations, but together make up
a community.
 Ecosystem
• An ecosystem is formed by the interactions between all living and
non-living things.

• An ecosystem is comprised of all the non-living elements and living

species in a specific local environment. Components of most
ecosystems include water, air, sunlight, soil, plants,
microorganisms, insects and animals.
 What is Ecology?

• Ecology is how living and non-living things affect

each other in their environment.
 Pollution

• The addition of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas) or any form of

energy (such as heat, sound, or radioactivity), liable to cause harm to
living creatures or ecological systems.
 How did pollution begin?
• Waste becomes pollution if the level discharged exceeds the
capacity of the environment to absorb it without adverse effect.

Types of Pollution
• Air Pollution
• Water Pollution
• Land Pollution
• Noise pollution
• Thermal pollution
• Radio active pollution
 Air Pollution
• Air pollution is a mixture of solid particles and gases
in the air. Car emissions, chemicals from factories,
dust that cause harm or discomfort to humans or
other living organisms, or cause damage to the
natural environment.
• It may cause diseases, allergies or death of humans;
it may also cause harm to other living organisms
such as animals and food crops, and may damage
the natural environment.
 Water Pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of water

bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans and groundwater).
 Land Pollution
• Land pollution is the deterioration of Earth's land
surfaces often caused by human activities and their
misuse of land resources.
 Noise Pollution
• Noise pollution is excessive, displeasing human,
animal or machine-created environmental noise that
disrupts the activity or balance of human or animal
life.
 Thermal Pollution
• The excess of heat dissipated into air or water from the
industries increases the temperature of the system and hence,
causes thermal pollution. A common cause of thermal pollution is
the use of water as a coolant by power plants and industrial
manufacturers.
 Radio Active pollution
• Radioactive contamination, also called
radiological contamination, is the deposition of, or presence
of radioactive substances on surfaces or within solids, liquids
or gases (including the human body), where their presence is
unintended or undesirable.

• The radioactive substances are dangerous radiation like

alpha particles ,beta particles and gamma rays.
END OF LECTURE 01