Approval

Title : English Language Modules

The author : Erfin Indaroini, S. Pd
Duty : English Teacher
Office : Madrasah Aliyah Bilingual Kota Batu

Batu, 1 Juli 2015

Approved by
The Principal The author

Drs. Farhadi, M. Si Erfin Indaroini, S. Pd

NIP. 196703231996031001

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 Preface
The author is thankful to God the Almighty as she could finish preparing English language modules as a little
piece of contribution to the teaching and learning English.

The author would like to thank her family for the original impetus from which this course came and her
colleagues for their supports of the writing thereof.

This course is structured to complement the needs of teaching and learning English especially on speaking
skill.

The objective of teaching and learning English is to enable students to communicate in English. In this era of
globalization, English indeed has become an important means of communication.

Considering this, each module consists of listening and speaking activities, followed by a number of excercises
which focus on speaking skill. Explanation on structure is given in a simple way. When necessary, teachers
should give additional explanation. The tasks should be done in exercise book.

The author hopes this course can help teachers and students to achieve the goals of teaching and learning
English especially on speaking.

The author also highly appreciates those who are willing to give her constructive and positive inputs or
suggestions for the betterment of this course.

Batu, Juli 2015

Th author

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 CONTENTS
Chapter Topic Page

Approval 1
Preface 2

1 Making an appointment 4
2 Talking about feeling and health 6
3 Invitations 8
4 Expressing gratitude 12
5 Apologizing 15
6 Shopping 18
7 Asking and giving directions 24
8 Getting people’s attention and interrupting 27
9 Agreeing and disagreeing 31
10 Asking and giving suggestions 34
11 Offering 36
12 Requesting and Asking for help 38
13 Talking about past 41
14 Talking about future 45
15 Food and drink (eating out) 46
16 Education 52
17 Entertainment 57
18 Life and death 59
19 Interests and sport 65
20 Some easy ways to ask and answer common questions in English 70
References 71

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1. Making an appointment
A. Making an appointment / arranging a meeting.
 Hello, I’d like to make an appointment with ....
 Good morning, I’d like to meet ....
 Good afternoon. I’d like to make a reservation for tonight, please.
 Can I book a table for two for lunch on Friday?
 I called you yesterday to make an appointment with your accountant.
 I need to see Dr. Taylor.
 Can we fix a meeting?
 Can we have a meeting next month?
 Would you like to meet for lunch?
B. Arranging a time
 Could you manage sometime next week?
 When would suit you?
 When is good for you?
 Are you free on .....?
 I’m free on Tuesday. Is that convenient for you?
 How would Tuesday suit you?
 Shall we say 2 o’clock?
 May I see him at 3 o’clock in the afternoon tomorrow?
 Could I come at one o’clock?
 Is tomorrow a possibility?
 How about 10.30 tomorrow morning?
 Is seven o’clock OK for you?
C. Cancelling
 Can we rearrange our appointment? Something has come up. I have to .....
 Unfortunately, I have to cancel our meeting on Tuesday.
 Could we reschedule / rearrange it for Friday?
 Could we make it Friday instead?
 Could we postpone it to Saturday?
 Could we bring it forward to Monday?
D. Saying “Yes”
 Of course, Mr. .... will be happy to meet you.
 Mr. .... will be pleased to meet you.
 Yes, I can make Tuesday.
 OK. Tuesday would be fine.
 Great. Tuesday would suit me.
 OK.
 Yes, that’s fine.
E. Saying “No”
 Sorry to make you disappointed. Mr. .... is in his office from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. today.
 I’m sorry, he is not in at the moment. But he will be in the office from nine to to four in the afternoon
tomorrow.
 I’m going to be in the meeting till 6 p.m.
 I’m afraid I have a meeting.
 Actually I’m busy on Tuesday.
 That’s not deal. I’m afraid. I can’t manage Tuesday, sorry.
F. Place
 Where shall we have the meeting? Your office or mine?

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  I’ll come to your office if you like.
 Where shall we meet?
 OK. Can we meet at your house?
G. Confirming
 OK. So, I will expect you at my office at ten, then.
 OK. I’ll see you on Tuesday at 10 o’clock in my office.
 I’ll confirm that by e-mail.
 OK. I’ll see you on Friday, then.
 OK. I’ll pick you up at 7 a.m., then.

Vocabulary focus
Bring it forward : memajukan
Expect : berharap
Pick up : menjemput, mengambil
Convenient : nyaman
Pleased : senang
Disappointed : kecewa
At the moment : saat ini
That’s not deal : waktunya kurang pas

Read the following dialogues

A: I need to see Dr. Taylor.
B: How about three-fifteen this afternoon?
A: This afternoon? Gosh, I’m going to be in a meeting until five. Is tomorrow a possibility?
B: Let’s see ... How about ten-thirty tomorrow morning?
A: Ten-thirty tomorrow? Yes, that’s fine. Thank you
B: You’re welcome. See you then. Good bye.
A: Bye

A: Good morning. This is Sakura’s office.

B: Good morning. This is Victor. I called you yesterday to make an appointment with your accountant, Mr. Rudolf.
A: Sorry to make you disappointed. We are calling to let you know that Mr. Rudolf is in his office from 9 to 3 p.m.
B: Could I come at one o’clock?
A: Of course, Mr. Rudolf will be very pleased to meet you
B: Thank you for calling.
A: With pleasure.

Task
Pair work. Make a dialogue of making an appointment.

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2. Talking about feeling and health
Here are some sentences and expressions for talking about feelings and health issues.
Listen and repeat.
Talking about Feelings/Health Issues
How's the weather today? It's really cold. Let's stay inside.
How do you feel? I'm fine. That's good.
How are you feeling? Not too good. Sorry to hear that.
Is everything okay? I feel sick. That's too bad.
What's wrong? I have a headache. Here's some aspirin
What's the matter? My leg hurts. Let me help you.
Are you all right? I cut my hand. That looks serious.
What happened? He broke his arm. Call 911!

What’s the matter?

I don’t feel very well. Saya tidak enak badan.
I’ve got a cold. Saya kena flu.
The baby had a fever. Bayi saya kena demam.
I’m suffering from hay fever. Saya demam karena alergi.
I have a hangover. Kepala saya pusing (karena mabuk)
I feel sick / ill. Saya sakit
I have flu. Saya terkena flu.
I have a sore throat. Tenggorokan saya sakit.
I have a high blood pressure. Tekanan darah saya tinggi.
I have a temperature. Saya demam.
I have a stomach upset. Perut saya sakit.
I’m allergic to peanuts. Saya alergi dengan kacang.
I have a headache. Kepala saya sakit.
I have a toothache. Gigi saya sakit.
I have a stomachache. Perut saya sakit.
I have backache. Punggung saya sakit
I have an earache. Telinga saya sakit.
I have a cough. Saya kena batuk.
I am dizzy. Saya pusing.
I have a pain in my chest. Dada saya sakit.

Help!
I need an aspirin.
I must go and see a dentist.
Do you have anything for a headache?
I have a pain in my chest. I think I should see doctor.
I should go to the chemist and get some medicine.
I hope the doctor will give me a prescription.
I had to go to the hospital and have an injection.

Dentist : dokter gigi. Chemist/Pharmacist : Apoteker

Pain : sakit
Chest : dada
Chemist’s/Drugstore : apotek
Medicine : obat
Prescription : resep obat
Injection : suntikan

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Injuries
I cut my finger quite badly. Jari saya terpotong cukup parah
I twisted my ankle. Tumit saya keseleo.
I had a concussion. Saya mengalami gagar otak.
I had a bad bruise. Luka memar saya cukup parah.
The cat scratched me. Kucing itu mencakar saya.
I broke my leg. Kaki saya patah.
I burnt my hand. Tangan saya terbakar.
I knocked myself unconscius. Saya pingsan
I broke my arm. Lengan saya patah.
My arm hurts. Lengan saya sakit.
It hurts. Sakit.
She hurt herself. Dia melukai dirinya sendiri.
It was very painful. Sangat sakit sekali.
I had ten stitches in a cut. Saya mendapatkan sepuluh jahitan di luka saya.
I cut my hand. Tangan saya terpotong.
My leg hurts. Kaki saya sakit.
I had blood tests. Saya sudah tes darah

Serious illness
I think I have food poisoning
I sometimes suffer from asthma.
I had a heart attack.
She died from lung cancer.
He has been diagnosed HIV positive.
He hasn’t developed AIDS yet.

Food poisoning : keracunan makanan

Heart attack : serangan jantung
Lung cancer : kanker paru paru

Fitness and weight

I used to be really fit. But I’m not in a very good Saya tadinya sangat sehat dan bugar. Tapi tubuh
shape now. saya sekarang dalam kondisi kurang bagus.
I’m really unfit. Saya sangat tidak sehat.
I try to keep a healthy diet. Saya berusaha mempertahankan diet yang sehat.
I’ve got to lose some weight. Saya harus menurunkan berat badan.
I’ve put on a bit of weight recently. Saya menaikkan sedikit berat badan saya akhir akhir
ini.
I’ve to watch my weight. Saya harus memperhatikan berat badan saya.
I’m trying to give up smoking. Saya berusaha berhenti merokok.
I’ve cut down on meat. My cholesterol is too high. Saya mengurangi makan daging. Kolesterol saya
sangat tinggi

Task.
In a group of 3, make a dialogue about someone’s health.

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3. Invitation
 An invitation consists of requesting someone’s presence, stating the specific event, and setting the time and
place.
 Spoken invitations are fine for most occasions, but for certain special events, such as weddings, anniversaries,
and baby showers, formal written invitations are traditionally sent. They should be answered in writing and
returned to RSVP address (RSVP stands for répondez, s’il vous plaît, a French expression that means you
should respond the invitation by calling, preferably, writing the host).
 Invitations are usually made privately, in person or by phone.
 It’s fairly common to send printed invitations for large semi-formal parties. They may say “Regret only” and
give a telephone number at the bottom, which means you call only if you cannot attend.
 If you have children, you should not bring your children unless they have been specifically invited. Evening
parties are appropriate for children, picnics and barbecues, on the other hand are usually good for children

Examples of written invitation cards:

Making the invitation

People usually do not begin a conversation with an invitation, but instead preface the invitation in some ways.
There two ways of inviting:

 State what kind of party, excursion, etc., is being planned (preferable).

 Ask if the listeners are free at such time and why.

Phrases of making the invitation

More formal I’d like to invite you to dinner this Saturday.
I’d like to invite you to a party next Friday.
Would you be able to ...
Would you like to .....
I was wondering if you’d like to ...
We’re going to have a few friends over on Wednesday, and we’d love you to come.
Are you free on Saturday? Would you like to ...
Do you feel like going to ....
How about dinner?
How about coffee?
Less formal Let’s go to .... for ....

Accepting the invitation

Accepting the invitation is very easy:
Thank you the person for the invitation.
Express pleasure at being invited.
Get the details of place and time.
In informal cases, ask the host whether you can help bringing something.
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Phrases of accepting the invitation
More formal Thank you, I’d love to.
That would be wonderful.
That would be great / nice.
Thank you. I’d be delighted.
Yes, thank you what time?
Thanks, I’d love to.
Sounds great.
That’s great.
Absolutely.
OK.
Of course.
Less formal All right.

Offering to bring something Response

More formal I wonder if I might be able to bring something? It’s enough just to have you come.
Let me bring something, won’t you? Oh, you don’t need to.
Is there anything I could bring?
What shall I bring? Just bring yourself.
Can I bring ...? Well, thanks, if you’d like to.
Less formal What should I bring? Well, John brings salad, so why don’t you bring
dessert?
Refusing / declining the invitation
If the invitation must be refused, the following sequence would be appropriate:
Apology.
Reason for refusal.
Thanks for the invitation.
And perhaps the second apology.
Phrases of refusing / declining the invitation
More formal I am awfully sorry but I have other plans.
I’m sorry but I’ve got another appointment.
I wish I could, but ...
I’d love to, but ...
I’d really like to, but ...
I’m sorry I can’t come. I’m going to ...
Sorry I can’t, I ...
Sorry. I have already made plans for Saturday.
Less formal Oh darn! Have to ...

Non-invitations
There are some phrases sound like invitations but in fact are not, there is no specific time mentioned.
People may say: Response
You’ll have to come over sometime. Yes, that would be nice.
We’ll have to get together sometime. I’d love to.
We’ll have to get together again soon.
If you’re ever in Houston, look me up.
If you’re ever in Pittsburgh, give me a call.
If you’re ever in the area, come and visit.
You’ll have to come over and visit us sometime.

