Access Steel Data Sheets Binded

Flow chart: Design of a non-composite beam under uniform loading - detailed procedure
Flow chart: Design of a non-composite beam under uniform loading -

detailed procedure
SF001a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Design of a non-composite beam under uniform loading

- detailed procedure
These charts cover the verification of the design resistance of a non composite beam under
uniform loading, without axial force. The beam is a rolled I-section. The cases for unrestrained
and laterally restrained compression flange are covered. In addition to an overview, there are
charts for the detailed procedures for calculating shear resistance, bending resistance of the
cross section and buckling resistance moment.
Start
Span length Calculate internal forces

VEd, MEd
Load combination and moments
NCCI for initial

Cross-section
sizing
Choose beam section data
SN010
Steel grade
EN 1993-1-1
Calculate the design shear
§ 6.2.6 VRd
resistance
This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Use of this document is subject to the terms and conditions of the Access Steel Licence Agreement
No VEd ≤ V Rd
Yes
EN 1993-1-1 Calculate the design

§ 6.2.5 resistance for bending of Mc,Rd
the cross-section
No MEd ≤ Mc,Rd
Yes
Restraint Compression flange

Yes End
data restrained?
No
EN 1993-1-1 Calculate the design

§ 6.3.2 buckling resistance Mb,Rd
moment
Created on Friday, May 28, 2010
No M Ed ≤ M b,Rd
Yes
End

detailed procedure
SF001a-EN-EU
Calculate the design shear resistance, VRd
Start
EN 1993-1-1 hw 72ε
§ 6.2.6 (6) ≤
tw η
Yes
EN 1993-1-1
Calculate the shear resistance
§ 6.2.6 (2)
VRd = Vc,Rd
No
EN 1993-1-5 Calculate the shear buckling

§ 5.2 resistance VRd
VRd = Vb,Rd
Return

detailed procedure
SF001a-EN-EU
Calculate the design resistance for bending of the cross-section, Mc,Rd
Start
Cross-section
data
Steel grade
Determine the class of the
cross-section
EN 1993-1-1
Table 5.2
Class 1 or 2 ? No
Class 3 ? No
EN 1993-1-5
Calculate the effective
Chapter 4 Weff,min
modulus
Yes
Yes Calculate the elastic
moment resistance of the
effective cross-section
Mc,Rd = Weff,min fy / M0
EN 1993-1-1 Calculate the elastic

§ 6.2.5 moment resistance
Mc,Rd = Wel fy / M0
Calculate the plastic

moment resistance Mc,Rd
Mc,Rd = Wpl fy / M0
Return

detailed procedure
SF001a-EN-EU
Calculate the design buckling resistance moment, Mb,Rd
Start The method in §6.3.2.4

is not within the scope
of this flow chart.
SN002
Use simple method for

LT ?
Yes
Section properties
Steel grade
Determine slenderness using
Beam length
simple equation
design bending
moments No
EN 1993-1-1
Calculate critical buckling
§ 6.3.2.2 Mcr
moment Mcr
SN003 Calculate slenderness using
λ LT =
Wy fy λ LT
M cr
Wy = Wpl,y for 1 Class or 2
Wy = Wel,y for Class 3
Wy = Weff,y for Class 4
EN 1993-1-1
LTB may be
§ 6.3.2.2 (4) λ LT > λ LT,0 No
ignored
Return
Use limit for

rolled sections
EN 1993-1-1 § Yes
6.3.2.3
EN 1993-1-1
Determine the appropriate Curve for
Table 6.5
buckling curve equation 6.57
EN 1993-1-1
§ 6.3.2.3 Calculate the reduction factor
Formula 6.57 LT
LT
EN 1993-1-1
§ 6.3.2.3 (2) Calculate the modified
Formula 6.58 reduction factor LT,mod
LT,mod = LT / f
EN 1993-1-1
§ 6.3.2.2 Calculate:
Formula 6.55 Mb,Rd
Mb,Rd = LT,mod Wy fy / M1
Wy = Wpl,y for 1 Class or 2

Wy = Wel,y for Class 3
Wy = Weff,y for Class 4
Return

detailed procedure
SF001a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title
detailed procedure
Reference(s) All languages
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Alain BUREAU CTICM 14/03/2005
Technical content checked by Yvan GALEA CTICM 14/03/2005
Editorial content checked by D C Iles SCI 31/5/05
Technical content endorsed by the
following STEEL Partners:
1. UK G W Owens SCI 31/5/05
2. France A Bureau CTICM 10/5/05
3. Sweden A Olsson SBI
4. Germany C Műller RWTH 13/5/05
5. Spain J Chica Labein 20/5/05
Resource approved by Technical
G W Owens SCI 06/6/06
Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
This translation made and checked by:
Translated resource approved by
Flow chart: Frame analysis

SF002a-EN-EU

This flow chart illustrates the process of frame analysis, for both 'sway frames' and 'non-sway
frames'. The output of the analysis is the design forces for members and connections.
NOTE: In a frame, the effects caused by the deformation of the frame may be more or less important. This is checked
according to §5.2.1 of EN 1993-1-1 and if the criterion is fulfilled the frame is denoted non-sway frame. If the criterion is not
fulfilled the frame is denoted sway frame. (See Commentary on §5.2.1.) A non-sway frame is usually braced but it may also be
very rigid in itself. It is theoretically possible that a braced frame will fall in the category sway frame. In such a case it is
recommended to increase the stiffness of the bracing.
Start
Vertical and
horizontal
loads from EN 1993-1-1
EN 1991 §5.2.2(8)
Choose method
Verify stability by
Equivalent column
considering
method
imperfections
Material
Choose material and
and section
section properties
properties
EN 1993-1-1
§5.3.2(4)B
EN 1993-1-1 §6.3
Yes HEd ≥ 0,15VEd
No
Initial sway
EN 1993-1-1 imperfections or
Calculate initial sway
§5.3.2 equivalent
imperfections
horizontal forces
(sway)
SN001 Determine sensitivity

αcr
to sway - calculate αcr
EN 1993-1-1 αcr≥10
§5.2.1 (αcr≥15 for plastic
analysis) Yes
No
Determine member
Determine member design forces for non-

For bracing design
design forces for sway frames by First
see SF007
sway frames Order Analysis
MEd, VEd, NEd
Proceed to verification
of elements (beams
columns & connections)
Stop
SF002a-EN-EU
Equivalent column method
Start
Material
SN012 Choose material and
and section
section
properties
A
Perform first order
MEd, NEd
frame analysis
Determine the
SN008 slenderness
parameter using λ
Lcr fy
λ=
iπ E
EN 1993-1-1 Determine the

§6.3.1.2 reduction factor for
flexural buckling
EN 1993-1-1 Determine the design

§6.3.1.1(3) resistance to Nb,Rd
compression
EN 1993-1-1
Go to
§6.3.1.1(1) NEd Nb,Rd ≤ 1,0 No
A
Yes
EN 1993-1-1
§6.3.2.1
Determine the design
Mb,Rd
bending resistance
EN 1993-1-1
§6.3.2.2
Go to
MEd Mb,Rd ≤ 1,0 No
EN 1993-1-1 A
§6.3.2.1(1)
Yes
EN 1993-1-1 Interaction
Go to
§6.3.3 between M and N No
A
OK?
Proceed to verification of elements (beams

columns connections)
Yes For non-sway frames use first order
member forces. For sway frames allow for
second order effects by increasing first
Stop order effects according to §5.2.2(6)B of
EN 1993-1-1.
SF002a-EN-EU
Determine member design forces for sway frames
Start
Determine if local bow Check each member

imperfections have to and introduce
be considered horizontal forces
where condition is
fulfilled, excluding
those with hinges in
EN 1993-1-1 both ends.
§5.3.2(6) λ > 0,5 A fy N Ed
Yes
EN 1993-1-1 Calculate additional Equivalent

§5.3.2 effects of initial bow horizontal forces
imperfections (bow)
No
Second order analysis

can be used for any
magnitude of sway
parameter. However,
the magnification of
Select method of first order effects is
allowing for sway more simple, if
effects applicable. This
method only applies to
an elastic analysis.
Includes permanent
and variable loading
and equivalent
horizontal forces αcr≥ 3 No
Design Yes
loading
Carry out First Order Carry out Second

Elastic Analysis Order Analysis
Allow for second order

effects by increasing
EN 1993-1-1 Member
sway effects using
§5.2.2 (6)B design forces
1 MEd, VEd, NEd
1 − 1 α cr
Return
SF002a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Frame analysis
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Emma Unosson SBI 05/07/2005
Technical content checked by Bernt Johansson SBI 05/07/2005
3. Sweden A Olsson SBI 30/6/05
4. Germany C Müller RWTH 30/6/05

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
Flow chart: Floor slab design
SF003a-EN-EU

This flow chart illustrates the design process of composite floor slabs from first principles.
Note: Composite slabs are usually designed using safe load tables produced by manufacturers of profiled steel sheeting. For
design of precast or partially precast floor slabs, see trade literature. For precast hollow core units, supported by built-in
beams, the effect of flexible supports has to be considered, see ECCS Publication 103 (published jointly with IHPA).
Start
Section properties
Design Choose sheeting, slab
EN 1994-1-1 §9.3 for the sheeting
loading, dimensions and
and the slab from
MEd, VEd reinforcement
trade literature
Consider the situation

where the sheeting
acts as formwork as
well as the situation
where the steel and
concrete act A
compositely.
Check the sheeting as

formwork
EN 1993-1-3
§6.1.11
EN 1994-1-1
§9.6(2)
Concentrated load or
line load ?
Yes
EN 1994-1-1 Determine effective

§9.4.3 width of composite bem, bev
slab No
EN 1994-1-1
Check bending
§9.7.2
resistance of
composite slab
Determine resistance
to longitudinal shear
Page 2
1
SF003a-EN-EU
Floor slab design, page 2
From
Page 1 Chose type of end
anchorage
according to
§9.1.2.1
No End anchorage? Yes
EN 1994-1-1 Check resistance to Check resistance to EN 1994-1-1

§9.7.3 longitudinal shear longitudinal shear with §9.7.4
without end anchorage end anchorage
EN 1994-1-1
§9.7.5
Vv,Rd
to vertical shear
EN 1992-1-1
§6.2.2
Go to A
No VEd ≤ Vv,Rd
(page 1)
EN 1994-1-1 Yes
§9.7.6
Vp,Rd
to punching shear
EN 1992-1-1
§6.4.4
Go to A
No VEd≤Vp,Rd
(page 1)
Verification of
EN 1994-1-1 §9.8
serviceability limit
states
End
2
SF003a-EN-EU
Check the sheeting as formwork
Start
From trade
literature
Consider positive and
negative bending
Check the design
moment and
resistance of the MRd, RRd
resistance to support
sheeting as formwork
reaction according
EN 1993-1-3 MSd < MRd

Go to A
§6.1.11 Interaction M & R No
(page 1)
RSd < RRd
Yes
Determine the
s
deflection s for SLS
EN 1994-1-1
Go to A
§9.6(2) δ s ≤ δ s,max No
(page 1)
Yes
Consider the possible extra weight of the
Return concrete caused by the deflection, see
EN 1994-1-1 §9.3.2(2). If <1/10 of the
slab depth, ignore extra weight; if >1/10
of the slab depth, increase the nominal
thickness of the concrete by 0,7 .
3
SF003a-EN-EU
Check bending resistance of composite slab

In cases of full
Start shear connection,
EN 1994-1-1 see EN 1994-1-1
§9.7.2 §9.7.2 (1). In
Figure 9.5: cases of partial
Sagging moment, shear connection,
neutral axis above see page 5 or 6.
sheeting
Determine bending
resistance of MRd
composite slab
EN 1994-1-1
§9.7.2
Figure 9.6:
Sagging moment,
neutral axis in
sheeting
Go to A
MEd≤MRd No
(page 1)
Yes
EN 1994-1-1
§9.7.2
Yes
Figure 9.7:
Hogging moment
More critical
sections?
No
Return
4
SF003a-EN-EU
Check resistance to longitudinal shear without end anchorage
Start
The design resistance

against longitudinal shear
should be determined by
EN 1994-1-1 Determine resistance
the m-k method or by the
§9.7.3 to longitudinal shear
partial connection method
without end anchorage
§9.7.3 (2). Values of m
and k are given by
manufacturers.
EN 1994-1-1
§9.7.3 (4) m-k method? Yes V1,Rd
No
EN 1994-1-1
Partial connection
§9.7.3 (8) MRd
method
Go to A
MRd > MEd No No V1,Rd > VEd
(page 1)
Yes
Return
5
SF003a-EN-EU
Check resistance to longitudinal shear with end anchorage
Start
The design resistance
of slabs with anchorage
of types (c) and (d)
defined in §9.1.2.1 can
EN 1994-1-1 Determine resistance be determined by the
§9.7.4 to longitudinal shear partial connection
with end anchorage method.
Resistance may
Anchorage
No be found in
type (c)?
trade literature.
Yes
EN 1994-1-1
§9.7.4(3)
Design resistance of a
Ppb,Rd, PRd
headed stud
EN 1994-1-1
§6.6.4
The design shear resistance

Ppb,Rd > PRd Yes Ppb,Rd = PRd
should be taken as the resistance
in a solid slab multiplied by a
reduction factor.
No
EN 1994-1-1 Calculate design

§9.7.4 resistance with partial
connection method
MRd
Go to A
MRd > MEd No
(page 1)
Return
6
SF003a-EN-EU
Verification of serviceability limit state
Start
Design loads for

Yes SLS
EN 1994-1-1
Cracking of concrete
§9.8.1
SLS
Crack widths in
hogging moment
regions.
Check condition in
Additional §9.8.1 (2)
Go to A Crack width
reinforcement in No
(page 1) OK?
the cracking zone
From trade
literature
EN 1994-1-1 Yes
§9.8.2(6)
Effects from end slip End slip
EN 1994-1-1
§9.8.2(7)
End slip>0,5 mm at a
load<1,2 times the design
service load
Calculations of deflections
may be omitted if the
conditions in EN 1994-1-1
§9.8.2(4) are met. Yes
Consider §9.8.2(8) if the
influence of the shear Provide end anchors
connection is not known or include effects of
from tests. end slip when
calculating the No
deflections.
EN 1994-1-1
Calculate deflections
§9.8.2 wtot, wmax
due to loading
Deflection limits
should be
specified for each Determine deflection
tot, max
project. Limits limits
may be given in
National Annex
wtot ≤
tot
Go to A
No and
(page 1)
wmax ≤ max
Yes
Return
7
SF003a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Floor slab design
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Emma Unosson SBI 05/07/2005
Technical content checked by B Johansson/A Olsson SBI 05/07/2005
Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
8
Flowchart: Design of a simply supported composite beam - Details

SF004a-EN-EU

This chart covers the choice of beam section and verification of the design resistance of a
simply supported composite beam under uniform loading.
Start
Span Length Calculate internal forces and

