FORMULARIO

DENSIDAD DEL GAS

∑ Yi ∗ Mi
𝛾𝑔 =
28.263
DENSIDAD DEL PETROLEO
∑ Yi ∗ Mi
𝛾0 =
18.015
PRESION PROMEDIO

2 𝑃13 − 𝑃23
̅
𝑃= ( 2 )
3 𝑃1 − 𝑃22

PRESION PSUDOCRÍTICA

𝑃𝑠𝑐 = 677 + 15𝛾𝑔 − 37.5𝛾𝑔 2

PRESION PSUDOREDUCIDA
𝑃
𝑃𝑠𝑟 =
𝑃𝑠𝑐
TEMPERATURA PROMEDIO
𝑇
𝑇𝑠𝑟 =
𝑇𝑠𝑐
TEMPERATURA PSUDOCRÍTICA

𝑇𝑠𝑐 = 168 + 325𝛾𝑔 − 12.5𝛾𝑔 2

TEMPERATURA PSUDOREDUCIDA
𝑇
𝑇𝑠𝑟 =
𝑇𝑠𝑐
PUNTO DE BURBUJEO

0.83
𝑅𝑠𝑏
𝑃𝑏 = 18 [ ] ∗ 10𝛾𝑔
𝛾𝑔

SOLUBILIDAD DEL GAS

1.2048
𝑃 (0.0125∗𝐴𝑃𝐼)−(0.00091∗𝑇)
𝑅𝑠 = 𝛾𝑔 [( + 1.4) ∗ 10 ]
18.2
FACTOR VOLUMÉTRICO DEL PETROLEO

𝐵𝑜𝑏 = 0.9759 + 12 ∗ 10−5 ∗ 𝐹1.2

𝛾𝑔
𝐹 = 𝑅𝑠𝑏√ + 1.25 ∗ 𝑇
𝛾0

COMPRESIBILIDAD ISOTERMICA DEL PETROLEO

−1433 + 5 ∗ 𝑅𝑠 + 17.2 ∗ 𝑇 − 1180 ∗ 𝛾𝑔 + 12.61 ∗ 𝐴𝑃𝐼

𝐶𝑜 =
𝑃 ∗ 105
FACTOR VOLUMÉTRICO

𝐵𝑜 = 𝐵𝑜𝑏 ∗ 𝑒𝑥𝑝[𝐶𝑜(𝑃𝑏 − 𝑃)]

𝑧𝑇
𝐵𝑔 = 0.00503 ∗
𝑃
VISCOSIDAD

𝜇𝑜𝑑 = 10𝑥 − 1
𝑧 = 3.0324 − 0.02023 ∗ °𝐴𝑃𝐼
𝑦 = 10 𝑧

𝑥 = 𝑦 ∗ 𝑇 −1.163

𝜇𝑜𝑏 = 𝑎(𝜇𝑜𝑑 )𝑏

𝑎 = 10.715 ∗ (𝑅𝑠 + 100)−0.515

𝑏 = 5.44 ∗ (𝑅𝑠 + 150)−0.338

𝑃 𝑚
𝜇𝑜 = 𝜇𝑜𝑏 ( )
𝑃𝑏
−5 ∗𝑝)
𝑚 = 2.6 ∗ 𝑝1.187 𝑒 (−11.513−8.98∗10
DENSIDAD

350 ∗ 𝛾𝑜 + 0.0764 ∗ 𝛾𝑔 ∗ 𝑅𝑠
𝜌𝑜 =
5.615 ∗ 𝐵𝑜
12.5 + 𝐴𝑃𝐼
𝛾𝑔𝑑 = − 3.5715 ∗ 10−6 ∗ 𝐴𝑃𝐼 ∗ 𝑅𝑠
50
𝜌𝑜 = 𝜌𝑜𝑏∗ 𝑒𝑥𝑝[𝐶𝑜(𝑃𝑏 − 𝑃)]
FACTOR VOLUMETRICO TOTAL

