REVISION

A. TENSES
I. Present simple / Thì hiện tại đơn –
(Always, usually, often, sometimes, everyday, every year, never, rarely …)
1. Khẳng định: S +V (s/es) : She often plays piano at home.
2. Phủ định : S +do not/does not +V: I do not like her.
3. Nghi vấn: Do/Does +S +V ? Does he use his laptop usually?
- Diễn tả 1 sự việc diễn ra trong 1 thời gian dài hoặc sở thích ở hiện tại:
Mary often goes to school by bicycle.
- Diễn tả 1 sự việc lặp đi lặp lại đã thành thói quen ở hiện tại hoặc năng lực của con người:
I get up early every morning.
- Diễn tả 1 hiện tượng luôn luôn đúng, chân lý, sự thật hiển nhiên:
The sun rises in the East.
1. I _________________ (be) in a café now.
2. _________________ (she / play) tennis every week?
3. They _________________ (go) to the cinema every Wednesday.
4. _________________ (she / be) a singer?
5. You _________________ (find) the weather here cold.
6. _________________ (they / be) on the bus?
7. Lucy _________________ (ride) her bicycle to work.
8. Why _________________ (he / be) in France?
9. I _________________ (not / play) the piano often.
10. It _________________ (not / be) cold today.
11. We _________________ (be) from Portugal.
12. _________________ (we / make) too much noise at night?
13. Where _________________ (Harry / study)?
14. _________________ (it / be) foggy today?
15. We _________________ (not / be) late.
16. They _________________ (not / like) animals.
17. Where _________________ (you / be)?
18. He _________________ (not / be) an accountant.
19. _________________ (the dog / eat) chicken?
20. She _________________ (be) my sister.
II. Simple Past / Quá khứ đơn
(Yesterday, Last night, last week, Khoảng thời gian + ago, Thời gian trong quá khứ:
2 weeks ago; In 1945)
Diễn tả 1 hành động, sự việc đã xảy ra trong quá khứ
1. Khẳng định: S + V-ed/V2 She played the piano yesterday.
2. Phủ định: S + didn't + V (bare infinitive). I didn’t go to see her 3 weeks ago.
3. Nghi vấn: Did + S+ V (bare infinitive)? Did he used his laptop last night?

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 Note: - Was: I, he, she, it, danh từ số ít, danh từ không đếm được
- Were: You, we, they, danh từ số nhiều
=> Where were you yesterday morning?
1. I _________________ (work) in a bank for ten years.
2. Where _________________ (you / live) when you were young?
3. She _________________ (not / study) French at university.
4. He _________________ (travel) through the Middle East last year.
5. _________________ (they / visit) the Louvre in Paris?
6. She _________________ (not / watch) TV yesterday.
7. We _________________ (buy) a new car last weekend.
8. Where _________________ (you / teach) before you came here?
9. He _________________ (not / think) that he was right.
10. I _________________ (cook) steak last night.
11. _________________ (Lucy / read) ‘War and Peace’ at school?
12. She _________________ (not / write) to her grandmother.
13. We _________________ (have) a computer when I was a child.
14. Where _________________ (you / go) on holiday?
15. I _________________ (love) ice cream when I was a child.
16. They _________________ (not / meet) yesterday.
17. _________________ (she / swim) in the sea in Greece?
18. We _________________ (not / play) tennis yesterday because it was raining.
19. He _________________ (try) to lift the box but he couldn’t.
20. What _________________ (you / eat) for lunch?
Exercise
Present Simple and Past Simple
1. She (not drink) ………………..... coffee. She (drink) ………………....milk.
2. It (be) ……….. often hot in the summer.
3. What …….. you (do) …….. every morning?
4. Mozart (write) …………….. more than 600 pieces of music.
5. Yesterday I (be) ………busy, so I (not have) …………………. time to phone you.
6. Bees (make) …………….. honey.
7. Alexander (introduce) ………...…….. the telephone in 1876.
8. We usually (go)…….. to the library three times a week, but last week we (go)........
twice.
9. Rice (not grow) ……………...…… in cold climates.
10. The letter (come) …………………… a few days ago.
11. It (not rain) …………………. very much in summer.
12. Lisa (not go) ……………. to work yesterday. She wasn’t feeling well.
13. I (want).................. to phone Diane last night but I (forget)................... .
14. Tom ( repair ) …………………… his bicycle last Friday.
15. He always ( stay ) …………………… in bed late on Sunday morning.