VEd, MEd
Load combination moments
Choose beam section, Cross section data

concrete parameters, Steel grade
EN 1994 1-1 connectors Connectors data
§ 6.6.3
Calculate connectors
PRd
design resistance
EN 1994 1-1
§ 6.6.4
Calculate
beff
Effective width of concrete flange
EN 1994 1-1 §
5.4.1.2
Verification of bending resistance
No Bending criterion verified ?
Yes
Calculate Shear Resistance VRd
No VEd ≤ VRd
Yes
EN 1994 1-1
Verification of longitudinal shear
§ 6.6.6.2
resistance of the slab
Longitudinal shear criteria

No
verified ?
When the beam is not fully

Yes propped during construction, it has
also to be checked without the
contribution of the concrete slab
End
1

SF004a-EN-EU
Verification of bending resistance
Start
Cross section data Class of

Steel grade Classification of cross section cross-
Connectors data section
EN 1994 1-1
§ 5.5
Class1 or Class 2 ? No
Yes
Calculate
EN 1994 1-1
degree of shear connection and
§ 6.6.1.2 , min
minimum degree of shear
connection min
≥ min No
EN 1994 1-1
§ 6.2.1.2 Yes
Calculate plastic resistance
Mpl,Rd
moment
EN 1994 1-1
§ 6.2.1.3
Bending resistance
MEd ≤ Mpl,Rd No
criteria not verified
Yes
Bending resistance
Return
criteria verified
EN 1994 1-1
Calculate stresses in steel and
§ 6.2.1.5 fs, fi, c
concrete flanges
EN 1994 1-1
§ 2.4.1.2
Bending resistance
Criteria verified ? No
criteria not verified
EN 1994 1-1
§ 6.2.1.5
Yes
Bending resistance criteria:

fs ≤ fyd = fy / M Bending resistance
Return
fi ≤ fyd = fy / M criteria verified
c ≤ fcd = fck / c
2

SF004a-EN-EU
Vertical Shear resistance
Start
Cross section data hw / tw ≤ 72 / No
EN 1993 1-5 § 5.1

Yes
EN 1994 1-1 §
Calculate Shear resistance
6.2.2.2
Using VRd = Vpl,Rd
EN 1994 1-1
§ 6.2.2.3
Calculate Shear buckling
resistance VRd
Using VRd = Vb,Rd
EN 1993 1-5 § 5
Return
3

SF004a-EN-EU
Verification of longitudinal shear resistance of the slab
Start
Bending verification
with plastic resistance if
cross section is of Class 1 or 2
and > min
Bending verification with
(see page 2) No
plastic resistance ?
Yes
EN 1992 1-1 Calculate plastic longitudinal shear

§ 6.2.4 stresses in potential surfaces of
failure
EN 1992 1-1 Calculate elastic longitudinal shear

§ 6.2.4 stresses in potential surfaces of vEd
failure
EN 1992 1-1
Longitudinal shear
§ 6.2.4 vEd ≤ fcd sin f cos f No
criterion not verified
Yes
Longitudinal shear
Return
criterion verified
4

SF004a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flowchart: Design of a simply supported composite beam - Details
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Created by Pierre-Olivier MARTIN CTICM 15/03/2005

Technical content checked by Alain BUREAU CTICM 15/03/2005
1. UK G Owens SCI 30/06/05
2. France Alain BUREAU CTICM 30/06/05

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
5
Flow Chart: Design of non-composite columns
SF005a-EN-EU

This flow chart presents the simple equivalent column approach for non-composite columns.
It uses the non-dimensional member slenderness and derives an appropriate reduction curve
to be applied to the cross sectional resistance to axial compression. The chart indicates that
where the column is also subjected to bending, the interaction between compression and
buckling should be checked.
Start
Buckling length
Design loading
Lcr for column
NEd, My,Ed, Mz,Ed Lcr see SN008
buckling modes
Design guidance
on choice of
section, SN010 Column section
Choose a column
data (A, fy, E, Iy,
section
Iz, Wy)
Classify cross
section
EN 1993-1-1
§ 6.2.2.5
Is cross section
No
class 1, 2 or 3?
Yes
Determine
- effective cross section properties
- evaluate shift eN (if any) and the
resulting additional moment
Determine design resistance of Determine design resistance of

cross section cross section
Nc,Rd = Aeff fy / M0 Nc,Rd = A fy / M0
No NEd ≤ Nc,Rd
Yes
EN 1993-1-1 Determine non-dimensional

λ for axis that gives
§ 6.3.1.2 slenderness λ for flexural
buckling for both axes minimum value of χ

§ 6.3.1.4 (2) slenderness λT for torsional λT
and torsional-flexural buckling
NOTE: in most multi-storey building columns Page 2

this slenderness is less than for flexural
buckling and therefor does not govern
1
SF005a-EN-EU
Flow Chart: Column design of non-composite elements
Page 1
Use λ T instead of λ if λT > λ
EN 1993-1-1 λ ≤ 0,2
§ 6.3.1.2 (4) NEd Yes = 1,0
≤ 0,04
Ncr
No
EN 1993-1-1
§ 6.3.1.2 Determine buckling
Nb,Rd
Table 6.2 resistance
use
M1
A
No NEd ≤ Nb,Rd
(page 1)
Yes
Column
subjected to
bending? No
Yes
Determine
Interaction
interaction criteria for
criteria
both axes
EN 1993-1-1
Interaction criteria
§ 6.3.3
satisfied?
A
No Yes Stop
(page 1)
2
SF005a-EN-EU
Determination of interaction criteria for both axes
Start

§ 6.3.2.2 (1) slenderness λ LT for lateral λ LT
torsional buckling
λ LT ≤ 0,4 ? Yes LT = 1,0

No
EN 1993-1-1
Determine
§ 6.3.2.3 (1) LT
reduction factor LT
EN 1993-1-1 Calculate
§ 6.2.5 (2) My,Rd;
design resistance
Mz,Rd
for both axes
EN 1993-1-1
Annex A
(Method 1)
Determine kyy; kyz;

interaction factors kij kzy; kzz
EN 1993-1-1
Annex B
(Method 2)
EN 1993-1-1 Determine
§ 6.3.3 (4) interaction criteria
for both axes
Return
3
SF005a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow Chart: Design of non-composite columns
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Matthias Oppe RWTH 13/07/05
Technical content checked by Christian Müller RWTH 14/07/05
Editorial content checked by

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
4
Design of composite columns
Flow chart: Design of composite columns
SF006a-EN-EU
Flow Chart: Design of composite columns

This flow chart presents the simple substitutive column approach using the non-dimensional
member slenderness and an appropriate reduction curve to be applied to the cross sectional
resistance to axial compression taking account of the additional items to be considered for
steel-concrete composite members.
Start
Design Buckling
loading NEd length Lcr
Lcr see SN008
Column section
Choose a composite data:
column section Ea, Ia, Es, Is, Ecm, Ic,
Ke, Lcr, Aa, As, Ac,
A
EN 1994-1-1, Determine design

§6.7.3.2 (1) resistance of cross Npl,Rd
section
EN 1994-1-1,
Determine steel
§6.7.3.3 (1) d
contribution ratio
Check steel < 0,2 design according to EN 1992

contribution ratio No
0,2 ≤ ≤ 0,9 > 0,9 design according to EN 1993
Yes
No NEd ≤ Npl,Rd
Yes
Criteria for application

of simplified method Check whether EN1994-1-1,
General method
EN 1994-1-1, §6.7.3 simplified method of No §6.7.2
of design
design can be used
Yes
Check if
EN 1994-1-1 maximum values of
Use effective
§6.7.1 (9), Table 6.3 (d/t), (h/t) and (b/tf) Yes
section properties
are
exceeded Page 2
Use gross section

No
properties
SF006a-EN-EU
Design of composite columns (continued)
Page 1
EN1994-1-1, Determine non-

§6.7.3.3 (2) dimensional
λ y ;λ z
slenderness λ for
both axis
EN1993-1-1, Determine reduction

§6.3.1.2 factor for flexural χ = min( χ y ; χ z )
buckling resistance
Determine buckling
χ × Npl,Rd
resistance
A
No N Ed ≤ χ × N pl,Rd
(page 1)
Yes
Column
subjected to No Stop
bending?
Yes
Uniaxial
No
bending?
Yes
Determine design Determine design

resistance for resistance for
compression and compression and
uniaxial bending biaxial bending
Design Design
A A
No conditions conditions No
(page 1) (page 1)
satisfied? satisfied?
Yes
Stop Yes
SF006a-EN-EU
Determination of design resistance for compression and uniaxial

bending
Start
EN 1994-1-1
Determine simplified
§ 6.7.3.2 (5) Npm
interaction curve
Check whether
No
NEd < Npm
Yes
1 − NEd
μ d = 1,0 μd =
1 − Npm
EN 1994-1-1 MEd
≤ αM A
§ 6.7.3.6 (1) No
μ d Mpl,N,Rd (page 1)
M = 0,9 for S235, S275, S355

M = 0,8 for S420, S460
Yes
Return
SF006a-EN-EU
Determination of design resistance for compression and biaxial

bending
Start
EN 1994-1-1
Determine simplified
§ 6.7.3.2 (5) Npm
interaction curve
Check whether
Yes No
NEd < Npm
1 − NEd
μdy =
1 − Npm
μ dy = μ dz = 1,0
1 − NEd
μ´dz =
1 − Npm
EN 1994-1-1
§ 6.7.3.7 (2) Verify interaction
Return
SF006a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Design of composite columns
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
Flowchart : Vertical bracing design

SF007a-EN-EU

This chart provides an overview of the way to take into account the imperfections for the
analysis of the vertical bracing system for a multi-storey building.
Start
The criterion must be
satisfied separately for
all of the floors
ULS Loads
(vertical and HEd 0,15 VEd Yes
horizontal)
Geometry of
the frame No
EN1993-1-1
Calculate
§ 5.3.2(3) a)
the global imperfection
Calculate forces for

Calculate the equivalent the whole building
horizontal forces due to
global imperfection
Forces on bracing
Global analysis of the system due to ULS
bracing system loads and global
sway imperfection
Page 2
1

SF007a-EN-EU
Vertical bracing design (continued)

From
Page 1 For each floor
EN 1993-1-1 Calculate the imperfection

§ 5.3.2(5) for horizontal forces on floor
diaphragms
Calculate forces due to initial Forces on floor

imperfection diaphragm
For each floor φ/2
φ/2
Are columns spliced ?
Yes
Calculate the imperfection

for splice
EN 1993-1-1 Forces due to No

Calculate the forces due to
§ 5.3.3(4) imperfections in
imperfection in column splices
splices
Repeat for each floor
The local imperfections for inclined

columns and spliced columns are not
Select worst storey shear due considered to be coexistent
to local imperfections
Forces on bracing
Analyse the bracing system for system due to
local imperfection forces ULS loads and
local imperfection
Verify the bracing system members

for the worst forces
(due to global or local effects, in
conjunction with ULS forces)
End
2

SF007a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flowchart : Vertical bracing design
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by A. BUREAU CTICM 14/09/2005
Technical content checked by Y. GALEA CTICM 15/09/2005

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
3

SF007a-EN-EU

This chart provides an overview of the way to take into account the imperfections for the
analysis of the vertical bracing system for a multi-storey building.
Start
The criterion must be
satisfied separately for
all of the floors
ULS Loads
(vertical and HEd 0,15 VEd Yes
horizontal)
Geometry of
the frame No
EN1993-1-1
Calculate
§ 5.3.2(3) a)
the global imperfection
Calculate forces for

Calculate the equivalent the whole building
horizontal forces due to
global imperfection
Forces on bracing
Global analysis of the system due to ULS
bracing system loads and global
sway imperfection
Page 2
1

SF007a-EN-EU
Vertical bracing design (continued)

From
Page 1 For each floor
EN 1993-1-1 Calculate the imperfection

§ 5.3.2(5) for horizontal forces on floor
diaphragms
Calculate forces due to initial Forces on floor

imperfection diaphragm
For each floor φ/2
φ/2
Are columns spliced ?
Yes
Calculate the imperfection

for splice
EN 1993-1-1 Forces due to No

Calculate the forces due to
§ 5.3.3(4) imperfections in
imperfection in column splices
splices
Repeat for each floor
The local imperfections for inclined

columns and spliced columns are not
Select worst storey shear due considered to be coexistent
to local imperfections
Forces on bracing
Analyse the bracing system for system due to
local imperfection forces ULS loads and
local imperfection
Verify the bracing system members

for the worst forces
(due to global or local effects, in
conjunction with ULS forces)
End
2

SF007a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flowchart : Vertical bracing design
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by A. BUREAU CTICM 14/09/2005
Technical content checked by Y. GALEA CTICM 15/09/2005

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
3
Flow Chart: Simple end plate connection
SF008a-EN-EU

This chart sets out the processes for determining the shear and tying resistances of a "Simple
Joint" using an end plate connection for Beam/Column and Beam/Beam connection. The flow
chart applies to a bolted connection using non-preloaded bolts. Reference is made to detailing
guidance and use of 'standard details' to meet the requirements of a 'simple joint model'. This
chart covers the rules for the shear and tying resistances of the end plate, the supported beam
and the supporting column or beam.
Start
Beam data
A Choose end plate

size, bolt Chosen
Column data configuration & connection
compile connection data
data
Design shear
force VEd Plate thickness<...
Design tying
force NEd,u Connection ductility
No To A
OK?
Provide full
Initial Sizing Y
strength fillet
SN013
welds
Weld size OK? No To A
Rules for shear Calculate shear

resistance resistance of joint Shear
SN014 (supported beam resistance VRd
side & supporting & failure mode
side)
Shear resistance OK? No To A

VEd ≤ VRd
Rules for tying Calculate tying

Tying
resistance resistance of joint
resistance
SN015 (supported beam
NRd,u & failure
side & supporting
mode
side)
Tying resistance OK? No To A

NEd,u ≤ NRd,u
Stop
1
SF008a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow Chart: Simple end plate connection
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Edurne Núñez SCI May 2005
Technical content checked by Abdul Malik SCI July 2005

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
2
Flow Chart: Fin plate connection
SF009a-EN-EU

This chart sets out the processes for determining the shear and tying resistances of a "Simple
Joint" using a fin plate connection for Beam/Column and Beam/Beam connections. The flow
chart applies to a bolted connection using non-preloaded bolts. Reference is made to detailing
guidance and use of 'standard details' to meet the requirements of a 'simple joint model'. This
chart covers the rules for the shear and tying resistances of the fin plate, the supported beam
and the supporting column or beam.
Start
Beam data
A Choose fin plate size,

Chosen
bolt configuration &
connection
compile connection
data
data
Column
data Provide full
strength fillet
welds
Weld size OK? NO To A

Design shear
force VEd
Design tying
force NEd,u YES
Rotation
Initial sizing NO To A
capacity OK?
SN016
YES
Rules for shear Calculate shear

