HƯỚNG DẪN CHẤM

A. LISTENING (50 points)

Part 1.
1C 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B
Part 2.
1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T
Part 3.
1. Footage 2. Air farming 3. 580 ml 4. Hong Kong 5. A valley
( of pollution )
Part 4.
1. received
2. three (ranking) countries
3. 2600/ twenty-six hundred
4. single-payer
5. Singapore’s GDP
6. medical savings account
7. deducted (and set aside)
8. private and public care
9. bang for their buck
10. centralized healthcare/ single-payer healthcare
LEXICO - GRAMMAR (30 pts)
Part 1. Choose the most suitable option (A, B, C, or D) to complete each sentence
below.
1C 2D 3B 4C 5A 6B 7D 8D 9C 10A
Part 2.
No Line Mistake Correction
1 1 a the

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 2 3 another other
3 8 sharp sharply
4 9 at on
5 10 as Ø
Part 3.
1. at 2. in 3. by 4. under 5. up
Part 4.
1. relative 2. accounts 3. proximity 4. unforgettable 5. quickening
6. rehabilitation 7. inaccessible 8. highlighted 9. discouraging 10. untouched
C. READING (60 pts)
Part 1.
1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D
Part 2.
1. above 2. each 3. as 4. level 5. made
6. which 7. well 8. ourselves 9. possible (NOT ever/ before) 10. about
Part 3.
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B
Part 4.
1. vi 2. v 3. viii 4. i 5. iv
6. vii 7. skypointing 8. nest-building 9. webbed feet 10. blood vessels
Part 5
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B
D. WRITING (60 pts)
Part 1. (15pts)
Part 2(15 pts)
Part 3. (30 pts)
AUDIO SCRIPTS
Part 1.
2
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Part 2.
The extensive network which makes up the Grand Union Canal is, without doubt, a
truly extraordinary piece of engineering. Begun in the late 18th century, the majority
of the canal system was built without the benefits of modern technology or public
finance. It is a truly grand canal. But why is it known as the Grand Union Canal?
From 1790 to 1929 a large number of competing, independently owned canals were
constructed, their waterwaysnot uniform in size and often unable to carry the larger

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vessels from other sections. Through a series of takeovers, the various companies
eventually amalgamated and created a “union” of canals which could form a
continuous link between Birmingham, London and other important industrial areas.
Along every stretch of canal, you will find this heritage retained. Traditionally-
painted-narrow boats are still guided by original mile posts, while working examples
of mills, pump houses, ancient locks and keepers’ cottages are a common sight on
any journey.
The Grand Union Canal boasts an extraordinary variety of wildlife, from feeding
herons and hunting owls to rare water voles. Natural habitats are numerous as a result
of cleaner waters and the declining industrial traffic. The hedgerows and canal banks
have proved an ideal location for a number of diverse species to thrive in this tranquil
and often unique environment.
A car-free and carefree way to appreciate the beauty of the canal – and at your own
pace – is by walking. Whether you are looking for organized or independent towpath
walks, we can help you with your planning. Each waterway office can supply
information on circular walks, waterside pubs plus suggested routes and specific
points of interest. There are many stations within easy reach of the Grand Union
Canal. Why not try a one-way walk, returning to your starting point by train?
We’re keen to encourage both experienced and inexperienced anglers onto the well-
stocked canal network and reservoirs. We lease certain sections to established clubs
who welcome non-members for a small daily fee. Before you fish, check with your
local British Waterways office for information on access and availability. Rod
licenses are obligatory, and can be obtained from your local post office.
Last but not least, the towpaths are wonderful for cycling. Free of traffic, free of
fumes and free of hills. Miles of accessible towpaths through some of England’s
finest countryside. We can all share the delights of the canal system so please be
considerate to other users. Surfaces vary from stony pathways to smooth asphalt –
but that’s all part of the enjoyment.
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Part 3.
An English entrepreneur has started a booming business from selling bottled,
British countryside air to Chinese consumers. Leo De Watts, 27, struck upon
the idea of selling air to China after seeing news footage of pollution and smog
in Chinese cities. He guessed there was a market for cleaner air. De Watts
launched his company last year in the somewhat imaginatively named industry
of "air farming". His team "harvests" air in bottles from various locations
across Britain and ships it to China. Even though the air is cheap to collect, De
Watts puts a hefty price on his products. Chinese lovers of British air have to
pay around $115 for a 580 ml bottle of the fresh stuff.
De Watts was born in the British countryside and said he appreciates the quality
of the air in rural Britain. He now lives in Hong Kong where he sells his fresh
air at local street markets. A lot of his merchandise is sold in Chinese cities
such as Beijing and Shanghai, where pollution can be particularly bad. He said
his Chinese customers can be quite fussy about exactly what kind of air they
buy. He explained in a promotional video that: "Quite often, a lot of our orders
are bespoke. We have clients who request very particular circumstances for
their air. Sometimes we'll be at the top of a mountain, and other times at the
bottom of a valley." He added: "There's really a market for this. We've just
started."