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III. Present continuous / Hiện Tại Tiếp Diễn –
(Now, Right now, At the moment, At this moment, At present, Câu thức mệnh lệnh
Look! Listen!...)
1. Khẳng định: S + am/ is/ are + V-ing. She is playing the piano right now.
2. Phủ định : S + am/ is /are + not + V-ing I am not reading at this moment.
3. Nghi vấn: Am/ Is/ Are + S + V-ing? Is he wearing a hat?
- Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra ở hiện tại:
The children are playing football now.
- Tiếp theo sau câu đề nghị, mệnh lệnh:
Look! The child is crying. / Be quiet! The baby is sleeping in the next room.

Note: Một số động từ không chia tiếp diễn:

● Động từ chỉ sự suy nghĩ: believe, see, recognize, imagine, remember,
forget, understand, realize, know, suppose…
● Động từ chỉ cảm xúc: like, love, dislike, prefer, hate, want…
● Động từ chỉ nhận thức: see, taste, hear, smell, feel…
● Các động từ khác: to be, need, seem, belong to, include…

IV. Past continuous tense / Quá khứ tiếp diễn –

(Thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ: at 8 p.m yesterday; at this time last yesterday, At
this morning, While + quá khứ tiếp diễn, At that very moment…)
1. Khẳng định: S + was/ were + V-ing She was playing the piano at this time last night.
2. Phủ định: S + was/ were + not + V-ing I were not reading when she came.
3. Nghi vấn: Was/ Were + S+ V-ing ? Was he wearing a hat at that very moment?
Wh_Q + was/were + S + V-ing? Who was looking at me at 4pm yesterday?

- - Diễn tả 1 sự việc đang xảy ra ở 1 thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ:
They were meeting secretly after school at 5pm last evening.
- - Diễn tả 1 sự việc đang diễn ra ở quá khứ thì 1 sự việc khác cắt ngang:
The children were doing their homework when I got home.
- - Diễn tả 2 hành động đang diễn tả song song tại 1 thời điểm trong quá khứ:
I was cooking dinner while my son was playing with our dog.

Exercise
I. Present continuous or Past continuous
1. Listen to those people. What language they (talk) ……………………….. ?
2. When we came, they ( build ) ……………………….. a new library.
3. What you ( do) ……………………….. now ?

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4. Please don’t say anything while I ( learn ) …………………… my lesson.
5. My brother came in while Tom and I ( play ) …………………… chess
6. Look! The dog ( run ) ……………………after him.
7. Mr Johnson ( stay ) …………………… in London now.
8. At this time yesterday, I (prepare) ……………………… for my son’s birthday party.
9. We ( have) ……………………….. dinner in a restaurant right now.
10. I ( watch) ………………………. TV with my parents in the living room now.
11.She (do) ……………. her homework at the time yesterday.
12. Yesterday while my father (watch) ……………………….. TV, my mother (read)
……………………….. the newspaper, mysister (do) …………………… her
homework and I (play) ……………….. chess with my friend.

II. Present Simple or Present Continuous

1. You (not / like) _________________________________ chocolate.
2. She (not / study) _________________________________ at the moment.
3. We often (go) _________________________________ to the cinema.
4. He usually (not / do) _________________________________ his homework.
5. They (not / eat) _________________________________ rice every day.
6. We (not / study) _________________________________ every night.
7. (You / like) _________________________________ spicy food?
8. (She / go) _________________________________ to Scotland often?
9. (He / eat) _________________________________ now?
10. They (study) _________________________________ now.
11. I (clean) _________________________________ the kitchen every day.
12. She (work) _________________________________ every Sunday.
13. We (not / sleep) _________________________________ now.
14. He (not / go) _________________________________ to the park very often.
15. It (rain) _________________________________ a lot here.
16. I often (read) _________________________________ at night.