Shear
resistance resistance of joint
resistance VRd
SN017 (supported beam side
& failure mode
& supporting side)
Shear
resistance OK? NO To A
VEd ≤ VRd
YES
Connection
NO To A
ductility OK?
YES
Rules for tying Calculate tying Tying

resistance resistance of joint resistance
SN018 (supported beam side NRd,u & failure
& supporting side) mode
Tying
resistance OK? NO To A
NEd,u ≤ NRd,u
YES
Stop
1
SF009a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow Chart: Fin plate connection
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Abdul Malik Steel Construction Institute Mar 2005
Technical content checked by Graham Owens Steel Construction Institute Aug 2005
Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
2
Flow chart : Design of a column base under axial load

SF010a-EN-EU

This chart sets out the procedures for the design of a column base connection under axial
compression load and low shear force. Reference is made to NCCI SN037, which gives the
design model for I-section columns welded to a rectangular base plate.
Start
Column dimensions
Design forces Nj,Ed , Vc,Ed
Concrete class Calculate the
Foundation dimensions foundation bearing fjd
Base plate material strength fjd
SN037 Base plate

Estimation of the base
Dimensions hp and bp No hp, bp
plate dimensions
known ?
Yes
Calculate additional
c
bearing width c
Base plate
Calculate additional
Thickness tp No tp
bearing width c
known ?
Yes
Increase the base

Calculate the bearing
plate thickness tp Nj,Rd
resistance Nj,Rd
and/or the area Ac0
No Nj,Ed ≤ Nj,Rd
Yes
EN1993-1-8
§6.2.2(5)
Calculate the shear
resistance of the base Fv,Rd
plate joint
SN037
§6
Design special
SN021
elements to resist No Vc,Ed ≤ FV,Rd

shear
Yes
End
1

SF010a-EN-EU
Estimation of the base plate dimensions
SN037
§4 Start
Estimate the base

fjd Ac0
plate area Ac0
Choose base plate

hp, bp
type and dimensions
Return
2

SF010a-EN-EU
Calculate the foundation bearing strength fjd
Start
SN037
§ 4 step 1 Foundation
§ 5 step 1 Dimensions No Adopt = 1,5
known
Yes
SN037
Annex A Calculate
Adopt j = 2/3 j
Calculate fjd = j fcd fjd
Return
3

SF010a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart : Design of a column base under axial load
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by I Ryan CTICM 13/07/05
Technical content checked by A Bureau CTICM 13/07/05
Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
4
Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loads
SF011a-EN-EU

This flow chart presents comprehensive procedures for determination of wind loads for a
multi-storey building in a simplified way.
Start
EN 1991-1-4
§ 4.2
European wind Calculate basic wind
map velocity vb
(National Annex) vb = cdir x cseason x vb,0
Recommended value for

cdir and cseason is 1,0
Basic
data
EN 1991-1-4
Determine peak
§ 4.5 qp(z)
velocity pressure
EN 1991-1-4
Determine structural
§ 6.2 and 6.3 cs, cd
factor
Usually cs and cd are taken equal to 1,0
EN 1991-1-4 Determine external

cpe,i
§ 7.2.2 and 7.2.3 pressure coefficients
i = A to J
cpe,J
EN 1991-1-4 Determine internal

§ 7.2.9 pressure coefficients cpi
cpi
for multi-storey building usually cpi = 0
EN 1991-1-4 Determine wind pressure

§ 5.3 (3) we = qp(ze) x cpe [kN/m²]
wi = qp(zi) x cpi [kN/m²]
Determine wind forces

EN 1991-1-4 ∑ w e Aref
Fwe = c s c d ×
Basic data
§ 7.5 (3)-(4) surfaces

b, h, d
Fwi = ∑ w i Aref
surfaces
Ffr = c fr q p ( ze )Afr
Stop
1
SF011a-EN-EU
Determination of peak velocity pressure

Start
Calculate h/b ratio

typical for multi-storey buildings
h > 2b
Building should be considered to be multiple parts

b < h ≤ 2b
h≤b
Building should be considered to be two parts
Building may be considered to be one part

Determine input values

cr(z), co(z), kI, z0
EN 1991-1-4 Determine EN 1991-1-4 Determine Determine National Determine EN 1991-1-4

§ 4.3.2 roughness § 4.3.3 orography turbulence Annex roughness Table 4.1
factor cr(z) factor co(z) factor kI length z0
for buildings on hills, Recommended

else co(z) = 1,0 value kI = 1,0
cr(z), co(z),
kI, z0
Calculate mean velocity wind Calculate turbulence intensity

EN 1991-1-4 kI EN 1991-1-4
§ 4.3 eq. (4.3) lV ( z ) = § 4.4 eq. (4.7)
v m (z ) = cr (z) × c o (z ) × v b co ( z ) × ln(z / z0 )
where z = min (z, zmin)
EN 1991-1-4 Calculate peak velocity pressure

1
§ 4.5 eq. (4.8) qp ( z ) = [1 + 7lV ( z )] × ρ × v m2 ( z )
2
Return
2
SF011a-EN-EU
Determination of external pressure coefficients

Start
Determine loaded
area A [m²]
1 < A < 10 m²
A > 10 m² 1>A
cpe,i = cpe,1 – (cpe,1 –
cpe,i = cpe,10 cpe,i = cpe,1
cpe,10) x log10 A
typical for multi-storey buildings
cpe,i
EN 1991-1-4 Calculate e/d ratio and e = min (b, 2h)

§ 7.2.2 divide walls into zones b crosswind
A,B,C,D & E dimension
e<d e≥d e ≥ 5d
Determine recommended
EN 1991-1-4 values cpe for external
Table 7.1 pressure coefficients for
vertical walls of rectangular
plan buildings
Pressure coefficients
for roofs NOTE: If the slope of the
roof is > 5° see SF014
Divide roof into

EN 1991-1-4 e = min (b, 2h)
zones F, G, H, I
§ 7.2.3 b crosswind
valid for flat roofs
dimension
with -5° < < 5°
NOTE: Key for flat roofs

EN 1991-1-4 Determine external
Table 7.2 pressure coefficients cpe
for flatroofs
Return
3

SF011a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loads
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Technical content checked by Gerhard Sedlacek RWTH 13/07/05

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
4
Flow Chart: Governing combination of actions

SF012a-EN-EU
This flow chart presents the procedures to choose the governing combination of actions. It
considers all the possible combinations of permanent and variable actions, as defined in
EN1990.
Start
Characteristic Determine design values of

values of actions actions at ULS
Design value of Design value of Design values of

permanent leading variable accompanying
actions action variable actions
Determine actions for persistent and transistent design situations

EN 1990 (fundamental combinations)
§ 6.4.3.2 (6.10)
∑ γ G, j Gk, j "+" γ P P "+" γ Q,1 Qk,1"+" ∑ γ Q,iψ 0,i Qk,i
j ≥1 i >1
EN 1990
Annex A1.2,
Table A1.1
Check whether
accidential actions (eg.
fire) have to be
considered
Yes
No
Consideration of Structual solution
accidential actions by No eg. active fire
calculation? protection
EN 1990 Yes
§ 6.4.3.3
Determine actions for accidential design situations
∑ Gk, j "+" P "+" Ad "+" (ψ 1,1 or ψ 2,1 )Qk,i "+" ∑ ψ 2,i Qk,i
j ≥1 i >1
EN 1990
Annex A1.3.2,
Table A1.3
EN 1990 Determine actions for seismic design situations

§ 6.4.3.3
∑ Gk, j "+" P "+" AEd "+" ∑ψ 2,i Qk,i
j ≥1 i >1
EN 1990 Page 2
Annex A1.3.2,
Table A1.3
1

SF012a-EN-EU
Governing load combination (continued)
Page 1
Characteristic Determine design values of

values of actions actions at SLS
Design value of Design value of Design values of

permanent leading variable accompanying
actions action variable actions
EN 1990 Characteristic combination

§ 6.5.3 ∑Gk, j "+" P "+" Qk,1 "+" ∑ψ 0,iQk,i NOTE: for irreversible limit state
j ≥1 i>1
EN 1990
Annex A1.4.1,
Table A1.4
EN 1990 Frequent combination

§ 6.5.3
∑ Gk, j "+" P "+" ψ 1,1Qk,1"+" ∑ψ 2,iQk,i NOTE: for reversible limit state
j ≥1 i>1
EN 1990
Annex A1.4.1,
Table A1.4
EN 1990 Quasi-permanent combination

§ 6.5.3 ∑ Gk, j "+" P "+" ∑ψ 2,iQk,i NOTE: for long-term effects
j ≥1 i ≥1
EN 1990
Annex A1.4.1,
Table A1.4
Stop
2

SF012a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow Chart: Governing combination of actions
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
3
Flow Chart: Choosing a steel sub-grade

SF013a-EN-EU

This chart explains the procedure for the choice of a steel sub-grade depending on the
- element thickness
- reference temperature
- stress level under service loads
Start
Determine (a) the lowest air

National Annex to
temperature with a specified
EN1991-1-5 Tmd, Tr
return period and (b) the
adjustment for radiation loss
Determine the reference

temperature using:
EN1993-1-10,
§2.2 (2.2) TEd = Tmd + ΔTr TEd
(+ΔTσ + ΔTR + ΔTε& + ΔTε cf )
1444442444443
normallynot relevant
Structural element
details: tension element
thickness t, strength fy,nom
EN1993-1-10, Determine action effects,

§2.2 (4) where the leading action is Ed, sEd
the reference temperature
EN1993-1-10,
Determine fy(t) based on
§2.3.2 (1) fy(t)
fy,nom and t
EN1993-1-10, Determine stress level

§2.3.2 (1) expressed as proportion of sEd / fy(t)
nominal yield strength fy(t)
NOTE:
linear interpolation between
tabled values is permitted
EN 1993-1-10, EN 1993-1-10,
Is sub-grade pre-
Table 2.1 Yes No Table 2.1
selected?
Choose another
structural element Determine max NOTE:
Determine required steel
permissible element subgrade depending on The required grade
Yes
thickness tmax depending TEd and thickness t may be higher than
on TEd and steel subgrade economically feasible
on the project or, for

No thick elements, no
grade may be
Choose sufficiently tough
another steel No t ≤ tmax Yes Stop Yes subgrade OK? No
grade?
1

SF013a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow Chart: Choosing a steel sub-grade
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Christian Müller RWTH 23/01/05
Technical content checked by Matthias Oppe RWTH 06/07/05
Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
2
Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loads (single-storey buildings)

SF014a-EN-EU

This flow chart presents the comprehensive determination of wind loads for a single-storey
(industrial) building in a simplified way.
Start
EN 1991-1-4
§ 4.2
European wind Calculate basic wind
map velocity vb
(National Annex) vb = cdir x cseason x vb,0
Recommended value for

cdir and cseason is 1,0
Basic
data
EN 1991-1-4
Determine peak
§ 4.5 qp(z)
velocity pressure
EN 1991-1-4
Determine structural
section 6 cs, cd
factor
Usually cs and cd are taken equal to 1,0
Determine external Determine internal

pressure coefficients pressure coefficients
External pressure
EN 1991-1-4 Internal pressure EN 1991-1-4
coefficients
§ 7.1 - 7.2.8 coefficients § 7.2.9
cpe,i
cpi
i = A to J
EN 1991-1-4 Determine wind pressure

§ 5.3 (3) we = qp(ze) x cpe [kN/m²]
wi = qp(zi) x cpi [kN/m²]
Determine wind forces
EN 1991-1-4
Fwe = c s c d × ∑ w e Aref
surfaces Basic data
§ 7.5 (3)-(4)
∑ w i Aref
Fwi = b, h, d
surfaces
Ffr = c fr q p ( ze )Afr
Stop
1

SF014a-EN-EU
Determination of peak velocity pressure
Start
Calculate h/b ratio
h≤b
typical for single-storey buildings
Building may be considered to be one part
Determine input values

cr(z), co(z), kI, z0
EN 1991-1-4 Determine EN 1991-1-4 Determine Determine National Determine EN 1991-1-4

§ 4.3.2 roughness § 4.3.3 orography turbulence Annex roughness Table 4.1
factor cr(z) factor co(z) factor kI length z0
for buildings on hills, Recommended

else co(z) = 1,0 value kI = 1,0
cr(z), co(z),
k I, z 0
Calculate mean velocity wind Calculate turbulence intensity

EN 1991-1-4 kI EN 1991-1-4
§ 4.3 eq. (4.3) lV ( z ) = § 4.4 eq. (4.7)
v m (z ) = cr (z) × c o (z ) × v b co ( z ) × ln( z / z0 )
where z = min (z, zmin)
EN 1991-1-4 §4.5 Calculate peak velocity pressure

eq. (4.8) 1
qp ( z ) = [1 + 7lV ( z )] × ρ × v m ( z )
2
2
Return
2

SF014a-EN-EU
Start
Determine loaded
area A [m²]
1 < A < 10 m²
A > 10 m² 1>A
cpe = cpe,1 – (cpe,1 –
cpe = cpe,10 cpe,1 = cpe
cpe,10) x log10 A
typical for single-storey buildings
cpe,i
EN 1991-1-4 e = min (b, 2h)

Divide walls into
§ 7.2.2 b crosswind
zones A, B, C, D & E
dimension
e<d e≥d e ≥ 5d
Determine recommended
EN 1991-1-4 values cpe for external
Table 7.1 pressure coefficients for
vertical walls of
rectangular plan buildings
Next
page
3

SF014a-EN-EU
Previous
page
Pressure coefficients
for roofs
Determine roof type

and divide roof into zones
F, G, H, I, J
flat roof monopitch duopitch multispan

-5° < < 5° roof roof roof
EN 1991-1-4
Table 7.2
EN 1991-1-4
EN 1991-1-4
Table 7.4 a,
Table 7.3 a
7.4 b
EN 1991-1-4
EN 1991-1-4
Table 7.4 a,
Table 7.3 a
7.4 b
Determine external e = min (b, 2h)

pressure coefficients b crosswind

cpe for roofs dimension
Return
4

SF014a-EN-EU
Determination of pressure coefficients (internal surfaces wi)
Start
Calculate opening ratio

EN 1991-1-4
§ 7.2.9 (6)
μ=
∑ area of openings where c pe is negative or − 0,0
∑ area of all openings
NOTE: Where it is not possible to estimate then cpi
should be taken as the more onerous of +0,2 and -0,3
EN 1991-1-4 Determine internal

