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Landscaping With Light: Louis Poulsen Lighting
Landscaping With Light: Louis Poulsen Lighting
Landscaping With Light: Louis Poulsen Lighting
A balanced FCA™ philosophy ensures the best lighting solution for your landscaped space.
Functional aspects are addressed by selecting a suitable light fixture, choosing a complimentary lamp package and positioning it for optimum performance.
Comfort aspects are addressed by considering the scenario and examining the lighting requirements. Ambience is addressed by thinking about the mood and
experience you wish to create.
This enables the designer (through choice of the most appropriate light fitting, weighing up intensity positioning and colour rendition) to create a unified
specification that is sensitive to requirements while enhancing the landscape form.
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function
f
5
unction
By contrast, the night sky shrouds the landscape with an air
of mystery. With only the moon-light and selected artificial
lighting, the picture becomes a play of dramatic light and
shadow, revealing some objects and hiding others.
As designer you will need to select a suitable light fixture for each
application. The versatility and simplicity of the Louis Poulsen Lighting Colour spectrum
product range will allow you to address issues of size, type, material Incandescent and halogen light sources have a continuous
and finish/colour. spectrum, representing all the colours of the rainbow, with a
smooth transition between each.
For example, recessed inground up-lighters are discreet and
invisible by day while spike mounted fixtures allow for repositioning Fluorescent light sources have a linear spectrum. They do not
as required and also help prevent plant growth over the light source. necessarily have all the colours of the rainbow and of those that do
To help a lighting scheme to ‘flow’, many of our fixtures appear in are each, separated by a black area.
‘families’. For example, a wall fixture, bollard and post top. The
‘family’ concept allows a ‘common’ design theme across a scheme.
Colour temperature
Daylight • higher than 6,000 K The colour temperature of a light source is measured in degrees
8000K
Neutral • 3,000 - 4,000 K Kelvin (K), and can be defined as warm, neutral or cool light.
Warm white • lower than 3,000 K
4000K
1000K
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N.B. Discharge light sources (metal halide/sodium/mercury) are not suitable for security lighting linked to a movement sensor, as they take a period of time to reach
their optimal colour/intensity of light, can rarely be dimmed and offer no instant light.
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positioning
Having chosen the fixture and light source, many designers underestimate the importance of positioning. Specifying
the position of a fixture will maximise the desired effect and avoid issues of unnecessary glare, cut-off shadows and
light pollution.
spacing
set back
At Jumeriah Beach Hotel in
Dubai, the gentle scalloping
effect of the light (pattern
of light/dark areas on the
wall) is governed by how
close the fixtures are placed
together.
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spotlight
spotlight
setback
When light is cast on statues and sculptures, it is important to position the light fixtures correctly to avoid shadowing and ‘cut-off’. The importance is displayed
above, where the statue of a man appears to float due to the lack of light on his lower legs.
Spacing and setback play a large role in accentuating texture to the finished picture. At Stirling Castle (above, left) just outside Edinburgh in Scotland, the
light fixtures have been placed close to the wall. This accentuates the architectural form with shadow. Had the fixtures been placed further from the wall the
building would have had less shadows and appeared flatter in contrast. Illuminating the subject in this way contributes to the myth and mystery associated
with a castle.
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designing a lighting scheme
after
before
The difference in quality of light plays an important role in how the user
feels when moving within a space.
The small image below and on the left demonstrates how glare from
a light fixture can ‘hide’ a person. By minimising glare, as shown in
the image on the right, you can help the user feel safe and enjoy the
experience of the space after dark.
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The garage or carport - you may use different types of light fixture for this purpose, but the
avoidance of glare to the driver is very important.
A path from the parking point to the main entrance door requires ample light for frequent
use. It is important to suggest the direction one should take.
garage
driveway
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driveway
driveway
It is important to illuminate the route from the main entrance to the main door
of the house or building, both for car and pedestrian access. For driveways,
bollards or small post tops/lanterns seem the obvious solution. However,
should the drive be tree lined, ‘moonlighting’ is an option. This will offer a
beautiful picture by night and an uncluttered landscape by day.