𝐵𝑡 = 𝐵𝑜 − 𝐵𝑔(𝑅𝑠𝑏 − 𝑅𝑠)
CORRECCIÓN POR CONTENIDO DE GASES ÁCIDOS

𝑇𝑐 ′ = 𝑇𝑠𝑐 − 𝜀
𝑃𝑠𝑟 ∗ 𝑇𝑐′
𝑃𝑐 ′ =
𝑇𝑠𝑐 + 𝐵 ′ (1 − 𝐵 ′ ) ∗ 𝜀

SEGÚN WEYMOUNTH
16⁄ 0.5
𝑇𝑆𝐶 (𝑃12 − 𝑃22 )𝐷 3
𝑄𝑠𝑐 = 31.5027 ( ) ( )
𝑃𝑆𝐶 𝛾𝑔 𝑍̅𝑇̅𝐿

∆𝑃 = 𝑃1 − 𝑃2
 𝑇𝑆𝐶 = 527.67
𝑃𝑆𝐶 = 14.696
𝐷 = ′′
𝐿 = 𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑠 → 1𝑘𝑚 = 3280.84𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑠
1𝑘𝑚 = 3280.84𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑠
𝑇 = °𝑅
𝑄𝑠𝑐 = 𝑀𝑠𝑐𝑓𝑑
𝑚3
𝑄𝑠𝑐 : 84000 = 71194.37 𝑀𝑠𝑐𝑓𝑑
ℎ
𝑃 = 𝑃𝑠𝑖 → 49 𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 720.1 𝑃𝑠𝑖
PANHANDLE A
0.5394
𝑇𝑆𝐶 1.07881 (𝑃12 − 𝑃22 ) 1 0.46060 𝐷 2.42695
𝑄𝑠𝑐 = 32.6491 ( ) ( ) ( ) ∗ 0.07881
𝑃𝑆𝐶 𝑍̅𝑇̅𝐿 𝐺 𝜇𝐺

∆𝑃 = 𝑃1 − 𝑃2
𝑃𝑆𝐶 ∗ 𝑄𝑆𝐶 ∗ 𝛾𝑔
𝑅𝑒 = 710.39 ∗
𝑇𝑆𝐶 ∗ 𝜇𝑔 ∗ 𝐷
0.0768
𝑓𝑚 =
𝑅𝑒 0.1461
PANHANDLE B
0.51
𝑇𝑆𝐶 1.02 (𝑃12 − 𝑃22 ) 1 0.49 𝐷 2.53
𝑄𝑠𝑐 = 109.364 ( ) ( ) ( ) ∗ 0.02
𝑃𝑆𝐶 𝑍̅𝑇̅𝐿 𝐺 𝜇𝐺

∆𝑃 = 𝑃1 − 𝑃2
0.00359
𝑓𝑚 =
𝑅𝑒 0.03922
ECUACION AGA (AMERICAN GAS ASSOCIATION)
0.5
𝑇𝑆𝐶 (𝑃12 − 𝑃22 )𝐷 5
𝑄𝑠𝑐 = 38.77 ( ) ( )
𝑃𝑆𝐶 𝑓𝑇 𝐺𝑍̅𝑇̅𝐿𝑚

1 3.7 ∗ 𝐷
√ = 4 log10 ( )
𝑓𝑇 𝜀

∆𝑃 = 𝑃1 − 𝑃2
ECUACION DE SUKKAR E CORNELL
6.7393 ∗ 10−3 ∗ 𝑓𝑚 ∗ 𝐿 ∗ 𝑄𝑠𝑐2
∗ 𝑇̅ 2
𝐵=
𝑧𝐷 5
𝐵 ∗ 𝑍 2 = 1413873922
2 ∗ 0.1875 ∗ 𝛾𝑔 ∗ 𝑧
𝑆 = (− )
𝑍̅ ∗ 𝑇̅
2∗0.1875∗𝛾𝑔 ∗𝑧
𝑃2 = √(𝑃12 + 𝐵 ∗ 𝑍 2 ) ∗ 𝑒
(− )
𝑍̅∗𝑇̅ − 𝐵𝑍 2
ECUACION DE CULLENDER Y SMITH
0.01875 ∗ 𝐺 ∗ 𝑧
𝑆=
𝑍̅ ∗ 𝑇̅
6.7393 ∗ 10 −3
∗ 2
𝑓𝑚 ∗ 𝐿 ∗ 𝑄𝑠𝑐 ∗ 𝑍̅ 2 ∗ 𝑇̅ 2 (𝑒 𝑠 − 1)
𝑃12 = 𝑒 𝑠 ∗ 𝑃22 +
𝑧𝐷 5