Listen and practice the dialogues with your friends. Pay attention to the pronunciation.
Dialogue A (A knock at the door)
Gretchen : Good morning, Dr. Hampton. May I come in?
Dr. Hampton : Good morning, Gretchen. Of course. How can I be of help?
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Gretchen : well, it’s not about school, Dr. Hampton. It’s just that Alan and I wanted to have a few people over for a
dinner party to celebrate finishing my desertation, and we’d like to invite you especially, since you’re
chairman. Would you be able to come the weekend after next, on Saturday?
Dr. Hampton : I’d be delighted to, Gretchen. Saturday, did you say?
Gretchen : If that’s all right for you and Mrs. Hampton.
Dr. Hampton : I’ll have to check with Elizabeth, but I’m pretty sure it’ll be all right.
Gretchen : Good. If you could come around six-thirty or seven o’clock, that would give us time to chat a while over a
glass of wine before dinner.
Dr. Hampton : That sounds fine. We’ll be there around seven.
Gretchen : That would be great. Oh, I’m so pleased that you and Mrs. Hampton will be able to make it.
Dr. Hampton : Well, it should be fun. And you deserve it after all that hard work. But, say, Gretchen, will I have to start
calling you Doctor Schmeltzer now?
Gretchen : Of course not, Dr. Hampton.
Dr. Hampton : Well, then can’t you reciprocate by calling me Henry?
Gretchen : Of course, Dr. ... I mean Henry. But it’ll take some getting used to.

Desertation: the big research project paper written by a candidate for the Ph.D.(doctor of philosophy) degree.
It’ll take some getting used to: it take some time to be accustomed to (membutuhkan waktu untuk membiasakan).

Dialogue B (the telephone rings)

Tom : Hello.
Don : Hello, Tom? This is Don. How are you?
Tom : Oh, hi, Don. Good. How have you been?
Don : Fine. Listen, Jefry and I wanted to go bowling tomorrow night out at the bowling alley on seventy-nine, but we
don’t have a way to get there. If you drive, we’ll pick up the tab for the bowling. How about it?
Tom : Well, it sounds like fun, but actually I’ve really got a lot of homework to do just now.
Don : Oh, come on, Tom. It’ll be fun. Make you relax. You’ll study better.
Tom : I really can’t. I’ve a chemistry exam on Monday and a book report due on Tuesday in American Lit. that I’m relly
getting nervous about. I don’t think I’d enjoy it much. But thanks a lot for thinking of me. Sorry I can’t help you out.
Don : Oh, don’t worry about it. Maybe next time. Good luck on your exam.
Tom : Thanks. See you
Don : Bye.

Seventy-nine : the name of highway (nama jalan raya)

Pick up the tab : to pay for (a dinner, tickets, etc) (membayar makan malam, tiket dsb.)

Dialogue C (the telephone rings)

David : Hello?
Cathy : Oh, hello, David. How are you?
David : Just fine, thanks, Cathy.
Cathy : Say, Dick and I were wondering, are you and Shirley free on Friday?
David : Friday? Oh ... it seems Shirley mentioned something about having to work late on Friday. Why, what did you have
in mind?
Cathy : Oh, we just thought it would be nice to have you over for dinner, but if you’re not available ...
David : Well, let me check again with Shirley. I’ll call you tonight and let you know for sue, OK?
Cathy : All right. I’ll be waiting for your call.
David : OK. Till then.

Have someone over for dinner: invite someone to dinner at one’s house (mengundang makan malam di rumah).

Task 1
Listen and fill the responses as you heard from the dialogue.
Inviting

1. Do you want to dance?

...... ...... . I’m kind of ...... ...... ...... .
2. Would you like to go hiking this weekend?
......, ...... ....... ...... . What time ...... ...... ......?
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3. How about going swimming on Friday?
Ah. ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... on that?
4. How would you like to play golf tomorrow?
..... ..... ..... ..... ...... . Where ..... ..... ..... ..... .....?

Task 2
Complete the dialogue orally using phrases above. Pay attention to the level of formality.
Example:
A: Can you come for dinner Sunday?
B: I’d love to. What can I bring?
A: Just bring yourself.
B: OK. See you then. Thanks.

Situation 1
A: Would you like to come over for dinner tomorrow?
B: ________________________. What time?
A:
B:

Situation 2
A:
B: Oh, that would be great! ____________?
A: Around eight o’clock.
B:
A:

Situation 3
A:
B: Well, I had planned to go see a movie that night. Why?
A:
B:

Situation 4
A:
B: Oh, I’m sorry, but ___________.
A:
B:

Task 3
Mini-role plays
Discuss the situation with your partner and decide on the proper level of formality. Then practice. When you’re
ready, perform for the class.

1. A and a friend B, are standing in the hall talking. C comes up to them and greet them. C wants to invite A to a
dinner party, but doesn’t want B to come.
2. Student A wants to invite professor B to dinner, but B’s schedule is very full.

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4. Expressing Gratitude
There many different situations that call for an expression of thanks. As in the case of invitations, it is sometimes
appropriate to send formal, written thank-you letters and cards. In this unit, however, we will be concerned only
with spoken language.

When to thank
The following list contains the most situations that require thanks. In general people thank someone:

1. For a gift. The person receiving the gift usually says three things.
 An expression of thank
 A compliment on the gift showing that the recipient likes the gift.
 A question related to the gift to show interest in the gift
 You also may say that the gift was not necessary or expected.
Examples:
Oh, thank you! I just love roses. Are they from your garden?
It’s beautiful. Thank you very much. I’ve always wanted a picture from Japan. Did you get it in Osaka?
Oh thank you. But you really didn’t have to.
2. For a favor
3. For an offer of help
4. For a compliment and a wish of success
When you receive a compliment, it’s appropriate to say thank you and to make a comment about the thing
being complimented.
Examples:
A: That’s a nice shirt!
B: Oh, thanks. I just got it at Sears.
A: You’re a good driver.
B: Thanks. I had a good teacher.
A: Good luck on your exam tomorrow, Ann.
B: Thanks, Steve I’ll need it
5. When asked about their health
Example:
A: How’s your husband these days?
B: Oh, he’s pretty good. Thanks
6. For an invitation
Thanks anyway for the invitation
7. When leaving a party or social gathering
Example:
A: Thank you so much for the lovely evening, Ann. We had such a good time.
B: you’re quite welcome. Thank you for coming.
8. For services
Doctor and patient
Clerk and customer
Waiter and customer

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These are some phrases of expressing thanks.
Expressing thanks Response
More I’m very grateful for ... You’re welcome.
Formal I’m very grateful for ... You’re quite welcome.
I’m so grateful for ... You’re entirely welcome.
Thank you very much for ... Don’t mention it.
Thank you so much for ... You’re welcome.
Thank you for ... It was my pleasure.
That was nice of you. Thank you Don’t mention it.
That was nice of you. You’re welcome.
Thank you but you really shouldn’t have. I just wanted to show my appreciation for ...
They’re beautiful! but you didn’t really But I wanted to.
need to (give me anything)
Thanks a lot for ... You’re welcome.
I really appreciate (the invitation) Sure
Thanks. It was nothing. What are friends for?
Less Thanks a million! Don’t worry about it
Formal Thanks a million! Forget it

Expressing thanks for a failed attempt. Response

More Thank you for trying.
Formal I appreciate your help, anyway.
Thank you very much for your efforts.
Less Thanks, anyway.
Formal Thanks a lot for trying, at least.
I’m sorry it didn’t work out.
Perhaps you’ll have better luck next time.
Sorry, it didn’t work out.
Sure. Too bad it didn’t work.

Listen the dialogues below and fill in the blanks with the correct expressions of thanks or responses.
Dialogue A.
Harry : (crossing the room where Mrs. King is standing talking to another guest) Excuse me, Marilyn? It’s
getting late, so I’m afraid we’ll have to be leaving.
Marilyn : Oh, so early?
Louise : Well, Harry’s got to get up and drive to the airport for an eight o’clock plane tomorrow.
Harry : We’ve really had a wonderful time, Marilyn. ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... .
Marilyn : Say, Louise, why don’t we meet downtown for lunch someday next week?
Louise : I’d love to.
Marilyn : I’ve heard Harold’s has delicious salads.
Louise : Oh, that sounds wonderful.
Marilyn : I’ll give you a call later on and we can decide the time.
Harry : Honey?
Louise : All right, dear. Well, it’s been a delightful evening. ..... ..... ..... ..... .
Marilyn : ..... ..... .....
Louise : I’ll look forward to your phone call.
Harry : ..... ..... . Good night.
Marilyn : Good night
Louise : Good night

Dialogue B
(The telephone rings)
Ella : Hello?
Susan : Ella? Susan. How are you?
Ella : Oh, hi, Susan. What’s up?
Susan : I just wanted to ..... ..... ..... for the towels. When I got home from the shower I checked, and they just
match our curtains.

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Ella : Oh, ..... ..... ..... . You deserve a few towels for putting up with that guy of yours.
Susan : Yeah, he’s something else.
Ella : Seriously, though, I wish you all the happiness in the world.
Susan : ..... ..... . I know you do. That’s sweet of you. Well I suppose I’d better get going on my list of errands –
got to call the bakery or there won’t be a wedding cake.
Ella : Well, let me know if I can be of any help.
Susan : ..... . I might take you up on that.
Ella : OK. We’ll see you later.
Susan : Yeah. And ..... ..... . Bye
Ella : Bye-bye

Shower : siraman
Go on errands : pergi untuk suatu keperluan.

Dialogue C
(the doorbell rings)
Linda : Oh, hi, welcome back! Have a nice trip?
Janet : Oh, it was fantastic! Fresh air and sunshine every day. We were really lucky with the weather.
Linda : Come on in. I’ve got the coffeepot on.
Janet : ...... , but I’ve got a ton of laundry to do. I just stopped by with this – it’s for you.
Linda : Oh, ..... ..... . It’s beautiful. I don’t have any plants like this. ..... ..... ..... ..... .
Janet : Well, Jim and I just wanted to show you how much we appreciated your looking after the house and
watering the plants while we were away.
Linda : Well, ..... ..... ..... .....? By the way, I tried to buy you those towels you wanted on sale, but they only had
these really ugly ones left, sorry.
Janet : Oh, that’s OK. ..... ..... ..... .
Linda : ..... .....

Discussion

1. Where does each conversation take place?

2. How many expressions of thanks are there in those dialogues?
3. Describe the speakers’ relationship in each dialogue.
4. Identify the level of formality of those dialogues.

Task
Pair work. Make a dialogue using expressions of thanks. Pay attention to the level of formality.

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5. Apologizing
Everyone makes mistakes, and everyone needs to know what to do and say after making mistakes. This unit
focuses on apologies, and the aim is to help you know both what to say and when to say it. The function of the
apology is to show regret for the wrongdoing and to offer the explanation or a remedy.
There are five possible parts to an apology (Number 1 is almost included in the apology. The other parts (2-5) can
be combined with 1 in various way) :

1. Formal expression of regret. This may be explicit, as in, “I’m sorry” or implied as in “I didn’t mean to”
2. Explanation (excuse), which shows why the mistake occured, as in, “I’m sorry. I missed the bus”
3. Offer to remedy the situation, if some damage has been done, or a remedy is possible.
4. Assurance that the mistake will not be repeated.
5. Admission of guilt, which shows that the person apologizing accepts the blame.

When to apologize
There are many different situations that require an apology, but they all have something in common: something
undesirable or uncomfortable has happened, make someone inconvenient and hurt.
People apologize for:

 Hurting someone feelings or causing misunderstanding.

 Being late for missing a meeting, class, appointment, etc.
 Interrupting a conversation or meeting.
 Taking someone else’s property by mistake.
 Being impolite.
 Damaging another person’s property.
 Telling a secret accidentally (letting the cat out of the bag).
 Calling someone early in the morning or late at night.
 Dialing a wrong number on the telephone.
 Invading someone’s personal space by bumping or hitting them accidentally.
 A social error made by some persons or animals for whom they have responsibility (their children, guests,
relatives, or pets).

