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B16-25 Edtn 2007 PDF
B16-25 Edtn 2007 PDF
B16-25 Edtn 2007 PDF
Buttwelding
Ends
A N A M E R I C A N N AT I O N A L STA N DA R D
Buttwelding
Ends
A N A M E R I C A N N AT I O N A L S TA N D A R D
The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2012. There will be no addenda
issued to this edition.
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Copyright © 2008 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All rights reserved
Printed in U.S.A.
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Correspondence With the B16 Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Transition Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3 Welding Bevel Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
4 Preparation of Inside Diameter of Welding End. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
5 Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Figures
1 Maximum Envelope for Welding End Transitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2 Bevels for Wall Thickness Over 3 mm (0.12 in.) to 22 mm (0.88 in.), Inclusive . . . . . . . . 5
3 Weld Bevel Details for Wall Thickness Over 22 mm (0.88 in.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4 Weld Bevel Details for GTAW Root Pass [Wall Thickness Over
3 mm (0.12 in.) to 10 mm (0.38 in.), Inclusive] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5 Weld Bevel Details for GTAW Root Pass [Wall Thickness Over
10 mm (0.38 in.) to 25 mm (1.0 in.), Inclusive] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6 Weld Bevel Details for GTAW Root Pass [Wall Thickness Over
25 mm (1.0 in.)] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Table
1 Dimensions of Welding Ends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Mandatory Appendices
I Inch Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
II References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Nonmandatory Appendix
A Quality System Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
iii
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FOREWORD
In July 1953, the American Welding Society presented a proposal on Welding End Preparation
to Sectional Committee B16 of the American Standards Association (ASA), with the recommenda-
tion that it be considered as a candidate for an American Standard. The proposal was expanded
to include welding preparation for flanges and valves covered by ASA B16.5, Steel Pipe Flanges
and Flanged Fittings, and for fittings covered by ASA B16.9, Buttwelding Fittings. Consideration
was also given to Pipe Fabrication Institute Standard ES-1.
The third draft reviewed by Subcommittee 3, Subgroup 6 (now Subcommittee F) of the
B16 Sectional Committee was forwarded to the Committee, to the cosponsor organizations, and
then to ASA for approval. Final approval was given on September 14, 1955, with the designation
ASA B16.25-1955.
Revisions were developed as a need for clarification and improvements became known, and
were approved as ASA B16.25-1958 and ASA B16.25-1964. After ASA reorganized as the American
National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the Sectional Committee became American National
Standards Committee B16, a further revision was approved as ANSI B16.25-1972.
Subcommittee F immediately began work on a major expansion and updating of the standard,
adding illustrations and requirements for welding end configurations applicable to a number of
specific circumstances, including cast steel and alloy valves. When a draft had been developed that
overcame the many problems and conflicting demands, the Standards Committee, cosecretariat
organizations, and ANSI concurred in approval of ANSI B16.25-1979 on July 18, 1979.
In 1982, American National Standards Committee B16 was reorganized as an ASME committee
operating under procedures accredited by ANSI. In the 1986 edition, inch dimensions were
established as the standard and numerous changes in text and format were made. Notes for
illustrations were also clarified. Following approval by the Standards Committee and ASME,
approval as an American National Standard was given by ANSI on October 8, 1986, with the
new designation ASME/ANSI B16.25-1986.
In 1992, the subcommittee revised the requirements for the preparation of the inside diameter
of welding end. The references in Annex B were also updated. After public review and approval
by ASME, this edition was approved by ANSI on October 26, 1992, with the new designation
ASME B16.25-1992.
In the 1997 edition, metric dimensions were added as an independent but equal standard to
the inch units. An Annex was also added to reference quality system requirements. Following
approval by the Standards Committee and ASME, this revision to the 1992 edition of B16.25 was
approved as an American National Standard by ANSI on April 17, 1997 with the new designation
ASME B16.25-1997.
