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Biological Waste Disposal
Biological Waste Disposal
Biological Waste Disposal
Definition
Classificationof health- care waste
Sources of health-care waste
Health hazards of health-care waste
Treatment and disposal of health-care
waste
Medical care is vital for life, health and well
being.
But, the waste generated from medical
activities can be hazardous, toxic and even
lethal.
Rag pickers and waste workers are often the
worst affected.
Diseases transmitted- cholera, plague,TB,
HBV,HIV,diphtheria, etc.
The rules framed by the Ministry of
Environment and Forests,Govt of India,
known as ‘Bio-medical waste (Management
and Handling) Rules 1998,’ notified on 20 th
July 1998 provides uniform guidelines and
code of practice.
Bio-medical waste means any solid and/or
liquid waste including its container and any
intermediate product, which is generated
during the diagnosis, treatment or
immunization of human beings or animals or
in research pertaining thereto or in the
production or testing thereof.
Infectious waste : contain pathogens-
Properly
designed carts, trolleys and other
wheeled containers should be used.
3 types
1. Multiple hearth type
2. Rotary kiln
3. Controlled air types
Process of steam sterilization under pressure
3 types.
1. Gravity type
2. Pre-vacuum type
3. Retort type
Wet thermal
disinfection
technology
Itheats the
targeted material
from inside out
providing a high
level of
disinfection.
Itinvolves use of
chemicals- atleast 1%
hypochlorite solution
Minimum contact
period of 30 minutes
Other chemical
reagents-phenolic
compounds,iodine,etc
Deep burial of
human anatomical
waste
Animal waste
Autoclaved/micro
waved waste
Incineration ash