Phrases of apology Response

Forgive me. I’m terribly sorry about ... That’s quite all right.
Forgive me. I’m terribly sorry about ... I understand completely.
Please accept my apologies for ... you really don’t have to apologize for.
Please excuse (my dog). You don’t need to apologize.
I would like to apologize for ... I wouldn’t worry about it if I were you.
I apologize for ... Oh, that’s all right. It can happen to anyone.
It’s not your fault.
Oh, well, that’s life.
I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to ... Don’t worry about it.
It’s OK.
That’s OK.
Oh, no! Did I do that? I’m sorry. It’s OK.
Oh! Sorry! No problem
Sorry about that. Forget it
Oops, sorry No harm done

Listen to the following dialogues. Fill in the blanks with appropriate verbs or phrases.
Dialogue A (the telephone rings)
Russel : Hello?
Sandy : Hi, Russ? It’s me. Look, we’re having a bit trouble with the car, so it looks like we won’t be able to make it tonight.
I’m really sorry.
15 | P a g e
Russel : Oh, really? What is it?
Sandy : Well, it’s carburetor again. We just had it fixed last week, but it must be clogged up again somehow.
Russel : Well, I’m sorry to hear that. Want me to ..... get you?
Sandy : Well, actually, we’re ..... on the freeway and I had to walk a mile to this gas station to get help.
Russel : In this terrible weather?
Sandy : Yeah, I’m pretty wet, I can ..... you that!
Russel : Look, why don’t I come pick you guys up in my car, once they tow the car to the station. Where are you at?
Sandy : You ..... that Arco station at the entrance to the freeway?
Russel : Oh, yeah. I know where that is. I’ll be right down. We still might be able to ..... the late show.
Sandy : OK, great. Sorry about the inconvenience.
Russel : Don’t worry about it. See you in a little bit.
Sandy : Thanks. See you.

Freeway : major highway

Entrance : jalan masuk
Inconvenience : trouble (masalah, ketidakyamanan)

Dialogue B
It’s extremely crowded in the cafetaria. Sandra, wearing a backpack, has her arms full of library books and is carrying an
umbrella over her arm. She sees a free spot at a table on the other side of the room.
Sandra : (bumping the pack into someone) I’m sorry. It’s so crowded today.
Person 1 : Yeah, it’s OK.
Sandra : (stepping on someone’s books) Oops, sorry.
Person 2 : No harm done.
Sandra : (poking someone with the umbrella) Oh, I’m sorry.
Person 3 : Maybe you should have ..... that stuff outside.
Sandra : You’re right. I’ll never ..... this again. But all the lockers were full.
Person 3 : I can see you’ve got a problem.
Sandra : (putting her books at the empty place) Is this place free?
Person 4 : As a matter of fact, this guy ..... me to save it for him.
Person 5 : Yeah, that’s my place.
Sandra : Oh, I’m sorry. I didn’t ..... anyone here (picks up her books).
Person 5 : No, that’s OK. You ..... it. It’ll be easier for me to move.
Sandra : You’re sure? Thanks a lot.

Dialogue C
Jeffrey and Paul, roommates at college, are visiting their hometown during spring break. Jeffrey has told a neighbor, Mrs.
Wallace, about Paul’s new job after graduation. He also told her how much Paul was going to be earning.
Paul : Aw, Jeffrey! What did you have to go and do that for?
Jeffrey : Do what?
Paul : You know what ..... ..... about. Why did you go tell Mrs. Wallace how much money I’m going to make? Now she’ll go
and tell the whole world!
Jeffrey : Well, I’m sorry.
Paul : Yeah, but you know she ..... ..... ...... and their brother.
Jeffrey : Well, I apologize. I guess I wasn’t thinking. I got all excited.
Paul : Oh, well, it’s done now. I guess ..... ..... ..... that much, anyway. They were bound to find out eventually. Everybody
in this town’s got a big nose!
Jeffrey : You know, it’s a lot of money for a first job.
Paul : You think I’ll be able to buy Porsche?
Jeffrey : Well, I think you’d better ..... ..... ..... how much is left after Uncle Sam gets his share.

Discussion

1. Why do you think the people in the dialogues apologize?

2. What did they say to apologize?

Task 1. Pair work Think of five things to complain to your

partner. Then make your complaints. Your partner apologizes. Take it in turns.

16 | P a g e
Task 2
Make a dialogue of apology based on the following situations and perform it for class.

Role play 1
A is in a bad mood today because A’s favorite football team lost their game last night and will not go to Super
Bowl (a national professional football competition). B enters A’s office to ask a question, and A is rather rude with
B, but then realizes and apologizes.

Role play 2
A is a guest at a dinner party that B is giving. The guests have just been served the dessert when A gets serious
attack of hiccups. A keeps apologizing, but there doesn’t seem to be any way to stop them. C, another guest at
the party, tries to give A help, as does B. They both have some suggestions for getting rid of the hiccups.

Role play 3
Two faculty members, A and B, are standing in the hallway having a discussion when C approaches them. C needs
to talk to A very briefly to give A a message.

Role play 4
X has borrowed Y’s math textbook over the weekend to study for an exam. Now X is returning the book, but
notices that some of the pages are torn out, and X thinks of the 2-year old child at home.

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6. Shopping
Listen to the two dialogues below and fill in the blanks with the correct words.
Dialogue 1 Simple Shopping
Some phrases and expressions for simple shopping in English.

1. Where are the pencils? That's too .....

They're on the second ...... 5. Do you have any .....?
Okay, thanks. What size? ..... or Large?
2. ..... ..... is this mirror? Large.
It's $19.95. 6. That comes to $26.59.
Okay. I'll take it. Here's $30.00.
3. How much does this .....? Your ..... is $3.41.
That one is $5.00. 7. That will be $17.48.
How about ..... .....? Here's $17.50. Keep the ......
4. How much are these? Thanks.
They're $4.00 each.

Dialogue 2 Buying and Selling

Here are some phrases and expressions for buying and selling in English.
1. May I help you?
Yes, I’d like to buy ..... ..... .
Okay, that’ll be $6.85
2. What can I do for you?
I’m looking for the cameras.
They’re in ..... ..... .
3. Is there something I can help you with?
No, I’m just browsing. ..... ..... .
OK.
Useful Vocabulary

Shop(s) Customer(s) Cashier(s)

Wallet(s) (m)
Scales Till(s)
Purse(s) (f)

Shelf Shelves Barcode(s)

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 Trolley(s) Lift(s) Bag(s)

Basket(s) Changing Room(s) Escalator(s)

Ways to pay

Cheque(s) Cash Note(s)

Credit card(s)
Coin(s)
Debit card(s)

Aisle Size Fitting room Change

Where to buy what

Chemist's

Ladies Clothing Shop or Boutique

Mens Clothing Shop or Tailor's

Shoe Shop or Cobbler's

Jeweller's

Electrical Store

19 | P a g e
 Toy Shop or Toy Store

Record Shop

Book Shop

Newsagent's

Ironmonger's

Optician's

Haberdasher's

All or most of the above Department Store

Butcher's

Fishmonger's

Greengrocer's

Baker's

Delicatessen

Grocer's

Off Licence

Florist's

Post Office

All or most of the above Supermarket

20 | P a g e
Useful shopping phrases
A. Questions about finding a shop Answers / comments

 Can you recommend a good toy / clothes shop?
 Is there a chemist’s / supermarket in the area?
 Where can I get toothpaste / pet food?
 Where is the nearest shopping center?
B. Questions about opening hours
 What time do you open, please?
 What time do you close, please?
 What are your opening hours?
 Are you open all day?
 Are you open on Sundays?
 There’s a really good bookshop just around the
corner
 You can buy that here at the hotel.
 The best toy shop is in the shopping center.
 The nearest one is a few miles away.
Answer / comments
 We’re open 24/7 (24 hours a day / 7 days a week)
 We’re closed at lunchtime, between 12 and 2
p.m.
 We’re open from 9 a.m. till 6 p.m., Monday to
Friday.

C. Shopping for clothes paying

 Could you help me, please?
 Could you tell me where the ......... department, please?
 Excuse me, I’m looking for a ......
 Is there somewhere I can try this on, please?
 Does it suit me?
 How much does it cost?
 How much is it?
 How much are these?
 Do you have this in a (larger / smaller size) (different color), please?
 Do you do alterations?
 Do you have a refund policy?
 Is this in the sale?

Possible Answers / comments

 Yes, please. How can I help you?

 It’s too long / short.
 It’s too tight / loose.
 The ladies / gents changing room are over there.
 It’s $20.00
 They are $5.00 each.
 You can bring it back and exchange it or get a refund within 2 weeks if you keep the receipt.

Customer

 Do you take credit cards? Possible answers / comments

 Do you give credit?
 Do you have a loyalty card?  We take all the major credit cards.
 Does it have a warranty?  We only accept check with a check card.
 Can I pay by check?  We are offering 6 months free credit with no
 Do you offer a cash discount? deposit.
 Could I leave my bags here and pick them up  Sorry, no.
later?  Yes, certainly.

21 | P a g e
At the Store
When you enter the store/start a conversation with the clerk.

What a clerk might say:

May I help you?
Can I help you?
Can I help you find something?
What can I do for you?

What a customer might say:

Excuse me. Do you work here?
(Can you help me?)
Can I ask you something?
Thank you. I’m just looking

What a customer might respond:

Yes. I'm looking for ___________.
Do you have any ___________ (s)?
Can you tell me where the ...is/are?
Okay.

When you check out/leave the store :

Clerk:
Did you find everything you needed?
Did you find what you were looking for?
Did you find everything okay?
Will that be all (for today)?
Is that everything?
(Will there be) anything else?

Customer:
That's all for today.
That's it. Thanks.

Dialogue
Here we have conversations. The first is between Mrs. Smith and her younger son John. The second is between
Mrs. Smith and a shop assistant.
It’s Saturday morning and Mrs. Smith is going shopping.
Mrs. S : John, I’m going to the shops. Is there anything you want?
John : Yes, please. Can you pick up my magazine from the newsagent’s?
Mrs. S : Of course. Do you want to come with me?
John : No way, I’m going around to Mike’s house, sorry.
Mrs. S : No problem. I’ll be about an hour, be home by 5 at the latest.
John : O.K. I’ll see you later.
A bit later ....
Mrs. S : John, are you home?
John : Yes mum, I’m up stairs.
Mrs. S : Come down here, I bought you a new Nike T-shirt. I want you to try it on.
John : Nike? Great I’m coming!
A few minutes later.....
Mrs. S : Well, does it fit?
John : I think it’s a bit too small.

22 | P a g e
Mrs. S : Let’s have a look. Hmm, I think you’ve grown again.
John : I can’t wear it though.
Mrs. S : Do you like it?
John : Yeah, it’s a nice color.
Mrs. S : I’ll take it back to the supermarket and see if I can change it.

It’s Saturday evening and Mrs. Smith has to return the T-shirt.
Mrs. S : Can you help me?
Shop Assistant : Yes of course, what can I do for you?
Mrs. S : I bought T-shirt for my son this afternoon. But it doesn’t fit him. It’s too small.
Shop Assistant : Do you want to change it or get a refund?
Mrs. S : I’d like to change it for a larger size. Do you have this in large?
Shop Assistant : I’ll just check. Let’s see, yes we have large or extra-large, which would you prefer?
Mrs. S : I think large will be fine, it’s for my son.
Shop Assistant : That’s fine, if it doesn’t fit just bring it back again. If you take it to the customer service desk,
they will sort it all out for you.
Mrs. S : Thank you. Just a matter of interest. Do you give refunds?
Shop Assistant : Yes of course, you can bring any clothing items back up to three weeks after purchase, but you
must keep the receipt.
Mrs. S : I see, thanks again.
Shop Assistant : You’re welcome.

Vocabulary focus
Exchange : menukar
Purchase : membeli
Change : uang kembalian
Refund : uang pengembalian karena ketidakpuasaan atas barang yang sudah dibeli.
Receipt : nota pembayaran
Sale : obral
Loyalty card : kartu (dari plastik) yang diberikan untuk mencatat pembelian customer dan reward.
Warranty : garansi
Sort it out : menyelesaikan (permasalahan)

Task
In a group of 4, make a dialogue about shopping.

23 | P a g e
7. Asking and giving directions
Some phrases of asking for directions

 How do you get to (the) . . . (from here)?

 How do I get to (the) . . . ?
 Could / Can you tell me how to get to (the) . . . ?
 Could / Can you give me directions to (the) . . . ?
 What's the best way to get to (the) . . . ?
 What’s the quickest way to get to (the) . . .?
 What’s the easiest way to get to (the) . . .?

Some phrases of giving directions

 (First,) go down this street (for ____ blocks).

 (Then,) turn left/right at the traffic light.
 (After that,) go straight on _____ Street until you get to the ______.
 (When you get to the _____,) turn left/right again.
 (Then,) stay on_______Avenue for about _______ yards/meters.
 It's on your left, next to the __________. You can't miss it!
 Drive along .... and you will see ..... on the right, next to ....
 Walk along ..... street and then turn left . You will see .... on the left, beside ....

Asking about location

 Where is (the) .....?

 Is there (a hospital) near here?
 Are any (restaurants) near here?
 Is there a ...... nearby?
 Is there a ..... around here?
 Are there any .... in the neighborhood?