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 V. Simple Future / Tương Lai Đơn –
(Tomorrow, next day, next week, soon, in the future, thời gian trong tương lai, …)
Will/Shall Be going to

Khẳng S + shall/will + V (bare infinitive) S + am/ is/ are + going to + V (bare

định She will buy a new mobile phone. infinitive)
They are going to build a new house this
year.
Phủ S + shall/will + Not + V (bare S + am/ is/ are + not + going to + V
định infinitive) (bare infinitive)\
He won’t come back tomorrow. She isn't going to meet her friend’s
parents tomorrow.
Nghi Will/ Shall + S + V (bare infinitive) ? am/ is/ are + S + going to + V (bare
vấn Will you bring me something to drink? infinitive)?
Are you going to sell your apartment?
- - Diễn tả việc sẽ xảy ra trong tương - - Diễn tả việc sắp xảy ra ở tương lai
lai mà không sắp xếp, dự định trước: gần: They are leaving from Frankfurt
Ok. I will go with you tomorrow. airport at 6 o’clock p.m
- - Đề nghị được làm việc gì đó. - - Diễn tả dự định sẽ làm 1 việc gì đó
- - Hứa làm 1 việc gì đó. trong tương lai: Before I go to China
- - Yêu cầu ai đó làm việc gì. next year, I’m going to learn Chinese.
- - Đồng ý, từ chối làm việc gì. - - Dự đoán việc sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai
- - Dự đoán mang tính chủ quan, không dựa vào dấu hiệu ở hiện tại: Look at the
biết chắc: I think it will rain soon. dark cloud! It is going to rain.
Exercise
‘Will’ or ‘be going to’:
1. They (do) _________________ it for you tomorrow.
2. I promise I (return) _________________ school on time.
3. The meeting _________________ (take) place at 4 p.m.
4. We believe that she (recover) _________________ from her illness soon.
5. I think he (not come) . _________________ back his hometown.
6. I'm afraid I_________________ (not/ be) able to come tomorrow.
7. Because of the train delay, the meeting _________________ (not / take) place at 10
o'clock.
8. The restaurant was terrible! I _________________ there again. (not/ eat)
9. I ____________ never _____________ to you again. (speak)
10. According to the weather forecast, it _____________________ (not / rain) this weekend.
11. I have bought two tickets. My wife and I ___________________ (see) a movie tonight.
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Exercise 2
1. A: We don’t have any bread.

- B: I know. I ________________________ get some from the shop.

2. A: We don’t have any bread.

- B: Really? I _______________________] get some from the shop then.

3. A: Why do you need to borrow my suitcase?

- B: I _______________________ visit my mother in Scotland next month.

4. A: I’m really cold.

- B: I _______________________] turn the heating on.

5. A: Are you going to John’s party tonight?

- B: Yes. Are you going too? I _______________________] give you a lift.

6. A: What are your plans after you leave university?

- B: I ___________________ work in a hospital in Africa. I leave on the 28th .

7. (The phone rings) A: I _____________________ get it!

8. A: Are you ready to order?

- B: I can’t decide … Okay, I ____________________ have the steak, please.

9. A: Are you busy tonight? Would you like to have coffee?

- B: Sorry. I ______________________ go to the library. I’ve been planning to

study all day.

10. A: Why are you carrying a hammer?

- B: I _______________________ put up some pictures.