Figure 7.13 pressure coefficient
cpi
Return
5

SF014a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loads (single-storey buildings)
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
6
Flow Chart: Simple method for the design of no-sway braced frames
SF015a-EN-EU
This chart gives a simplified method for the analysis of braced frames. The method is
applicable to a wide range of design situations, noting the assumptions given below.
Assumptions:
1. Columns are simple construction with pinned bases. For a more
2. Beams are simply supported. comprehensive
3. Ratio of upper : lower storey heights is not less than 0,75 or greater than 1,3. flowchart see SF002
4. Vertical bracing does not support adjacent unbraced frames by horizontal bracing
Notes:
1. If HEd 0,15VEd the calculation of initial sway imperfection may be omitted.
2. An initial sway imperfection of = 1/200 conservatively accounts for the effect of all frame
imperfections.
Start
Vertical and
Choose material and
horizontal loads
section properties
from EN 1991
Calculate equivalent
EN1993-1-1 horizontal forces (0.5% of
§5.3.2(7) Equivalent
vertical load at each level)
horizontal forces
for initial sway
imperfection
Apply total horizontal

forces to frame
Calculate sway Sway

displacement at each level displacements
EN1993-1-1 Calculate cr at each level

§5.2.1(4)B and determine minimum Minimum cr
value
EN 1993-1-1
§5.2.1 cr 10 ? No Increase size of bracing
Yes
design
Beam
Member design neglecting

second order effects
Column
design
design
Joint
End
Bracing
Design
1
SF015a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow Chart: Simple method for the design of no-sway braced frames
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by James Way SCI
Technical content checked by Charles King SCI

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
2
Flow Chart: Simple method for the design of non-composite beams and cantilevers
Flow Chart: Simple method for the design of non-composite beams and
cantilevers
SF016a-EN-EU
Flow Chart: Simple method for the design of non-composite beams

and cantilevers
This chart gives a simplified method for the design of non-composite beams and cantilevers,
subject to the conditions of application given below.
Conditions of application: For a more
1. Beam or cantilever is not subject to torsion or axial load. comprehensive flow
2. Load is not ‘destabilizing’ (see SN009a-EN-EU). chart, see SF001
3. The support of any cantilever has moment continuity and lateral and torsional restraint as shown in
SN009a-EN-EU.
Notes:
1. The method presented below is a conservative method. Reduced section weight may be achieved
through detailed consideration of section geometry and the shape of the bending moment diagram
(see SN002a-EN-EU).
Start
Select beam that is not
susceptible to shear buckling
– most rolled sections are
Table of beams not susceptible
with section Select beam with Class 1
classification or Class 2 cross section
EN 1993-1-1 Calculate shear

§6.2.6(2) resistance, Vc,Rd using Vc,Rd No
Vc,Rd = (fy/ 3)htw/ M0
SN002a-EN-EU
Grade S235: 1=104
Grade S275: 1=97 VEd 0.5Vc,Rd
Grade S355: 1=85
Yes
SN009a-EN-EU
Calculate LT using
Effective Lengths LT
LT L/ ( 1 x iZ )
No
EN 1993-1-1
Table 6.5 Calculate h/b h/b
EN 1993-1-1
Figure 6.4 Determine LT LT
SN002a-EN-EU Calculate Mb,Rd using

Mb,Rd
Mb,Rd = LT fyWpl/
MEd Mb,Rd
Yes
End
1
Flow Chart: Simple method for the design of non-composite beams and cantilevers
Flow Chart: Simple method for the design of non-composite beams and
cantilevers
SF016a-EN-EU
Quality Record
Flow Chart: Simple method for the design of non-composite beams

RESOURCE Title
and cantilevers
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by James Way SCI
Technical content checked by Charles King SCI

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
2
Flow chart: Design of a simply supported composite beam - Common cases
SF017a-EN-EU
SF017a-EN-EU

For a more
This chart covers the choice of beam section and verification of the design comprehensive flow
resistance of a simply supported composite beam under uniform loading. Its chart, see SF004
scope is limited to rolled sections of class 1 or 2 cross-sections with full shear
connection.
Start
Span length Calculate internal forces and

VEd, MEd
Load combination moments
Sizing guidance Choose beam section, Cross section data

SN022 concrete parameters, Steel grade
connectors Connectors data
A
EN 1994 1-1
Calculate
§ 5.4.1.2 (5) beff
Effective width of concrete flange
EN 1994 1-1
§ 6.2.1.2 Verification of bending resistance
EN 1993 1-1
§ 6.2.6 Bending criterion
To A No
verified ?
Yes
EN 1994 1-1
Calculate vertical
§ 6.2.2.2 VRd
shear resistance
To A No VEd ≤ VRd
EN 1994 1-1
§ 6.6.3
Yes
Determine number of shear

EN 1994 1-1 Number of shear
connectors per half span (n) using
§ 6.6.4 connectors per
Nc Nc
n= or n = half span (n)
k t .PRd k l .PRd
EN 1994 1-1
Verification of longitudinal shear
§ 6.6.6.2 Yes
resistance of the slab
Longitudinal shear Increase transverse

No No To A
criteria verified ? reinforcement?
Yes
EN 1994 1-1
Verify that the beam satisfies the
§ 7.3
Serviceability Limit State When the beam is not fully propped

during construction, it has also to be
checked for the construction condition
without contribution of concrete slab
SLS (see SF016) and taking account of lateral
A No
verified ? torsional buckling
Yes
End
1

SF017a-EN-EU
Quality Record
Flow chart: Design of a simply supported composite beam - Common

RESOURCE Title
cases
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Created by Pierre-Olivier MARTIN CTICM 15/03/2005

Technical content checked by Alain BUREAU CTICM 15/03/2005

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
2
Flow Chart: Design model for non-bearing column splices

SF018a-EN-EU

This chart sets out the processes for verifying the adequacy of a non-bearing column splice
for a column in ‘simple’ construction. Reference is made to guidance on initial sizing for
choosing the size of cover plates and bolt configurations. The design forces on the cover
plates is determined from the design axial force on the column, the nominal moments and
shear forces. The resistances of the cover plates and bolts are determined. The calculation of
the tensile tying resistance for structural integrity is also covered.
Start
Upper and
Choose flange & web cover
lower column
plates and bolt configuration
data
A
Design forces:
NEd,, MEd, VEd Calculate design forces on
NEd,fp,c, NEd,fp,t,
flange, web cover plates
NEd,wp, NEd,w
and column web
Initial sizing
SN024
Calculate axial resistance of

NRd,fp,c, NRd,fp,t,
flange cover plate and
VRd,fp
resistance of bolt group
Effects in flanges
and web
SN023
NEd,fp,c ≤ NRd,fp,c
To A No NEd,fp,t ≤ NRd,fp,t
Rules for flange NEd,fp,c ≤ VRd,fp
splice
SN023
Yes
Rules for web

Calculate axial resistance of
splice NRd,wp,c, VRd,wp
web cover plate and
SN023 VRd,w
resistance of bolt group
NEd,wp ≤ NRd,wp,c
To A No NEd,wp ≤ VRd,wp
NEd,w ≤ VRd,w
See Worked
Example SX020 Yes
Design tying force Calculate tying

NRd,u & failure
EN1991-1-7§A.6 resistance of joint
mode
SN023
A No NEd,u ≤ NRd,u
Yes
Stop
1

SF018a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow Chart: Design model for non-bearing column splices
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Abdul Malik Steel Construction Institute
Technical content checked by Graham Owens Steel Construction Institute

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
2
Flow chart: Plastic analysis of a portal frame

SF019a-EN-EU

This flowchart illustrates the process of plastic analysis for portal frames. The output of the
analysis is the design forces and moments in members and connections.
Requirements applicable to hinge

Start positions should be met at the
Material and anticipated positions. Confirm
cross section later that actual positions are as
properties anticipated.
EN 1993-1-1 §5.6 Are cross section Carry out elastic analysis

No
requirements met? SF020
Vertical loads Yes

and horizontal End
reactions
HEd ≥ 0,15 VEd Yes

EN 1993-1-1
§5.3.2(4)B
No
EN 1993-1-1
Calculate initial sway
§5.3.2(3)
imperfection
NEd can be evaluated from

the “simply supported” area Evaluate design value of axial NEd for each
for the purpose of force in each column column
determining NEd
EN 1993-1-1 Add the equivalent horizontal

§5.3.2(7) forces NEd at top of each
column to the applied loading
SN001
Determine sensitivity to sway -
αcr
calculate αcr
SN033
(For frames outside
limits of Notes 1 & 2 to
EN1993-1-1 §5.2.1(4)
EN 1993-1-1
Determine member design
§5.2.1 αcr ≥ 15 No B
forces for sway frames
A
Yes
Second-order by amplified loads
EN 1993-1-1
§6.2.9(2), (4), (5) Calculate MN,Rd for elements Can start with Second-order
MN,Rd = Mpl,Rd in the analysis
model
EN 1993-1-1 Design forces for
Perform First Order Plastic
§6.2.10 elements and
Global Analysis
locations of hinges
If the axial forces are

Values of MN,Rd
Recalculate MN,Rd greater than assumed
No used in the analysis
for elements. when MN,Rd calculated, Design forces for
OK?
recalculate elements and
Proceed to verification of elements (beams locations of hinges
Yes
columns & connections). Members in
compression should be checked taking
the buckling length not higher than the Stop
system length.
1

SF019a-EN-EU
Determine member design forces for sway frames

Check each column and introduce
This check determines whether Start equivalent horizontal forces where
local bow imperfections have to condition is fulfilled, excluding those
be considered with hinges at both ends.
EN 1993-1-1
§5.3.2(6) λ > 0,5 A fy N Ed No
Yes
EN 1993-1-1 Calculate horizontal forces Equivalent

§5.3.2(3)+(7) equivalent to initial bow horizontal forces
imperfections (bow)
The equivalent forces

representing sway imperfections
were added into the loading in Add the equivalent horizontal
the preceding page forces (bow) to the existing
loading
Second order analysis can Select method of allowing for Second-order by

be used for any magnitude sway effects amplified loads
of sway parameter αcr.
However, the amplification
of actions allows first-order
analysis to be used if
No αcr ≥ 3
second-order elastic-plastic
software is not available
Second-order by SN033
Yes
analysis model
Ensure that values of MN,Rd

are appropriate to the axial Geometry
forces in the members No OK for use of amplified
loads method?
EN 1993-1-1
Perform second order elastic-
§6.2.9
plastic global analysis
Yes
EN 1993-1-1
§6.2.10
Design forces for Allow for second

members & order effects by
connections, and amplifying all
locations of hinges actions on structure
Return to B Return to A
2

SF019a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Plastic analysis of a portal frame
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Charles King SCI 05/10/2005
Technical content checked by Graham Owens SCI 05/10/2005
3. Sweden B Uppfeldt SBI 24/3/06
Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
3
Flow chart: Elastic analysis of a portal frame

SF020a-EN-EU

This flowchart illustrates the process of elastic analysis for portal frames. The output of the
analysis is the design forces and moments in members and connections.
NOTE: In a portal frame, the effects caused by the deformation of the frame (denoted second order effects) may be more or
less important, depending on its sway stiffness and the magnitude of the applied vertical loads. This is checked according to
§5.2.1 of EN 1993-1-1. If the criterion (5.1) is fulfilled the frame is denoted a non-sway frame: it is therefore not sensitive to
second order effects. If the criterion is not fulfilled the frame is denoted sway frame, and the frame may be sensitive to second
order effects for the applied loads. (See Commentary on §5.2.1.)
Start
Vertical and EN 1993-1-1

Equivalent column
horizontal loads Choose method §5.2.2(8)
method
from EN 1991
Material & section

Perform analysis with
properties of Stop
consideration of imperfections
frame members
EN 1993-1-1
§5.3.2(4)B HEd ≥ 0,15 VEd Yes
No
EN 1993-1-1
Calculate initial sway Initial sway
§5.3.2(3)
imperfection imperfection
Axial force NEd

Evaluate NEd in each column
for each column
Include in the applied loading

EN 1993-1-1
the equivalent horizontal
§5.3.2(7)
forces NEd at top of each
column
SN001 Determine sensitivity to sway -

αcr
calculate αcr
EN 1993-1-1 Determine member design

§5.2.1 cr ≥ 10 ? No forces for Sway Portal
Frames
Yes
Design forces
This global analysis may Perform First Order Elastic

alternatively be perfomed at for members
Global Analysis
location « A », depending on and connections
the method for calculating αcr
Proceed to verification of elements (beams, columns

& connections). Members in compression should
Stop
be checked taking the buckling length not
greater than the system length.
1

SF020a-EN-EU
Equivalent column method
Start
Vertical and
horizontal loads
from EN 1991
Design forces
Material/section Perform First Order Elastic
for members
properties Global Analysis
and connections
Proceed to verification of elements

(beams, columns & connections). For
Stop
members in compression, use the
buckling length for SWAY MODE.
2

SF020a-EN-EU
Determine member design forces for sway portal frames
Start
Determine if local bow Check each column and introduce

imperfections have to be equivalent horizontal forces where
considered for columns condition is fulfilled, excluding those
with hinges at both ends.
EN 1993-1-1
§5.3.2(6) λ > 0,5 A fy N Ed No
Yes
EN 1993-1-1 Calculate horizontal forces Equivalent

§5.3.2(3)+(7) equivalent to initial bow horizontal forces
imperfections (bow)
If required, the existing

loading includes already
equivalent forces to Include the equivalent
represent sway imperfection horizontal forces (bow) to the

existing loading
Second order analysis can be

Select method of allowing for used for any magnitude of sway
sway effects parameter αcr. However, the
magnification of first order effects
is more simple, if applicable.
Second order by amplified Second order by analysis

sway effects model (software)
αcr 3
No
?
Yes
Perform
Perform First Order Elastic
Second Order Elastic
Global Analysis
Global Analysis
Allow for second order effects

by increasing sway effects
EN 1993-1-1 Design forces for
using
§5.2.2 (5)B members and

1 connections
1 − 1 α cr
Return
3

SF020a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Elastic analysis of a portal frame
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Yvan Galéa CTICM 05/10/2005
Technical content checked by Alain Bureau CTICM 05/10/2005
2. France Alain Bureau CTICM 24/3/06
Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
4
Flow chart: Element (rafter or column) design in presence of plastic hinge (uniform section)
Flow chart: Element (rafter or column) design in presence of plastic hinge

(uniform section)
SF021a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Element (rafter or column) design in presence of plastic

hinge (uniform section)
This flow chart presents the design procedure for an element (rafter or column) with plastic
hinges. The determination of the length between lateral restraints by calculating the stable
length is shown.
Start
Action effects and

hinge positions from
plastic analysis
Class 1 cross Use elastic design
No
section? for frame
Element
dimensions and Yes
material properties
Find the distance between the
restraints at the plastic hinge Segment
and the adjacent lateral length La
restraint
Calculate moment gradient

Choose method to check

§6.3.5.3 method Annex BB method
stable length
NEd
Yes
significant?
No
h/tf > 40? Yes
No
EN 1993-1-1, EN 1993-1-1
§6.3.5.3 Calculate stable length Lstable Calculate stable length Lm BB 3.1.1
Lstable Lm
Stable length
No Move the restraints
segment length La
Yes
Is the adjacent Verify stable length between

lateral restraint on the No plastic hinge and torsional
compression flange? restraint
Yes
Stop 1