Answers

 It’s in ....
 It’s under ....
 It’s near / next to .....
 It’s on the corner of ..... and .....
 It’s opposite the ....
 It’s over there, next to ....

Useful expressions
Walk / drive along...
Walk for about 100 meters/ 5 minutes
Walk / Go down the street for...
Turn left/right
Take the first/second turning on the left/right
Go past ...until you reach...
Go straight
Take a U turn

Useful prepositions
In On the corner of
On In front of
24 | P a g e
Behind Across
Next to Between
Under Near
Opposite

Listen to the following dialogue and fill in the blanks with the correct words.
Dialogue 1
Asking for direction

1. Excuse me. Is there a grocery store around here?

Yeah. There's one right ..... the street.
2. Can you tell me how to get to Phoenix?
Sorry. I don't live ..... here.
3. Where's Tanner's Leather Shop?
It's on the ..... of Holly and Vine. Next to the library.
4. How do you get to the bank?
Go ..... down this street for two blocks. Turn left when you get to Maple Street. Stay on Maple for half a block.
It's on the ..... ..... side.

Dialogue 2
Asking about Place/Location

1. Where is the bank?

It's on Main Street.
It's ..... ..... the post office.
It's ..... the bakery and the barber shop.
It's on the corner of Ninth Street and Pine (Street).
2. Where's Lagoon?
It's in Davis County, near Kaysville.
It's on I-15, ..... Farmington and Kaysville.
It's ..... miles ..... of Salt Lake City.

Directions

3. How do you get to the sporting goods store?

(on foot) First, ..... ..... State Street until you get to 4th South. Then, ..... ...... Then, go down 4th South for three
blocks. It's on the ..... ..... of the street next to Wendy's.
(by car) Take State Street to 4th South. At 4th South, ..... ...... Stay on 4th South for about three blocks. The
sporting goods store will be on the right, ..... ..... Wendy's.
4. How do you get to (your house in) Lehi?
Take I-15 south about 20 miles. After you ..... the mountain, watch for the signs to Lehi. Take the first Lehi exit.
When you get off the freeway, make a ..... ..... at the stop sign. Follow the road (15th East) for five blocks.
Make a ..... ..... on Royal Drive. Continue on Royal Drive until you see the big oak tree. My house is on the .....
..... side. It's a two-story, red brick house with a large front yard. You can't miss it!

Practice the conversations (about location).

A: Excuse me. Is there a hospital near here?
B: No, there’s no hospital here. But there’s a doctors clinic. It’s in Rara Marg, just opposite the bank.
A: Thank you. Oh, just one more thing. Where’s the nearest pay phone?
B: Well, it’s right over there, next to the hotel.
A: Thanks a lot.

A: Excuse me. Are there any restaurants around here?

B: Yes, there are. There’s a good one on the corner of King Street and New Park Road.
A: Thanks very much.
25 | P a g e
Task 1
Pair work. Your partner is a visitor in your town. Have a conversation by asking and answering these questions
and other questions of your own..
A: Excuse me. Can you help me? I’m on a holiday here. Is there a post office nearby?
B: ...
A: Thanks. And I need to go to a travel agency. Is there one around here?
B: ...
A: And how about restaurants? Are there any good ones in the neighborhood?
B: ...
A: Thanks a lot. That sounds good. And just one more thing, Where’s the nearest... ?
B: ...
A: ...
B: ...

Practice the conversations (asking and giving directions) with your partner.
A : Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to Bull’s Gym?
B : Sure. Just go along this street and turn right on Carmel Street. Walk along Carmel Street, go past Third
Street. It’s on the left. It’s opposite the concert hall.
A : Thanks.

A : Excuse me. How can I get to the Bakery Cafe?

B : Well, go up this street until you reach Carmel Street. Then turn left and walk for five minutes. It’s on the
corner of First Street and Carmel Street, next to the Metro Cinema Hall.
A : Thanks a lot.

Task 2
Pair work. Now take turns asking for and giving directions to the places you have marked below.
Here is a list of common places that you can find in almost every neighborhood. Which of them are there in
your neighborhood? Tick.

post office park

police station swimming pool
bank gym
the cinema temple
school bus stop
supermarket restaurant
hospital/clinic hotel

Example:
A:Could you tell me the way to the post office?
B:Sure. First go down the street until you reach ................................................................................................
A:How can I get to the Smart Gym?
B:Well, it’s very simple. Walk along this street for five minutes. Then turn ...........................................................

26 | P a g e
8. Getting people’s attentions and interrupting
There are certain occasions when you must interrupt people who are in the middle of doing something
else. It’s important to know how to do this, as well as, when it is socially acceptable to do it. In this
lesson you will study interrupting people and getting people’s attention, two functions that are very
closely related.
Getting people’s attention.
In general, it’s most polite to be as unobtrusive (rendah hati) as possible when trying to get someone’s
attention. In most situations it is best to wait until the other person is looking in your direction and they
try to “catch his eyes”. Here are some other ways of getting people’s attention:
In a restaurant or store:
Raise your hand
Palm out
Say “waiter” or “miss” in a voice loud enough
Say “excuse me”
In class:
Raise your hand and wait to be acknowledged
Raise your hand + call the professor’s name using the title + last name
On the street:
Wave (shouting and whistling attract too much attention and are considered rude)
In an office:
Knock on the door and wait to be acknowledged

Interrupting people

 Interrupting conversation with a quick question (dialogue B, Max is interrupting the conversation).
 Make an appointment with the person.
Example:
Mrs. Andrews : (talking to a salesperson) ...which means that the ration will be wrong. Excuse
me. Yes?
Mr. Davidson : (standing in the doorway) Excuse me for interrupting, but could we make an
appointment for later this afternoon sometime? I want to go over that engineering report with you.
 Calling on the phone is sometimes an interruption. If you call someone at dinner time or late in the
evening (after ten o’clock), you should first ask if it is a good time to talk. If not, you can arrange to
call back later.
Example:
Joe : Hello?
Ned : Hi, this is Ned. Are you busy?
Joe : We’re eating now. Can I call back in half an hour?
Ned : OK. See you.
Joe : Yeah, bye

27 | P a g e
Phrases
Getting people’s attention Response
More formal Pardon me, Dr. Nathanson Yes? What can I do for you?
Excuse me, Bill
Oh, miss? Yes? (can I help you?)
Sir?
Waiter?
(cough) Yes?
(clear throat) Yes?
Less formal Hey, Beth Yeah
Rude Hey, you! (in most cases one would receive no response or a
Hey! ruder person)
(whistle)

Interrupting a conversation Response

More formal Pardon me, but ... How can I help you?
Pardon the interruption, but ...
I’m sorry to interrupt you, but ...
I don’t want to interrupt you, but ... It’s all right. What can I do for you?
I hate to interrupt, but ...
I’m sorry, but ... It’s OK
Excuse me, but ...
Oh, were you in the middle of something? No, it’s all right
Less formal Am I interrupting?

Listen to these dialogues and fill in the blanks with the correct words.
Dialogue A
Freddy stops at Dr. Lindseth’s open office door and knocks)
Freddy : Dr. Lindseth?
Dr. Lindseth : Yes?
Freddy : Excuse me, I don’t want to interrupt you .
Dr. Lindseth : No, no. Its’ quite all right. How can ..... ..... .....?
Freddy : Well, I’d like to ask you to sign a permission slip to take that course on microbiology
you’re teaching next term. Would that be all right? (he gives the slip).
Dr. Lindseth : Of course, Freddy. Actually I’m glad you decided to take it. I think you’ll like it, and I’m
glad ..... ..... ..... in the class.
Freddy : Thank you. It sounds like an ..... ..... .
Dr. Lindseth : I’m glad you think so. (She signs the slip). There you are.
Freddy : Thank you very much. Good bye Dr. Lindseth.
Dr. Lindseth : Good bye, Freddy

Answer orally

1. How does Freddy get Dr. Lindseth’s attention?

2. How does she interrupt her?
3. How formal is this conversation?

Dialogue B
Jean : .. and then she told me that he didn’t even say he was sorry!

28 | P a g e
Sue : No kidding.
Max : Excuse me, but could I ask a ..... ..... ?
Sue : Sure, ..... ..... .....?
Max : Do you spell “address” with one “d” or two?
Sue : Two
Max : ..... ..... .....
Sue : Sure. (to Jean) Then what did she say?

Answer orally

1. Why and how does Max interrupt?

2. What is the reaction?
3. How formal is this conversation?

Dialogue C
The telephone rings
JoeEllen : Linguistics.
Ralph : Yes, I’d like to speak with Dr. MacDougal, please.
JoeEllen : Who’s calling, please?
Ralph : Ralph Zimmermann.
JoeEllen : ..... ....., please. (buzz)
Dr. MacDougal : Yes?
JoeEllen : Excuse me, there’s a Ralph Zimmermann on the line. Do you wan to talk to him?
Dr. MacDougal : No, have him call back later. I’ll be in ..... ..... now until twelve o’clock. Would
you please hold my calls?
JoeEllen : Of course, Dr.MacDougal. (click) I’m sorry, sir, but Dr. MacDougal is in ..... ..... right
now. Would you like to leave ..... ..... ?
Ralph : Could you tell me what time he’ll be free?
JoeEllen : Well, the meeting’s scheduled to last till twelve. Would you like to ..... ..... then?
Ralph : Oh, I’m afraid I can’t. Could you ask him to call me this afternoon at home?
JoeEllen : Your number?
Ralph : 512-8946. Thank you very much.
JoeEllen : You’re welcome.

Answer orally

1. Who are the speakers and what are the relationship?

2. Why doesn’t Dr. MacDougal want to talk to Ralph?
3. Who apologizes in this dialogue and why?
4. Do you think this is a formal situation?

Small group practice

For each situation that follows, read the cues given, then discuss the relationship among the speakers
and the level of formality. Complete the dialogue orally with phrases above or with other appropriate
response.
Examples:
A : Those are great boots.
B : Why, thank you. I got them yesterday on sale.
C : Excuse me, but do you have the time? / what time is it now?
A :Nine thirty five.
29 | P a g e
B : Thanks.
A : You’re welcome.

Situation 1
A : What happened next?
B : Well, I started down the dark alley ...........
C:
B:
C : Do you have change for ten?
A:
C:
B : As I was saying ...

Situation 2
A : so I think parents should not allow children to watch TV at all!
B : Well, I’m not sure if I agree. I think .....
C : ..................................................., but I overheard you talking about ..................... Can I say something?
A:
C:
B:
C:

Situation 3
A : so I guess I’ll be seeing you later.
B:
C : .................................. . Have you got a minute? I ......................................
A:
C:
A:
C:

Group work
Make a dialogue based on the following situations and perform it for class.

1. Professor A is working quietly in the office on a report that is taking all day to complete. B, a
student, drops by to talk about a research paper that is due in two days.
2. A is sitting in the library trying to finish reading a book before final exam begins in half an hour.
First, B comes to say hi, then C wants the answer to a geometry question, and then D needs change
for a twenty-dollar bill. A is polite in the beginning, but quickly loses patience as time runs out.
3. A is having lunch with a friend, B. A must be back at the office in an hour. The restaurant isn’t
crowded, but the service is slow because the waiter stops to chat with other customers. A tries to
get the waiter’s attention to order. When the food finally arrives, it is cold, and A has to call the
waiter again to point this out.

30 | P a g e
9. Agreeing and disagreeing
Phrases
Agreeing with someone
Complete agreement
More formal I agree completely ..... (I agree completely with what you said in your lecture)
That’s just what I think, of course.
In my opinion, you’re correct.
That’s true.
I couldn’t agree more.
You’re right.
More informal Sure.

Tentative agreement
I suppose you’re right.
Well, maybe ...

Disagreeing with someone

There are two ways to disagree with someone, directly and indirectly.
Direct disagreement
More formal I’m sorry I have to disagree.
I couldn’t agree less.
I couldn’t disagree more.
No, it doesn’t
I refuse to believe that ...
No, that’s wrong.
You’re dead wrong.
Nope.
No way!
Less formal Uh-uh!

Indirect disagreement
I’m not sure I can agree.
I’m not sure that I agree with ...
I don’t think that I agree with ...
I wonder if there’s a mistake.
In my opinion ...
I could be wrong, but ...
Are absolutely sure?
Are you sure?
That really surprises me.
I agree that ... , but ...
I may be wrong, but ...
But I thought ...
Really?
Really? That’s strange.
Oh, I don’t know.
Yes, but ...

