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Analysis of Peb
Analysis of Peb
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Table No. I
Spacing No. Of Weight/ Total
(m) Frames Frame (KN)
(KN)
8 11 782 8602
8.88 10 805 8050
10 9 948 8537
10.425 8 1046 8374
13.33 7 1218 8528
Fig. 1 Pre-Engineered steel frame.
In this present work, Staad Pro software has This paper is a comparative study of PEB
been used in order to analyze and design Pre- concept and CSB concept. The study is
engineered building structures and conventional achieved by designing a typical frame of a
proposed Industrial Warehouse building using
structures. They have considered 3 examples.
both the concepts and analyzing the designed
I. In the first example, a 3D model of a
frames using the structural analysis and design
Hostel building has been designed and
software Staad.Pro.
compared with conventional structure
using conventional steel. It is seen that
Table No. II
the weight of tapered PEB sections are
369.24kN whereas for conventional SR. Description PEB CSB
building, it is found to be 491.64 KN NO.
Pre-Engineered Building weighs 25% 1 Support 355.47 375.58
less than that of conventional building. reaction(KN)
II. In the second example, a 2D plane 2 Max 1.86 8.61
frame of width 44m for both PEB and deflection(mm)
conventional has been designed and 3 Max shear 340.94 453.98
comparison has been made in terms of force(KN)
weight of steel. PEB structure is 4 Max 888.97 908.57
designed for a clear span of 44m moment(KN)
without any column in between, as not
in case of conventional frame, where it III. OBJECTIVES
is not possible to provide a clear span A. Pre Engineered Buildings
truss and hence an interior column is Presently, large column free area is the utmost
provided. It is noticed that, even though requirement for any type of industry and with
PEB structures provides clear span, it the advent of computer software’s it is now
weighs 10% lesser than that of easily possible. With the improvement in
conventional buildings. technology, computer software’s have
III. In the third example, a 2D plane frame contributed immensely to the enhancement of
of width 80m has been designed with quality of life through new researches. Pre-
tapered sections for PEB. This frame engineered building (PEB) is one of such
revolution. "Pre-engineered buildings" are fully
fabricated in the factory after designing, then
transported to the site in completely knocked reducing cost, while all the other points are
down (CKD) condition and all components are self-explanatory.
assembled and erected with nut-bolts, thereby
reducing the time of completion. APPLICATIONS
Pre-Engineered Building concept have wide
B. Advantages of PEB applications including warehouses, factories,
Following are some of the advantages Pre- offices, workshops, gas stations, showrooms,
engineered building structures vehicle parking sheds, aircraft hangars, metro
a. Construction Time: Buildings are generally stations, schools, recreational buildings, indoor
constructed in just 6 to 8 weeks after stadium roofs, outdoor stadium canopies,
approval of drawings. PEB will thus reduce railway platform shelters, bridges, auditoriums,
total construction time of the project by at etc.
least 40%. This allows faster occupancy and PEB structures can also be designed as re-
earlier realization of revenue. This is one of locatable structures.
the main advantages of using Pre-
engineered building. PERFORMANCE
b. Lower Cost: Because of systems approach, All components of the PEB system are
considerable saving is achieved in design, specially designed to act together as a system
manufacturing and erection cost. for highest efficiency. PEB designs are revised
c. Flexibility of Expansion: As discussed regularly with respect to the actual field
earlier, these can be easily expanded in conditions and in accordance with various
length by adding additional bays. Also country codes, which resulted in improved
expansion in width and height is possible by standardized designs leading to high
pre designing for future expansion. performance of the structure. CSB system
d. Large Clear Spans: Buildings can be components are conventionally designed for a
supplied to around 90m clear spans. This is specific project and the performance depends
one of the most important advantages of on how the individual project is designed.
PEB giving column free space.
e. Quality Control: Buildings are IV. METHODOLOGY
manufactured completely in the factory I. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF PEB
under controlled conditions, and hence the In this present work, Staad Pro software has
quality can be assured. been used in order to analyze and design Pre-
f. Low Maintenance: PEB Buildings have engineered building structures and conventional
high quality paint systems for cladding and structures. In the first example, a 2D plane
steel to suit ambient conditions at the site, frame of length 80 m, width 30m and bay
which in turn gives long durability and low spacing 6 m for both PEB and Conventional
maintenance coats. has been designed and comparison has been
g. Energy Efficient Roofing: Buildings are made in terms of weight of steel. In the second
supplied with polyurethane insulated panels example, a 2D plane frame of length 80 m,
or fiberglass blankets insulation to achieve width 30m and bay spacing 8 m has been
required “U” values (overall heat transfer designed with tapered sections for PEB, this
coefficient). example is not solved with conventional
h. Erection: Steel members are brought to site sections as it is neither possible by using only
in CKD conditions, thereby avoiding conventional steel sections nor it is economical.
