TK4036 – Teknologi

Pengolahan Gas
CO2 Separation –
Membrane
Source
2
Why CO2 Need To Be Removed?

In presence of water, corrode pipelines or

Corrosion other equipments

Reduce Heating Value Provide no heating value

Block pipelines and damage pumps or other

Form Dry Ice equipments

Specifications US Pipeline Specifications: ≤2%

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 Single-Stage Membrane Process
Membrane selectivity > 50
Permeate side pressure 0.12 MPa

(ACHIEVED!)
95%
recovery &
Feed Pressure 98% purity
Yang et al. (2010) 5 MPa
Flow Rate
Feed contain 11.47 m3(STP)/day
10% CO2 and 90% CH4
Figure 1. Single-Stage Membrane Process

The total membrane area required for this single-stage membrane separation process is tens of thousands of square
meters.

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 Two-Stage Membrane Process
Membrane selectivity > 20
Permeate side pressure 0.12 MPa

(ACHIEVED!)
95%
Feed Pressure recovery &
5 MPa 98% purity

Yang et al. (2010)

Feed contain
10% CO2 and 90% CH4
Figure 1. Two-Stage Membrane Process

To reduce the total membrane area, moderate selectivity (slightly lower than 100) and relatively high permeance were
required.
The compression energy for this two-stage membrane process was estimated to be 107.5 kJ·m-3.

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Membrane Technology Advantages

Easy Installation by
Skid-mounting Small footprint and
operation simplicity

Low capital cost

Low energy
consumption

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 Some Recent Development
Khalilpour et al. (2013)
Medium selectivity of 60 and
medium permeability (90-150 GPU)
at feed temperature of 25°C was
more advantageous in terms of
process cost.
Kwon et al. (2017)
The two-stage membrane system
was found to exhibit low membrane
area consumption to match the
pipeline specification (CO2
concentration below 2%), and it was
taken as the most profitable
configuration.
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 Conclusions

CO2 need to be removed from the natural gas stream to prevent corrosion, reducing heating value, dry ice
1 forming, and to meet natural gas specifications.

Membrane technology has low capital cost, low energy consumption, easy installation process, requires
2 small area, and simple operation.

3 The optimal value of permeance and selectivity could be determined through techno-economic analysis.

The two-stage membrane process was found to be more economically competitive than the three-stage
4 membrane process.

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 Membrane Regeneration (Wang et al., 2014)

Polypropylene Polyvinylidene fluoride

• Higher regeneration efficiency • Faster CO2 desorption rate

• Better stability on long-term running

Membrane regeneration using PP and PVDF gives 28% reduction in energy consumption as
regeneration pressure operated at 20 kPa compared to conventional thermal regeneration for
CO2 membrane stripping of 20%wt MEA at 343K.

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