EIGRP

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 EIGRP
 Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol.
 EIGRP know as hybrid Protocol because it has characteristics of
DVRP & LSRP.
 EIGRP based on Bellman - Ford Algorithm.
 AD of EIGRP is 90 for internal route, 170 for external route
&5 for summary route.

Metric of EIGRP is composite that based on

following components:-
1. BANDWIDTH
2. DELAY
3. LOAD
4. RELAIBILITY
5. MTU

 By default EIGRP consider BW & Delay in its Metric.

 EIGRP [METRIC] = 256 [ IGRP METRIC ]
 Auto–summarization is by default enable in Eigrp it can be turn
off via “no auto–summary” command under Eigrp Process.
 EIGRP support BW, VLSM, and MULTICASTING & CIDR.
 Multicast address of EIGRP is 224.0.0.10
 EIGRP was Cisco proprietary. Today is an Open Standard.

EIGRP Router also creates three tables like OSPF:-

 Neighbor Table
 Topology Table
 Routing Table

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 EIGRP router sends HELLO MESSAGE in every 5 sec. on point –
to – point & BMA type network and in every 60 sec. on
NBMA type network.
 HOLD TIMER in EIGRP is 15 sec. & 180 sec. on point – to – point
& BMA and in NBMA type network respectively.

Neighbor Adjacency Components

 ASN Must be Same
 METRIC WEIGHTS Must be Same
 HELLO Must be Received

 EIGRP Router sends entire copy of its Routing table to the

directly connected neighbors at the time of neighbor adjacency.
If any change in EIGRP topology then only partial update will
send to the queries router only.
 EIGRP Router support MD-5 Authentication.
 EIGRP is the only protocol in the world that supports multiple
routed protocols together with the help of PDM.
 EIGRP is the only protocol that have backup path to reach at
destination if multiple path are present.
 EIGRP use dual to calculate primary & backup path.

DUAL have following components:-

 SUCCESSOR
 FEASIABLE SUCCESSOR
 REPORTED DISTANCE
 FESIABLE DISTANCE

 EIGRP use RTP instead of TCP for the acknowledgement of

EIGRP packets.
 EIGRP support autonomous system number. [ASN]
 Value of ASN lies between 1 – 65535

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 Router’s belong to same ASN can communicate with each other
while routers belongs to different ASN require redistribution.
 EIGRP is a classless protocol.
 EIGRP by default load balance on 4 equal path & maximum can
be 16 paths.
 EIGRP can also load balance on unequal path with the help of
variance factor.
 Variance factor is a multiplier by default its value is 1.
 Range of variance factor lies between [1-128].

How to implement EIGRP?

Router (config)# Router eigrp {ASN}
Router (config-router)# network [network ID’s] [Wild]
Networks ID’s:- Directly connected networks of that Router in which
we will apply Eigrp.

What is an Autonomous System?

Some Routing Protocol understands the concept of Autonomous System and
some Routing Protocols don’t. But the question: what is Autonomous
System? and what its concept is. An Autonomous System (AS) is a group of
networks under a single administrative control, which could be your
company, a division of company or a group of company. An AS provides a
logical boundary for a routing protocol, and exactly it has some advantage.
• You can control how far your network should be propagated.
• You can also control what route will be advertised to another AS.
An IGP routing protocol (OSPF, EIGRP, RIP, IGRP, IS-IS) only accept traffic from
the same AS. If you have configured two Autonomous System in your network
and running EIGRP. AS 1 will not send traffic to AS 2 and vice versa. Although
EIGRP is running on both Autonomous System. If you configure your network
into two AS, one AS route will not be propagated to another AS. To
communicated between Autonomous System,