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Listen and fill in the blanks with the correct expressions of agreement or disagreement (from the phrases above).
Then practice with your friends.
Dialogue A
Ned : ... you know this country’s problem all come from inflation. That’s the main cause of our troubles right
now. And what’s causing the inflation? It’s the reckless spending of the Democrats! Every year, they
spend more and more money, and the money has to come from somewhere. So we pay it in the form of
higher taxes and higher prices on the goods we buy.
Barb : Well, ..... ..... ..... that ..... ..... ..... ..... . It seems to me that inflation is only one of our problems. What
about unemployment? If people don’t have jobs because the government cuts spending too much, they
can’t buy things and then you have a vicious circle of more unemployment and fewer taxpayers to share
the burden.
Ellen : You know, I think Barb may have something there. Unemployment is a big problem, especially in the big
industrial cities. The auto industry is fighting for its life right now, and the government isn’t doing very
much to help it.
Ned : Well, ..... ..... that auto industry is in a mess, but ..... ..... ..... the answer is in government regulation or
protection. I believe in the free market system – let the system work without a lot of government
interference, and everything will be OK.
Ellen : So the strong will win, and the weak will be defeated. Is that what you mean?
Ned : Well, that’s the way it goes.
Barb : And too bad about the weak, the poor, the unprotected ...
Ned : Now you’re getting emotional. You have to remain objective about these things. Let me give you an
example of what I’m talking about.

Dialogue B
Jean : so she said they’re moving to Corvallis in the fall, because Jeffrey got a job at the university.
Dotty : Oh, where’s that? Isn’t that in California or someplace?
Lisa : ...., ..... ..... Idaho, a little north of Boise, I think. I have a cousin there.
Jean : But I thought it was in Oregon. At least, that was the impression I got from Nancy. She said it wouldn’t
be far to Portland.
Lisa : Oh, ...... ..... . I guess I was thinking something else. Forget what i said.

Dialogue C
David : and he said he bought a new car for five thousand!
Mary : What kind is it?
David : A BMW – I’m not sure what model.
Mary : ..... ..... ..... ? A BMW for five thousand! Sounds pretty cheap to me.
David : Well, I think that’s what he said.
Mary : But ..... ..... ..... a model less than eight or nine thousand!
David : Well, you’ll have to ask him. Come to think of it, it does sound awful cheap.

Discussion

1. What are the speakers discussing in the dialogues?

2. What words do they say to express their agreement and disagreement?
3. How formal are the dialogues?

Task 1
Complete the dialogues orally with phrases above or any other appropriate reponses.
Example:
A : ...so then my cousin moved to Milwaukee.
B : Oh, that’s in Minnesota, isn’t it?
A : No, it’s in Misconsin.
B : Oh, sorry

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Situation 1
A:
B : I wonder if you heard that wrong. Did he really say that?
A:
B:
A : Well, all I know is what he said to me.

Situation 2
A : Did you know that ......?
B : Are you sure?
A:
B : Well, maybe I’m wrong, but .....

Situation 3
A : Well, in my opinion .....
B : Why do you say that?
A : .....
B : That’s interesting thought, but .....
A:

Situation 4
A : What do think of .....?
B:
A : Oh, I don’t know.
B:
A:

Task 2
Mini-role plays (write a dialogue about the situation below, choose either one, then perform it in front of the
class)
Role play 1
A and B are roommates at school, and they are interested in buying a washing machine. A wants to buy a new
washer, B on the other hand thinks it would be better to buy a used one.

Role play 2
A and B are husband and wife. They plan to move to another place. A as a wife prefers living in a village while B as
a husband prefer living in a city.

Role play 3
A has been invited by B to her dinner party. A accepted the invitation although she doesn’t know B well. Now
another friend C wants A to come to C’s party. A prefers second invitation. A is talking to another friend D about
deciding to go to C’s party. D, however, disagree strongly with A’s decision.

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10. Asking and giving suggestions
Listen and Repeat
Making Suggestions
1. I think you should buy the blue one.
2. I don't think you should sell your car.
3. Let's go bowling tonight.
4. Why don't we go skiing on Saturday?
5. Why don't you come with me to China?
Responses
That's a good idea.
Thanks for the advice, but I really need the money.
Sorry, I can't. I'm meeting a friend for dinner.
Sounds like a good idea. Where do you want to go?
Thanks, but I've already been there.

There are several ways of asking suggestions:

What should I do?
Should I call him tonight?
Is it good if I deny his offer?
What do you think I should do?
Can you suggest a good doctor for me?
Could you recommend a good restaurant around here?

There are several ways of giving suggestions. Study these examples:

Should / should not
You should take warm clothes.
You should invite Susan to the party.
You should stop smoking.
You should take more exercises
You should tell your parents.
You’ve been coughing a lot lately. You shouldn’t smoke so much.
Jean really shouldn’t go. He has too much homework to do.
You shouldn’t go alone.

Had better / had better not

You’d better make reservations in advance. (You’d better = You had better)
You’d better tell your parents.
You’d better not walk alone at night.

Ought to
You ought to travel by plane.
You ought to go there now.

Must / have to
You must get a visa. (It’s a rule.)
You must listen to your parents.
You must not do that.
You have to leave early to reach there before dark.
(It is necessary that you leave early if you want to reach before dark.)
You have to consult your problem.

Suggest / Recommend
I suggest / recommend (that) we meet later for a drink.
They suggested / recommended (that) we avoid the city center.
My teacher suggested / recommended using an online dictionary
The hotel receptionist suggested / recommended a local restaurant.
I suggest (that) you tell your parents.

34 | P a g e
Other ways of giving suggestion:
Why don’t we take a break?
Shall we take a break?
It’s better for you to tell your parents.
It’s good for you to do more exercise.
You stay at home all day. Let’s go to a movie instead.
Let’s not watch a video.
You need to see him soon.
You don’t need to get a visa.

Practice the conversation below.

A : I’m planning to go to Pokhara soon.
B : Really? When are you planning to leave?
A : Next week. Since you’re from Pokhara, I thought you could give me some advice. This is my first trip to
Pokhara, you know.
B: Oh, OK. You should take some warm clothes. It’s very cold in Pokhara at this time of the year. And when you’re
in Pokhara you should go boating. But you shouldn’t do it alone. You ought to take an experienced
Boatman.
A: Well. Thanks a lot.
B: And yes, one more thing. Since you’re going there in the peak tourist season, you’d better book the hotel in
advance.
A: Sure, I’ll remember that. Thanks once again.

Vocabulary focus
Advice : nasihat
Trip : perjalanan
Peak season : musim ramai (pengunjung)
Guide : pemandu
Trekking permit : izin melakukan perjalanan
Avoid : menghindari
Hire : menggaji / mempekerjakan
Lately : akhir akhir ini
Take a break : istirahat

Task 1
Pair work. Now have a similar conversation. This time Talk about a different place.

Task 2
Role play. Your partner is a foreigner who wants to visit Indonesia. Give advice to him or her. Use the cues given
below.

get a passport.
bring warm clothes.
It’s hot here.
hire a guide otherwise you might get lost.
learn Nepali language.
Guides can speak English.
carry lots of money.
bring a lot of luggage.
enter the temple if you are not a Hindu.
Talk politely with the local people.
Throw rubbish wherever you like.
Get a trekking permit.

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11. Offering
There are a lot of different ways to offer something. Here are some phrases to offer something.

 I’ll do (something).
This is simple and casual. Use this phrase when you’re sure that the other person will be happy to receive your
help.
Examples:
I’ll go pick up the stuff we need.
I’ll hold the door open for you.
 Let me do (something).
This is a little more polite, but still very friendly.
Examples:
Here – let me adjust the seat for you.
That’s a good question. Let me find out for you.
 Why don’t I / we (do something)
Sometimes you’re not sure that your help will be welcomed. In this case, this phrase is a better choice.
Examples:
Why don’t I send you an email outlining that we talked about today, and you can just respond to that?
Why don’t we exchange business cards?
 Do you want me to (do something)
If you’re even less sure about your offer, then you should ask and wait for an answer, this phrase is a good
choice.
Examples:
Do you want me to take over?
I’m headed out to grab some lunch. You want me to pick you up something? (in spoken English, you can leave
off “Do” at the beginning).
You want me to meet up after class and go over it?
 Would you like me to (do something)
This phrase is a little more formal. You use this with customers, teachers, or relatives you don’t see very often.
Example:
Would you like me to close the window?
 I can do (something)
You can also make polite offers with this phrase.
Examples:
I can assist you with that.
I can adjust the temperature, if you want.
 Can I / Could I (do something)
You use it in a formal situation. It seems like you’re really happy to do it.
Examples:
Can I get you something to drink?
Can I recommend a good book to read?
Can I give you a hand?
 I’d be happy to (do something)
This is formal phrase. You can use it in business and professional situations.
Examples:
We have a few more minutes, so I’d be happy to take some questions from the audience.
I’d be happy schedule a time to meet and talk with you about it.
 May I offer you (something)
This is a very formal way to make an offer. It sounds fancy.
Example:
May I offer you a complimentary dessert?

36 | P a g e
Accepting offers
Thank you.
Yes, please.
I’d like it very much.
Thank you, I would.
That would be very nice.
Thank you, that would be great.
Yes please, that would be lovely.
Yes please, I love one.

Declining / refusing offers

No, thanks.
No, thank you.
Not for me, thanks.
No, thanks. I’m not hungry.
No, I really won’t. Thank you
Thank you, but I’m not on a diet.
That’s very kind. Unfortunately, I’d like to, but ...

Task 1
Listen to the following dialogue.
Offering

1. Here. Have a cookie.

Thanks.
2. ..... ..... ..... ..... pie?
No, thank you. It looks delicious though.
3. How about a glass of wine?
Thanks, ..... ..... ..... ..... (alcohol)
4. ..... ..... ..... ..... (to drink)?
Orange juice will be fine?
5. Would you like some more cake?
Sure. ..... ..... ..... . Did you bake it yourself ?
6. Can I get you some milk or something?
Well, ..... ..... ..... ..... would be okay.

Task 2
Pair work. Make a dialogue of offering something.

37 | P a g e
12. Requesting and asking for help
Some phrases of making requests:
Could / can you ..... please?
Would you mind ....?
Do you think you could .....?
Can I request ....
I’d like to request .....
Would it be possible for you to .....?
I have a request .....

Accepting a request
All right.
OK. I’ll do that.
OK. Here you are.
No, not at all
Sure! No problem!
Of course, that’s no problem.
Oh, sure. I’d be glad to.

Refusing a request
Sorry. I don’t have any money. (Say sorry and give a reason)
I’m sorry but I’m busy right now. (Say sorry and give a reason)
I’d rather not.
What! You must be kidding!
I’m afraid I can’t.

Read some requests and their responses.

A: Would you mind turning down the TV, Roshan? I’m trying to study.
B: Sure. I’ll turn it down.

A: Max, could you move your car, please? It’s blocking my way.
B: Oh, OK. I’ll park it across the street.

A: Would you mind not making so much noise?

B: Sorry. I didn’t know I was disturbing you.

A: Please close the door on your way out.

B: All right. I’ll do it.

A: Would you mind heping me to carry this table?

B: Not at all.

A: Excuse me. Could you move your legs, please?

B: Sorry. I didn’t know it was bothering you.

A: Can you help me in the kitchen?

B: Sure. No problem.

A: Can you lend me your camera for a day?

B: Oh, I’m really sorry. I’m using it.

A: Can I borrow your pen?

38 | P a g e
B: Sure. Here you are.

Read and learn how to make requests in several ways.

Lend me Rs 50, please.
Please lend me Rs 50.
Can you lend me Rs 50?/Can I borrow Rs 50?
Can you lend me Rs 50, please?/Can I borrow Rs 50, please? Could you please lend me Rs 50?
Would you mind lending me Rs 50, please?

Listen and fill in the blanks with correct phrases

Requesting

1. Give me a paper towel.

_________________________
2. Please _____________________ for me.
Okay. I’ll stop by the post office on my way home.
3. Would you please __________________?
Sorry. Is it bothering you?
4. ________________ my term paper for me?
Sure. When do you need it?
5. Would you __________________________?
Sorry. I’m not in that direction.

Pair work
Now use the cues given below to make requests to each other. You may either accept or refuse the requests.
.... open the door .... move saide
.... come in .... go out
.... get me a glass of water .... post this letter for me
.... sing a song .... help me do my homework
.... scratch my back .... wash my shirt
.... polish my shoes .... give me a massage

Pair work
Now make the requests and give your own responses (accept or refuse it).