(uniform section)
SF021a-EN-EU
Verify stable length between plastic hinge and torsional restraint
Find the distance between the restraint at the

Segment
plastic hinge and the adjacent torsional
length Lt
restraint
EN1993-1-1
BB 3.1.2 Calculate stable length Lk Lk
Is the
bending moment
diagram
Yes No
linear?
EN1993-1-1 EN1993-1-1
Calculate moment Calculate moment
BB 3.3.1 BB 3.3.2
gradient factor Cm gradient factor Cn
EN1993-1-1 EN1993-1-1
Calculate stable Calculate stable
BB 3.1.2(2) BB 3.1.2(3)
length Ls length Ls
Ls
Ls Lt No Move the restraints
Yes
Return
2

(uniform section)
SF021a-EN-EU
Quality Record
Flow chart: Element (rafter or column) design in presence of plastic
RESOURCE Title
hinge (uniform section)
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Matthias Oppe RWTH
Technical content checked by Christian Müller RWTH

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
3
Flow chart: Design of tapering elements in presence of plastic hinge (haunches)
Flow chart: Design of tapering elements in presence of plastic hinge

(haunches)
SF022a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Design of tapering elements in presence of plastic

hinge (haunches)
This flow chart presents the design procedure for a tapering element (haunch) with plastic
hinges. The determination of the length between lateral restraints by calculating the stable
length is shown.
Start
Action effects and

hinge positions from
plastic analysis
Class 1 cross Use elastic design
No
section? for frame
Element
dimensions and Yes
material properties
Find the distance between the
restraints at the plastic hinge Segment
and the adjacent lateral length La
restraint
Take C1 = 1,0
Haunch
has 2 or 3
3 flanges flanges? 2 flanges
EN 1993-1-1 EN 1993-1-1
BB 3.2.1 BB 3.2.1
(BB.9) Calculate stable length Lm Calculate stable length Lm (BB.10)
Lm
Stable length Lm
segment length La
Yes
Is the adjacent Verify stable length between

lateral restraint on the No plastic hinge and torsional
compression flange? restraint
Yes
Stop
1

(haunches)
SF022a-EN-EU
Verify stable length between plastic hinge and torsional restraint
Find the distance between the restraint at the

Segment
plastic hinge and the adjacent torsional
length Lt
restraint
EN1993-1-1
BB 3.1.2 Calculate stable length Lk Lk
Use cross-section at the

shallowest section
EN1993-1-1
Calculate
BB 3.3.2 Cn
moment gradient factor Cn
EN1993-1-1
BB 3.3.3 Calculate taper factor c c
Haunch
has 2 or 3
3 flanges flanges? 2 flanges
EN1993-1-1 EN1993-1-1
BB 3.2.2 BB 3.2.2
(BB.11) Calculate stable length Ls Calculate stable length Ls (BB.12)
Ls
Stable length Ls
segment length Lt
Yes
Return
2

(haunches)
SF022a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title
(haunches)
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
3
Flow chart: Element elastic design, uniform sections (rafter or column)

SF023a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Element elastic design, uniform sections (rafter or

column)
This flow chart presents the design procedure for uniform sections (rafter or column) in portal
frames.
Start
Elastic design
action effects
NEd, VEd, My,Ed, Mz,Ed
Element
Classify
dimensions and
cross-section
material properties
EN 1993-1-1
§5.5
Class 4
Yes
Section?
EN 1993-1-1 Determine effective

§6.2.2.5 cross-section
properties
No
NOTE: may conservatively

Check if be taken equal to 1,0
element subjected
No to shear and
hw ε
< 72
EN 1993-1-5 Determine shear tw η
§5.3 buckling resistance
for webs
Yes
EN 1993-1-1 Determine
MRd, VRd,
§6.2 design resistances of
NRd
cross-section
EN 1993-1-1 MRd MEd

Revise element size
§6.2 VRd VEd No
and reanalyze frame
NRd NEd
?
NOTE: Take interaction
criteria into account
Yes
EN 1993-1-1 Determine buckling Redetermine length

§6.3.3 (4) resistance of cross- between lateral or
section torsional restraints
Buckling
resistance No
OK?
Yes
Revise element size
and reanalyze frame
Stop
1

SF023a-EN-EU
Check if buckling-resistance of cross-section is adequate
Start
Determine non-
EN 1993-1-1
dimensional
§6.3.1.2
slenderness for flexural λ y ; λz
buckling for both axis
EN 1993-1-1 λy (λz ) > 0,2

§6.3.1.2 (4) or No y( Z) =1,0
NEd
> 0,04
Ncr
Yes
EN 1993-1-1
Determine reduction
§6.3.1.2 y, z
factor y, z
Determine
EN 1993-1-1
non-dimensional
§6.3.2.2 (1) LT
slenderness for lateral
torsional buckling
Use §6.3.2.2 for the “general case“ Determine whether

or §6.3.2.3 for “rolled sections or §6.3.2.2 or §6.3.2.3
equivalent welded sections“ applies
λLT > 0,4

Use 0,2 for §6.3.2.2 or No LT = 1,0
or 0,4 for §6.3.2.3 λLT > 0,2
Yes
EN 1993-1-1
Determine reduction
§6.3.2. LT
factor LT
EN 1993-1-1
Annex A
Determine interaction
kyy, kyz
factor kyy, kyz
EN 1993-1-1
Annex B
EN 1993-1-1
Determine interaction
§6.3.3 (4)
criteria
Return
2

SF023a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Element elastic design, uniform sections (rafter or column)
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Matthias Oppe RWTH
Technical content checked by Christian Müller RWTH
1. UK SCI
2. France CTICM
3. Sweden SBI
4. Germany RWTH
5. Spain Labein

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
3
Flow chart: Design of a wind transverse girder

SF024a-EN-EU

The wind transverse girder is a horizontal bracing system which resists the wind action and
transfers the forces to the vertical bracing system. It also ensures the lateral restaint of the
rafters. The flowchart describes the design of a wind transverse girder at ULS for a common
single storey building and especially the way to account for the imperfections according to EN
1993-1-1 §5.3.3.
Start
Geometry of the portal

frames
Loads on the portal frame Calculation of the
internal forces and NEd, My,Ed
moments in the rafters
m : number of rafters
to restrain
Span length L
Calculate the
amplitude of the
e0
equivalent geometric
EN 1993-1-1 imperfection
§5.3.3 (1)
Calculate the
distributed stabilization qd
EN 1993-1-1 load qd with q = 0
§5.3.3 (2)
Calculate the
Horizontal horizontal deflection q
q
external loads of the wind girder with
1st order theory
EN 1993-1-1 Calculate the

§5.3.3 (2) stabilization distributed qd
load qd with q ≠ 0
An iterative process
is generally not
necessary to
calculate q
Calculate the internal
Internal
External loads forces in the wind
forces
girder
The wind girder is usually

a statically determinate
EN 1993-1-1 Check all the
system. So the internal
§6.2 and §6.3 members of the wind
forces do not depend on
girder
the stiffness of the
members.
Are all the Change the

No
members OK ? design
Yes
Bracing forces at
splices in compression
elements
End 1

SF024a-EN-EU
Bracing forces at splices in compression elements
Start
The imperfection for splices in

compression members (EN 1993-1-1 §
5.3.3(4) and the imperfection for the Splices in
analysis of bracing systems EN 1993-1-1 compression No End
§ 5.3.3(1) are not to be considered members ?
together.
Yes
EN 1993-1-1 Calculate the equivalent forces

Equivalent
§5.3.3 (4) acting on the wind girder due
forces
to the imperfection

External loads forces in the wind Internal forces
girder
EN 1993-1-1 Check all the

§6.2 and §6.3 members of the wind
girder
Are all the Change the

No
members OK ? design
Yes
Return
2

SF024a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Design of a wind transverse girder
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Alain Bureau CTICM 27/02/2006
Technical content checked by Yvan Galéa CTICM 28/02/2006

Coordinator
3
Flow chart: Portal frame eaves connection

SF025a-EN-EU

This chart sets out the process for verifying the adequacy of a bolted end plate connection for
a portal frame. The resistances in the tension and the compression zones and in the horizontal
shear zone in the column web are determined before the design moment resistance of the joint
is established. The vertical shear resistance is also determined.
Rafter and
haunch data Start
Column data
A Choose end plate size, bolt Chosen eaves
configuration and other eaves connection
connection details details
Design moment
MEd
Design shear
and axial forces
VEd , NEd
SN041
Design welds a, FW,Rd
Calculate the potential

design tension resistance
Ft,Rd
of each bolt row in the
tension zone
Calculate the resistance in

the compression zone,
Fc,Rd
considering column web,
and haunch flange
SN041
Calculate the horizontal

design shear resistance of Vwp,Rd
the column web panel
Page 2
1

SF025a-EN-EU
Portal frame eaves connection (continued)

From
Page 1
Ft,Rd Fc,Rd
Vwp,Rd

Ftr,Rd
tension zone
Calculate moment
SN041
resistance using Mj,Rd
Mj,Rd = ΣhrFtr,Rd
Mj,Ed < Mj,Rd ? No To A
Yes
Calculate vertical shear resistance

using VRd
VRd = ns · min(Fv,Rd , Fb,fc,Rd, Fb,ep,Rd )
VEd ≤ VRd? No To A
Yes
EN1993-1-8
NEd > 0,05·Npl,Rd? Yes Mj,Ed/Mj,Rd+Nj,Ed/Nj,Rd No To A
§6.2.7.1(3)
≤ 1,0?
No Yes
Stop
2

SF025a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Portal frame eaves connection
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Jaime Grijalvo LABEIN
Technical content checked by Jose Antonio Chica LABEIN
Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
3
Flow chart: Portal frame apex connection

SF026a-EN-EU

This chart sets out the process for verifying the adequacy of a bolted end plate connection for
a portal frame. The resistances in the tension and the compression zones are determined
before the design moment resistance of the joint is established. The vertical shear resistance
is also determined.
Start
Rafter and
haunch data
A Choose end plate size,

Chosen apex
Design moment bolt configuration and
connection
MEd other apex connection
details
details
Design shear
and axial forces
VEd , NEd
SN042
Design welds a, FW,Rd
Calculate the potential

Ft,Rd
tension zone
SN042 Calculate the resistance in

Fc,Rd
the compression zone
Page 2
1

SF026a-EN-EU
Portal frame apex connection (continued)

From
Page 1
Ft,Rd Fc,Rd

Ftr,Rd
tension zone
Calculate moment
SN042
resistance using Mj,Rd
Mj,Rd = ΣhrFtr,Rd
Mj,Ed < Mj,Rd ? No To A

Yes
Calculate vertical shear resistance

using VRd
VRd = ns · min(Fv,Rd , Fb,ep,Rd )
VEd ≤ VRd? No To A
Yes
EN1993-1-8
NEd > 0,05·Npl,Rd? Yes Mj,Ed/Mj,Rd+Nj,Ed/Nj,Rd No To A
§6.2.7.1(3)
≤ 1,0?
No Yes
Stop
2

SF026a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Portal frame apex connection
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Jaime Grijalvo LABEIN
Technical content checked by Jose Antonio Chica LABEIN
Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
3
Flow chart: Pinned column base connection in portal frames

SF027a-EN-EU

This flowchart describes the procedure for the design of a pinned base connection with high
shear force.
Shear force Vc,Ed

Column dimensions
Concrete class Start
Steel grade of nib
Foundation dimensions
Has
base plate been Yes
designed ?
No
Base plate dimensions

SN037
Design base plate Anchor bolt positions
and sizes
SN037 Calculate friction

FV,Rd
resistance
Vc,Ed > Fv,Rd No End
Yes
Select shear connection detail

from options:
- Anchor bolts in shear
Other options
- Shallow or deep pocket
- Tie to slab
- Shear nib
Design for selected
option
Shear nib detail

End
Nib dimensions,
Design a shear nib
FV,Rd
End
1

SF027a-EN-EU
Design a shear nib

Shear force Vc,Ed
Column dimensions Start
Base plate dimensions
Concrete class
Nib steel grade
Foundation dimensions Nib type and
Yes
dimensions known?
No
SN021 Choose nib type Nib type and

and dimensions dimensions
Calculate shear resistance VRd

based on the concrete (Concrete)

based on the nib welds (Nib welds)
SN021
Calculate shear resistance

VRd
based on the nib
(Nib)
characteristics

based on the column web (Column web)
Calculate shear resistance

as minimum of the four Fv,Rd
VRd values
Vc,Ed ≤ Fv,Rd No
Yes
Return
2

SF027a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Pinned column base connection in portal frames
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Ivor Ryan CTICM 06/02/2006
Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
3
Flow chart: Design model for welded joints in trusses using structural hollow sections
Flow chart: Design model for welded joints in trusses using structural hollow
sections
SF028a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Design model for welded joints in trusses using

structural hollow sections
This flowchart outlines the verification procedure for welded, uniplanar unreinforced joints in
trusses using structural hollow sections alone or in combination with open sections.
Start
Member data
and joint type
A
Geometry of the
Determine arrangement of
Internal forces joint, including
members at joint (select
in the joint eccentricity e,
value of overlap or gap)
overlap O or gap g
SN040
EN1993-1-8 Joint details

Modify arrangement of
§7.1.2 within field of No
members
application?
Yes
EN1993-1-8 Moments
Calculate the moments
§5.1.5(3) due to joint Yes
due to joint stiffness
stiffness?
No
EN1993-1-8 Moments due

Calculate the moments
§5.1.5(4) to transverse Yes
due to transverse loading
loading?
No
Determine limits within

Chord size,
which eccentric moments
d0 , h0
may be neglected
EN1993-1-8
Moments due Calculate the moments
§5.1.5(5) Yes
to eccentricity? due to eccentricity
No
SN040 YES
Determine range of validity,
Section 2.2
based on joint geometry
Page 2
1
sections
SF028a-EN-EU
Page 2
From
Page 1
Joint geometry Change

No Yes To A
within range? geometry?
No
Yes Design from first

principles
Moments
Yes Page 3
on joint?
No
SN040
Calculate axial joint

Section 5
resistance
Ni,Rd
NO Ni,Ed < Ni,Rd ? Yes
SN040 SN040
Determine the weld details
Section 4 Revise structural geometry Section 6
and throat thickness
Reanalyse End
2
sections
SF028a-EN-EU
Page 3
From
Page 2
Calculate, for the joint,

SN040
axial resistance,
Section 5
in-plane moment resistance and
out-of-plane moment resistance
Ni,Rd Mip,i,Rd Mop,i,Rd
SN040
Interaction
Section 5 No Revise structural geometry
formula OK?
Yes
Reanalyse
SN040
Determine the weld details
Section 6
and throat thickness
End
3
sections
SF028a-EN-EU
Quality Record
Flow chart: Design model for welded joints in trusses using structural
RESOURCE Title
hollow sections
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Francisco Rey Labein
Technical content checked by Jose A. Chica Labein

