GeoView Guide

Introduction to GeoView ................................................................................................................ 1

Part 1: Starting GeoView............................................................................................................. 2
Creating a GeoView database..................................................................................................... 2
Reading a well into GeoView..................................................................................................... 4
Displaying a well in GeoView.................................................................................................. 10
Creating a CGM File................................................................................................................. 22
Reading and Applying a Check Shot Correction...................................................................... 24
Reading in a Second Well......................................................................................................... 35
Displaying the Wells................................................................................................................. 40

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 Guide to GeoView
Introduction to GeoView

GeoView is a program that serves two purposes:

(1) GeoView acts as a well-log database. All Hampson-Russell programs that use logs
access them through the GeoView database. For this reason, GeoView contains
options for reading logs from ASCII files as well as directly from Landmark and
GeoFrame databases. GeoView also contains options for displaying logs and making
synthetics, as well as applying checkshot corrections to logs. Finally, GeoView
contains options for editing and manipulating logs, through the eLog program.

(2) GeoView acts as a launch pad for other Hampson-Russell programs such as STRATA
and EMERGE. When these programs are launched from GeoView, they are
automatically connected to the GeoView database, allowing them to access logs
directly. Sometimes the program buttons for Hampson-Russell programs may be
disabled or “grayed out”. This indicates that the computer on which GeoView is
running does not have a license for running that program. If you believe that your
GeoView program buttons are incorrectly disabled, please contact the appropriate
Hampson-Russell office for support.
2 GeoView

Part 1: Starting GeoView

The first step in running any Hampson-Russell program is to start GeoView. On a Unix system,
this is done by going to a command window and typing:

geoview

On a PC, GeoView is initialized by clicking on the Start button and selecting the Geoview
option on the Programs>HRS applications menu.

If the GeoView program does not start in either of these two cases, it means that there has been
an error in the program installation. Please contact your nearest Hampson-Russell office for
support.

Creating a GeoView database

When you first launch GeoView, the first window that you see is the Opened Database List,
which displays your most recently used databases. We will start by creating a new database. To
do that, click New:

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Click OK, and a window appears, allowing you to enter the name of the new database. Use the
field at the top of this window to select a location for the new database and call the new database
geoview_guide as shown below:

When you have filled in the new database name as shown, click OK.

The GeoView window now shows the name of the new database:

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Reading a well into GeoView

Now we are ready to enter logs into the GeoView database. We will enter two wells in the
database. The first well is in the LAS format and contains a series of logs. The second well is in
a general ASCII format and we will use this well to correlate with a 3D seismic volume.

When the new database was created, an empty Well Explorer window appeared:

To enter the first well, select Import Data>Logs, Check Shots, Tops, Deviated Geometry
from Files:

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This window appears:

We must select the file(s) containing the log curves that we want to add to our database. Select
avo_well.las, as shown, and confirm that the File Format is set to LAS:

Next, we need to specify the name of the well(s) into which we will load the logs. After you
click Next >>, the second page appears:

The default name for the Destination Well is acceptable, so click Next >> to see the subsequent
page:

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If values for the X & Y coordinates of the surface location of the well or the KB and surface
elevations had been found in the header of the LAS file, they would have been entered on this
window automatically. You can also specify them yourself by modifying the contents of the
corresponding cell. For this well, we need to change only the Type to GAS WELL, as shown:

Click Next >> to proceed.

This causes the file to be read and the following table to appear:

This window shows that GeoView has identified 5 logs in the file. To see the file itself, click
View File. A text window appears, allowing you to browse the LAS file.

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Under the heading Log Type, we see that GeoView has correctly identified each of the 5 logs:

Sometimes, a log cannot be identified correctly. In that case, either an incorrect type or the type
Unknown may appear. To correct that, click the log type to be changed and a pull-down menu
allows you to set the correct Log Type:

Similarly, the Amp. Units may be modified if there were any errors in the measurement units
identified in the file header lines:

The column entitled Unique Log Name shows the names that GeoView will give to these logs:

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Finally, the column entitled Usage indicates whether you wish to actually read this log into
GeoView:

If, for example, you did not wish to load the third log, (Gamma Ray), you could simply uncheck
the box on the third line, as shown:

For this tutorial, we wish to read all the logs listed, so click OK.

A dialog now appears confirming that the logs have been imported. Click OK to finish loading
logs.

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The GeoView Well Explorer window now displays information about the inserted well:

In the View panel, the log has a vertical line through the blue box, indicating that this is a
vertical well.