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applications
entrance
doorway
The entrance point to a building should be obvious at night. If the building itself is up-lit, we suggest the entrance
has a form of downward light, delineating it as the entrance. If there is neither a porch nor overhead canopy to
mount an overhead fixture, wall fixtures mounted at ¾ of the height of the door or above the door will frame
the entrance. House names and numbers should be clearly illuminated for visitors, taxis and in some cases the
emergency services.
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application map
The following plans highlight stereo typical features found within urban and residential schemes.
The matrix below offers suggested product groups for the key areas marked.
urban
Road
Sitting
area Trees/
General planting
Walkway
Parking
Steps
Building fascia
Sculpture
Main entrance
Driveway/ Forecourt/ Garage Main Building Terrace/ Pool area General Trees Sculpture Paths/ Steps
Road Parking entrance fascia Sitting area planting Walkways
Product section
Inground/Recessed
• • • • • • • • • • • •
Onground
• • • • •
Surface mounted
• • • • • • • • •
Wall
• • • • • • •
Bollard
• • • • • •
Post tops
• • • • • •
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residential
Wood Trees
Garage
House
West
terrace Conser-
vatory
South terrace
Lake
Dry
garden
Wood General
planting
Lawn
Hornbeam Walk
Wood Path
way
Trees
Sculpture
Driveway/ Forecourt/ Garage Main Building Terrace/ Pool area General Trees Sculpture Paths/ Steps
Road Parking entrance fascia Sitting area planting Walkways
Product section
Onground/Recessed
• • • • • • • • • • •
Onground
• • • • •
Surface mounted
• • • • • • • • • •
Wall
• • • • • • •
Bollard
Post tops
• • • • • •
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comfort
c
19
omfort
than in the confines of your own garden. Once the gene-
ral lighting requirements have been decided, you can then
look to create a sense of depth to the scheme by drawing
out focal points of interest. Avoid ‘over lighting’, which
can lead to the final picture appearing flat and lacking
contrast. Remember, the darkness is as important as the
light.
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the purpose of light
When designing a lighting scheme, both functional and decorative elements have to be considered. Urban and residential schemes both require a level of
functional light to navigate by. However, gardens play more on aesthetics, while urban spaces are generally more about experiencing the architecture.
To explain the difference the plans have been separated into two colours.
The functional zones are illustrated in blue, while the more decorative and ambient areas appear in red.
urbanap
Road
Sitting
area Trees/
General planting
Walkway
Parking
Steps
Building fascia
Sculpture
Main entrance
residentialp
Wood Trees
House
West
terrace Conser-
vatory
South terrace
Lake
Dry
garden
Wood General
planting
Lawn
Hornbeam Walk
Wood Path
way
Trees
Sculpture
lighting consideration
It is important to remember that good lighting design will not only provide safety and aesthetical value, but also give the daily user an experience to
remember.
Although some people would rather see the night remain night, i.e. dark, Louis Poulsen Lighting products are designed and tested to perform in a precise
manor. Getting the light to where it is needed, avoiding spill and unnecessary light pollution are of utmost importance to us.
In order to respect both the user and the environment, Louis Poulsen Lighting bases its lighting solutions on the philosophy of: function, comfort and ambience
- FCA™. We consider it paramount that our fixtures unite with the architecture and the surroundings. The light has to become a natural element.
We recommend where possible a lighting scheme that combines fixtures at varying heights. The highest fixtures set the upper limit against the night sky
while the lower fixtures secure the best recognition and navigation for people in the dark.
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dark sky
Organisations like Dark Sky participate in the lighting debate, casting stringent views on what they consider light pollution and how
to avoid it.
Dark Sky works with the terms full cut-off, cut-off and semi cut-off. These terms are defined by the values indicated below. During
the planning and design stages, the character of an area determines which fixture will be the most suitable. Note: a full cut-off is not
particularly appropriate in an area where parameters like ambience or comfort are important.
Max. 0% light above 90° Max. 2.5% light above 90° Max. 5% light above 90°
Max. 10% light above 80° Max. 10% light above 80° Max. 20% light above 80°
Anti-glare/Pollution
Landscape lighting is about ‘painting’ the finished picture, the
emphasis being on the effect and not where it is coming from.
Louis Poulsen Lighting fixtures offer a wide range of accessories
for optimizing light performance and minimising light pollution.
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ambience
am
25
bience
uncomfortable.
Lighting is not just a question of placing a few light fixtures
in a space to see by. It is about creating an ambience with
deep respect for the darkness and the surroundings.