In the 2003 edition, the reference standard dates were updated. There were clarifications to
text made to address inquiries. Tolerances on bevel angles were modified slightly. Following
approval by the Standards Committee and ASME, this revision to the 1997 edition of B16.25 was
approved as an American National Standard by ANSI on December 17, 2003, with the new
designation ASME B16.25-2003.
In this 2007 edition, buttwelding end data has been extended to cover requirements for sizes
up to NPS 48 (DN 1200). The reference data has been updated and the interpretation section has
been removed from the standard.
This revision was approved as an by American National Standards Institute on August 17, 2007.
Requests for interpretation or suggestions for revision should be sent to the Secretary, B16
Committee, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY
10016-5990.
iv
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ASME B16 COMMITTEE
Standardization of Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Gaskets
(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)
v
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CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE B16 COMMITTEE
General. ASME Standards are developed and maintained with the intent to represent the
consensus of concerned interests. As such, users of this Standard may interact with the Committee
by requesting interpretations, proposing revisions, and attending Committee meetings. Corre-
spondence should be addressed to:
Secretary, B16 Standards Committee
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Three Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016-5990
As an alternative, inquiries may be submitted via e-mail to: SecretaryB16@asme.org.
Proposing Revisions. Revisions are made periodically to the Standard to incorporate changes
that appear necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from the application
of the Standard. Approved revisions will be published periodically.
The Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this Standard. Such proposals should be
as specific as possible, citing the paragraph number(s), the proposed wording, and a detailed
description of the reasons for the proposal, including any pertinent documentation.
Interpretations. Upon request, the B16 Committee will render an interpretation of any require-
ment of the Standard. Interpretations can only be rendered in response to a written request sent
to the Secretary of the B16 Standards Committee.
The request for interpretation should be clear and unambiguous. It is further recommended
that the inquirer submit his/her request in the following format:
Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) and the topic of the inquiry.
Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the Standard for which the interpretation is
being requested.
Question: Phrase the question as a request for an interpretation of a specific requirement
suitable for general understanding and use, not as a request for an approval
of a proprietary design or situation. The inquirer may also include any plans
or drawings, which are necessary to explain the question; however, they
should not contain proprietary names or information.
Requests that are not in this format will be rewritten in this format by the Committee prior
to being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.
ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additional
information that might affect an interpretation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by an
interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not
“approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
Attending Committee Meetings. The B16 Standards Committee regularly holds meetings, which
are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should contact the Secretary of
the B16 Standards Committee.
vi
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ASME B16.25-2007
BUTTWELDING ENDS
1
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ASME B16.25-2007
(b) Components having nominal wall thicknesses a cylindrical surface at the end as shown in Figs. 4
over 3 mm (0.12 in.) to 22 mm (0.88 in.) inclusive shall through 6.
have single angle bevels as illustrated in Fig. 2.
(c) Components having nominal wall thicknesses 4.2 Dimension C
greater than 22 mm (0.88 in.) shall have compound angle Values for dimension C shown in Fig. 2, illustrations
bevels as illustrated in Fig. 3. (c) and (d); Fig. 3, illustrations (c) and (d); and Figs. 5
and 6 can be determined by the following equations:
3.2 Bevels for GTAW Root Pass
(a) Components having nominal wall thicknesses of (SI Units)
3 mm (0.12 in.) and less shall have ends cut square or
C p A − O.D. tolerance − 2 ⴛ tmin − 0.25 (1)
slightly chamfered.
(b) Components having nominal wall thicknesses
(U.S. Customary Units)
over 3 mm (0.12 in.) to 10 mm (0.38 in.) inclusive shall
have 371⁄2-deg ± 21⁄2-deg bevels or slightly concave bevels. C p A − O.D. tolerance − 2 ⴛ tmin − 0.010 (2)
See Fig. 4.