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Displaying a well in GeoView

Now we wish to display the well that has been entered. To do this, highlight the well name in
the Table View or View panels, and then click Display Well. This display appears:

You can see that a series of logs have been read in. If you move the horizontal scroll bar, all of
the logs can be seen. To modify the view parameters, select View>Display Options.

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This window appears:

This window contains a series of tabs whose pages control the appearance of the log display. To
get an understanding of this window, we will modify a few of the parameters. First, click the
items Wavelets and Zero-Offset Synthetics:

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Then click Apply at the bottom of the window. The log display now contains those items:

Note that the zero-offset synthetics are created with the P-wave and density logs that are marked
with an asterisk (to indicate that they are the active logs).

To change the order of the displayed logs, click the Item Display Order button:

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You will now see this window, which sets the order in which display elements will be plotted:

Let’s move P-wave after Gamma Ray. To do that, highlight Track 5(*P-wave) and click the Up
Arrow twice. The window will now look like this:

Click OK on this window.

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Click Apply on the Parameter window to get the new display:

Note that by default, the primary vertical scale is actually in depth, rather than in time. To
change this, click the Scale & Details tab and modify the page as follows:

Note that we have changed the Uniform Scale and Vertical Range items. Once again, click
Apply:

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You may have to adjust the vertical scroll bar to see the lower portion of the logs as shown
above. This is because the vertical scale has now been set to 7.5 inches per second. As a final
change for this page, select the Curves tab and modify the scale parameters for the P-wave log:
Plot Amp. Units to m/s, Start Plot Amp. to 1500, and End Plot Amp. to 4000 as shown here:

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Click Apply to get the new display:

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Finally, click the Synthetics tab:

This page controls the wavelets that are being used to create the zero-offset synthetics. Right
now, there is only a single wavelet, the default wavelet wave0.

To see what this wavelet looks like, select Wavelet Options>Display Current Wavelet:

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The wavelet display appears:

You can see properties of the wavelet, such as the amplitude and phase spectra, by selecting the
Frequency and History tabs of this display.

Now let’s create some new wavelets to use for synthetics. To add a new Ricker wavelet, select
Wavelet Options>Create Ricker Wavelet:

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This window appears:

Let’s modify the Dominant Frequency and Phase Rotation as shown here:

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Now, click Create wavelet. The new wavelet name appears on the Available Wavelets list of
the Parameter window. By default, the new wavelet now replaces the previous wavelet as the
Displayed Wavelet. To see both synthetics at the same time, click Add All >>. The window
now looks like this:

Now click Apply at the bottom of the window. The new synthetics appear:

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Finally, modify the parameters at the bottom of the window as shown here:

When you click Apply, the display now looks like this:

Now that we have finished modifying the display parameters, click OK at the bottom of the
Parameter window.

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Creating a CGM File

To create a CGM Hardcopy of the log display, select File>Hardcopy>CGM File:

This window appears, allowing you to control the appearance of the CGM file that will be
created:

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To preview the CGM file, click Preview:

The CGM Viewer shows the CGM file which has been created in the specified directory. You
can modify various parameters for that file. An important item is to click the Title Block tab and
type in a description to be used on the CGM Title Block:

To conclude this section of the guide, click Cancel at the bottom of the CGM File Generation
window.

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Reading and Applying a Check Shot Correction

In this section, we will read in a check shot survey from an ASCII file.

First, go to the GeoView Well Explorer window and select Import Data>Logs, Check Shots,
Tops, Deviated Geometry from Files:

On the File Import page, select the file avo_check_shot.txt and click Next >>:

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The ASCII File Format page appears, allowing you to describe the format of this file:

To help determine the parameters, click View File to see what the file looks like:

As you can see, there are two columns of numbers, containing the depths and the desired times.
In addition, there are 3 header lines to skip.

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Change the ASCII File Format page as shown, and also ensure that the depths are read from
column 1.

Click Next >> on the ASCII File Format page.

Choose AVO_WELL as the destination well to place the check shot log into.

Click Next >> on this page and the following page, until you see the Log File Details page:

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Fill in the window as shown below. Click OK when you have completed the window.

After the check shot file is read, it will appear on the log list that can be shown by clicking on the
arrow beside the well name in the Table View. It also can be seen in the Log Display window.

