Design of replaceent scheme of inadequate gusset

To release load from affected joint support system is shifted at about 1.2
m away from the existing support by providing two additional members,
one near vertical connecting End Racker and Bottom Chord, and one
diagonal member connecting End Racker and joint L1. This modified
system is analysed using STAAD for existing Dead Load only. Design of
the new members are appended below.

Excerpt of STAAD analysis:

Stud - member no. 480 Froce = 284.78T Compression
Diagonal - member no. Force = 93.96 Tension

Design of members

Stud
Length = 3.326 M
C/S Area 0.02479 M2
rmin = 0.1264 M
L/r = 26.31
Allowable comp. stress 1400 Kg/Cm2 [ IRC 24 2001 - Table 11.1]
Force = 284.78 T
Stress developed = 1148.77 Kg/Cm2 O.K.

Tension member
Length = 5.326 M
C/S Area 0.009128 M2
Force = 93.96 T
Stress developed = 1029.36 O.K.

Design of Connections
Thickness of Gusset Plate = 25 mm
Bolt used HSFG Bolt Grade 10.9
Bolt Size M 24 Bolt pitch 75 mm Hole size = 26 mm
Area 353 mm^2 Edge dist. 75 mm
fub = 1000 MPa fyb = 810 MPa
Capacity of one bolt in single shear = 0.577x353x1000/1.25 = 162944.80 N
= 16.29 T

Tension capacity of Bolt = Tb = Tnb / gmb

Tnb = 0.9fubAn < fybAsb(gmf / gm0)
gnb = 1.25 gmf = 1.25 gm0 = 1.1

An = 353 mm^2 Asb = 452 mm^2

Tnb = Min(0.9x1000x353 , 810x452(1.25 / 1.1))
= 317700.00 N
= 31.77 T
Tb = 31.77/1.25 = 25.42 T

Bearing Strength of bolt = Vbf <= Vnbf / gmf , Vnbf = 2.5.kb.d.t.fup

Grade of steel used = E250 (Fe 410W)
fup = 410 MPa fyp = 250 MPa
kb = min(e/3d0, p/3d0-.25, fub/fup,1) = 0.71
Vbf = (2.5x0.71x24xtx410)/1.25
Bearing strength
For plate thickness 20 mm 279456.00 N 27.95 T
For plate thickness 12 mm 167673.60 N 16.77 T
So, bolt value for 20Th. Pl. = 16.29 T
So, bolt value for 12Th. Pl. = 16.29 T

Assumed load factor = 1.5

Bolts required to connect stud = 28 Nos.

Bolts required to connect Tension member = 10 Nos.

Design of gusset for joint L0

Forces in members 671.78

L0-U1 284.78 Compression

L0-L1 -93.96 Tension

gm0 = 1.1 fy = 250 Mpa 201.48

75.00

248.17

Gusset plate in compression at stud member

Gusset Pl. thickness = 25 mm L= 300
Whitmore length = 671.78 mm
Ag = 25x671.78 = 16794.5 mm^2
Ig = 874713.5417 874713.5 mm^4
rs = SQRT(874713.5/16794.5)=" 7.2 mm
L/rs = 41.66666667 K = 1
K.L/rs = 41.66666667
l= Ö(fy/fcc ) fcc = p2E/(KL/rs)2 = 1136.98 Mpa
= 0.468914424
a = 0.49
f =0.5[1+a(l-0.2)+l^2] f = 0.675824402

fcd = (fy/gm0)/(f+[f2-l2].5)
195.5 Mpa

PR = 3283324.75 N 328.332 T
Total resistance = 656.664 T
Gusset plate in tension at diagonal member
Gusset Pl. thickness = 25 mm
Whitmore length = 248.17 mm
Gross section yielding resistance
PR = fyAg/gm0
gm0 = 1.1 fy = 250 Mpa Ag = 248.17x25 =
PR = 1410056.818 N, = 141.006 T 6204.25 mm^2

Net section fracture resistance

PR = fufuAnU
gm1 = 1.25 fu = 410 Mpa An = 25x(248.17-4x25.5) =
PR = 1198594 N, = 119.859 T 3654.25 mm^2

Block shear failure

PR = min. of
[Avgfy/(Ö3gmo)+0.9Atnfu/gm1] , [0.9Avnfu/(Ö3gm1+Atgfy/gm0]
Avg = 10074 mm^2 Atg = 1875 mm^2
Avn = 4974 mm^2 Atn = -675 mm^2

PR = min. of 1122610 and 1273874.082

= 1122609.685 N 112.261 T

Gusset plate resistance = 112.261 T

Total resistance = 224.522 T

Design of connection between diagonal member and bottom chord

91
75 91
36

34°
186.5
75

75 75
45.5 45.5
167.90

fy = 250 MPa
Member force = 93.96 T , Tension (Axial) Load factor = 1.5
FactoredVertical component = 78.81 T
Factored Horizontal component = 116.84 T
Factored moment = 4.21 T-M
Bolt dia = Shear capacity = 16.29 T
Tension capacity = 25.42 T
No. Of bolts = 16
Factored shear force per bolt acting at the joint = 116.84/16 = 7.30 T
Factored tension per bolt acting at the joint = 78.81/16 = 4.93 T
r1 = 45.5 r2 = 120.5
2.r1^2 +2. 33181.00 mm^2