𝜋 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝑔
𝐴𝑅𝐸𝐴 = 4 ∗ 𝐷 2 𝐺= 𝐴
+ 𝐴
𝑚𝑔
𝑋=𝑚
𝑔 +𝑚𝐿
𝐺 ∗ (1 − 𝑋) ∗ 𝐷
𝑅𝑒𝐿 =
𝜇𝐿
ECUACION DE BLASIUS
𝑓𝑙 = 0.079 ∗ 𝑅𝑒𝐿 −0.25
VELOCIDAD SUPERFICIAL DEL LÍQUIDO
𝑚𝐿
𝑉𝑆𝐿 =
𝜌𝐿 ∗ 𝐴
GRADIENTE DE PRESION (LÍQUIDO)
∆𝑃 2 ∗ 𝑓𝑙 ∗ 𝜌𝐿 ∗ 𝑉𝑆𝐿 2
( )=
∆𝐿 𝐷
GAS
𝐺∗𝑋∗𝐷
𝑅𝑒𝐺 =
𝜇𝐺
ECUACION DE BLASIUS
𝑓𝐺 = 0.079 ∗ 𝑅𝑒𝐺 −0.25
VELOCIDAD SUPERFICIAL DEL GAS
𝑚𝐺
𝑉𝑆𝐺 =
𝜌𝐺 ∗ 𝐴
GRADIENTE DE PRESION (GAS)
∆𝑃 2 ∗ 𝑓𝐺 ∗ 𝜌𝐺 ∗ 𝑉𝑆𝐺 2
( ) =
∆𝐿 𝐺 𝐷
APLICANDO EL MÉTODO DE LOCKART Y MARTINELLI
7 1
(∆ ) 1−𝑋 4 𝜇 4 𝜌
𝑋= √(∆ 𝑃) 𝐿 𝑋𝑇𝑇 = √( ) ∗ ( 𝐿 ) ∗ 𝐺
𝑃 𝐺 𝑋 𝜇𝐺 𝜌𝐿

GRADIENTE DE PRESION TOTAL

𝑑𝑝 𝑑𝑝 𝐶 1 𝑑𝑝
( ) = (1 + 𝐶 ∗ 𝑋𝑇𝑇 ∗ 𝑋𝑇𝑇 2 ) ( ) = (1 + + 2 )∗( )
𝑑𝐿 𝑇 𝑑𝐿 𝐺 𝑋𝑇𝑇 𝑋𝑇𝑇 𝑑𝐿 𝐿

CHISHOLM
LÍQUIDO
𝐺∗𝐷 0.079
𝑅𝑒𝐿𝑂 = 𝜇𝐿
𝑓𝐿𝑂 = 1
𝑅𝑒𝐿𝑂 4
𝑑𝑝 2 ∗ 𝑓𝐿𝑂 ∗ 𝐺 2
( ) =
𝑑𝐿 𝐿𝑂 𝐷 ∗ 𝜌𝐿

GAS
𝐺∗𝐷 0.079
𝑅𝑒𝐺𝑂 = 𝜇𝐺
𝑓𝐺𝑂 = 1
𝑅𝑒𝐺𝑂 4
𝑑𝑝 2 ∗ 𝑓𝐺𝑂 ∗ 𝐺 2
( ) =
𝑑𝐿 𝐺𝑂 𝐷 ∗ 𝜌𝐺
0.5
𝑑𝑝
( )
𝑑𝐿 𝐿𝑂
𝑟=
𝑑𝑝
( )
( 𝑑𝐿 𝐺𝑂 )
520
𝐵=
(𝑟 ∗ 𝐺 0.5 )
 𝑑𝑝
( )
𝑑𝐿 𝑇 2−𝑛 2−𝑛
= 1 + (𝑟 2 − 1) ∗ [𝐵 ∗ 𝑋 2 ∗ (1 − 𝑋) 2 + 𝑋 2−𝑛 ]
𝑑𝑝
( )
𝑑𝐿 𝐿𝑂
𝑑𝑝 𝑑𝑝
( ) = 18.69 ∗ ( )
𝑑𝐿 𝑇 𝑑𝐿 𝐿𝑂