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VI. Present perfect / Hiện tại hoàn thành
(Already, Just, Recently, Lately, Not…yet, Ever, Never, Several times, Up to now,
Many times, So far, Never before, For + 1 khoảng thời gian: for 5 years, Since + 1
mốc thời gian: since 2012, For so long/a long time)
1. Khẳng định : S + have/has + past participle(V3)?
2. Phủ định : S + haven’t/hasn’t + V3?
3. Nghi vấn : Have/Has + S + V3 ?
- Diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng kéo dài đến hiện tại:
I have learned English for 10 years.
They’ve been married for nearly fifty years.
- Diễn tả 1 hành động thường xuyên làm trong quá khứ và vẫn tiếp tục đến hiện tại:
I’ve played the guitar ever since I was a teenager.
- Sử dụng với “since” : I have worked here since I left school.
- Nói về kinh nghiệm đã từng trải qua:
My last birthday was the worst day I have ever had
Have you ever met George? - Yes, but I’ve never met his wife.
Complete the sentences using SINCE or FOR
1. Linda has been the manage of Timeways travel in London ______three years
2. I’ve lived in Rome ________ I was two.
3. Mr.Woods hasn’t been feeling well _______over a month.
4. Sally and her boyfriend Peter have been going out together_______last winter.
5. I’ve been waiting _______ a few minutes.
6. He’s been in Japan _______ 1986.
7. I haven’t seen you _______ christmas.
8. It hasn’t rained here ________ more than a month.
9. we haven’t bought a new shoes _______ ages.
10. We’ve been here _______ january.
11. It has been raining.._______.lunch time.
12. My boss has gone away _______ ten days.
13. I haved lived in England_______a year.
14. She has lived in London_______ 1985.
15. Please hurry up ! We have been waiting _______ an hour.
16. I have known her_______ January.
17. Nam’s father has worked in this company _______ 20 years.
18. Have you learned English_______ a long time?
19. I haven’t seen Tom_______ Monday.
20. This house is very dirty. Wer haven’t cleaned it _______ ages.
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VII. Past perfect / Quá khứ hoàn thành –
(By/until + thời gian trong quá khứ: By 2005, he had written 5 books; Before + thời
gian trong quá khứ; After + mệnh đề quá khứ, As soon as, By the time, Already, …)
1. Khẳng định : S + had + past participle(V3)?
2. Phủ định : S + had not/ hadn’t + V3?
3. Nghi vấn : Had + S + V3 ?
- Diễn tả 1 hành động, sự việc đã xảy ra và hoàn thành trước 1 thời điểm hoặc 1 sự việc
khác ở quá khứ: I had done all my homework before 9 p.m yesterday.
He phoned me after he had passed the exam.
- Diễn đạt một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ. Hành
động xảy ra trước dùng quá khứ hoàn thành - xảy ra sau dùng quá khứ đơn.

1. When I arrived at the cinema, the film ____________________ (start).

2. She ____________________ (live) in China before she went to Thailand.
3. After they ____________________ (eat) the shellfish, they began to feel sick.
4. I went to the library, then I ________________________________ (buy) some milk and
went home.
5. I opened my handbag to find that I ________________________________ (forgot) my
credit card.
6. When we ________________________________ (arrive) at the station, the train had
already left.
7. We got home to find that someone ________________________________ (break) into
the house.
8. _______________________ (they / travel) by bullet train before?
9. _______________________ (John / meet) Lucy before they went on holiday together?
10. _______________________ (you / do) your homework already?
Exercise
I. Past Simple and Present Perfect
1. Last night I __________________ (lose) my keys – I had to call my flatmate to let me
in.
2. I __________________ (lose) my keys – can you help me look for them?
3. I __________________ (visit) Paris three times.
4. Last year I __________________ (visit) Paris.
5. I __________________ (know) my great grandmother for a few years - she died when I
was eight.
6. I __________________ (know) Julie for three years – we still meet once a month.
7. I __________________ (play) hockey since I was a child – I’m pretty good!
8. She __________________ (live) in London since 1994.
9. Last month I __________________ (go) to Scotland
10. I __________________ (finish) my exams finally – I’m so happy!
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 II. Past Perfect and Past Simple
1. We had already eaten when John ______________________________ (come) home.
2. Last year Juan ________________________________ (pass) all his exams.
3. When I ________________________________ (get) to the airport I discovered I had
forgotten my passport.
4. I went to the library, then I __________________________ (buy) some milk and went
home.
5. I opened my handbag to find that I ___________________________ (forgot) my credit
card.
6. When we _____________________________ (arrive) at the station, the train had
already left.
7. William felt ill last night because he ____________________________ (eat) too many
cakes.
8. I opened the fridge to find someone ________________________________ (eat) all my
chocolate.
9. After arriving home, I realised I ________________________________ (not / buy) any
milk.
10. Julie was very pleased to see that John ___________________________ (clean) the
kitchen.
III. Present Perfect or Past Perfect
1. It’ll soon get warm in here. I (turn) ______________________ the heating on.
2. She (not/come) ___________________ here for a long time.
3. The children collected mangos that (fall) ___________________ from the tree.
4. He (be) ___________________ at his computer for seven hours.
5. She (write) ___________________ three poems about her fatherland.
6. We (finish) ___________________ three English courses.
7. There is no more cheese. I (eat) ___________________ it all, I’m afraid.
8. He (live) ___________________ here all his life..
9. Is this the second time he (lose) ___________________ his job?
10. Before he went to bed, he (read) ___________________ a novel.
11. When I came to the stadium, the match (start) ___________________ .