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Helpful Commands
1. # show ip interface brief
(Verify and Troubleshootingip address and interface status)
2. # show protocols
(Verify and Troubleshootingip address and its subnet mask)
3. # show running-config
(Verify and Troubleshooting all configuration)
4. # show ip route
(Verify and Troubleshooting Routing Table)
5. # show ip route connected
(Verify and Troubleshooting Connected Route)
6. # show ip route eigrp
(Verify and Troubleshooting EIGRP Routing Table & LM, AD, METRIC)
7. # show ip protocols
(Verify EIGRP Components)
8. # show ip eigrp neighbour
(Verify EIGRP Neighbor)
9. #show ip eigrp topology
(Verify DUAL Components)
10. # debug ip packet
(Verify EIGRP sending hello via multicast address)
12. # traceroute
(Verify destination network id reachable via which path)

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Page | 6
Step1:
Configure IP address on all routers according to lab diagram
Router 1
conf igure Terminal
interface E0
ip address 199.10.20.33 255.255.255.224
no shutdown
exit
interaface s1
ip address 199.10.20.1 255.255.255.252
no shutdown

Step 2:
(verify and troubleshooting ip address and interface status)
R1# show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Ethernet0 199.10.20.33 YES manual up up
Serial1 199.10.20.1 YES manual up up

(Verify and Troubleshooting of ip address and its subnet mask)

R1#sh protocols
Global values:
Internet Protocol routing is enabled
Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 199.10.20.33/27
Serial1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 199.10.20.1/30

Step 3:
(Verify and Troubleshooting Routing Table before Routing)
R1# sh ip route
Gateway of last resort is not set
199.10.20.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 199.10.20.0/30 is directly connected, Serial1
C 199.10.20.32/27 is directly connected, Ethernet0
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Step 4:
Implement eigrp
Router eigrp [ASN]
Network [Netwpork ID] [Wild card mask]

Conf t
Router eigrp 100
Network 199.10.20.32 0.0.0.31
Network 199.10.20.0 0.0.0.3

(Verify and Troubleshooting all configuration)

Router 1
R1#sh running-config
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1541 bytes

!
version 12.4
ostname R1
!
enable secret 5 $1$lzji$o.TlYoDfq6s4DQ4hkC6Ft0

interface Ethernet0
ip address 199.10.20.33 255.255.255.224
!
interface Serial1
ip address 199.10.20.1 255.255.255.252
serial restart-delay 0
!
router eigrp 100
network 199.10.20.0 0.0.0.3
network 199.10.20.32 0.0.0.31
auto-summary
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
logging synchronous
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(Verify Routing Table after implementation of EIGRP
R1# show ip route
Gateway of last resort is not set
D 24.1.1.0 [90/52224000] via 199.10.20.2, 01:39:20, Serial1/0
199.10.20.0/24 is variably subnetted, 11 subnets, 2 masks
D EX 199.10.20.192/27 [170/2561536256] via 199.10.20.2, 00:00:40, Serial1/0
D 199.10.20.128/27 [90/3196416] via 199.10.20.2, 01:38:44, Serial1/0
D EX 199.10.20.160/27 [170/2561536256] via 199.10.20.2, 00:00:40, Serial1/0
D 199.10.20.64/27 [90/2172416] via 199.10.20.2, 01:39:20, Serial1/0
D 199.10.20.96/27 [90/2684416] via 199.10.20.2, 01:38:51, Serial1/0
D EX 199.10.20.16/30 [170/2561536256] via 199.10.20.2, 00:00:41, Serial1/0
D 199.10.20.8/30 [90/3193856] via 199.10.20.2, 01:38:51, Serial1/0
D 199.10.20.12/30 [90/3705856] via 199.10.20.2, 00:06:18, Serial1/0
C 199.10.20.0/30 is directly connected, Serial1
D 199.10.20.4/30 [90/2681856] via 199.10.20.2, 01:39:21, Serial1/0
C 199.10.20.32/27 is directly connected, Ethernet0

R1#show ip route connected

C 199.10.20.0/30 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C 199.10.20.32/27 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