Factored tension per bolt acting at the joint due to moment=

1000x116.84x120.5/(4x33181) = 3.82 T
8.75 T
(7.3/16.29)^2 = 0.2
(8.75/25.42)^2 = 0.12
0.32 O.K

Moment developed in bottom chord due to eccentricity of load =

116.84x0.316 = 36.92 T-M
Axial force in bottom chord = 74.27 T, Tension [ STAAD Output, memb - 471]
Shear force in bottom chord = 78.81 T, Tension [ STAAD Output, memb - 471]
16
Area of bottom chord = 0.038944 M^2
Moment of inertia about X-X axis 0.00157466 M^4 20
Section modulus = 0.00498311 M^3 234
Moment of inertia about Y-Y axis 0.00208999 M^4 X -- -- X
632
r,min = 0.201 M

300
Tensile Stress in bottom chord due to axial load
= 190.71 Kg/CM^2
Stress in bottom chord due to moment = 740.9 Kg/CM^2
Shear stress in bottom chord = 389.69 Kg/CM^2
Calculation of Allowable bending comp. Stress
Eff Length within span = 5.948 M Yield Stress of Structural steel = 250.00 MPa
Elastic Critical Stress 'fcb' = k1(X + k2Y)(c2/c1) [Refer Cl. 508.6 of IRC : 24-2001]
k1 = 1 [Table 8.3][There will not be any reduction of flange area]
M.I. Of Comp. Flange = 2x20x250^3/12 + 2x20x250x275^2 = 808333333.33
C.G. of tension flange = 0 M.I. Of tension Flange = 808333333.33
b = 0.5000
k2 = 0 [Table 8.4]
D/Tf = (560+2x20)/20 30 l/ry = 29.59
X = 3098.926109 Y = 3026.18914 [Refer Cl. 508.6.1 of IRC : 24-2001]
c2/c1 = 1
fcb = 3098.926 MPa
 fb = 161.6 MPa = 1648 Kg/Sq.Cm^2
Allowable tensile stress = = 1530 Kg/Sq.Cm^2
Allowable shear stress = = 969 Kg/Sq.Cm^2

Design of support system

Reaction at temporary support = 277.04 T
800

800
332 400x800x25 Th. Pl.

400 300
4 Nos. 300x400x25 Th. Vert. Pl.

234 75 234
82 75
25 25 25 25
VIEW A - A
A A 400x600x25 Th. Pl.
25
300 234 25

B 25 B 400 300
25 4 Nos. 300x400x25 Th. Vert. Pl.
75 82 75
332.00
600 134 134
600

VIEW B - B

C/S area of one vertical = 7500 MM^2

For 4 verticals, area = 30000 MM^2
M.I of one vertical = 390625 MM^4
r= 7.22 l/r = 41.55
Allowable stress = 137.915 Mpa
Permissible load = 4137450 N = 413.745 T O.K.
Pressure on pile cap= 11.54 Mpa

Design of gusset for joint L0

Forces in members
L0-U1 473.06 Compression
L0-L1 -166.13 Tension
1062.83

gm0 = 1.1 fy = 250 Mpa L0-U1

250.00

900.00

885.80
 900.00

885.80

375.00 L0-L1

887.50

Gusset plate in compression at member L0-U1

Gusset Pl. thickness = 20 mm L= 317.42
Whitmore length = 1062.83
Ag = 20x1062.83 = 21256.6 mm^2
Ig = 708553.3333 708553.3 mm^4
rs = SQRT(708553.3/21256.6)=" 5.8 mm
L/rs = 54.72758621 K = 1
K.L/rs = 54.72758621
l= Ö(fy/fcc ) fcc = p2E/(KL/rs)2 = 659.05 Mpa
= 0.615900877
a = 0.49
f =0.5[1+a(l-0.2)+l^2] f = 0.79156266

fcd = (fy/gm0)/(f+[f2-l2].5)
176.35 Mpa

PR = 3748601.41 N 374.86 T
Total resistance = 749.72 T

Gusset plate in tension at member L0-L1

Gusset Pl. thickness = 20 mm
Whitmore length = 885.8 mm
Gross section yielding resistance
PR = fyAg/gm0
gm0 = 1.1 fy = 250 Mpa
Ag = 885.8x20 = 17716 mm^2
PR = 4026363.636 N, = 402.636 T
Net section fracture resistance
PR = fufuAnU
gm1 = 1.25 fu = 410 Mpa
An = 20x(885.8-4x25.5) = 15676 mm^2
PR = 5141728 N, = 514.173 T
Block shear failure
Block shear failure condition will not be critical in this case
Gusset plate resistance = 402.636 T
Total resistance = 805.272 T