Some phrases of asking for help:

Help me.
Can you do me a favor?
Please help me
I wonder whether you could .....
I’m sorry to trouble but I need your help.
I need your help
Help me ......... will you?
Can you . . . ? - Can you help me? / can you do me a favor?
Will you . . . ? - Will you help me?
Would you like to help me?
Could you (please) . . . ? - Could you help me?
Would you (please). . . ? - Would you please help me?
Would you mind (V+ing) . . . ? - Would you mind helping me?
Could you possibly . . . ? - Could you possibly help me out here?
(very polite) Would you be so kind as to . . . ? - Would you be so kind as to help me (with this)?

39 | P a g e
Listen and fill in the blanks with the correct phrases.
Asking for Favors

1. Can you help me with my math?

______ . _________________________?
2. Could you _______________________?
I’d be glad to. How do you like it?
3. Would you ______________________ for me?
No problem. It looks like your hands are full.
4. Could I ___________________?
It depends. What is it?

Pair work.
Make a dialogue of asking for help and the responses

40 | P a g e
13. Talking about past
Learn some rules
The simple past tense
Use the simple past tense to talk about past actions and facts.
Examples: Daphen’s plane landed an hour ago.
Diana talked to her on the phone.
I was at her party last night
He was at home last night.
They were at the game yesterday.

Questions in past
Did daphes’s plane land an hour ago?
Did Diana talk to her on the phone?
Were you at the party last night?
Was he at home last night?
Were they at the game yesterday?

Negative statement
Daphen’s plane didn’t land an hour ago.
Diana didn’t talk to her on the phone
I wasn’t at the party last night.
He wasn’t at home last night.
They weren’t at the game yesterday.

How to get information about the past? (Ask the students to ask and answer questions orally)
Where were you last night?
When were you home?
Why weren’t you here yesterday?
What did you do?
Why didn’t you let me know about your problem?
When did she finish?
How many languages could you speak when you were a child?
Where did you go?
How did you go there?
What was the place like?
What did you see there?

Regular verbs
Call called
Listen listened
Play played
Practice practiced
Study studied
Find some other past forms of regular verbs.

Irregular verbs
Come came
Do did
Find found
Forget forgot
Go went
Have had
41 | P a g e
Hear heard
Know knew
Make made
Meet met
Say said
See saw
Take took
Find some other past forms of irregular verbs.

Listen and fill in the blanks with questions in past.

Talking Past Actions

6. ..... ..... ..... ..... last Friday?

I went to a baseball game.
7. ..... ..... ..... .....?
I went Detroit.
8. ..... ..... ..... ..... .....?
I got back on Saturday night.
9. ..... ..... ..... .....?
I stayed with my parents.
10. ..... ..... ..... ..... for lunch?
She had soup and sandwiches.
11. ..... ..... ..... ..... last night?
He ate Chinese food.
12. ..... ..... ..... .....?
It was wonderful

Retelling about your past experience

Read the following story and pay attention to the use of the verbs.

Yesterday, I had a very rough day. I got up early to go shopping, but as soon as I stepped out of the door, it began
to rain, so I had to go back to the apartment and get my umbrella. The elevator was out, so I had to climb six
flights of stairs to get to my place. When I got back downstairs, I was so exhausted that I had to sit down on a
bench to rest. By that time, it had stopped raining, but the ground was still wet. A brown dog came to where I
was sitting and begged for something to eat. I tried to ignore him, but he splashed water all over my brand new
shoes. Finally, the bus came, and I was on my way to the supermarket.
When I got to the supermarket, I realized I had forgotten my shopping list, so I couldn't remember everything I
wanted to buy. The cashier was too busy to help me, so I gathered up a few items and carried them to the
counter. After the cashier finished ringing up my purchase, he gave me the wrong change and stuffed my
groceries into my small shopping cart. I was not in a good mood when I left the supermarket.
If that wasn't bad enough, I had a terrible time on the bus ride home. First, the bus driver yelled at me because I
took too much time to get on. Couldn't he see that I had a cart full of groceries? Then, there were not seats. I'm
sure that someone on the bus could have offered me a place to sit, but everyone was so rude. They pretended
not to see me. I just stood there, leaned against one of the poles in the aisles, put my head down, and sighed.

Individual work.
Write your past experience and tell it to class.

Where were you born?

Read and practice the conversation.
A: Could you tell me a little bit about yourself?
B: Sure. What would you like to know?
A: Well, where were you born?
B: I was born in London, UK.
42 | P a g e
A: Oh? Did you grow up there?
B: No, I grew up in Manchester. My family moved to Manchester when I was just a kid.
A: And, did you go to high school in Manchester?
B: Yes, I did.
A: Where did you go to college?
B: I went to college in Ontario, Canada.
A: What did you major in?
B: I majored in journalism.
A: Oh, really? And when did you finish college?
B: In the year 2000. Then I returned to London and started working for a magazine. I’m still there.

Pair work.
Now have a similar conversation using information about yourselves. Ask these and other questions of your own.
Where were you born?
Where did you grow up?
Did you live with your parents during childhood?
Were you naughty as a child?
Where did you go to school?
When did you start school?
Did you go to a private school?
Did you take part in any competitions at school?
What subjects did you study?

Have you ever .....?

Read and practice the conversation.
A: Have you ever eaten Japanese food?
B: No, I’ve never eaten Japanese food. Have you?
A: Yes, I have. I had sashimi when I was in Tokyo last year. It’s a dish of raw fish.
B: Did you like it?
A: Oh, yes. It was delicious.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A: Have you ever met a famous person?
B: Yes, I have. In fact, I met Rajesh Hamal just a week ago.
A: Oh? Where did you meet him?
B: In a restaurant in Thamel. Actually, I was having lunch there with my family and everybody was looking at a
table behind us. When I turned around to see, there he was.
A: Wow! Did you talk to him?
B: Yes, in fact, he came to our table and talked to us. He somehow knew my father. I asked him for his autograph
too. Would you like to see it?

Pair work
Now have a similar conversation. Ask these questions. Whenever you receive ‘Yes’ for an answer, ask your
partner to tell you everything about it.
Have you ever eaten Japanese food?
Have you ever met a famous person?
Have you ever eaten frogs or snakes?
Have you ever been hospitalized?
Have you ever been to Surabaya / Jakarta?
Have you ever been to a foreign country?
Have you ever quarelled with someone?
Have you ever prepared lunch or dinner?
Have you ever seen a ghost?
Have you ever lost your money?

43 | P a g e
How was your weekend?
Read and practice the conversation.
A: How was your weekend?
B: It was great! I went to a concert with my friends.

A: What did you do at the weekend?

B: My family and I went to see a film. We saw Anacondas. It was terrific.

A: What did you do on Saturday?

B: I went to out with my friends. We had lunch at a restaurant. Then we went shopping.

A: How was your weekend?

B: Oh, not very exciting. I just stayed home and watched TV. I also worked around the house for some time.

Pair work
Now have similar conversations using your own information.
How was your weekend?
It was terrific.
It was pretty good. It was OK.
It was terrible.

What did you do on Saturday?

I saw a good film.
I went to a concert.
I watched cricket on TV.

Talking about trip

Read and practice the conversation.
A: Hi, Mike. How was your trip to Gorkha?
B: It was wonderful! I really enjoyed it. A: How long were you there?
B: I was there for three days.
A: What did you do there?
B: Well, I visited the Gorkha Durbar. It’s really fantastic! Then I went trekking down to the Daraudi River. Finally I
went to the Manakamana Temple by cable car. It was a great experience.
A: Did you like the food there?
B: Yes, I did. I mostly had the local food - dal, bhat, tarkari. It was good. But I didn’t like the pickle they served. It
was very hot and had a pungent smell.
A: Were the hotels any good?
B: Yes, the hotel I stayed in was very comfortable and it also had a great view. By the way, do you want to see my
photos.
A: Sure.

Pair work
Now have a similar conversation. Ask these and other questions of your own.
How was trip to...? OR Did you enjoy your trip to...?
How long were you there?
What did you do there?
Where did you stay? OR Did you stay in a hotel?
Did you like the food there?
How did you travel?
How did you find the people there?
Is there anything that you didn’t like there? Did you buy anything?

44 | P a g e
14. Talking about future
Learn some rules.
We normally use will, be going to and present continuous to express the future. Study these rules. Then read and
practice.
We use will when we decide to do something at the time of speaking.
Rita : Let’s have a party.
Tom : That’s a great idea. We’ll invite lots of friends.
(The speaker had not decided before. The party is a new idea.)
We use (be) going to when we have to do something.
Rita : Tom and I have decided to have a party. We’re going to invite lots of friends.
John : Oh, really?
(Rita had already decided to invite lots of friends speaking to John.)
Present continuous can also have a future meaning. We use the present continuous to say what we have already
arranged to do.
A: What are you doing tomorrow?
B: I’m leaving for Thailand tomorrow. I’ve bought my tickets.

Listen and fill in the blanks with correct answer.

Talking about the Future

1. What will you do tomorrow?

I’ll help my mom with the housework.
2. When will you finish?
....................................... .
3. What will we do in class today?
........................ some word games.
4. Where will they put the table?
............................... next to the window
5. When will Joe leave for New York?
.............................. right after dinner.
6. How will he get there?
........................................ .

What are you doing?

Read and practice the conversation.
A: What are doing tomorrow?
B: I don’t have any plans as such. I think I’ll just stay home and watch TV.
A: Do you have any plans for next Saturday?
B: Yes, I’m going to do some shopping. What about you?
A: Well, I think I’ll have to join you. I need to do some shopping myself.
A: I’m throwing a house-warming party tomorrow and you’re invited.
B: Thanks. I’ll be there.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A: So, Susan, what are you doing this evening? Would you like to go out?
B: Oh, sorry. I can’t. I’m attending a party. Sheila has invited me.
A: Well, how about tomorrow evening? Are you doing anything then?
B: No, I’m not. What are you planning to do?
A: I’m going to see a musical show. Would you like to come?
B: Sure. I’d love to. What time is the show?
A: It’s at 6 o’clock. I’ll come to pick you up at 5:30. B: Thanks. See you then.
Pair work
Now have similar conversation of your own.

45 | P a g e
15. Food and drink (eating out)
Eating out vocabulary
Waiter Candle
Waitress Bill
Chef Credit card
Menu Tip
Glass Taxi
Bottle

Places to eat out:

Cafe Fast-food restaurant
cafetaria Buffet restaurant
Snack bar Family restaurant
Pub Hotel restaurant
Bistro Foreign restaurant

Types of dining
Fine dining (expensive dining). It needs reservation
Casual dining.
Fast food

Parts of menu:

 Starters/appetizers/entrees/hors D’oeuvres: eaten at the beginning of the meal, small portion (salad, chicken
wings, spring roll, bread)
 Soups (French onion soup, thick soup)
 Main courses (meat/fish/vegetarian): big food
 Sides: extra food for main course (potatoes, carrots, long beans)
 Desserts: eaten at the end of the meal, sweet food/course, small portion (pudding, cake, tarts, pie, candy,
pastry, ice cream, cookies).
 Beverages (coffee, water, milk, juice, lemonade, tea, etc.)
 Wine / Drink list (sometimes on a separate menu)

Commonly eaten types of fish:

Salmon
Shrimp
Lobster
Cod
Plaice
Haddock
Trout

How was the food?

Tasty
Tender
Delicious
Sweet
Spicy
Bland
Fatty
Bitter

46 | P a g e
Types of steak:
Fillet
Rump
Sirloin
Tender loin
T-Bone
Stewing
Steak: rare / medium / well-done

Things to do with eggs:

Boiled egg
Scrambled egg
Fried egg
Omelette

Naturally speaking
How to take order at fast food restaurant Customer

 Next, please! May I have ... (more polite)

 Can I help you Can I have ... (more polite)
 What would you like to order? I’d like to have .... (more polite)
 Is that for here or to go? Give me ...
 Is that to go?
 Anything to drink?
 Will there be anything else?
 Could you please wait a moment for your order?
 Here’s your order. Have a nice meal!

Example:
A: next, please! Can I help you?
B: Yes, I’d like a cheese burger and a large order of fries.
A: Is that for here or to go?
B: For here.
A: Anything to drink?
B: Yes, A grape soda
A: OK. That’s a cheese burger, a large fries, and a grape soda. That’ll be 99.000 rupiahs.
B: OK. Here
A: Can you please wait a moment for your order?
B: Sure.
A: ( a minute later) Here’s your order. Have a nice meal!
B: Thanks.

Booking a table in a restaurant (customers)

 I’d like to reserve / book a table for four at 8pm, please.

