Building greener cities: nine bene ts of urban

trees
Find out why trees in cities matter

30 Nov 2016

For the rst time in history, more than 50 percent of the world’s population now
lives in towns and cities. By 2050, this number is expected to increase to 66
percent. The shift from rural to urban areas, mainly in Africa and Asia, is due to
poverty and related socio-economic factors.  

For the most part, the rapid expansion of cities takes place without any land use
planning strategy and the resulting human pressure has highly damaging e ects
on forests, landscapes, as well as green areas in and around cities. The
environmental impacts of urbanization are often intensi ed by climate change
and include increased pollution, decreased availability of food and resources, as
well as increased poverty and frequency of extreme climatic events.

Urban trees can help to mitigate some of the negative impacts and social
consequences of urbanization, and thus make cities more resilient to these
changes. Here are nine ways in which urban trees and forests contribute to
making cities socio-economically and environmentally more sustainable:

1. Trees can contribute to the increase of local food and nutrition

security, providing food such as fruits, nuts and leaves for both human
consumption and fodder. Their wood, in turn, can be used for cooking
and heating.
2. Trees play an important role in increasing urban biodiversity, providing
 plants and animals with a favourable habitat, food and protection.
3. A mature tree can absorb up to 150 kg of CO2 per year. As a result, trees
play an important role in climate change mitigation. Especially in cities
 with high levels of pollution, trees can improve air quality, making cities
healthier places to live in.
4. Strategic placement of trees in cities can help to cool the air between 2
and 8 degrees Celsius, thus reducing the urban “heat island” e ect, and
helping urban communities to adapt to the e ects of climate change.
5. Large trees are excellent lters for urban pollutants and ne
particulates. They absorb pollutant gases (such as carbon monoxide,
nitrogen oxides, ozone and sulfer oxides) and lter ne particulates such
as dust, dirt or smoke out of the air by trapping them on leaves and bark.
6. Research shows that living in close proximity of urban green spaces and
having access to them, can improve physical and mental health, for
example by decreasing high blood pressure and stress. This, in turn,
contributes to the well-being of urban communities.
7. Mature trees regulate water ow and play a key role in preventing
oods and reducing the risk of natural disasters. A mature evergreen
tree, for instance, can intercept more than 15 000 liters of water per year.
8. Trees also help to reduce carbon emissions by helping to conserve
energy. For example, the correct placement of trees around buildings can
reduce the need for air conditioning by 30 percent, and reduce winter
heating bills by 20-50 percent.
9. Planning urban landscapes with trees can increase property value, by
up to 20 percent, and attract tourism and business.

A city with well-planned and well-managed green infrastructure becomes more

resilient, sustainable and equitable in terms of nutrition and food security,
poverty alleviation, livelihood improvement, climate change mitigation and
adaptation, disaster risk reduction and ecosystems conservation. Throughout
their lifetime, trees can thus provide a bene t package worth two to three times
more than the investment made in planting and caring for them.

Planting trees today is, therefore, essential for future generations! Plant a tree
and share your photo with us via Instagram (tag @UNFAO) and Twitter (tag
@FAOForestry)!

Share this page

Like 5.1K         Google +