12. Last night, Peter (go) ___________________ to the supermarket before he went

home.
13. They came back home after they (finish) ___________________ their work.

14. He (not / ride) ___________________ a elephants before that day.

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 * Đổi câu: THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH

1. S + HAVE/HAS +V3/ed + FOR + Khoảng thời gian / SINCE + 1 thời điểm

trong quá khứ
⇔ IT IS + TIME + SINCE + V2/ed
Ex: I haven’t seen her for three weeks. ↔ It’s three weeks since I last saw her.
2. S + HASN’T/HAVEN’T/NEVER + V3/ed + BEFORE
⇔THIS IS THE FIRST TIME + S + HAVE /HAS + V3/ed
Ex: I haven’t seen that man here before. ↔ This is the first time I have seen that
man here.
3. S + started / began - V_ing + in, when/ Since …….
⇔S + HAVE/HAS +BEEN + V_ing + SINCE/FOR +TIME
Ex: I started working for the company a year ago.
↔ I’ve been working for the company for a year.
↔ I’ve been working for the company since last year.
4. S + HASN’T/ HAVEN’T + V3/ED + SINCE + S + V2-ed/TIME
⇔ S + LAST + V2/ED +WHEN...
⇔THE LAST TIME + S + V2/ED + WAS.....
Ex: Laurence hasn’t seen her sister since she left for Japan.
↔ Laurence last saw her sister when she left for Japan.
↔______________________________________________
Lucy hasn’t worn that dress since Barbara’s wedding.
↔ The last time Lucy wore that dress was Barbara’s wedding.
↔________________________________________________

Rewrite the sentence without changing the meaning:

1. We haven’t been to the concert for over a year .
=> The last time ………………………………………………………………………
2. We last saw our grandfather two years ago .
=> We haven’t …………………………………………………………………………
3. I have never read such a romantic story .
=> This is ………………………………………………………………………………
4. It’s nearly twenty years since my father saw my uncle.
=> My father ………………………………………………………………………
5. he hasn’t been back to his village for over 20 years .
=> It’s …………………………………………………………………………………
6. The journey to the village was very interesting to the boys .
=> We haven’t ………………………………………………………………………
7. The last time we went to a cinema was two years ago .
=>We haven’t ………………………………………………………………………
8. The last time we saw him was on Monday .
=> We …………………………………………………………………………………