FRIEDEL

𝐹 = 𝑋 0.78 ∗ (1 − 𝑋)0.224

𝜌𝐿 0.91 𝜇𝐺 0.19 𝜇𝐺 0.19

𝐻= ( ) ∗( ) ∗ (1 − )
𝜌𝐺 𝜇𝐿 𝜇𝐿

𝑑𝑝
( )
𝑑𝐿 𝐺𝑂
𝐸 = (1 − 𝑋)2 + 𝑋 2 ∗
𝑑𝑝
( )
𝑑𝐿 𝐿𝑂

𝑋 1 − 𝑋 −1
𝜌𝐻 = ( + )
𝜌𝐺 𝜌𝐿
4
𝑃𝑎 ∗ (𝜌𝐿 ∗ (1 − 𝑋) − 𝜌𝐺 ∗ 𝑋)
𝜎=[ 𝑀 ]
1000

𝑃𝑎 = 523.2
𝐺2 ∗ 𝐷
𝑊𝑒𝐻 =
𝜎 ∗ 𝜌𝐻
𝐺2
𝐹𝑟𝐻 =
𝑔 ∗ 𝐷 ∗ 𝜌𝐻 2
𝑑𝑝
( )
𝑑𝐿 𝑇 3.24 ∗ 𝐹 ∗ 𝐻
=𝐸+
𝑑𝑝 𝐹𝑟𝐻 0.045 ∗ 𝑊𝑒𝐻 0.035
( )
𝑑𝐿 𝐿𝑂
 𝑑𝑝 𝑑𝑝
( ) = 22.243 ∗ ( )
𝑑𝐿 𝑇 𝑑𝐿 𝐿𝑂

MULLER – STEINHAGEN E HECK

0.079 0.079
𝐹𝐿𝑂 = 1 𝑓𝐺𝑂 = 1
𝑅𝑒𝐿𝑂 4 𝑅𝑒𝐺𝑂 4
𝑑𝑝 2 ∗ 𝐺2
( ) = 𝐹𝐿𝑂 ∗ =𝐴
𝑑𝐿 𝐿𝑂 𝐷 ∗ 𝜌𝐿
𝑑𝑝 2 ∗ 𝐺2
( ) = 𝐹𝐺𝑂 ∗ =𝐵
𝑑𝐿 𝐺𝑂 𝐷 ∗ 𝜌𝐺
𝛽 = 𝐴 + 2 ∗ (𝐵 − 𝐴) ∗ 𝑋
𝑑𝑝 1
( ) = 𝛽 ∗ (1 − 𝑋)𝐶𝑚𝑆 + 𝐵 ∗ 𝑋 𝐶𝑚𝑠
𝑑𝐿 𝑇

HOMOGENEO CON VISCOSIDAD HOMOGENEA CALCULADO SEGÚN

CICHHITI
𝑉𝑠𝐺
𝛼=
𝑉𝑠𝐿 + 𝑉𝑠𝐺

𝜇𝑇 = 𝑋 ∗ 𝜇𝐺 + (1 − 𝑋) ∗ 𝜇𝐿

𝐺∗𝐷
𝑅𝑒𝑇 =
𝜇𝑇

𝑓𝑇 = 0.079 ∗ 𝑅𝑒𝑇 −0.25

𝜌𝑇 = 𝛼 ∗ 𝜌𝐺 + (1 − 𝛼) ∗ 𝜌𝐿

𝑑𝑝
( ) = 𝜌𝑇 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ sin 𝜃
𝑑𝐿 𝐺𝑅𝐴𝑉𝐼𝑇𝐴𝐶𝐼𝑂𝑁𝐴𝐿

𝑑𝑝 2 ∗ 𝑓𝑇 ∗ 𝐺 2
( ) =
𝑑𝐿 𝐹𝑅𝐼𝐶𝐶𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝐷 ∗ 𝜌𝑇

𝑑𝑉𝐺 𝑀
=−
𝑑𝑃 𝑅 ∗ 𝑇 ∗ 𝜌𝐺 2

𝑑𝑝 𝑑𝑉𝐺 𝑑𝑝
( ) = 𝐺 2 ∗ [𝑋 ∗ ∗( ) ]
𝑑𝐿 𝐴𝐶𝐸𝐿𝐸𝑅𝐴𝐶𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑑𝑃 𝑑𝐿 𝑇
 𝑑𝑝 𝑑𝑝 𝑑𝑝 𝑑𝑝
−( ) =( ) +( ) +( )
𝑑𝐿 𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 𝑑𝐿 𝐹𝑅𝐼𝐶𝐶𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑑𝐿 𝐴𝐶𝐸𝐿𝐸𝑅𝐴𝐶𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑑𝐿 𝐺𝑅𝐴𝑉𝐼𝑇𝐴𝐶𝐼𝑂𝑁𝐴𝐿