Coordinator
4
Flow chart: Design of chord splice in structural hollow sections

SF029a-EN-EU
This flowchart outlines the procedure for verifying the design of a chord splice in square,
rectangular or circular hollow sections with end plates and non-preloaded bolts are
considered. For compression there are two requirements to satisfy: a good contact between
surfaces and a correct alignment of the elements. However the procedure shown here, which
refers specifically to tension splices, is also safe and conservative for compression splices.
Start
A
Hollow section
data
Choose tp, p, bolt number Complete

and diameter and the geometry of the
Internal edge distances ei splice
tension force
in the splice
This check is not

required for RHS due
SN044 to end plate thickness

limitations
SN044 End plate

NO To A
yielding OK ?
YES
Bolt failure
SN044
with end plate NO To A
yielding OK ?
YES
SN044
Bolt failure OK ? NO To A
Provide full
YES strength welds
SN044
Design the weld a
End
1

SF029a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Design of chord splice in structural hollow sections
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Francisco Rey Labein
Technical content checked by Jose A. Chica Labein

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
2

SF029a-EN-EU
Wrapper Information
Title Flow chart: Design of chord splice in structural hollow sections
Series
Description This flowchart outlines the procedure for verifying the design of a chord splice in square,
rectangular or circular hollow sections with end plates and non-preloaded bolts are considered.
For compression there are two requirements to satisfy: a good contact between surfaces and a
correct alignment of the elements. However the procedure shown here, which refers
specifically to tension splices, is also safe and conservative for compression splices.
Access Level Expertise Practitioner
Identifiers Filename SF029a-EN-EU.vsd
Format
Category Resource Type Flow Chart
Viewpoint Engineer
Subject Application Area(s) Industrial Buildings

Dates Created Date 06/02/06
Last Modified Date

Checked Date
Valid From
Valid To
Languages English
Contacts Author Francisco Rey, Labein
Checked By Jose A. Chica, Labein
Approved By
Editor
Last Modified By
Keywords truss, lattice girder, SHS, CHS, RHS, chord,

See Also Eurocode Reference
Worked Examples
Commentary
Discussion
Other
Coverage National Applicability EU

Special
Instructions
3
Flow chart: Thermal actions for temperature analysis

SF030a-EN-EU

This flow chart gives the procedure to choose between the different methods covered by
EN1991-1-2 to detemine the thermal action in case of fire. This chart leads to the values of
thermal actions that will be used in other procedures to determine thermal response of the
steel structure.
Start
Choose prescriptive or
performance based rules
Standard fire
curve (ISO curve) Prescriptive rules Performance based rules
is normally used)
EN1991-1-2 Use appropriate nominal

§3.2 Determine fire load
curve
End Does EN1991-1-2

compartment fire §3.3.1.3
affect external will give

members? guidance
External Members External

Localised
Choose Simplified or Yes structural No
fire?
Advanced model members?
Simplified Advanced
Yes
Use EN1991-1-2 Determine rate of heat Determine rate of heat

Annex B release release
No
End Localised Fire
CFD software Choose Simplified or
Advanced model
Simplified Advanced
End
Compartment Fire
Simplified model Use a two-zone model
Choose Simplified or
SF032 or CFD software
Advanced model
Simplified model Advanced model
Uses parametric
fire curve
Simplified model Determine rate of heat
End
SF031 release
Use a one-zone model EN 1991-1-2

or CFD software §3.3.2
End 1

SF030a-EN-EU
Determine fire load
Start
EN 1991-1-2 §E.2 Determine characteristic

qf,k
value of fire load density
EN 1991-1-2 §E.1
Determine combustion
factor
m, q,i , n,i
Activation risks factors
EN 1991-1-2 §E.3 Active fire fighting factors
EN 1991-1-2 §E.1 Design value of fire load

qf,d
density
Return
Determine rate of heat release
Start
RHRf qf,d t Afi
EN 1991-1-2 §E.4 Calculate rate of heat

Q
release
Return
2

SF030a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Thermal actions for temperature analysis
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Mike Haller PARE
Technical content checked by Louis Guy Cajot PARE
1. UK G W owens SCI 7/4/06
6. Luxembourg M Haller PARE 7/4/06

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
3
Flow chart: Simplified model for thermal actions in compartment fire

SF031a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Simplified model for thermal actions in compartment

fire
This chart gives the procedures for determining the gas temperature-time curve in the fire
compartment, using the performance-based parametric fire curve of Annex A of EN1991-1-2.
EN1991-1-2
Annex A (3) Start
EN1991-1-2 Calculate opening factor and Opening Factor, O

Annex E fire load density Fire load density, qf,d
Compartment Annex A may be used if:

geometry - compartment area ≤ 500 m2
Af , At , Av , heq , h - vertical openings only, 0,02 ≤ O ≤ 0,2 m-1
- maximum compartment height 4 m
- no roof vents
Can simple model - mainly cellulose fire loads
be used? - fire load density is 50 ≤ qt,d ≤ 1000 MJ/m2
EN 1991-1-2
Annex A(1) Use advanced
No
model
Yes
Evaluate the time for

tlim tmax
maximum temperature
EN 1991-1-2
Annex A(7)
EN 1991-1-2
Annex A(3) Calculate thermal absorptivity b
Thermal properties
enclosure
boundaries, c,
EN 1991-1-2
100 ≤ b ≤ 2200 Use advanced
Annex A(3) No
? model
The temperature-time curve during the

heating phase is given by an exponential
Yes
curve for substitutive time t* . Use (A.2a)
or (A.2b) for t* as appropriate
EN 1991-1-2
Calculate gas temperature in
Annex A (3) g
the heating phase
Calculate the maximum

max
temperature
EN 1991-1-2
Calculate gas temperature in
Annex A (11) g
the cooling phase
The cooling phase is predicted by the

linear decrease of the temperature
Stop
1

SF031a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Simplified model for thermal actions in compartment fire
Reference(s) EN1991-1-2:2003; EN 1993-1-2:2005

ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Bin Zhao CTICM 6.1.2006
Technical content checked by Z. Sokol CTICM
6. Luxembourg M Haller Labein 7/4/06

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
2
Flow chart: Simplified model for thermal actions in a localised fire

SF032a-EN-EU

This flow chart sets out the process to determine the thermal actions in a localized fire, using
the performance based methods of Annex C of EN1991-1-2.
Start
Determine diameter of
fire, using
Area of fire, Afi D
A
D = 2 fi
π
Annex C may be used if:

D ≤ 10 m
Can Q ≤ 50 MW
Rate of heat Use advanced
simple model be No
release, Q model
used?
Procedure for Yes

determining Q is
given in SF030
Calculate the flame length Lf
EN 1991-1-2
Annex C (3)
EN 1991-1-2
Height of Lf<H
No Calculate the heat flux Annex C (5) - (12)
ceiling, H or fire in open air?
EN 1991-1-2
Annex C, (4)
Yes
EN 1991-1-2
Calculate the gas
Annex C, (4)
temperature
g h&
Stop
1

SF032a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Simplified model for thermal actions in a localised fire
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Edurne Núñez LABEIN Jan 2006
Technical content checked by Jose Antonio Chica LABEIN Feb 2006

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
2
Flow chart: Fire resistance of a column in combined axial compression and bending
Flow chart: Fire resistance of a column in combined axial compression and

bending
SF033a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Fire resistance of a column in combined axial

compression and bending
The fire design of a steel column in axial compression and bending in accordance with
EN1993-1-2 is presented.
Mechanical EN1991-1-2
actions on Start
recommends the
the column use of
Column data (section,

length and strength)
from ‘cold design’
Design moment and

Evaluate of design
EN1990 §6.4.3 axial compression for
effect of actions
fire situation,
for the fire design situation
Mfi,Ed, Nfi,Ed
EN1990
Table A.1.1
EN 1993-1-2
§4.2.2
Classify column section
Section class
for steel temperature a
(I and H sections)
SD002
Evaluate design
Steel
compression resistance for Nfi, ,Rd
temperature-time
beam temperature a
curve
at required time treq
See SF036
or
SF037
Column subject
to bending?
Moments about No
both y-axis and
Yes z-axis
Evaluate design
Steel
moment resistance
temperature-time Mfi, ,Rd
for beam temperature a
curve
at required time treq
See SF036
or
SF037 Check interaction for
Nfi, ,Rd
combined actions
Choose another beam

Resistance section or fire protection

No No Nfi,Ed Nfi,Rd?
adequate? and re-check cold and fire
situations
Yes Yes
End End End
1

bending
SF033a-EN-EU
Evaluation of design compression resistance

The procedures shown below follow the detailed procedures in EN1993-1-2.
Start
The simple calculation model

based on the effective sectional
properties is mostly very
Section class Class 4? conservative.
Yes The advanced calculation models
may be used for the design of
class 4 sections when all stability
No effects are taken into account.
EN1993-1-3 and
Calculate gross Calculate effective
EN1993-1-5
Class 1, 2, 3 section properties section properties
EN 1993-1-2
Table 3.1
Class 4
Evaluate material reduction factors ky, (Class 1,2,3)
EN 1993-1-2
for the effective yield strength and the kp,02, (Class 4)
Table E.1
elastic modulus for steel temperature a kE,
SD003
EN 1993-1-2
Determine buckling length
§4.2.3.2 lfi
in fire situation
EN 1993-1-2 Determine relative

§4.2.3.2(1) slenderness λθ
for flexural buckling
EN 1993-1-2
Determine reduction factor
§4.2.3.2(1) fi
for flexural buckling
EN 1993-1-2
Determine design buckling
§4.2.3.2(1) Nb,fi,t,Rd
resistance at time t
For design using nature fires the

variation of design buckling
resistance with temperature will
need to be considered. Design
should be based on lowest Return
computed resistance
2

bending
SF033a-EN-EU
Evaluation of design bending resistance

The elastic section modulus Wel
Start is replaced by the effective
section modulus Weff
Generally, the simple calculation

model based on the effective
sectional properties is very
conservative.
Section class Class 4? The advanced calculation
Yes
models may be used for the
design of class 4 sections when
all stability effects are taken into
account
EN1993-1-3 &
Calculate effective
No EN1993-1-5
Class 1, 2, 3 section properties
EN 1993-1-2
Table 3.1
Class 4 Evaluate material reduction factors

ky, (Class 1,2,3)
EN 1993-1-2 for the effective yield strength and
kp,02, (Class 4)
Table E.1 the elastic modulus for beam
kE,
temperature a
SD003
The lateral torsional buckling
length at elevated temperature is
expected to be the same as at
Laterally ambient temperature
No
restrained?
Yes λ LT
from cold design
Calculate relative
torsional buckling
EN 1993-1-2
§4.2.3.3(5)
EN 1993-1-2
Determine adaptation
§4.2.3.3(7) & (8)
factors λ LT,θ,com
Calculate reduction factor EN 1993-1-2

for lateral torsional §4.2.3.3(5)
buckling
1 2
LT,fi
EN 1993-1-2 EN 1993-1-2
Calculate design moment Calculate design moment
§4.2.3.3(3) or §4.2.3.3(4)
resistance at required time resistance at required time
§4.2.3.4(2) or §4.2.3.4(3)
treq using MRd, ky, , treq
Use Wpl for class 1 and 2

sections, Wel for class 3 sections Use Wpl for class 1 and 2
or Wel,eff for class 4 sections sections, Wel for class 3 sections
Mfi,t,Rd Mb,fi,t,Rd or Wel,eff for class 4 sections
Return
3

bending
SF033a-EN-EU
Interaction of bending and axial compression
Start
For Class 4 section

use effective section
properties.
EN1993-1-2
Calculate interaction
§4.2.3.5 ky, kz, kLT
factors
For Class 1
and Class 2
sections
EN1993-1-2
(4.21a) & (4.21b)
For Class 4 sections
use effective section

Calculate utilisation properties.
factor from interaction
equations
EN1993-1-2
(4.21c) & (4.21d)
For Class 3
and Class 4
sections
Yes Factor No
Resistance
Resistance
not
adequate
adequate
Return
4

bending
SF033a-EN-EU
Quality Record
Flow chart: Fire resistance of a column in combined axial
RESOURCE Title
compression and bending
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by F. Wald CTU in Prague 18.12.2005
Technical content checked by J A Chica, Labein

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
5

bending
SF033a-EN-EU
Wrapper Information
Title Flow chart: Fire resistance of a column in combined axial compression and bending
Series
Description The fire design of a steel column in axial compression and bending in accordance with
EN1993-1-2 is presented.
Access Level Expertise Practitioner
Identifiers Filename SF033a-EN-EU.vsd
Format
Category Resource Type Flowchart
Viewpoint Engineer
Subject Application Area(s) Fire safety design

Dates Created Date 17/10/2005
Last Modified Date 23/01/2006

Checked Date
Valid From
Valid To
Languages English
Contacts Author F. Wald, CTU in Prague
Checked By J A Chica, Labein,
Approved By
Editor
Last Modified By
Keywords Steel, columns, Fire resistance of elements, Fire safety engineering

See Also Eurocode Reference
Worked Examples
Commentary
Discussion
Other
Coverage National Applicability EU

Special
Instructions
6
Flow chart: Fire resistance of a beam in bending

SF034a-EN-EU

The fire design of a steel beam in bending in accordance with EN1993-1-2 is presented.
Start
Mechanical
actions on
the beam
Beam data (section, EN1991-1-2

length and strength) recommends the
from ‘cold design’ use of
Evaluate of design Design moment and

EN1990 §6.4.3
effect of actions shear for fire
for the fire design situation situation Mfi,Ed, Vfi.ED
EN1990 Table
A.1.1
Check in the
Design check
Where beams are fully temperature domain

in the temperature Yes
restrained, the for beam temperature
domain?
temperature domain a at required time treq
method is more simple
Steel
temperature-time
curve
End
See SF036
or
SF037 Evaluate design
shear resistance for beam
Vfi,t,Rd
temperature a at required
time treq
Vfi,Rd ≥ Vfi,Sd
No
Yes
Evaluate design
moment resistance for beam
Mfi, ,Rd
temperature a at required
time treq
Choose another beam

section or fire protection
No Mfi,Rd ≥ Mfi,Sd
and re-check cold and fire
situations
Yes
End End
1

SF034a-EN-EU
Evaluation of design moment resistance
EN 1993-1-2 cl. Start The elastic section modulus Wel

4.2.2 is replaced by the effective
section modulus Weff
Classifiy section The simple calculation model

at elevated temperature based on the effective sectional
(I and H sections) properties is mostly very
SD002 conservative.
The advanced calculation
models may be used for the
design of class 4 sections when
Class 4? Yes all stability effects are taken into
account
Calculate effective
No section properties
EN 1993-1-2
Tab.3.1
Evaluate material reduction factors