 I’d like to reserve / book a table for a party of six at 8pm, please.
 I’d like to book a table for two at 8 in the name of Hand, please.
 Could we have a table by the window, please?
 Could we have a non-smoking table, please?
 Could we have a table away from the kitchen / toilets, please?
 Could we have a booth, please?
 Could you make sure it’s a quiet table, please?

Example:
47 | P a g e
A: Good afternoon. Rachel’s restaurant.
B: Hello, I’d like to make reservation for dinner tonight.
A: Yes, Sir. How many people in your party?
B: Five. We’d like a table near the window too.
A: I’ll certainly it can be arranged. What time do you want your reservation for?
B: At 7.30.
A: And what is the name please?
B: The name is Hand, H-A-N-D
A: Thank you Sir.
B: Thank you. Good bye.
A: Good bye.

Arriving at the restaurant

(waiter/waitress)

 Do you have reservation?

 Party of ...
 Table for ...
 How many people?
 How many people in your party?
 Please follow me.
 Please come with me.
 Would you like to be in the smoking or the non-smoking section?

Customers

 Good evening, the name is Hand. I have a table booked for six.
 Do you have the menu in English / German / French?
 Do you have a high chair for young children, please?
 Could we have a table over there, please?
 I’m sorry but I asked for a table by the window.
 Could we have an extra chair, please?
 We’d like the buffet, please?

Ordering
Waiter / waitress (How to take the order?)

 Here’s the menu.

 Would you like something to drink?
 Would you like a starter?
 Can I take your drink order?
 What do you want to drink?
 Are you ready to order?
 Can I take your order?
 May I have your order?
 We have specials today. It ....
 Catch of the day is Fish.
 Soup of the day is (chicken noodles).
 What would you like to order?
 Will there be anything else?
 Would you like anything else?
 I’m sorry we don’t have lamb.
 I’m sorry. We’re out of veal.

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 This is a local specialty. .....
 Your order will be ready in five minutes.
 Here’s your order
 Enjoy your meal.
 Bon appetite (selamat makan)

Customers (Placing the order)

 we want to ask from the menu.

 What dish would you recommend?
 What is the house special today?
 Is there anything you would recommend?
 What are you having?
 Can you recommend anything?
 How do you serve this food?
 Do you have anything vegetarian?
 For starters I’ll have the soup and for the main course I’d like the roast beef.
 As a starter could I have ...
 Could you bring some snacks to start?
 I’d like the ....., please.
 Could I have chips instead of new potatoes, please?
 Could I see the wine menu, please?
 I want a cup od coffee, please.
 I’ll have a glass of house of red / white, please.
 Which wine would you recommend?
 As a main course I’d like ...
 As a dessert I’ll have ...
 Could we see the wine list?

During / after the meal

Waiter/waitress

 Is everything OK?
 How’s your meal?
 See you soon.

Customers

 Could we have some more bread, please?

 Do you have a pepper mill?
 Bring me a hamburger, please.
 Could I have some dressing, please?
 Could you pass me the salt, please?
 Could you take this dish away?
 It was very nice, thank you.
 That was delicious. My compliments to the chef.

Complaining (customers)

 Excuse me, but my meal is cold.

 Excuse me, we’ve been waiting for over half an hour for our drinks.
 I’m sorry but I order the side salad not the vegetables.
 Excuse me, this steak is overdone, I ordered rare.
49 | P a g e
 Excuse me, this wine isn’t chilled properly.

Paying
Customers

 Could I have the bill, please?

 Do you take visa?
 Do you take American express (a credit card)?
 We’d like separate bills, please.
 Is service included?
 May I have the receipt, please?
 No, please. This is on me (when you wish to pay for everyone).
 Here’s your tip.

Waiter/waitress

 Here’s your check.

 I’ll take care of check for you.
 You can pay me.
 Please pay as you leave.

Dialogue
Mr. And Mrs. Smith are out celebrating their wedding anniversary.
It’s 8pm. Mr. Smith (Jack) and Mrs. Smith (Jill) are celebrating their 10th wedding anniversary. They have just
arrived at the restaurant.
Mr. Smith : Well here we are. What do you think?
Mrs. Smith : It’s lovely Jack. Are you sure we can afford it?
Mr. Smith : Well I may have to do some washing up, but you’re worth it
The waiter arrives.
Waiter : Good evening, sir, madam.
Mr. Smith : Good evening. We have a reservation for a table for two in the name of Smith
Waiter : Yes, sir. May I take your coats?
Waiter takes their coats and hangs them up.
Mr. Smith : Thank you.
Waiter : You’re welcome. Would you like to come to the table or would you prefer to order in the bar?
Mr. Smith : I wouldn’t mind an aperitif. We’ll order in the bar.
Waiter : Please follow me, I’ll bring you the menu in a moment.
Mr. And Mrs. Smith order their drinks at the bar and sit down to look at the menu.
Mrs. Smith : Oh dear Jack, it’s all in French!
Mr. Smith : Well that’s what we’re paying for. Don’t worry. I’ve got an idea.
Waiter : Are you ready to order sir?
Mr. Smith : Not really. Could you recommend something?
Waiter : Certainly sir. The fresh lobster is particularly good this evening, and for starters may I
recommend a light consomme.
Mr. Smith : Sounds lovely, what do you think, dear?
Mrs. Smith : Oh yes, I love lobster.
Waiter : So, that’s two consomme and two lobsters. Would you like to look at the wine menu?
Mr. Smith : Why don’t you bring us what you think will go best. Nothing too expensive though.
Waiter : No problem sir. I’ll call you as soon as your table is ready.
The waiter walks away.
Mrs. Smith : You are clever Jack, but what about dessert?
Mr. Smith : Don’t worry, they bring round a sweet trolley, so we just point at what we fancy!
A while later Mr. And Mrs. Smith have finished eating and are drinking their coffee.
Waiter : Was everything to your satisfaction?
50 | P a g e
Mrs. Smith : Yes, lovely. Thank you
Mr. Smith : The whole meal was delicious, our compliments to the chef. Unfortunately we have to be back
for the baby-sitter, so could we pay now?
Waiter : Certainly sir, I’ll bring you the bill. Would you like me to order you a taxi?
Mr. Smith : Yes, that would be great. Thank you.
Mrs. Smith : What a nice man, we must leave him a good tip.
Mr. Smith : Yes, of course.

Task 1
In a group of 2, practice with your friend in making call for reservation.
Task 2
In a group of 4 or 5, practice a dialogue in making order in fast-food restaurant and regular restaurant.

51 | P a g e
16. Education
Useful Vocabulary
General furniture and equipment

PC(s)
desk(s) chair(s)
personal computer(s)

chalkboard(s) book(s) shelf (shelves)

OHP(s) projector(s) TV(s)

overhead projector(s) beamer(s) television(s)

copier(s)
hole punch(es) stapler(s)
photocopier(s)

Scissors Sellotape drawing pin(s)

paper clip(s)

General writing equipment

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 pen(s) biro(s) Paper

exercise book(s) ruler(s)

Special art equipment

paint brush(es) palette(s) Paint

crayon(s) pencil(s) pencil sharpener(s)

rubber(s)
Glue craft knife(knives)
eraser(s)

Special geography equipment

globe(s) map(s)

Special math equipment

53 | P a g e
 calculator(es) set square(s) protractor(s)

compass(es)

Special science equipment

bunsen burner(s) beaker(s) flask(s)

funnel(s) test tube(s)

Things you learn/study at school - subjects

1+1=2 Aa Bb Cc

Maths / Numeracy English / Literacy History

Je suis
Ich bin

Geography Science Languages

Business Studies Music Art

54 | P a g e
 IT
Drama Sport
Information Technology

The Stages of British Education and Exams

11-16 years old

5 -7 years old
Secondary school /
Primary school
Comprehensive school/
2-5 years old 7-11 years old
Grammar school
Kindergarten / Play school Junior school

Age / School

Art & Design

Biology
Business Studies
Chemistry
Citizenship
Design & Technology
Art
Drama
English
English
Geography
Geography
History
History
Modern Languages
ICT (Information and
Subjects taught Play (French/German)
Communications
Literacy
Technology)
Numeracy
Modern Languages
PSHE - (Personal Social and
Maths
Health Education)
Music
Science
PE (Physical Education)
Physics
PSHE (Personal Social and
Health Education)
RE (Religious Education)

Terminology Pre School Primary Education Secondary Education

After 16

55 | P a g e
 16+
18+
Sixth form/
University
College

Tertiary Education Further Education

Asking about someone’s education:

Where did you go to school?

What university did you go to?
What did you study?
What qualifications have you got?
What year did you graduate?
What made you decide to study that?
Have you done any vocational training?

Dialogue
Here is a conversation between Mr. Smith (a Math teacher) and Sam (his student)
Where’s your homework?
Mr. Smith: Hello Sam. Have you got your Math’s homework?
Sam: No, I'm sorry Mr. Smith. I forgot it.
Mr. Smith: That's not good enough Sam. It was due last week.
Sam: I know. I've been very busy at home.
Mr Smith: Well, maybe I should come and speak to your parents.
Sam: Oh, please don't Mr Smith. I'm really sorry. I promise I'll bring it tomorrow.
Mr Smith: Ok. But make sure you do. Or I will have to speak to the head.

Group Work.
In a group of 3, make a dialogue about education

56 | P a g e
17. Entertainment
Useful Vocabulary
Entertainment - Going Out - Places to go

Theatre(s) Cinema(s) Museum(s)

Art Gallery
Circus(es) Fun Fair(s)
(Galleries)

Zoo(s) Casino(s) Disco(s)

Build Up
If you go to any of these places are you a customer, a visitor or a member of the audience?

 If you go to the theatre, cinema, or circus you are a member of the audience.
 If you go to a museum, zoo, fun fair, or art gallery, you're a customer or a visitor.
 If you go to a disco or casino, you're a customer.
 If you go to a casino, you're a customer (or a mug).

What do you do when you're there?

 You go to the cinema to watch a film or a movie. You can say, "I'm going to the cinema / films / flicks /
pictures." We also call it the silver screen.
 You go to the theatre to watch the performance, it could be a play, a show, a musical, a gig, a pantomime, a
puppet show, an opera or a ballet.
 You go to a museum or an art gallery to see an exhibition.
 You go to a casino to gamble and to try and win money, but you'll probably lose it instead.
 You go to a zoo to watch or look at or see the animals.
 You go to a disco to listen to music and dance.
 You go to a circus to watch the acts.
 You go to a fun fair to go on the rides, see the side shows, and to play the games.

Naturally speaking
Buying a ticket:

 “I’d like one adult and one child for Cineme 3, please.”
57 | P a g e
 “Can I get one ticket for the matinee?”
 “Are there any seats left for the 1.45 show?”
 What’s on? There are five new films showing at the cinema.
The latest Spielberg film has just been released.
It was premiered in New York last month.

Ordering refreshment:

 “I’d like a large popcorn and a small softdrink please. Do those nachos come with cheese? Oh and I’ll have a
box pof chocolates too. Thanks.”

Mr. And Mrs. Smith are trying to decide what to do at the weekend. Mr. Smith is reading the entertainment
section in the newspaper.

Mr Smith: There's a new casino opening. Do you fancy going this weekend?
Mrs
No way! It's a mug's game.
Smith:
Mr Smith: Well how about seeing a film instead?
Mrs
I don’t know. What's on?
Smith:
Mr Smith: Blood Diamond is showing. I quite fancy seeing that.
Mrs
Oh dear. I don’t think I want to watch that one. The reviews say it is a very violent flick.
Smith:
Mr Smith: We could go to the theatre and see a play instead.
Mrs That’s a good idea! I think Calendar Girls is still playing. I heard on the radio that it is a wonderful
Smith: stage play.
Mr Smith: Oh. Well to be honest, I would rather go to a concert and hear some good music.
Mrs
Well we haven't been to a concert in ages, but I still fancy the theatre.
Smith:
Mr Smith: Well why don't we go to the matinee performance and then take in a concert later?
Mrs
What a good idea. Phone up the box office and book some tickets.
Smith:

Group Work.
In a group of 4, make a dialogue about entertainment.

58 | P a g e
18. Life and death
Useful Vocabulary

Birth

pregnant
A woman becomes pregnant. We say she's pregnant. She's having a baby.
pregnancy We call also call it a pregnancy.

She goes to an antenatal clinic for check ups. Antenatal means "before
Antenatal
birth", it's also called prenatal.

Labour Eventually she starts to have the baby. We call this going into labour.

Birth When the baby arrives we say the mother has given birth. The baby is called
a newborn baby.
newborn

Baby We also say the parents have had a baby.

Milk
Babies drink milk. They can be breast fed.
breastmilk

Bottle They can be bottle fed.

59 | P a g e
 Nappy Babies have to have their nappy changed.