R1#show ip route eigrp

24.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 24.1.1.0 [90/52224000] via 199.10.20.2, 01:44:53, Serial1/0
199.10.20.0/24 is variably subnetted, 11 subnets, 2 masks
D EX 199.10.20.192/27 [170/2561536256] via 199.10.20.2, 00:06:13, Serial1/0
D 199.10.20.128/27 [90/3196416] via 199.10.20.2, 01:44:17, Serial1/0
D EX 199.10.20.160/27 [170/2561536256] via 199.10.20.2, 00:06:13, Serial1/0
D 199.10.20.64/27 [90/2172416] via 199.10.20.2, 01:44:53, Serial1/0
D 199.10.20.96/27 [90/2684416] via 199.10.20.2, 01:44:23, Serial1/0
D EX 199.10.20.16/30 [170/2561536256] via 199.10.20.2, 00:06:13, Serial1/0
D 199.10.20.8/30 [90/3193856] via 199.10.20.2, 01:44:23, Serial1/0
D 199.10.20.12/30 [90/3705856] via 199.10.20.2, 00:11:50, Serial1/0
D 199.10.20.4/30 [90/2681856] via 199.10.20.2, 01:44:53, Serial1/0

Verify EIGRP Neighbor Table

R1#sh ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 100
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq
(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
0 199.10.20.2 Se1 10 00:03:23 173 1038 0 8
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Verify Topology Table
R1#show ip eigrp topology
IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID(199.10.20.33)
P 24.1.1.0/30, 1 successors, FD is 52224000
via 199.10.20.2 (52224000/51712000), Serial1/0
P 199.10.20.192/27, 1 successors, FD is 2561536256
via 199.10.20.2 (2561536256/2561024256), Serial1/0
P 199.10.20.128/27, 1 successors, FD is 3196416
via 199.10.20.2 (3196416/2684416), Serial1/0
P 199.10.20.160/27, 1 successors, FD is 2561536256
via 199.10.20.2 (2561536256/2561024256), Serial1/0
P 199.10.20.64/27, 1 successors, FD is 2172416
via 199.10.20.2 (2172416/28160), Serial1/0
P 199.10.20.96/27, 1 successors, FD is 2684416
via 199.10.20.2 (2684416/2172416), Serial1/0
P 199.10.20.16/30, 1 successors, FD is 2561536256
via 199.10.20.2 (2561536256/2561024256), Serial1/0
P 199.10.20.8/30, 1 successors, FD is 3193856
via 199.10.20.2 (3193856/2681856), Serial1/0
P 199.10.20.12/30, 1 successors, FD is 3705856
via 199.10.20.2 (3705856/3193856), Serial1/0
P 199.10.20.0/30, 1 successors, FD is 2169856
via Connected, Serial1/0
P 199.10.20.4/30, 1 successors, FD is 2681856
via 199.10.20.2 (2681856/2169856), Serial1/0
P 199.10.20.32/27, 1 successors, FD is 28160
via Connected, FastEthernet0/0

Verify EIGRP Components

R1#sh ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 100"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
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 Redistributing: eigrp 100
EIGRP NSF-aware route hold timer is 240s
Automatic network summarization is in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
199.10.20.0/30
199.10.20.32/27
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
199.10.20.2 90 00:17:59
Distance: internal 90 external 170

Verify Eigrp sending hello packet via multicast address

R1# debug ip packet
IP: s=199.10.20.33 (local), d=224.0.0.10 (Ethernet0), sending broad/multicast
IP: s=199.10.20.1 (local), d=224.0.0.10 (Serial1), sending broad/multicast

Verify destination network id reachable via which path

R1#traceroute 199.10.20.193
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 199.10.20.193
1 199.10.20.2 96 msec 40 msec 40 msec
2 24.1.1.2 68 msec 32 msec 28 msec
3 199.10.20.14 36 msec 116 msec 44 msec
4 199.10.20.18 108 msec 68 msec 108 msec

Stop unnecessary EIGRP Hello message

conf t
router eigrp 100
passive-interface f0/0

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