EN 1993-1-2 ky, (Class 1,2,3)
for the effective yield strengthand
Table E.1 kp,02, (Class 4)
the elastic modulus for beam
kE,
temperature a
SD003
The lateral torsional buckling
length at elevated temperature is
expected to be the same as at
Laterally ambient temperature
No
restrained?
Yes λ LT
from cold design
Calculate relative
torsional buckling
EN 1993-1-2
§4.2.3.3(5)
EN 1993-1-2
Determine adaptation
§4.2.3.3(7) & (8)
factors λ LT,θ,com
Calculate reduction factor EN 1993-1-2

for lateral torsional §4.2.3.3(5)
buckling
1 2
LT,fi
EN 1993-1-2 EN 1993-1-2
Calculate design moment Calculate design moment
§4.2.3.3(3) or §4.2.3.3(4) or
resistance at required time resistance at required time
§4.2.3.4(2) §4.2.3.4(3)
treq using MRd, ky, , treq
Use Wpl for class 1 and 2 Use Wpl for class 1 and 2
sections, Wel for class 3 sections Mfi,t,Rd Mb,fi,t,Rd
sections, Wel for class 3 sections
or Wel,eff for class 4 sections or Wel,eff for class 4 sections
Return
2

SF034a-EN-EU
Design check in the temperature domain

NOTE: The temperature domain method should not be used where the bending resistance in the fire
situation is reduced on account of lateral torsional buckling. The check for this is not shown in the
flowchart below.
Start
EN 1993-1-2
§4.2.2
For I and H Classify section

Section class
sections see at elevated temperature
SD002
Critical temperature
Class 4? Yes
a,crit = 350°C
No
EN 1993-1-2
§4.2.3.3(7) & (8) Determine adaptation factors 1 2
Mfi,Ed,Vfi,Ed,
Calculate utilization factor
(maximum of moment and
EN 1993-1-2 shear values)
§4.2.4(4) or (5)
EN 1993-1-2
§4.2.4(2) Critical temperature a,cr
Choose another beam

a,cr≥ a section or fire protection
No
? and re-check cold and fire
situations
Yes
Return End
3

SF034a-EN-EU
Evaluation of design shear resistance
Start
Calculate strength reduction

factor based on web Ky, web
EN1993-1-1 temperature
§6.2.6
Calculate design shear

VRd Vfi,t,Rd
resistance
EN1993-1-2
§4.2.3.3
EN1993-1-2
§4.2.3.4 V fi,Ed / V fi,t,Rd > 0.5 No Return
EN1993-1-1
§6.2.8
Yes
EN1993-1-1 Calculate reduced yield

§6.2.8 strength, to be used in (1 – fy
calculating moment resistance
Return
4

SF034a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Fire resistance of a beam in bending
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by F. Wald CTU in Prague 18.12.2005
Technical content checked by J A Chica, Labein

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
5
Flow chart: Fire resistance of a composite slab

SF035a-EN-EU

This flow chart sets up the process to verify a composite slab in a fire situation. The
applicability of this method is restricted to those composite slabs which characteristics meet
the field of application given in EN 1994-1-2, §4.3.2.
Start
Slab complies
Slab dimensions
with criteria of Revise slab
and type of No
EN1994-1-2 design
concrete
Annex D?
Yes
EN 1991-1-2
§4.3
Calculate the mechanical
actions during fire Mfi,d
EN 1994-1-2 exposure
§2.4.2
EN 1994-1-2 §D.1
Determine the thermal
performance of the slab ti
(time to 140°C) Increase the slab
EN 1994-1-2 thickness or
§4.3.2 include a screed
layer
Required period EN 1994-1-2

Revise slab
of fire resistance ti > t req No §D.4
design
of slab, treq
Yes
EN 1994-1-2 §D.2
Temperatures of
Calculate thermal
decking, concrete
response
and reinforcement
EN 1994-1-2
§4.3.2
EN 1994-1-2 Calculate the plastic

§4.3.2 moment design resistance Mfi,tRd
in fire situation
Increasing the
amount of
reinforcement
may be sufficient
Revise slab
Mfi,d/Mfi,t,Rd<1 No
design
Yes
Stop
1

SF035a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Fire resistance of a composite slab
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
2
Flow chart: Steel temperature development for unprotected steel members

SF036a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Steel temperature development for unprotected steel

members
This flow chart sets out the simplified process to determine the temperature-time dependant
curve of the steel in an unprotected steel structure under fire situation.
Start
Determine
thermal action by gas
Gas temperature temperature or by Heat flux
heat flux?
General fire
SF030
Compartment fire Localized fire (h& )

Gas temperature
SF031 h& SF032
– time curve
Localised fire
(Lf<H) method
SF032
Use Use EN1991-1-2 Annex C (10)

EN1991-1-2 §3.1
Detemine steel temperature with time
EN 1991-1-2
Calculate net heat flux hnet
EN 1993-1-2
Ca at steel Calculate steel Steel
§3.4.1.2
temperature temperature temperature
EN 1993-1-2
§4.2.5.1 Increment time
No
EN 1994-1-2
§4.3.4.2.2 End of time period?
Yes
Steel
temperature-time
curve
Stop 1

SF036a-EN-EU
Quality Record
Flow chart: Steel temperature development for unprotected steel
RESOURCE Title
members
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Bjorn Uppfeldt SBI Jan 2006
Jose Antonio Chica,
Technical content checked by Feb 2006
Labein

Coordinator
2
Flow chart: Steel temperature development for insulated steel members

SF037a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Steel temperature development for insulated steel

members
This flow chart sets out the simplified process to determine the temperature-time dependant
curve of the steel in a fire-protected steel member under a fire situation.
Start
Properties of
Choose insulation material insulating material
and thickness according to
EN13381-4
General fire
SF030
Compartment fire Gas

SF031 temperature
– time curve
Localised fire
(Lf<H method)
SF032
Detemine steel temperature with time
Gas temperature
EN 1993-1-2 at time interval
§4.2.5.2
EN 1993-1-2
Calculate steel Steel
§4.3.4.2.2
temperature temperature
EN 1993-1-2
Ca at steel
§3.4.1.2
temperature
Increment time
No End of time period?
Yes
Steel -t curve
for chosen
insulation
Stop
1

SF037a-EN-EU
Quality Record
Flow chart: Steel temperature development for insulated steel
RESOURCE Title
members
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date

Coordinator
2
Flow chart: Calculation of effective section properties for cold-formed steel lipped channel sections under compression or bending
Flow chart: Calculation of effective section properties for cold-formed steel

lipped channel sections under compression or bending
SF038a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Calculation of effective section properties for cold-

formed steel lipped channel sections under compression or bending
This flow chart deals with the calculation of effective section properties of a lipped channel
section subjected to compression or major axis bending according with general procedure.
For practical design of light gauge sections to EN1993, designers will normally use software or refer
to manufacturers' data. This flow chart presents the details of the calculation procedures, for
background information purposes.
Start
Dimensions of
Determine geometrical
cross-section;
proportions of cross-section
Material data
The influence of rounding of the
corners may neglected if:
r/t ≤ 5 ; r/bp ≤ 0,1
b/t ≤ 60
EN1993-1-3 c/t ≤ 50
§5.1(3) h/t ≤ 500 No Stop

0,2 ≤ c/b ≤ 0,6
?
EN1993-1-3
§5.2
Yes
The general (iterative) The general (iterative)

procedure is applied to procedure is applied to
Compute the gross calculate the effective
calculate the effective
Axial compression cross-section Major axis bending properties of the flange
properties of the flanges
and lips in compression. properties and lip in compression.
The calculation should be The calculation should be
carried out in three steps. carried out in three steps.
Determine effective d1, be12,

EN1993-1-3 EN1993-1-3 Determine effective
widths for the flanges ceff1, be11, d, be2,
§5.5.3.2 §5.5.3.2 widths for the flange
and lips in d2, be22, ceff, be1
and lip in compression
compression ceff2, be21
EN1993-1-3 EN1993-1-3
§5.5.2 §5.5.2
Determine the Determine the
he1, he1,
effective section effective section
he2 he2
properties of the web properties of the web
EN1993-1-5 EN1993-1-5
§4.4 §4.4
Recalculate the position

of the neutral axis
taking into account the
Determine effective Determine the
effective properties of Ieff,
area of the cross- Aeff properties of effective
compression flange and Weff
section: Aeff cross-section: Ieff, Weff
lip
Stop Stop
1

SF038a-EN-EU
Effective section properties of the flange and lip in compression –

General (iterative) procedure
For the initial evaluation, it is assumed

that the flange in compression is double
supported (K= ) and that the design
strength is not reduced ( com, Ed fyb/ M0) Start
EN1993-1-3
§5.5.3.2(3) A
Step 1: Determine the

EN1993-1-3
effective cross-section for the
§5.5.3.2(5a) be1, be2, ceff
stiffener using effective width
of flange
EN1993-1-5
§4.4
EN1993-1-3
Determine the effective area of
§5.5.3.2(6) As
the edge stiffener: As
Allow for the effects of

continuous spring
restraint
EN1993-1-3 Step 2: Use the initial effective

§5.5.3.2(3) cross-section of the stiffener to
determine the reduction factor Where: K is the spring stiffness
per unit length and Is is the
effective second moment of
area of the stiffener
EN1993-1-3
§5.5.3.2(7)
Determine the elastic buckling

cr,s
stress for the edge stiffener:
EN1993-1-3
§5.5.3.1(5)
EN1993-1-3
§5.5.3.1(7)
Determine the reduction factor
for the distortional buckling d
resistance of the edge stiffener
EN1993-1-5
§4.4(2)
χd < 1 ? No Return
Yes
EN1993-1-3
Step 3: Iterate to refine the
§5.5.3.2
value of the reduction factor To A
(3), (10), (12)
for buckling of the stiffener.
The iterations are carried out

based on modified values of
obtained using: com, Ed fyb/ M0.
The iteration stops when the
Return
reduction factor converges.
2

SF038a-EN-EU
Quality Record
Flow chart: Calculation of effective section properties for cold-formed
RESOURCE Title
steel lipped channel sections under compression or bending
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Viorel Ungureanu BRITT Ltd. Timisoara, RO
Technical content checked by Dan Dubina BRITT Ltd. Timisoara, RO
Coordinator
3
SF038a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Calculation of effective section properties for cold-

formed steel lipped channel sections under compression or bending
This flow chart deals with the calculation of effective section properties of a lipped channel
section subjected to compression or major axis bending according with general procedure.
Start
Dimensions of
Determine geometrical
cross-section;
proportions of cross-section
Material data
The influence of rounding of the
corners may neglected if:
r/t ≤ 5 ; r/bp ≤ 0,1
b/t ≤ 60
EN1993-1-3 c/t ≤ 50
§5.1(3) h/t ≤ 500 No Stop
0,2 ≤ c/b ≤ 0,6
?
EN1993-1-3
§5.2
Yes
The general (iterative) The general (iterative)

procedure is applied to procedure is applied to
Compute the gross calculate the effective
calculate the effective
Axial compression cross-section Major axis bending properties of the flange
properties of the flanges
and lips in compression. properties and lip in compression.
The calculation should be The calculation should be
carried out in three steps. carried out in three steps.
Determine effective d1, be12,

EN1993-1-3 EN1993-1-3 Determine effective
widths for the flanges ceff1, be11, d, be2,
§5.5.3.2 §5.5.3.2 widths for the flange
and lips in d2, be22, ceff, be1
and lip in compression
compression ceff2, be21
EN1993-1-3 EN1993-1-3
§5.5.2 §5.5.2
Determine the Determine the
he1, he1,
effective section effective section
he2 he2
properties of the web properties of the web
EN1993-1-5 EN1993-1-5
§4.4 §4.4
Recalculate the position

of the neutral axis
taking into account the
Determine effective Determine the
effective properties of Ieff,
area of the cross- Aeff properties of effective
compression flange and Weff
section: Aeff cross-section: Ieff, Weff
lip
Stop Stop
1
SF038a-EN-EU
Effective section properties of the flange and lip in compression –

General (iterative) procedure
For the initial evaluation, it is assumed

that the flange in compression is double
supported (K= ) and that the design
strength is not reduced ( com, Ed fyb/ M0) Start
EN1993-1-3
§5.5.3.2(3) A
Step 1: Determine the

EN1993-1-3
effective cross-section for the
§5.5.3.2(5a) be1, be2, ceff
stiffener using effective width
of flange
EN1993-1-5
§4.4
EN1993-1-3
Determine the effective area of
§5.5.3.2(6) As
the edge stiffener: As
Allow for the effects of

continuous spring
restraint
EN1993-1-3 Step 2: Use the initial effective

§5.5.3.2(3) cross-section of the stiffener to
determine the reduction factor Where: K is the spring stiffness
per unit length and Is is the
effective second moment of
area of the stiffener
EN1993-1-3
§5.5.3.2(7)
Determine the elastic buckling

cr,s
stress for the edge stiffener:
EN1993-1-3
§5.5.3.1(5)
EN1993-1-3
§5.5.3.1(7)
for the distortional buckling d
resistance of the edge stiffener
EN1993-1-5
§4.4(2)
χd < 1 ? No Return
Yes
EN1993-1-3
Step 3: Iterate to refine the
§5.5.3.2
value of the reduction factor To A
(3), (10), (12)
for buckling of the stiffener.
The iterations are carried out

based on modified values of
obtained using: com, Ed fyb/ M0.
The iteration stops when the
Return
reduction factor converges.
2
SF038a-EN-EU
Quality Record
Flow chart: Calculation of effective section properties for cold-formed
RESOURCE Title
steel lipped channel sections under compression or bending
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Coordinator
3
Flow chart: Design of a cold-formed steel member in compression

SF039a-EN-EU

This flow chart considers the design of a pinned wall stud subjected to compression. The stud
is a cold-formed lipped channel member.
Start
Overall
dimensions of NEd
forces for ULS
the member
ULS load
combination
Cross-section
Choose the cross-section
A data, steel
of wall stud
grade
SF038
Compute the properties
Aeff
of effective cross-section
in compression
Calculate the design

resistance of the member Nc,Rd
in compression
EN1993-1-1
§ 6.2.4 NEd /Nc,Rd ≤ 1 No To A
Yes

buckling resistance of the Nb,Rd
member in compression
EN1993-1-1
§ 6.3.1.1 NEd /Nb,Rd ≤ 1 No To A
Yes
Stop
1

SF039a-EN-EU
Calculate the design resistance of the cross-section in

compression – Nc,Rd
Start
Ag is the gross area
of the cross-section
Does
No Aeff = Ag Yes
?
EN1993-1-3 Calculate axial Calculate axial resistance using: EN1993-1-3

§6.1.3 resistance using: Nc,Rd = Ag (fyb + (fya - fyb) 4 (1- el / §6.1.3
Nc,Rd = Aeff fyb / but Nc,Rd ≤ Ag fya /
The design compression resistance of a

cross-section refers to the axial load acting
at the centroid of its effective cross-section.
Nc,Rd If this does not coincide with the centroid of
its gross cross-section the shift of centroid

axes should be taken into account, using
the method given in EN1993-1-3, §6.1.9
Return
2