(c) Components having nominal wall thicknesses where
over 10 mm (0.38 in.) to 25 mm (1.0 in.) inclusive shall A p specified outside pipe diameter at
have bevels as shown in Fig. 5. welding end (see para. 3.3)
(d) Components having nominal wall thicknesses O.D. tolerance p undertolerance on the pipe O.D.
greater than 25 mm (1.0 in.) shall have bevels as shown from the applicable piping specifi-
in Fig. 6. cation
tmin p t − manufacturing tolerance for
3.3 Outside Diameter at Welding Ends pipe wall thickness per applicable
Dimension A shall be either that specified in the pipe specification, mm (in.)
applicable component standard or that specified in the t p nominal wall thickness of pipe,
purchaser ’s component specification. In the absence mm (in.)
of a requirement for dimension A in a component stan- 0.25 (0.010) p plus machining tolerance on
dard or a purchaser ’s specification, the values for Bore C, mm (in.)
dimension A in Table 1 or Table I-1 may be used.
Based on tolerances specific to ASTM A 106 and
ASTM A 335 pipe, including an undertolerance on wall
4 PREPARATION OF INSIDE DIAMETER OF thickness of 12.5%, eqs. (1) and (2) can be defined as
WELDING END follows:
2
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ASME B16.25-2007
(b) For components in smaller sizes and lower sched- the measured diameters may vary with orientation. A
ule numbers, it may be necessary to deposit weld metal tolerance of +0.25 mm (+0.010 in.) applies to the average
on the inside diameter (I.D.) or use thicker wall materials C diameter in Figs. 2 and 3, illustrations (c) and (d). A
in order to machine the backing ring while maintaining tolerance of +0.25 mm, −1.02 mm (+0.010 in., −0.040 in.)
required wall thickness. This condition may also arise applies to the average C diameter for Figs. 5 and 6.
when using material whose nominal dimensions indi-
cate sufficient metal but whose actual I.D., considering 5.3 Dimension A
tolerances, is large enough to require additional metal. Unless otherwise specified, the tolerances for dimen-
sion A shall be as follows:
5 TOLERANCES (See Figs. 2, 3, 5, and 6) Size Tolerance
3
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ASME B16.25-2007
45 deg max.
Radius 0.05tmin
Note (3)
30 deg max.
Note (4)
Component or Fitting
tnom tmin Maximum [Note (2)]
Minimum 1.0tmin
30 deg max.
Note (1)
Maximum
slope 1:3
Inside
Radius 0.05tmin
Note (5)
Inside
2tmin transition region
NOTES:
(1) The value of tmin is whichever of the following is applicable:
(a) the minimum ordered wall thickness of the pipe to include pipe that is purchased to a nominal wall thickness with an undertoler-
ance other than 12.5%
(b) 0.875 times the nominal wall thickness of pipe ordered to a pipe schedule wall thickness that has an undertolerance of 12.5%
(c) the minimum ordered wall thickness of the cylindrical welding end of a component or fitting (or the thinner of the two) when the
joint is between two components
(2) The maximum thickness at the end of the components is
(a) the greater of tmin + 4 mm (0.16 in.) or 1.15tmin when ordered on a minimum wall basis
(b) the greater of tmin + 4 mm (0.16 in.) or 1.10tnom when ordered on a nominal wall basis
(3) Weld bevel shown is for illustration only.
(4) The weld reinforcement permitted by applicable code may lie outside the maximum envelope.
(5) Where transitions using maximum slope do not intersect inside or outside surface, as shown by phantom outlines, maximum slopes
shown or alternate radii shall be used.
4
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ASME B16.25-2007
Fig. 2 Bevels for Wall Thickness Over 3 mm (0.12 in.) to 22 mm (0.88 in.), Inclusive
37.5 deg ± 2.5 deg 37.5 deg ± 2.5 deg
A 30 deg max. A
B B
13 (0.5) min.
(a) Welding End Detail for Joint Without Backing Ring (b) Welding End Detail for Joint Using Split
Rectangular Backing Ring
C +0.25, ⫺0 C +0.25, ⫺0
13 (0.5) min. (+0.010, ⫺0) (+0.010, ⫺0)
6 (0.22) min.
30 deg max.