Certificate All babies are registered at birth, and issued with a birth certificate.

baptism / Some babies are baptized / christened by their parents. The ceremony is
christening called a christening or a baptism.

Pram Babies can't walk so they get pushed in prams.

Pushchair When babies are older they go for walks in pushchairs.

If someone can't have children they may adopt a child who is in need of a
Adopt
family.

Growing Up - The stages of childhood

baby
infant Between 1 to 12 months you are a baby, an infant, or a girl / boy.
girl
boy

Between the ages of 1 to 3 years, when you start to walk, you are a toddler, or a girl
Toddler
/ boy.

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 preschooler
child Between the ages of 3 to 5 years you are a preschooler, a child, a kid, or a girl / boy.
kid

schoolchild
Between the ages of 5 to 10 years you are a child, a schoolchild / schoolgirl /
schoolgirl
schoolboy, or a girl / boy.
schoolboy

Between the ages of 11 to 12 years you are a preteen, a schoolchild / schoolgirl /

Preteen
schoolboy, a child, or a girl / boy.

teenager
Between the ages of 13 to 19 years you are a teenager.
teen

From the age of 18 you are legally an adult, or a man / woman. This is the age at
man
which you can get married without having to ask your parents (called parental
woman
consent).

Growing Old

graduate (v) When you are an adult you might graduate from University. Then you become a
post graduate.
graduate (n)

Work
When you are an adult you need to work and get a job.
Job

Marriage
When you are an adult you might get married.
married

partner

61 | P a g e
 family
When you're an adult you might have a family and become a parent.
parent

housewife When you're an adult you might decide to stay at home to look after your family.
househusband Then you become a housewife or a househusband.

Retire
When you are 65 you can retire. Then you become a pensioner.
pensioner

Death and dying

die
When you die you pass away and you are dead.
dead You become known as the deceased.

death
undertaker

coffin Your body is taken to an undertakers and placed in a coffin. Then your family and
friends hold a ceremony - a funeral or burial
funeral

burial

grave
You are buried in a grave.
buried

mausoleum You may end up in a mausoleum

62 | P a g e
 Wreath People send a wreath.

will

heir(s) Hopefully your wrote a will before you died. A will tells your executor about how
you want your belongings to be shared between your heirs. This is their inheritance..
inheritance

Orphan If both your parents die when you're still young, you are an orphan.

Naturally speaking
Things we say / write:

About the birth of a Congratulations!

baby. Congratulations on the birth of your baby girl / boy.

About a graduation. Congratulations!

Well done!
All the best for the future.
Congratulations on graduating.
Congratulations on your graduation.

About a wedding. Congratulations!

All the best for the future.
Best wishes on your marriage.
Best wishes on your wedding day.

About retirement. Congratulations!

All the best for the future.
Congratulations on your retirement.
Best wishes for your retirement.

About a death. I'm sorry for your loss.

I'm so sorry to hear that.
When you hear someone has died you offer your condolences to the family and friends of
the person. Sometimes there is an obituary printed in the paper.
Please accept my sincere condolences.

Dialogue
Here is a dialogue between Mrs. Smith and her husband
It’s Saturday morning and Mr. Smith is reading the newspaper.

63 | P a g e
Mrs Smith : Anything interesting in the paper?
Mr Smith: Not much. I was just reading the announcements.
Mrs Smith:
That's a bit morbid.

Mr Smith: Not at all, it's births and marriages as well as deaths. But I did read one of the oribituaries. It
seems that the old lady down the road passed away.
Mrs Smith: Really? That's a shame. I know she went to hospital, but I hadn't heard any more. I shall have to
phone up and offer my condolences.
Mr Smith: Rather you than me. I never know what to say in those circumstances.

Group Work.
In a group of 4, make a dialogue of life and death. And perform it for class.

64 | P a g e
19. Interest and sports
How to ask about someone’s interest: Response

 What do you do in your spare free time? I love ...

 What do you usually do at the weekend? I really like ...
 Do you do much sport? I enjoy ...
 Are you interested in classical music? I quite like ...
 Do you like walking? I’m not keen on ...
I don’t really like ...
I can’t stand ...
I really hate ...

Interests
Outdoor : I go walking / climbing / fishing / hunting / camping / skiing / hiking.
Games : I play chess / bridge / poker.
Collectors : I collect stamps / coins / antiques.
Creative : I like photography / painting.
Subjects : I’m interested in politics / history / psychology / impressionism.
Music : I play the guitar / the piano / the sexophone / in a band.
Cultural : I like reading / classical music / ballet / opera / the theatre / art.

Common Sports

Archery Badminton Cricket Cycling

Football
Darts Golf Horse Racing
(More Vocabulary)

Table
Snooker Squash Tennis
Tennis

65 | P a g e
Contact Sports

Boxing Judo Rugby Wrestling

Water Sports

Angling / Fishing Canoeing Kayaking

Rowing Sailing Water Skiing

Winter Sports

Curling Ice Skating Skiing

Less Usual Sports

Croquet Fencing Hockey

66 | P a g e
 Lacrosse Polo Hunting / Skeet / Shooting

How do you play / do some of these sports

Badminton
A racquet sport played by either two players (singles) or two pairs (doubles). Played on a court divided by a net
with racquets and a shuttlecock. You play a game of badminton. /th>
Cricket
A team game, usually played outdoors, on a cricket pitch, with a bat, a cricket ball, and stumps, There are11
players on each team. You play a cricket match.
Darts
Darts is played by two players. Darts are thrown at a dart board. You play a game of darts or a darts match.
Football (Footy)
A team sport, usually played outdoors, on a football pitch, with a round football, a goal, with two teams of 11
players, and a goal keeper (goalie). You play a game of football or a football match. Americans insist on calling it
soccer.
Golf
Usually played by individuals, golf is played on a golf course, using several types of golf clubs and a golf ball. You
play a game of golf or a round of golf.
Rugby
A team sport, played outdoors, on a rugby pitch, with an oval rugby ball, and two teams of 15 players. You play a
game of rugby or a rugby match.
Tennis
A racquet sport played by either two players (singles) or two pairs (doubles). Played on a court divided by a net
with racquets and a tennis ball. You play a game of tennis or a tennis match.
15-0 (fifteen-love)
15-15 (fifteen-all)
40-40 (deuce pronounced like “juice”)

Results
To win / lose something : She won the match. She lost the game / tournament.
She won by two sets to love (dia menang dua set telak)
She won on a tie-break 7-6 (dia memenangkan permainan dengan beda tipis 7-6)
To beat / lose someone : Graff beat Sanchez. America lost to Brazil.
To draw : Thay drew the game America and Brazil drew.

Places
Football stadium
Football ground
Tennis court
Golf course
Swimming pool
Formula 1 race track
67 | P a g e
Naturally speaking
Making enquiries Making enquiries
Buying a ticket to a sporting event: Questions about sporting events

 I`d like four tickets please.
o Would you like front row seats?
 That sounds great, but how much do they
cost?
o They`re £30 each.
 Oh that's fine. I`d like to reserve four
front-row seats for this Saturday`s match.
o Ok, that`ll be £120.
 Here you go.
o Thank you. Here are your tickets.
 How much are the tickets?
 Who`s playing today?
 Who`s winning?
 What`s the score?
 How much time is left in the game?
 Which half are we in?
 Do you think this game will be a draw?
 Do you think this team will go to the
finals?
 Do you think your team will be relegated /
promoted this year? (Ref: Football)
 What's your handicap? (Ref: Golf.)

Dialogue
Mr. Smith is discussing about the football with his wife
Sport - Conversation
Mr. Smith: I`ve been thinking about exchanging our football tickets. Instead of going to Friday's game, I
think we should go on Saturday. Then, John and his friend Mark could come with us because
they wouldn`t have school the next day. What do you think?
Mrs Smith : I think that`s a great idea. I didn`t really like the idea of keeping John out of school just to got to
a football match.
Mr Smith: I know. So, shall we swap them?
Mrs Smith: Well, first, let me check with Mark`s parents to see if he`s free on Saturday.
Mr Smith: OK, go for it!
(Dials the phone)
Mrs Smith: Hello Mark. It`s Joan, Joan Smith, John`s mother. I was wondering are you free this Saturday?
And if you are would you like to come to the match with us?
Yes, I'm free and I'd love to, but I'll have to check with my parents.
Mark: (Pause)
Yes, they say it`s fine. I can go. Could you give me a lift though?
Mrs Smith: That`s great! John will be glad, and of course we can pick you up. How does 2pm sound?
Mark: Sounds great. I`ll look forward to it.
Mrs Smith: OK, we`ll see you on Saturday and John will see you at school tomorrow.
Mark: .OK, thanks Mrs. Smith. I can`t wait!
OK Mark, we`ll see you then. Have a good evening, give my regards to your mum and dad.
Mrs Smith:
(Hangs up the phone)
Mr Smith: So, is he coming?
Mrs Smith: Yes. Let`s go and change those Friday tickets.

Group Work
In a group of 2, make a dialogue about interest / sport. And perform it for class.

68 | P a g e
20. Some easy ways to ask and answer common questions
in English
A. How to get in touch with someone after you have met them once already.
In a lot of textbook, you’ve probably seen the question;
“What’s your phone number?”
It’s useful question but they are two problems:
 Firstly, it can sound too direct especially when talking to members of the opposite sex.
 Secondly, people use the phone a lot less these days than they used to. Instead, they might prefer to connect
by email or on a social network like face book.

To start with, though, a simple variation that sounds a little less direct is: (more polite)
“Could I get your phone number?”
(It’s casual and can be used in almost any situation).
“Could I get your email address?

You can reply:

“Of course, my phone number is .....”
“Of course, my email address is .....”
“Of course, It’s ...... .

If you want to connect with someone through social network, you may ask:
“Are you on face book?”
“Are you on LinkedIn?”
“Are you on Skype?”

To answer you can simple say:

“Yes, I am.”
“No, I’m not.”
“No, but my email address is ...
“No, but my phone number is ...

If you ask someone for their phone number, make sure you talk for some time before requesting this kind of
personal information.

B. How to ask someone where they went to school or college.

Asking someone where they went to college is a good small talk question and conversation starter. However, you
have to be careful not to offend people if they didn’t go to college. We’ll tell you how to do this. if the other
person is over 22, it’s likely they will have left college already. So you ask using past tense:
“Where did you go to college?” (US)
“Where did you go to school?”
“Where did you go to university?” (British)

Answer:
I went to (university) in (city, country)
“I went to Tokyo university in Japan.”
“I went to Oxford university in England.”
“I went to Brawijaya university in Malang.”

To be polite, give some comments:

“Wow, that’s really famous university.”
“Oh, really?”

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If someone said that she / he didn’t go to the college, it’s polite not to act surprised but instead make a positive
comment like:
“Oh, really?”
“Did you straight into a job?”

A good follow up question to keep the conversation going is to ask the other person “What did you study?” or
“What was your major?”

C. How to ask someone’s name.

In this part you are going to learn some new ways to ask someone “What’s your name?”. Most native speakers of
English would never say this in English. It’s often more polite to be a little indirect. Just introduce yourself and
most people will respond by doing the same thing. Just say:
“Hi, I’m Alisha, and you?”

You’ve met this person once before, but you’ve forgotten their name. The most polite thing to do this is to
apologize and ask again:
“I’m sorry. What was your name again?”

In the US, it’s normal to address people by name in conversation more than once. In both formal and informal
situation, it’s a way to show respect and interest in other person and can help you make friends. It’s also a great
way to practice someone’s name so you don’t forget it. If you are talking to someone named Ann for example,
“Ann, what do you do for fun?” or “What do you do for fun, Ann?”

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 References
Bruce Tillit and Mary Newton Bruder. 12th printing 1999. Speaking Naturally, Communication Skills in American
English. Cambridge University Press.
Betty Schrampfer Azar, second edition. 1993. Understanding and Using English Grammar. Prentice Hall and
Binarupa Aksara.
Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 3rd edition. 2008. Cambridge University Press.
Bob Dignen. 1999. English for Socializing. England, York Assosiates.
Bob Dignen. 1999. English Grammar. England, York Assosiates.
Bob Dignen. 1999. English for Telephone Calls. England, York Assosiates.
Studnt’s book for Beginning 2. 2004. AMECC International.
Sudarwati, Th. M. and Eudia Grace. 2014. Pathway to English 1. Penerbit Erlangga.
http://www.allonlinefree.com/ebook.pdf/englishforbeginners.
http://www.eslgold.com/speakingmaterialsfor beginners.
http://www.learnenglish.de/vocabulary.
http://englishclass101.com.

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