SF039a-EN-EU
Calculate the design buckling resistance of the member in

compression – Nb,Rd
EN 1993-1-3 Start
§6.2.2
Determine non-
EN 1993-1-1
dimensional slenderness
§6.3.1.3 λ y ; λz
for flexural buckling about
both axes
EN 1993-1-3
§6.2.3
Determine non-
dimensional slenderness
λT
for torsional and flexural-
torsional buckling
EN 1993-1-1
§6.3.1.4
This check has to be

carried out for flexural,
torsional and flexural-
torsional buckling
Check if
EN 1993-1-1
§6.3.1.2 (4) λ y (λz ) > 0,2 or No =1,0
N Ed
> 0,04
N cr
Yes
EN 1993-1-1
Determine reduction
§6.3.1.2 y, Z, T
factors
min min y, Z, T)
EN 1993-1-1
Determine the design
§6.3.1.1(3) Nb,Rd
buckling resistance
Return
3

SF039a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Design of a cold-formed steel member in compression
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Coordinator
4
Flow chart: Design of a cold-formed steel lipped channel member in tension

SF040a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Design of a cold-formed steel lipped channel member in

tension
This flow chart considers the design of a pinned wall stud subjected to tension. The stud is a
cold-formed lipped channel section.
Start
Overall
Calculate internal force for
dimensions of NEd
ULS
the member
ULS load
combination
Cross-section
Choose cross-section of
A data, steel
wall stud
grade
Compute the gross cross-

Ag
section properties
EN1993-1-3
§ 6.1.2

resistance for uniform Nt,Rd
tension
EN1993-1-3
§3.2.2
To calculate the design

resistance for tension, the
average yield strength fya should
to be used
EN1993-1-1
§ 6.2.3 NEd /Nt,Rd ≤ 1 No To A
Yes
Stop
1

SF040a-EN-EU
Quality Record
Flow chart: Design of a cold-formed steel lipped channel member in
RESOURCE Title
tension
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
2
Flow chart: Design and serviceability limit state check of a cold-formed steel member in bending
Flow chart: Design and serviceability limit state check of a cold-formed steel
member in bending
SF041a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Design and serviceability limit state check of a cold-

formed steel member in bending
This flow chart considers the design of a simply supported lipped channel section floor joist
subjected to bending. It is assumed that the upper and bottom flanges are continuously
laterally restrained. Serviceability limit state check is also considered.
Overall Start
dimensions of
the member
Calculate reactions,
ULS load FEd, VEd,
internal forces and
combination MEd
moments for ULS
Cross-
Choose cross-section of
A section data,
the beam
steel grade
SF038
Weff
of effective cross-section
in bending
EN1993-1-3 Calculate the design

§ 6.1.4.1 resistance for bending of Mc,Rd
the cross-section – Mc,Rd
EN1993-1-1
§ 6.2.5 MEd ≤ Mc,Rd No To A
EN1993-1-3 Yes
§ 6.1.5

Vb,Rd
shear resistance - Vb,Rd
EN1993-1-1
§ 6.2.6
EN1993-1-1
§ 6.2.6 VEd ≤ Vb,Rd No To A
Yes
EN1993-1-3 Calculate the local

§ 6.1.7.2 transverse resistance - Rw,Rd
Rw,Rd
EN1993-1-3
§ 6.1.7.1 FEd ≤ Rw,Rd No To A
Yes Page 2
1
member in bending
SF041a-EN-EU
Design and serviceability limit state check of a cold-formed steel

member in bending (continued)
Page 1 The effective second moment of

area Ific for SLS may be
calculated by interpolation of
gross cross-section and
effective cross-section obrained
Member
at ULS, as in EN1993-1-3,
span
§7.1(3)
SLS actions Compute the properties of

on the effective cross-section in Ific
member bending for SLS
EN1993-1-3
§7.1(3)
Determine maximum
deflection
deflection for SLS
EN1993-1-1
Deflection
§7.2.1 No A
verified?
Yes The limits of deflection

should be specified by the
client. The National Annex
SN036 may specify some limits.
Check vibration criteria
EN1993-1-1
Vibrations
§7.2.3 No A
verified?
Yes
Concerning the vibration, the
National Annex may specify limits
of the frequency.
Stop
2
member in bending
SF041a-EN-EU
Quality Record
Flow chart: Design and serviceability limit state check of a cold-
RESOURCE Title
formed steel member in bending
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Coordinator
3
Flow chart: Design of a cold-formed steel wall stud in combined compression and uniaxial bending
Flow chart: Design of a cold-formed steel wall stud in combined

compression and uniaxial bending
SF042a-EN-EU

This flow chart considers the design of an external wall stud in combined compression and
uniaxial bending. The stud has pinned end conditions and is composed of two thin-walled
cold-formed back-to-back lipped channel sections. The connection between the channels is
assumed to be rigid (a welded connection, for example).
Overall Start
dimensions of
the member

ULS load
forces and moments for NEd , My,Ed
combination
ULS
Cross-
Choose the cross-section
A section data,
of wall stud
steel grade
SF038
of effective cross-section Aeff , Weff
in compression and for
uniaxial bending
EN1993-1-3
§ 6.1

EN1993-1-1
resistance of the cross-
§ 6.2 NRd, My,Rd
section in compression
and uniaxial bending
EN1993-1-3
§ 6.1.9
Check if
cross-sectional
No To A
resistance is
EN1993-1-1 adequate
§ 6.2.9.3
Yes
Verify the design buckling

resistance of the member
in compression and
uniaxial bending
Criteria satisfied? No To A
Yes
Stop
1

SF042a-EN-EU
Verify the design buckling resistance of the member in

Start
EN 1993-1-3
§6.2.2
Determine non-dimensional
slenderness for flexural λy ; λz
EN 1993-1-1 buckling about both axes
§6.3.1.3

§6.2.3 slenderness for torsional / λT
flexural-torsional buckling
EN 1993-1-1
§6.3.1.4 This check has to be carried
out for flexural, torsional and
flexural-torsional buckling
EN 1993-1-1 λ > 0,2
or
§6.3.1.2 (4) N Ed No =1,0
> 0,04
N cr
?
Yes
EN 1993-1-1
§6.3.1.2 Determine reduction factors y, z, T
min min y, z, T)
EN 1993-1-1
§6.3.2.2
Determine non-dimensional
slenderness for lateral λLT
SN003 torsional buckling
EN 1993-1-1 λLT > 0,2

or
§6.3.2.2(4) M Ed No LT = 1,0
> 0,04
M cr ?
Yes
EN 1993-1-1
§6.3.2.2 Determine reduction factor LT LT
EN 1993-1-1
Annex A
Determine interaction factors,
kyy, kzy
for y axis
EN 1993-1-1
Annex B
EN 1993-1-1
Verify whether criteria are
§6.3.3 (4) NRk, My,Rk
satisfied
Return
2

SF042a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date

Coordinator
3
Flow chart: Design resistance of screwed connections of cold-formed members
Flow chart: Design resistance of screwed connections of cold-formed

members
SF043a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Design resistance of screwed connections of cold-

formed members
This flow chart describes the design of pinned screwed connections of cold-formed members.
Member Start
data
ULS
loading
Choose self tapping screws
combination
type & connection
configuration e1≥3d ; p1≥3d
Design shear and
e2≥1,5d ; p2≥3d
tension forces:
3 mm ≤ d ≤ 8mm
Fv,Ed , Ft,Ed
A
EN1993-1-3 Are details within

Table 8.2 range of validity for design No A

resistance formulae?
Yes
Are screws
subjected to No To B
shear?
Yes
Determine bearing resistance,

EN1993-1-3
net-section resistance and Fb,Rd, Fn,Rd,
Table 8.2
shear resistance for the Fv,Rd
screws
EN1993-1-3
Fv,Rd ≥ 1,2Fb,Rd /nf Lf
Table 8.2 No To A
Fv,Rd ≥ 1,2Fn,Rd
The required conditions should be

fulfilled when deformation capacity
of the connection is needed. Yes
nf is the number of mechanical
fasteners in one connection;
Lf is the reduction factor for long
joints according to EN1993-1-8. Fv,Ed
≤1
( ) No To A
min Fb,Rd; Fn,Rd
Yes Page 2
1

members
SF043a-EN-EU
Design resistance of a screwed connection of cold-formed members
Page 1
Are screws
subjected to No Stop
tension?
Yes
Determine pull-through
EN1993-1-3
resistance Fp,Rd, pull-out Fp,Rd,
Table 8.2
resistance Fo,Rd, tension Fo,Rd, Ft,Rd
resistance Ft,Rd of the screws
EN1993-1-3
Ft,Rd ≥ nFp,Rd
Table 8.2 No To A
Ft,Rd ≥ Fo,Rd
The required conditions should be Yes

fulfilled when deformation capacity
of the connection is needed.
n – is the number of sheets that
are fixed to the supporting Ft,Ed
≤1 No To A
member by the same screw. min (Fp,Rd ; Fo,Rd )
Yes
Ft,Ed
min(Fp,Rd ; Fo,Rd )
EN1993-1-3
+
§8.3(8) No To A
Fv,Ed
min(Fb,Rd ; Fn,Rd )
≤ 1?
Yes
Stop
2

members
SF043a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title
members
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Coordinator
3
Flow chart: Buckling verification of non-uniform members in portal frames

SF044a-EN-EU
Flow chart: Buckling verification of non-uniform members in portal

frames
This flowchart describes the general method of EN 1993-1-1 §6.3.4 for the verification of non
uniform members. It refers to NCCI document SN032 for complementary information.
Note : This method should not be applied to members with plastic hinges.
Start
The analysis should take into account:
- Second order effects if relevant
- In-plane imperfections
- In-plane flexural buckling effects
Structural configuration,
Calculate internal forces and
member properties, NEd, My,Ed
moments
actions
Determine the minimum load

SN032
amplifier for in plane
§ 2.1 ult,k
resistance ult,k ignoring
out-of-plane effects
SN032 Determine the minimum load

§ 2.2 amplifier for out-of-plane cr,op
buckling cr,op
Determine global non-

dimensional slenderness using
α ult, k λ op
λ op =
α cr,op
SN032
§ 2.3 op
for out-of-plane buckling
EN 1993-1-1 χ op α ult,k Revise the structureal

§6.3.4 ≥1 No configuration and/or member
γ M1
properties
?
Yes
End To A
1

SF044a-EN-EU
Quality Record
Flow chart: Buckling verification of non-uniform members in portal
RESOURCE Title
frames
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Alain Bureau CTICM 27/02/2006
Technical content checked by Yvan Galéa CTICM 27/02/2006

Coordinator
2
Flow chart: Fixed column bases

SF045a-EN-EU

This flowchart describes the design procedure for a fixed column base connection.
Start
Column dimensions
Design forces
Nc,Ed, Mc,Ed, Vc,Ed
Base plate Determine base plate dimensions
dimensions No based on design compression
known? force Fc,Ed
Concrete class
Base plate steel grade
Anchor bolt class
Yes
Base plate
dimensions
Anchor bolts Determine anchor bolt dimensions

dimensions No and base plate thickness for
known? design tension force Ft,Ed
Anchor bolt
Yes diameter
Plate thickness
Verify joint for combined

SN043 §5
MEd and NEd for all load
combinations
Mc,Ed ≤ Mj,Rd ? No Modify base design
SN021
Yes
SN037 Calculate shear

Fv,Rd
resistance
Modify base design for

No Vc,Ed ≤ Fv,Rd ?
shear resistance
Yes
End
1

SF045a-EN-EU
Determination of base plate dimensions, based on compression force
Start
Design forces at
column base
Concrete class
SN043 Calculate maximum

§ 4.3 compression force acting Fc,Ed
on the foundation
SN043
Determine base plate Dimensions
§ 4.3
dimensions tp, hp, bp
Return
2

SF045a-EN-EU
Determination of anchor bolt dimensions
Start
Design forces at
column base
Base plate details

Concrete class
Bolt class
SN043 Calculate maximum

§ 4.3 tensile force on the Ft,Ed
foundation
SN043 Determine anchor bolt Bolt diameter

§ 4.5.1, § 4.5.2 dimensions and required Base plate
base plate thickness thickness tp
Return
3

SF045a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Fixed column bases
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by Ivor Ryan CTICM 07/02/2006
Coordinator

Access Steel Data Sheets Binded

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Access Steel Data Sheets Binded

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Flow chart: Design of a non-composite beam under uniform loading - detailed procedure

Flow chart: Design of a non-composite beam under uniform loading -

Flow chart: Design of a non-composite beam under uniform loading

Span length Calculate internal forces

NCCI for initial

EN 1993-1-1 Calculate the design

Restraint Compression flange

EN 1993-1-1 Calculate the design

Flow chart: Design of a non-composite beam under uniform loading -

Calculate the design shear resistance, VRd

EN 1993-1-5 Calculate the shear buckling

Flow chart: Design of a non-composite beam under uniform loading -

Calculate the design resistance for bending of the cross-section, Mc,Rd

EN 1993-1-1 Calculate the elastic

Calculate the plastic

Flow chart: Design of a non-composite beam under uniform loading -

Calculate the design buckling resistance moment, Mb,Rd

Start The method in §6.3.2.4

Use simple method for

SN003 Calculate slenderness using

Use limit for

Wy = Wpl,y for 1 Class or 2

Flow chart: Design of a non-composite beam under uniform loading -

Flow chart: Frame analysis

Flow chart: Frame analysis

SN001 Determine sensitivity

Determine member design forces for non-

Equivalent column method

EN 1993-1-1 Determine the

EN 1993-1-1 Determine the design

Proceed to verification of elements (beams

Determine member design forces for sway frames

Determine if local bow Check each member

EN 1993-1-1 Calculate additional Equivalent

Second order analysis

Carry out First Order Carry out Second

Allow for second order

RESOURCE Title Flow chart: Frame analysis

G W Owens SCI 17/07/06

Flow chart: Floor slab design

Flow chart: Floor slab design

Consider the situation

Check the sheeting as

EN 1994-1-1 Determine effective

Flow chart: Floor slab design

Floor slab design, page 2

EN 1994-1-1 Check resistance to Check resistance to EN 1994-1-1

Flow chart: Floor slab design

Check the sheeting as formwork

EN 1993-1-3 MSd < MRd

Flow chart: Floor slab design

Check bending resistance of composite slab

Flow chart: Floor slab design

Check resistance to longitudinal shear without end anchorage

The design resistance

Flow chart: Floor slab design

Check resistance to longitudinal shear with end anchorage

The design shear resistance

EN 1994-1-1 Calculate design

Flow chart: Floor slab design

Verification of serviceability limit state

Design loads for

Effects from end slip End slip

Flow chart: Floor slab design