cutting and welding at site. As PEB sections This frame has been designed for different bay
are lighter in weight, the small members spacing to choose the most economical.
can be very easily assembled, bolted and
raised with the help of cranes. This allows a. Structural Analysis and Design
very fast construction and reduces wastage STAAD Pro software can be used for analyzing
and labor requirement. From the numerous and designing of the pre-engineered buildings.
advantages of Pre-engineered building, in It gives the Bending Moment, Axial Forces,
the present study, the point b is considered Shear Forces, Torsion, Beam Stresses of a steel
for the study, i.e. to save the steel and
structure so that the design can be done using Sidewall grits- Continuous
tapered sections and check for the safety. End wall grits- Continuous
b. Static Analysis Purlin Type-
In the present work, using the Staad Pro Roof Purlin- Continuous
software, 2D analysis has been done using Spacing- 1.5m c/c
Stiffness Matrix Method. All the components of Panel Type-
Pre-engineered building are tapered using the Roof- Galvanized sheet.
in-built option of the Software. The software
provides options for hinged, fixed, and spring V. DISCUSSION
supports with releases so as to analyze as per Pre-Engineered Buildings have vast advantages
our requirement. Herein this work, fixed over the Conventional Steel Buildings. The
supports are assigned to the structures. It also results of the software analysis and literature
facilitates Linear, P-Delta Analysis, and Non- studies conducted for both the concepts suggest
Linear Analysis with automatic load and the same. The various inferences made from the
stiffness correction. Multiple Analyses can also studies are described below.
be done simultaneously which reduces the time.
It also has an option of assigning members as a. Material Take off
tension only members and compression-only PEB structures are lighter than CSB structures.
members for truss structures. b. Design
Dynamic Analysis PEB design is rapid and efficient compared
Dynamic analysis has been done in the present CSB design. Basic design steps are followed
work taking wind loads into consideration. The and optimization of materials while software
software provides automatic load generation for analysis is possible for PEB, increasing the
wind forces, however, the wind loads are quality of design. CSB design is done with
calculated manually for the present work as per fewer design aids and each project needs to
IS codes. The software also provides Loading develop the designs which require more time.
for Joints; Members/Elements including Connection design is also lesser for PEB when
concentrated, Uniform, Linear, Trapezoidal, measured up to CSB.
Temperature, Strain, Support Displacement, c. Foundation
Prestressed and Fixed end Loads. It also Support reaction for PEB is much lesser than
provides the facility of Combination of CSB as per the analysis. Hence, light weight
Dynamic forces with Static loading for foundation can be adopted for PEB which leads
subsequent design. to simplicity in design and reduction is cost of
construction of foundation. Heavy foundation
II. EXAMPLE 1- INDUSTRIAL SHED will be required for CSB structure.
a. Statement of the Problem d. Erection
In this Example a comparison of 2D Plane Steel members are brought to site in CKD
Frame is made for both pre-engineered building conditions, thereby avoiding cutting and
and conventional type. The plane frame is welding at site. As PEB sections are lighter in
having width 30 m and bay spacing 6 m and weight, the small members can be very easily
eave height 6 m, subjected to wind load. A 5- assembled, bolted and raised with the help of
Ton Crane System is considered. cranes. This allows very fast construction and
Main Frame- reduces wastage and labor requirement. From
Frame Type - Clear Span, Rigid Frame. the numerous advantages of Pre-engineered
Support- Pinned building, in the present study, the point b is
Building Width (W) – 30 m (O/O Steel considered for the study, i.e. to save the steel
Columns) and reducing cost, while all the other points are
Building Length (L) –80 m (O/O Steel self-explanatory.
Columns)
Bay Spacing- 11 @ 6 m e. Lower Cost
Eaves height- 6 m Because of systems approach, considerable
Roof Slope- 1 in10 saving is achieved in design, manufacturing and
Grits Type- erection cost.
VI. CONCLUSION
This paper tells us about Design of PEB
structure by simple method using IS codes. It
also tell us the benefits of PEB structures than
other structure
VII.REFERENCES
i. Dr. N. Subramanian, ‘Design of steel
structures’
ii. Dr. N. Subramanian (2008), “Pre-
engineered Buildings Selection of
Framing System, Roofing and Wall
Materials”, The Master builder, pp. 48-
6.
iii. IS : 800 - 2007 :- General Construction
In Steel - Code of Practice.
iv. IS : 875 (Part 1) - 1987 :- Code of
Practice for Design Loads (Other Than
Earthquake) for Buildings and
Structures- Dead Loads.
v. IS : 875 (Part 2) - 1987 :- Code of
Practice for Design Loads (Other Than
Earthquake) for Buildings And
Structures- Live Loads.