When designing, think of your self as an artist painting with
light. As far as possible, you want to see the effect and not
where it is coming from.
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lighting technique
Light fixtures can be used in different ways to create mood. This is often suggested by the contours of the
landscape. Here are a few common techniques:
Down-lighting
Although a general term encompassing many of the lighting techniques,
down-lighting is the most natural technique as this is the way we perceive light
i.e. sunlight. Good examples of down-lighting include security and path lighting
which cover functional aspects, while moonlighting and spotlighting offer a more
aesthetic approach. Aesthetical down-lighting is especially effective in structures such
as pergolas, gazebos or recreational areas.
Up-lighting
Up-lighting is a very simple yet dramatic lighting form where a fixture is placed under
an object such as tree or sculpture.
Being a manmade distribution of light and therefore unnatural to the human visual
perception, it attracts immediate attention.
Recessed up-light fixtures are discreet and invisible by day, while spike-mounted
fixtures although visible in daylight, can be repositioned easily and prevent plant
growth over the light source.
Spot-lighting
This is a very direct technique used to illuminate important features and focal points
e.g. statuary.
The use of narrow-beam light sources often allows the fixture to be placed some
distance from the subject. This technique is essentially for aesthetical purposes and
directing attention in a particular direction. However, it should be used in moderation
as overuse may be confusing to the eye, drawing it in many directions.
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Moon-lighting
An ally to down-light, this is one of the most effective and natural looking lighting techniques simulating the soft diffuse
light of the moon. For best results, it relies on suitably mature trees. With light fixtures positioned correctly, light passes
through the canopy casting graceful shadows at ground level. The fixtures must be located high up (15m approx), to prevent
glare. Fixtures mounted too low generally need to be angled out, often creating glare. Moon-lighting is often used as infill
light between two brighter areas.
Mirror-lighting
Mirror-lighting utilises the reflective quality of a pool, pond or a lake’s surface. By leaving the water in darkness and
illuminating objects such as trees, planting or structures on the far side of the water, a magical mirrored reflection can be
achieved. Viewing it in situ really is like looking into an underworld!
N.B. Small ponds and water features lack the surface area for reflection; however, many gardens and parcs have moving
water that can be illuminated. Here we suggest that you position the fixtures just under the surface, allowing the water to
fall directly onto them, creating moving shadows that ‘dance’ on the neighbouring surfaces.
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ambience concept & lighting tools
The following plans give an indication of where the lighting technique may be best used.
The matrix to the right indicates suitable products for specific areas.
urbanap
Raod
Sitting
area Trees/
General planting
Walkway
Parking
Steps
Building fascia
Main entrance
Products Driveway/ Forecourt/ Garage Main Building Terrace/ Pool General Trees Sculpture Paths/ Steps
Road Parking entrance Fascia Sitting area area planting Walkways
Inground/recessed
IPR10
IPR12
IPR14
Nimbus
Nimbus LED
WeeBee LED
LytLed
Dex
Onground
Dome
Tripos
Tripos Mini
Pagoda
Volcano
LP Knap
Surface
SPR10
SPR12
SPR14
WeeBee Spot
Wall
Toldbod Wall
Nyhavn Wall
Homann M2
Orbiter Wall
PH Wall
PH 3- 2½ Wall
Kipp Wall
Dex
Nimbus Wall
Dock Wall
Skot Wall
Skot Maxi Wall
WeeBee Wall
Bollards
Bysted
Toldbod Ø 155 Bollard
Kipp Bollard
Orbiter Bollard
Sentry
Skot Bollard
Dock Bollard
PH 3 - 2½ Bollard
Waterfront
Planet Bollard
Poles
Nyhavn Boulevard Post
Patina
Kastrup
Kipp Post
Orbiter Post
Terminal
Toldbod Post
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ambience concept & lighting tools
The wide range of Louis Poulsen Lighting products make it possible to create a unique project. The plan below shows examples where the lighting
techniques can be applied, the matrix explains which product may be most suitable.