(c) Welding End Detail for Joint Using Continuous (d) Welding End Detail for Joint Using Continuous
Rectangular Backing Ring Tapered Backing Ring
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) Broken lines denote maximum envelope for transitions from welding bevel and root face into body of component. See Fig. 1 for
details.
(b) See section 5 for tolerances other than those given in these illustrations.
(c) Purchase order must specify contour of any backing ring to be used.
(d) Linear dimensions are in millimeters with inch values in parentheses.
NOTES:
(1) Internal surface may be as-formed or machined for dimension B at root face. Contour within the envelope shall be in accordance with
section 2.
(2) Intersections should be slightly rounded.
5
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ASME B16.25-2007
Fig. 3 Weld Bevel Details for Wall Thickness Over 22 mm (0.88 in.)
10 deg ± 2.5 deg 10 deg ± 2.5 deg
Note (2)
37.5 deg ± 2.5 deg 37.5 deg ± 2.5 deg
19 ± 2
(0.75 ± 0.06)
1.6 ± 0.8 19 ± 2 1.6 ± 0.8
(0.06 ± 0.03) (0.75 ± 0.06) (0.06 ± 0.03)
Note (1) A A
30 deg max.
B B
13 (0.5) min.
(a) Welding End Detail for Joint Without Backing Ring (b) Welding End Detail for Joint Using Split
Rectangular Backing Ring
C ⫹0.25, ⫺0 C ⫹0.25, ⫺0
13 (0.5) min. (⫹0.010, ⫺0) (⫹0.010, ⫺0)
30 deg max. 6 (0.22) min.
(c) Welding End Detail for Joint Using Continuous (d) Welding End Detail for Joint Using Continuous
Rectangular Backing Ring Tapered Backing Ring
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) Broken lines denote maximum envelope for transitions from welding bevel and root face into body of component. See Fig. 1 for
details.
(b) See section 5 for tolerances other than those given in these illustrations.
(c) Purchase order must specify contour of any backing ring to be used.
(d) Linear dimensions are in millimeters with inch values in parentheses.
NOTES:
(1) Internal surface may be as-formed or machined for dimension B at root face. Contour within the envelope shall be in accordance with
section 2.
(2) Intersections should be slightly rounded.
6
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ASME B16.25-2007
Alternate
1.6 ± 0.8
(0.06 ± 0.03)
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) This detail applies for gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) of the
root pass where nominal wall thickness is over 3 mm
(0.12 in.) to 10 mm (0.38 in.), inclusive.
(b) Linear dimensions are in millimeters with inch values in
parentheses.
3 (0.12) 0 to 2 (0.06)
5 (0.19) R
Note (1)
30 deg max.
30 deg max.
Type A Type B
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) This detail applies for gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) of the root pass where nominal wall thickness is over 10 mm (0.38 in.) to
25 mm (1.0 in.), inclusive.
(b) Broken lines denote maximum envelope for transitions from welding groove and land into body of component. See Fig. 1 for
details.
(c) See section 5 for tolerances other than those given in these illustrations.
(d) Linear dimensions are in millimeters with inch values in parentheses.
NOTE:
(1) Inside corners should be slightly rounded.
7
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ASME B16.25-2007
Fig. 6 Weld Bevel Details for GTAW Root Pass [Wall Thickness Over 25 mm (1.0 in.)]
3 (0.12) 0 to 2 (0.06)
C ⫹0.25, ⫺1.02
(⫹0.010, ⫺0.040) 5 (0.19) min. C ⫹0.25, ⫺1.02
5 (0.19) min. (⫹0.010, ⫺0.040)
Type A Type B
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) This detail applies for gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) of the root pass where nominal wall thickness is greater than 25 mm (1.0 in.).
(b) Broken lines denote maximum envelope for transitions from welding groove and land into body of component. See Fig. 1 for
details.
(c) See section 5 for tolerances other than those given in these illustrations.
(d) Linear dimensions are in millimeters with inch values in parentheses.
NOTE:
(1) Inside corners should be slightly rounded.