At this point, we have read in the check shot file, but have not yet applied the correction to the
logs in AVO_WELL. To do this, go to the Log Display window and select Option>Check Shot
Correction:

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Two windows now appear. One window shows the result of applying the check shot correction
to the sonic log:

As you can see, the point at 300 m depth causes quite a distortion of the resulting sonic log.

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The other window is a window containing the parameters for the check shot correction:

Let’s modify some of the parameters to see the effect. First change the Type of Interpolation to
Linear:

Then click Apply to see the new check shot correction:

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Note that the changes to the sonic log are quite drastic.

Now change the Type of Interpolation to Polynomial, set the Polynomial Order to 3, and check
the toggle to Apply a Smoother as shown:

When you click Apply, the effect on the sonic log is greatly reduced, but this is because the
check shot points have not been honored exactly:

Finally, let’s assume that we wish to edit the second check shot pair. First go back to the
parameter window and reset the Type of Interpolation to Spline and do not apply a smoother,
then click Apply.

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Once again, the corrected sonic log looks like this:

Now use the mouse to draw a box around the second check shot point in the Drift Curve:

Then select Edit>Delete Point:

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The second point is then removed and the corrected sonic log now looks like this:

Finally, let’s investigate the Sonic Log Changes parameter on the Check Shot Parameters
window:

This parameter controls the changes (if any) that will be made to the sonic log velocities. There
are three options:

The default is Apply relative changes. This means that the sonic log will be modified only for
depths between the first and last check shot point. This is the one that we have been using up to
now.

The second option is Apply all changes:

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If you choose this option and click Apply, you will see that a series of velocity values have been
inserted above the first logged point. These values have been calculated to precisely cause the
exact check shot times to result if the calculated log is converted from depth to time:

This option would be useful if you wanted to export the check shot corrected sonic log to another
system.

The third option is Change depth-time curve only. Selecting this option means that the depth-
time curve will be modified, but the sonic log amplitudes will be left entirely as before:

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Let’s assume that the default selection for Sonic Log Changes is an acceptable correction. Set
this back to the default, as shown, and click Apply:

To save the resulting log, click OK on the Check Shot Analysis window. This window
appears, indicating that a new sonic log will be created with the name P-wave_chk.

Click OK on this window.

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You will see the new sonic log in the Log Display window:

Reading in a Second Well

Now we will read in a second well log in general ASCII format. To start that, select Import
Data>Logs, Check Shots, Tops, Deviated Geometry from Files:

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On the File Import page, select the file strata_well.txt:

After you click Next >>, this page appears:

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In order to fill in this window, we need to see the input file, so click View File. This display
appears:

Note that the sonic log is listed in two columns, the first containing the depths and the second
containing the transit-times. Also, there are 11 header lines to skip (including the blank line).

This means that the first parameter we need to change on the ASCII File Format window is the
Number of header lines to skip. Also, change the Input Sampling Units to Feet.

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Change these values as shown above, and click Next >>.

On the Destination Well Settings page, change the name of the Destination Well to strata_well
by clicking in the cell and typing in the new name.

Click Next >> to display the following page. From the selection list under Type, change this
well type to GAS WELL as shown.

Click Next >> to display this page.

Since this file only contains a single P-wave log, fill in the window appropriately (simply change
the Log Type to P-wave and accept the default values).

Click OK when you are finished to read in the new log and dismiss the window.

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The GeoView Well Explorer now shows the new well:

If you click Display Well after highlighting strata_well, you will see the sonic log which has just
been read in:

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Displaying the Wells

In the GeoView Well Explorer window, you can navigate between the well, log and top and
deviated geometry levels. The View panel shows it as a tree style display:

Then, using the arrows, the data are shown, as below:

The list appears showing all wells entered into this database as above.

Clicking the arrow by the name strata_well gives the list below, showing you all the logs entered
for this well:

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Note that the log called Depth-time_P-wave_1 is the depth-time curve calculated for the sonic
log. Note also that any of the parameters may be modified on this window. For example,
suppose that the units for the P-wave log had been incorrectly entered. To modify the value,
click on the field containing the value us/ft and a pull-down menu appears allowing you to
change the units:

From this menu, the Tops and Deviated Geometry (if applicable) can be viewed.

From the Log Display List, you may also see the actual log data samples. To do this, click the
arrow button beside the name P-wave_1:

You can see all the sonic log sample values by moving the vertical scroll bar. Values in this
table can be changed manually.
Close the Well Explorer and Log Display windows. Close GeoView.

December 2006