residentialp
Wood Trees
House
West
terrace Conser-
vatory
South terrace
Lake
Dry
garden
Wood General
planting
Lawn
Path
Wood way
Trees
Sculpture
Products Driveway/ Forecourt/ Garage Main Building Terrace/ Pool General Trees Sculpture Paths/ Steps
Road Parking entrance Fascia Sitting area area planting Walkways
Inground/recessed
IPR10
IPR12
IPR14
Nimbus
Nimbus LED
WeeBee LED
LytLed
Dex
Onground
Dome
Tripos
Tripos Mini
Pagoda
Volcano
LP Knap
Surface
SPR10
SPR12
SPR14
WeeBee Spot
Wall
Toldbod Wall
Nyhavn Wall
Homann M2
Orbiter Wall
PH Wall
PH 3- 2½ Wall
Kipp Wall
Dex
Nimbus Wall
Dock Wall
Skot Wall
Skot Maxi Wall
WeeBee Wall
Bollards
Bysted
Toldbod Ø 155 Bollard
Kipp Bollard
Orbiter Bollard
Sentry
Skot Bollard
Dock Bollard
PH 3 - 2½ Bollard
Waterfront
Planet Bollard
Poles
Nyhavn Boulevard Post
Patina
Kastrup
Kipp Post
Orbiter Post
Terminal
Toldbod Post
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ambience
Photo: Kaslov Studio, Image Design, Hugh Palmer, Steve Hinds, Frank Domin, Terry A. Renna Photography, Peter Grant, Mandy Reynolds Photoforum, Günther Lehnert, Anders Sune Berg, Chelsea Garden/Garden designer: Fiona Lawren-
son. Chelsea Garden/Architect: Marcus Barnett & Philip Nixon. Chelsea Garden/Architect: Scape Design. Harrods Place/Architect: Macfarlane Wilder. ABC Holiday Extras/Architect: Walker & Martin (WAM). Stirling Castle/Lighting designer:
Northern Light. GlaxoSmithKline/Architect: Swanke Hayden Connell Architects. Jumeriah Beach Hotel/Lighting designer: SAMA. Palm Desert Visitor Centre/Architect: Interactive Design Corporation. Downham Market/Architect: Sheils
Flynn Architects. The Ministry of Defence/Architect: Wohlert Architects. Garden/Garden designer: Cherry Mills. 82 Ringford Road/Designer: Tony Craddock. Van Wall House/Architect: Christodoulou Marshall Architects. PF Chang’s China
Bistro/Architect: MBH Architects. Old House Farm/Garden designer: Knoble Landscapes. Fulwood Walk/Architect: Bowles & Wyer. Bar XV Ranch/Architect: Barber Architecture. Campbell Square, Liverpool/architect: Andy Thomson BCA
Landscape.
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product families
The Louis Poulsen Lighting product programme includes a trademark design concept called product families. This unique concept is based on our close
relationship with architects and their desire to equip an entire building using the same family of products, both on the outside and the inside. For example,
Toldbod Pendant, Toldbod Wall, Toldbod Bollard and Toldbod Post.
Designing in this way allows architectural adaptability while creating a common ideom between buildings and landscape.
Toldbod
Toldbod Wall Toldbod Ø 155 Toldbod Ø 155 Toldbod Post Toldbod 155/220 Toldbod 120
Wall Bollard Glass Pendant Metal Pendant
Kipp
Nyhavn
Nyhavn Wall Nyhavn Maxi Wall Nyhavn Boulevard Nyhavn Pendant Nyhavn Maxi
Pendant
Orbiter
Orbiter Wall Orbiter Bollard Orbiter Mini Post Orbiter Maxi Post Orbiter Micro Orbiter Pendant
Pendant
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products
onground
surface
wall
Toldbod Wall Toldbod Ø 155 Wall Kipp Wall Orbiter Wall Nyhavn Wall Skot Wall Skot Maxi Wall
bollards
Toldbod 155 Bollard Waterfront Kipp Bollard Orbiter Bollard Sentry Skot Bollard Bysted
poles
Toldbod Post Terminal Kipp Post Orbiter Post Nyhavn Boulevard Patina Kastrup
Post
inground/recessed
Dex
wall
PH 3-2½ Wall PH Wall Homann M2 Dock Wall Dex WeeBee Wall Nimbus Wall
bollards
Design: Louis Poulsen Lighting A/S - IMD 2007.01. Lithography: Garn Grafisk ApS. Print: Rosendahls Bogtrykkeri AS. Item no.: 57 01 024 500.
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