8
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ASME B16.25-2007
9
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ASME B16.25-2007
10
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ASME B16.25-2007
11
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ASME B16.25-2007
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) Dimensions are in millimeters.
(b) See section 5 for tolerances.
NOTES:
(1) Data are from ASME B36.10M or a more precise rounding of the inch dimensions from Table I-1. Data in the table are also applicable
to ASME B36.19M when the wall thickness conforms to ASME B36.10M. Letter designations signify
(a) STD p standard wall thickness
(b) XS p extra strong wall thickness
(c) XXS p double, extra strong wall thickness
(2) Internal machining for continuous backing rings for sizes NPS 2 and smaller is not contemplated. See para. 4.2 for C dimension for
sizes not listed.
12
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ASME B16.25-2007
MANDATORY APPENDIX I
INCH TABLE
This Appendix provides a table (Table I-1) of the standard inch dimensions for fittings.
13
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ASME B16.25-2007
14
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ASME B16.25-2007
15
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ASME B16.25-2007
16
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ASME B16.25-2007
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) Dimensions are in inches.
(b) See section 5 for tolerances.
NOTES:
(1) Data are from ASME B36.10M and are also applicable to ASME B36.19M data when the wall thickness conforms to ASME B36.10M.
Letter designations signify
(a) STD p standard wall thickness
(b) XS p extra strong wall thickness
(c) XXS p double, extra strong wall thickness
(2) Internal machining for continuous backing rings for sizes NPS 2 and smaller is not contemplated. See para. 4.2 for C dimension for
sizes not listed.
17
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ASME B16.25-2007
MANDATORY APPENDIX II
REFERENCES
The following is a list of publications referenced in ASTM A 335/A 335M-06, Specification for Seamless
this Standard. Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
ASTM E 29-06b, Standard Practice for Using Significant
ASME B16.5-2003, Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance With
ASME B16.9-2003, Factory-Made Wrought Buttwelding Specifications
Fittings Publisher: American Society for Testing and Materials
ASME B16.47-1996, Large Diameter Steel Flanges (ASTM), 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken,
ASME B36.10M-2004, Welded and Seamless Wrought PA 19428
Steel Pipe ISO 9000-2000: Quality management systems —
ASME B36.19M-2004, Stainless Steel Pipe Fundamentals and vocabulary
Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical ISO 9001-2000: Quality management systems —
Engineers (ASME), Three Park Avenue, New York, Requirements
NY 10016-5990; Order Department: 22 Law Drive, Box ISO 9004-2000: Quality management systems —
2300, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2300 Guidelines for performance improvement
Publisher: International Organization for
ASTM A 106/A 106M-06a, Specification for Seamless Standardization (ISO), 1 ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Case
Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service postale 56, CH-1211, Genève 20, Switzerland/Suisse
18
Copyright c 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
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ASME B16.25-2007
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A
QUALITY SYSTEM PROGRAM
The products manufactured in accordance with this manufacturer’s quality system program by an indepen-
Standard shall be produced under a quality system pro- dent organization shall be the responsibility of the man-
gram following the principles of an appropriate stan- ufacturer. The detailed documentation demonstrating
dard from the ISO 9000 series.1 A determination of the program compliance shall be available to the purchaser
need for registration and/or certification of the product at the manufacturer ’s facility. A written summary
description of the program utilized by the product man-
ufacturer shall be available to the purchaser upon
1
The series is also available from the American National request. The product manufacturer is defined as the
Standards Institute (ANSI) and the American Society for Quality
Control (ASQC) as American National Standards that are identified
entity whose name or trademark appears on the product
by a prefix “Q” replacing the prefix “ISO.” Each standard of the in accordance with the marking or identification require-
series is listed in Mandatory Appendix II. ments of this Standard.
19
Copyright c 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
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20
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AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PIPING,
PIPE FLANGES, FITTINGS, AND VALVES
The ASME Publications Catalog shows a complete list of all the Standards published by the Society. For a complimentary catalog, or the latest
information about our publications, call 1-800-THE-ASME (1-800-843-2763).
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22
Copyright c 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
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