Part 4.
In June 2017, the United States Senate rejected a third attempt under President
Donald Trump to repeal the Affordable Care Act. This failure was the latest
development in the US’s slow move towards socialized healthcare. But in fact, the

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United States has long had one of the worst balances between what healthcare costs
each citizen, and what benefit they get out of it.
In the rest of the world, citizens pay much less, or nothing, and often receive higher
quality care, with higher life expectancy and lower rates of disease.
So, we wanted to know, which countries get Whicthe most out of their healthcare?
Well, since 2012, the Bloomberg Health-Care Efficiency Index has measured
exactly this balance. As of 2016-2017one of the top three ranking countries was
Spain.
3. Spain
Spain is an above average representation of healthcare in OECD countries and
spends roughly twenty-six hundred dollars per person with an average life
expectancy of nearly 84 years. About ten percent of the country’s GDP goes towards
healthcare costs, which are largely subsidized by the government.
This system of socialized medicine is globally known as “single-payer”, and most
citizens see no out-of-pocket expenses when they visit public hospitals. In fact, the
right to healthcare is guaranteed in Spain’s constitution. However, this system also
leads to complaints about delays in seeing doctors beyond primary care or getting
specialized surgeries.
Ranking Second on the Efficiency-Index is another country with universal
healthcare, Singapore.
2. Singapore
Unlike Spain, Singapore requires that care is NEVER provided for free, in order to
avoid wasteful use of the system. Instead, healthcare costs are kept artificially low
through government subsidies, which compared to Spain, only use 1.6% of
Singapore’s GDP.
In addition to implementing price controls on medical care and medication, the
country uses a system known as Medisave. This is a medical savings account, where
up to 9 percent of employee salaries are required to be deducted and set aside and
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can be used for personal or family care. This combination means that costs are low,
while the quality of care is one of the highest in the world.
But overall, the best, and most efficient healthcare system is reportedly in the
autonomous territory of Hong Kong.
1. Hong Kong
Interestingly, the territory uses a combination of private and public care, with one of
the highest life expectancies in the world, costing just $2000 dollars per citizen, and
comprising just 3% of the GDP.
However, Hong Kong’s high ranking healthcare may not be exactly what it seems at
first glance. First of all, while public healthcare plans can be purchased at low costs,
the wait to see specialists or to get certain surgeries can be excessive, with some
sources claiming 5-year wait lists.
On the other hand, private hospitals are reportedly speedy but very expensive. This
combination of low-cost care for routine visits and medication, with high priced
elective or specialized care, makes Hong Kong’s system incredibly efficient, and
difficult to overburden, thereby avoiding raising costs for everyone.
While these three countries get the most bang for their buck, with very high standards
of care and life expectancy, they are also difficult to apply broadly around the world.
Singapore and Hong Kong have populations of under ten million people, meaning
that most health factors are uniform throughout the region and population. By
comparison, the United States is enormous, with a population of over 320 million,
making centralized, or single payer healthcare more difficult to implement without
serious complications.
Nonetheless, US healthcare costs are astronomical, with medical bills being the
number one cause of bankruptcy for Americans.