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THE FEASIBILITY OF GUMAMELA LEAVES AND FLOWERS AS AN

OINTMENT TO HEAL WOUNDS AND BURNED SKIN.

A Research Presented to the Senior High School Department

General Santos City SPED Integrated School
General Santos City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Senior High School

By

CHRISTIAN JAMES B. DIAMANTE

CARL ELIEZER P. DIAMANTE
ADRIAN LHOID ORTEGA

March 2019
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ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using

gumamela leaves and petals as ointment in healing wounds and burned skin. This

study can help patients who cannot afford expensive medicines for skin problem.

The study was done at Blk. 8 Lot 1-2, DBP Homes, Purok Malipayon, Brgy. San

Isidro, General Santos City. The collection of data were performed on March 8,

2019. Gumamela leaves and flower were picked and dried and processed to make

gumamela ointment. Two lab rats are wounded and blistered making them the test

subjects for our research. We applied gumamela ointments on the injuries of both

rats and we observed them for five days. Our observation shows that gumamela

ointments are feasible on healing wounds and burned skin. Since the gumamela

ointment is herbal it has no side effects, the researchers recommend to produce

gumamela ointment as an alternative medication for skin problems.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE i
APPROVAL SHEET ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS iii
ABSTRACT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF TABLES vi
LIST OF FIGURES vii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study 1
Review of Literature
Theoretical/Conceptual Framework

Statement of the Problem

Hypotheses
Significance of the Study

CHAPTER II METHOD
Design
Setting
Participants
Measures
Definition of Terms
Procedure
Limitations of the Study

CHAPTER III RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CHAPTER IV SUMMARY, CONCLUSION,

AND RECOMMENDATION

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Appendix E

CURRICULUM VITAE
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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Gumamela plant is a beautiful plant blooms with beautiful color and a shrub

that grows from one meter up to 4 meters high. The gumamela flower comes in

many colors: red, yellow, orange, white, purple, pink and other color combinations.

Gumamela is also known as: Hibiscus, China Rose and Shoeflower. In the

Philippines, gumamela is cultivated as an ornamental plant. (Philippine Herbal

Medicine, n.d.)

Gumamela leaves, usually blended with Rose Hip has long been used in the

Middle East and Okinawa as herbal tea. Today, the use of gumamela tea is gaining

worldwide popularity - including Asia. Gumamela (Hibiscus) is associated with

longevity. (Botany, 2003)

Gumamela has been noted to have healing properties, including anti-

inflammatory effects. Extracts from Hibiscus have been shown to inhibit the growth

of a variety of cancer cells. It has been used for the treatment of a variety of skin

problems as well as to promote wound healing. As herbal medicine, gumamela

flower, leaves and roots are used. Gumamela has the following medicinal
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characteristics: expectorant, diuretic, emollient, anti-infectious, anti-inflammatory,

antipyretic, anodyne and refrigerant.

The wound-healing activity of the ethanol extract of H rosa sinensis flower

was determined in rats, using excision, incision, and dead space wound models.

Healing was assessed by the rate of wound contraction, period of epithelialization,

tensile strength (skin breaking strength), granulation tissue weight, and

hydroxyproline content. The antimicrobial activity of the flower extract against

selected microorganisms that infect the wounds was also assessed. (Nayak, 2007)

In conclusion, this study will prove that gumamela is a useful raw component

in making alternative herbal ointment for healing wounds and any other skin

disease. We conduct this study because this study is not yet been conducted by

any researchers.

Review of Related Literature

This chapter includes the review of related literature and framework of the
study.

The Hisbiscus rosa-sinesis aslo called as Gumamela plant is a beautiful

flower. The Gumamela flower opens for only 24 to 48 hours, new buds bloom

continuously through the year, rarely leaving gumamela without showy color.

(Palomo, 2009) According to Mrs. Linn Gumamela is a shrub that grows from one

meter up to 4 meters high. Gumamela is also known as: Hibiscus, China Rose and

Shoeflower. In the Philippines, gumamela is cultivated as an ornamental plant. The

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gumamela flower comes in many colors: red, yellow, orange, white, purple, pink

and other color combinations.

This plant is use as herbal medicine. Gumamela flower, leaves and roots are

used. Gumamela has the following medicinal characteristics: expectorant, diuretic,

emollient, anti-infectious, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, anodyne and refrigerant.

(Philippine Herbal Medicine, n.d.)

Hibiscus rosa sinensis (H rosa sinensis), a plant product, has been used for

the treatment of a variety of diseases as well as to promote wound healing. The

wound-healing activity of the ethanol extract of H rosa sinensis flower was

determined in rats, using excision, incision, and dead space wound models and is

presented in this report. (Karina H. Goldberg, 2017)Hibiscus has a sort of magical

reputation in skin care because it is a natural source of alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs).

