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Deflection Diagrams and the Elastic Curve

Supports

1. Roller or Rocker 2. Pin

DEFLECTIONS
θ θ

∆=0 ∆=0

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3. Fixed Support 4. Fixed-Connected Joint 5. Pin-Connected Joint The Bending Diagram

+M

θ2
θ
positive bending

∆=0
θ1
θ=0 θ
-M

negative bending

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Elastic Beam Theory

w
P
DOUBLE INTEGRATION
METHOD
x
dx

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Elastic Beam Theory

Elastic Beam Theory
O’ δ (ds – ds’)
ε= = O’ 1 M
=
L ds ρ EI
but, ds = ρdθ
dθ since, dx = ρdθ
ds’ = (ρ – y)dθ dθ
M M 1 dθ
1 ε M M =
ds ds’ then, = ρ dx
y y ρ y ds ds’
dx dx y y but, θ=y’(slope)
dx dx
applying Hooke’s Law:
d2y M
y’’= =
1 M EI
= dx2
ρ EI
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Elastic Beam Theory

THE DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
From calculus, the curvature is defined as

1 y” d2y/dx2 d2y M
= = =
ρ [1+ y’2 ]3/2 [1+ (dy/dx)2 ]3/2 dx2 EI

M d2y/dx2
= By first integration, the slope can be determined.
EI [ 1 + (dy/dx)2 ]3/2
dy M
Since the slope of the elastic curve is relatively small,
dx
= ∫ EI + C1
d2y M
=
dx2 EI

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NOTE:
THE DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
The constants of integration C1 and C2 can be found by
applying the appropriate boundary conditions.
d2y M
=
dx2 EI Support Type dy/dx y
Hinge or Roller value 0
Fixed 0 0
By second integration, the deflection can be determined.
CONTINUITY OF LOADING
M
y = ∫ ∫ EI + C1x + C2 All negative values inside the < > will become zero.

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PROCEDURE: SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 1

1. Solve for the reactions. Determine the maximum deflection of the simply supported
2. Check the continuity of loading. In case that there is/are beam loaded by a uniformly distributed load through out its
loading/s that is/are discontinuous, adjust all of these into length. Assume a constant flexural rigidity(EI).
continuous loading/s
3. Make a Moment Equation. 10kN/m
4. Make a Slope Equation.
5. Make a Deflection Equation. A B
6. Solve for Constants C1 and C2 of the equations using the
support conditions or other known slope and deflection 6m
along the beam.
7. Use the equations to get the slope and deflection.

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SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 2 SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 3

The simply supported beam is loaded by two concentrated Find the value of EIy at the position midway between the
loads as shown in the figure below. Assume a constant supports and at the overhanging end of the beam shown.
flexural rigidity(EI). Determine the Following:
a.) slope at the left support.
b.) slope at the right support. 600 N
400 N/m
c.) slope at midspan.
d.) deflection at midspan. B C D
e.) maximum deflection. A E

1m 3m 2m 2m

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SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 4 SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 5

Find the value of EIy at the position midway between the
A simply supported beam carries the load shown. Determine
supports.
the maximum deflection.
600 N/m
10kN/m

B C
A D

A B 2m 3m 1m

6m
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