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Rewrite the sentence without changing the meaning:
1. This is the first time he went abroad.
=> He hasn't......................................................................................................................
2. She started driving 1 month ago.
=> She has.................................................................................................................
3. We began eating when it started to rain.
=> We have................................................................................................................
4. I last had my hair cut when I left her.
=> I haven't................................................................................................................
5. The last time she kissed me was 5 months ago.
=> She hasn't.............................................................................................................
6. It is a long time since we last met.
=> We haven't.............................................................................................................
7. When did you have it?
=> How long...........................................................................................................?
8. This is the first time I had such a delicious meal.
=> I haven't................................................................................................................
9. I haven't seen him for 8 days.
=> The last................................................................................................................
10. I haven't taken a bath since Monday.
=> It is........................................................................................................................
11. This last time she came back to her hometown was 4 years ago.
=> She hasn't............................................................................................................
12. He started working as a bank clerk 3 months ago.
=> He has.................................................................................................................
13. It has been 5 years since we first flew to Singapore.
=> We have................................................................................................................
14. I last had my hair cut in November.
=> I haven't................................................................................................................
15. The last time we called each other was 5 months ago.
=> We haven't.............................................................................................................
16. It is a long time since we last met.
=> We haven't.............................................................................................................
17. When did you have it?
=> How long...........................................................................................................?
18. This is the first time I had such a delicious meal.
=> I haven't................................................................................................................
19. I haven't seen him for 8 days.
=> The last................................................................................................................
20. To day is Saturday. I haven't taken a bath since Wednesday.
=> It is........................................................................................................................

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Exercise 3
1. Katy bought her car four years ago. (own)
=> Katy ____________________________________________ for four years.
2. It is our first time in Las Vegas. (go)
=> We ______________________________________________ to Las Vegas before.
3. The last time Jimmy saw his uncle was in 2002.
=> Jimmy ____________________________________________ since 2002.
4. My aunt moved to Korea three months ago. (live)
=> My aunt _______________________________________ for three months.
6. When did you meet your boyfriend? (know)
=> How long ____________________________________ your boyfriend?
7. I started to play the piano when I was six.
=> I have ______________________________________________________________
8. I’m in England for the first time in my life.
=> This ____________________________________________________________
9. We haven’t seen him for over twenty years.
=> It’s _______________________________________________________________
10. I came to London ten years ago.
=> I have _____________________________________________________________
11. Steve started learning the violin a month ago.
=> Steve _____________________________________________________________
12. I haven’t been to a Chinese restaurant for ages.
=> It’s age ___________________________________________________________
13. The last time Nancy came here was in 1986.
=> Nancy hasn’t _________________________________________________________
14. It’s a long time since our last conversation.
=> We _________________________________________________________________
15. We started learning English about 5 years ago.
=> We’ve _____________________________________________________________
16. The last time Joe heard from his family was in June.
=> Joe hasn’t ___________________________________________________________
17. When did you start learning English ?
=> How long ____________________________________________________________
18. It’s three years since I started using this bicycle.
=> I have _______________________________________________________________
19. I haven’t been to Bristol for 3 years.
=> The last time _________________________________________________________
20. How long is it since they bought the house ?
=> When _______________________________________________________________
21. I haven’t seen that man here before.
=> It’s _________________________________________________________________

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 * Đổi câu: QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH
- Before/ By the time + S + V2/Ved, S + had + V3/ed
Ex: Before I watched TV, I had done my homework.
- After + S + had + V3/ed, S + V2/Ved
Ex: After I had done my homework, I watched TV.

Rewrite the sentence without changing the meaning:

1. David had gone home before we arrived.
- After _________________________________________________________________
- When we _______________________________________________________________
2. We had lunch then we took a look around the shops.
- Before ________________________________________________________________
3. The light had gone out before we got out of the office.
- When _______________________________________________________________
4. After she had explained everything clearly, we started our work.
- By the time ___________________________________________________________
5. My father had watered all the plants in the garden by the time my mother came home.
- Before _______________________________________________________________
6. I had a bath. Then I went to bed

- After_______________________________________________________________

7. We arrived. The party finished.

- By the time ____________________________________________________________

8. Julia cleaned the house. Then she went shopping.

- After __________________________________________________________________

9. He left school and then joined the army.

- After he ________________________________________________________________
10. We had already eaten when John came home.
- Before _________________________________________________________________
. 11. When I got to the airport I discovered I had forgotten my passport.
- By the time _____________________________________________________________

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