Chemical forms of these acids can be overly harsh and damaging to the skin, but

natural sources such as those in hibiscus can help provide the same benefits

without the harsh drawbacks. (annmarie, n.d.)

This plant could be made into ointment. According to Angela the ointment

have two types the first one is Comfrey, this type of ointment will speed up healing

process and encourage new cell growth. The other ointment type is Chamomile,

this ointment is another handy one to have around. Treats stings, bites, wounds,

itching eczema and anal irritation. (Angela, 2015)

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Theoretical/Conceptual Framework

The framework of the study is composed of a set of independent variable

and a set of dependent variables.

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Gumamela Level of

leaves and Effectiveness

petals ointment

Statement of the Problem

This study seeks to know the feasibility of hibiscus rosa-sinesis

(gumamela) as an anti-inflammatory and as an alternative medication for skin

problems. This study aims to answer this question:

1. What is the level of effectiveness of gumamela leaf and petal ointment?

a. Lacerated wound

b. Burned skin
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2. Is there a significant difference on the level of effectiveness of gumamela

leaf ointment and gumamela flower petal ointment.

Hypothesis

Gumamela Plant is known as an herbal healing plant that can be used to

heal wounds, burned skin, and other skin problems that may cause infection and

lots of medicine to take. The ointment enhances the healing ability of gumamela

plant.

Ho1: There is a significant effect if we make an ointment made of gumamela plant,

the gumamela ointment is more effective in healing wound, and burned skin.

Ho2: There is no significant effect if we make an ointment made of gumamela plant

and there are chances that this ointment will not effect in the healing of wounds.

Significance of the Study

This study aims to produce a first aid for open wounds and lessen the

expenses for the medication of skin problems. This will give solution to a problem

that deals with the healing time of open wounds and burned skin to give a faster

medication due to its effectiveness.

A. For the patients who cannot afford to buy expensive medicine. They can

also use the same gumamela ointment in treating different types of skin

problems.
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B. For the farmers, this will help them Increase their income.

C. As for the future researchers, this will serve as their basis which will give

them interest to further expound the knowledge about Gumamela as an

alternative medication for skin.

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CHAPTER II

METHODOLOGY

This chapter will present the design of the study. The researchers design will

serve as a framework on how the study was conducted. It will discuss in detail all

the procedure, statistical treatment, instrumentation and the manner by which the

data were gathered, analyzed and interpreted.

Design

The research design is a quantitative research in which it is used to discuss

the methods available in our study in response to the statement of the problem in

chapter 1 which is directed towards the ability of Gumamela as an anti-inflammatory

agent and for faster wound healing due to it effectiveness. This kind of quantitative

research is experimental because it deals with the medicines that will help to heal

skin problems.
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Research Setting

This study will be conducted at Blk. 8 Lot 1-2, DBP Homes, Purok Malipayon,

Brgy. San Isidro, General Santos City. The collection of data were performed on

March 8, 2019.

Measures

The Gumamela leaves and flower were picked on the garden. We separated

the leaves from flowers and hang it up to dry. After days of air dry, we processed

the gumamela leaves and flowers separately to make an infused oil for preparation

in making an ointment. After we finished making an infused oil, we added beeswax

to solidify the oil. The observation on the wounded and burned rat will be rated.

We observe the healing effect of the gumamela ointment leaves and flower

petal by rating it every day:

CRITERIA FOR RATING:

5 - Fresh wound

4 – 50% dry

3 – 90% dry

2 – Completely dry

1 – Healed
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Observation of lab rats in 5 days to determine the effectiveness of

gumamela leaves and petal ointment in healing a lacerated wound and burned

skin.

Table 1.a

Gumamela Ointment Mean Verbal Descrption

Gumamela Leaves

Gumamela Flower Petals

Total

Table 1.b

Gumamela Ointment Mean Verbal Descrption

Gumamela Leaves

Gumamela Flower Petals

Total
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Table 2

p value Interpretation
Lacerated
Wound
Burn Skin

Operational Definition of Terms

 Hibiscus rosa-sinesis – a species of tropical hibiscus, a flowering plant in

the hibisceae tribe of the family Malvaceae, native to East Asia.

 Wound - an injury to living tissue caused by cut, blow, or other impact,

typically one in which the skin is cut or broken.

 Inflammatory – a local response to cellular injury that is marked by capillary

dilatation, leukocytic infiltration, redness, heat and pain.

 Infuse - soak in liquid to extract the flavor or healing properties. To infuse is

to steep something in a liquid to extract the flavors from it. You'll impress

your friends with your cooking if you infuse rosemary and thyme in broth and

then use the liquid to marinate chicken. To infuse also means to inspire or

fill with a certain quality.

Procedure
In gathering the needed information of the study the researchers will do the

following.

A. Collect any amount of Gumamela flowers and leaves.

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B. Air dry the collected gumamela flowers and leaves for atleast a day.

C. After drying prepare the gumamela leaves and flower for double boiling

with sunflower oil.