Tema 3
141.5
𝛾𝑜 =
°𝐴𝑃𝐼 + 131.5
1
𝑟𝑒 = 0.571 ∗ 𝐴2
1.2048
𝑃
𝑅𝑠 = 𝛾𝑔 [( + 1.4) ∗ 10(0.0125∗𝐴𝑃𝐼)−(0.00091∗𝑇) ]
18.2
1.2
𝛾𝑔
𝐵𝑜𝑏 = 0.9759 + 12 ∗ 10−5 ∗ (𝑅𝑠√ + 1.25 ∗ 𝑇)
𝛾0

−1433 + 5 ∗ 𝑅𝑠 + 17.2 ∗ 𝑇 − 1180 ∗ 𝛾𝑔 + 12.61 ∗ 𝐴𝑃𝐼

𝐶𝑜 =
𝑃 ∗ 105
𝐵𝑜 = 𝐵𝑜𝑏 ∗ 𝑒𝑥𝑝[𝐶𝑜(𝑃 − 𝑃𝑏)]
𝐵𝑜 + 𝐵𝑜𝑏
̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝑜 =
2
𝜇𝑜𝑑 = 10𝑥 − 1
𝑧 = 3.0324 − 0.02023 ∗ °𝐴𝑃𝐼
𝑦 = 10 𝑧
𝑥 = 𝑦 ∗ 𝑇 −1.163

𝜇𝑜𝑏 = 𝑎(𝜇𝑜𝑑 )𝑏

𝑎 = 10.715 ∗ (𝑅𝑠 + 100)−0.515

𝑏 = 5.44 ∗ (𝑅𝑠 + 150)−0.338
𝑃 𝑚
𝜇𝑜 = 𝜇𝑜𝑏 ( )
𝑃𝑏
−5 ∗𝑝)
𝑚 = 2.6 ∗ 𝑝1.187 𝑒 (−11.513−8.98∗10
𝜇𝑜 + 𝜇𝑜𝑏
𝜇𝑜 =
̅̅̅
2
7.08 ∗ 10−3 ∗ ℎ ∗ 𝐾(𝑃𝑤𝑠 − 𝑃𝑤𝑓𝑠)
𝑞0 = 𝑟𝑒 = 𝑏𝑝𝑑
𝜇𝑜 ∗ ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅ 𝐵𝑜 (ln (𝑟𝑤 ) − 0.75 + 𝑠 + 𝑎′𝑞)

𝑞 𝑏𝑝𝑑
𝐽= =
(𝑃𝑤𝑠 − 𝑃𝑤𝑓𝑠) 𝑙𝑝𝑐

7.08 ∗ 10−3 ∗ ℎ ∗ 𝐾(𝑃𝑤𝑠 − 𝑃𝑤𝑓𝑠)

𝑞0 ′ = 𝑟𝑒
𝜇𝑜 ∗ ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅ 𝐵𝑜 (ln (𝑟𝑤) − 0.75)
𝑞
𝐽′ =
(𝑃𝑤𝑠 − 𝑃𝑤𝑓𝑠)
 𝐽
𝐸𝐹 = ∗ 100%
𝐽′
𝑃𝑤𝑠 − 𝑞
𝑝𝑤𝑓𝑠 =
𝐽′
𝑞0
𝑞0 𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
𝑃𝑤𝑓 𝑃𝑤𝑓 2
1 − 0.2 ( 𝑃𝑤𝑠 ) − 0.8 ( 𝑃𝑤𝑠 )

𝑃𝑤𝑓 𝑃𝑤𝑓 2
𝑞0 = 𝑞0 𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∗ [1 − 0.2 ( ) − 0.8 ( ) ]
𝑃𝑤𝑠 𝑃𝑤𝑠

7.08 ∗ 10−3 ∗ ℎ ∗ 𝐾(𝑃𝑤𝑠 − 𝑃𝑤𝑓𝑠)

𝑞𝑏 = 𝑟𝑒
𝜇𝑜 ∗ ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅ 𝐵𝑜 (ln (𝑟𝑤) − 0.75 + 𝑠)
𝑞𝑏
𝐽=
(𝑃𝑤𝑠 − 𝑃𝑤𝑓𝑠)
𝐽 ∗ 𝑃𝑏
𝑞𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑞𝑏 +
1.8
𝑞0 = 𝐽 ∗ (𝑃𝑤𝑠 − 𝑃𝑤𝑓𝑠)

𝑃𝑤𝑓𝑠 𝑃𝑤𝑓𝑠 2
𝑞0 = 𝑞𝑏 + (𝑞𝑚𝑎𝑥 − 𝑞𝑏 ) ∗ [1 − 0.2 ( ) − 0.8 ( ) ]
𝑃𝑤𝑠 𝑃𝑤𝑠