D. After 2-3hours of heating take the solution from the pot.

E. Filter the solution with a clean cloth to remove excess leaves and flowers

from the oil.

F. Gather the solution and put it in a clean jar to prevent contamination.

G. Label the jars if it is a gumamela flower oil or gumamela leaves oil.

H. We now have an infused oil

I. After we gather the infused oil, double boil it again and mix the beeswax.

J. After the beeswax dissolves in the hot solution turn off the fire.

K. Put it again in the jar container and set aside for hours.

L. We mix it with beeswax to solidify the gumamela leaves and flowers oil.

M. We now have a gumamela leaves and flower ointment.

Limitations of the Study

The scope of this study is to use Gumamela leaf and flower as alternative

treatment for wounds and burned skin. This study limits on what is more effective

in healing wounds and skin problems either the leaf or the petal.
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Chapter III

Results
Observations were conducted by the researchers while doing the

experiment. Each concentration varies on their effectiveness and characteristics.

Gumamela leaves and flower petal ointment were applied to the skin of a wounded

and burned rats for 5 days and observed every 24 hours at same time.

After the process of making gumamela ointment, the gumamela ointment

leaves and flower petals were applied to the skin of lab rat every day for 5 days and

observed. The two rat were observed in the medium size of aquarium and separate

them in one aquarium. The first rat was wounded at the back portion of their body

and the second rat was burned at the same portion and observe the healing effect

of the ointment.
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Table 3.a Lacerated Wounded Rat

Gumamela Ointment Mean Verbal Descrption

Gumamela Leaves
3.2000
90% dry
Gumamela Flower Petals
2.4000
Completely dry
Total
2.8000

Table 3. b burned skin

Gumamela Ointment Mean Verbal Descrption

Gumamela Leaves
3.0000
90% dry
Gumamela Flower Petals
2.6000
Completely dry
Total
2.8000

Table 4

Difference on the of effectiveness of gumamela ointment using

gumamela flower and leaves.

Skin problems p value Interpretation

Lacerated
Wound .332
There is no Significant Difference
Burn Skin
.720
There is no Significant Difference
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Aside from the observation above, the wounded rat and burned rat is healed

by the help of gumamela ointment. The rats are all in good condition. When we cut

the rats skin, they are in pain but after we put ointment, the rat doesn’t feel too much

pain anymore. They calm their self and rest. Therefore the gumamela ointment is

effective for healing wounds and burned skin.

Discussion

Based on our observation on the healing of lacerated wound on rats and

burned skin on rats, gumamela leaves and gumamela flower ointment can both heal

a lacerated wound and Burned skin but they differ in effectiveness. The table above

shows that Gumamela flower ointment is more effective on healing a wound and

burned skin due to its shorter healing time process.

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CHAPTER IV

Summary

We had successfully produce gumamela ointment out from its leaves and

flower. It is very useful and helpful to many people who cannot afford expensive

medicine. Based on our observation, the different healing time process

determines the effectiveness of the ointment. The homemade ointment can heal

wound and burned skin for atleast 5 days. Gumamela flower ointment is more

effective in healing wounds and burned skin because it has a shorter healing time

process than the gumamela leaves ointment

Conclusion

1. The level of effectiveness of gumamela using leaves has a mean of 3.2 which

is 90% dry and the flower has a mean of 2.4 which is completely dry.

2. There is no significant difference on the level of effectiveness of gumamela leaf

ointment and gumamela flower petal ointment.

Recommendation

1. Making of Gumamela leaves and flower ointment, the researchers

recommended the following:

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• Use only a small amount of beeswax to make a soft gumamela ointment.

• For infused oil, must use a dried flower and leaves to prevent molds.

2. Since the researchers concluded that gumamela flower ountment is more

effective on healing a wound and burned skin, the researchers

recommended the following:

• Produce gumamela oitment since it is cheaper than other healing medicine.

• Use gumamela ointment for healing wound and burned skin, since it is

herbal it has no side effects and has the same or maybe much better

healing effect like other medicinal ointment.

.
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References
Angela. (2015, 5 12). Savvyhomemade. Retrieved from www.savvyhomemade.com/making-
homemade-ointments-and-creams/

annmarie. (n.d.). Retrieved from Hibiscus For Skin, The Natural Firming Plant:
https://www.annmariegianni.com/hibiscus-for-skin-the-natural-firming-plant/

Botany. (2003). Yahoo Answers. Retrieved from

https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090225045811AAXh96m

Karina H. Goldberg, C. F. (2017, 1). ScienceDirect. Retrieved from

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2225411016000213

Nayak, S. (2007). Pub Meb. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/17558005/

Palomo, E. (2009). Home Guides. Retrieved from https://homeguides.sfgate.com/characteristics-

gumamela-93761.html

Philippine Herbal Medicine. (n.d.). Retrieved from

www.philippineherbalmedicine.org/gumamela.htm