Learning Goals

Today, I will learn…

Types of cameras

Components of cameras

Pixels & Megapixels

Introduction to Exposure
Types of Cameras

How many types of cameras can you think of?

Types of Cameras

Camera Obscura
Daguerreotype
Kodak & film
Instant Camera
SLR
Point & Shoot
Bridge/Prosumer*
DSLR
Smartphone
Mirrorless
Camera Obscura

A box with a small pinhole and photosensitive

paper; when pinhole is open, paper is exposed to
light

Versions of camera obscura used as early as the 16 th

century; telescopes would project images onto
walls in darkrooms

1816: Joseph Niépce first to combine camera obscura

with photosensitive paper and glass

1826/27: ‘View from the Window at Le Gras’

Daguerreotype

1838: Invented by Louis Dageurre

Chemically-treated steel/copper plate that

would react when exposed to light

Would take approximately 10 minutes to

develop/process an image
Kodak & Film

1884: George Eastman, developed dry gel on

paper, or film, to replace the photographic
plate; the first film roll

Portable, low in cost, and for the masses!

1901: Introduction of the Brownie portable

camera
35mm Film

1934: Kodak introduced 35mm (a.k.a. 135mm)

film catridges

This became the standard for photography

and motion pictures

Also known as full-frame

Instant Camera

1923: A camera that developed in

a “portable” darkroom was
invented; too large and clunky

1948: The first commercial instant

camera is developed;
Polaroid Land
SLR

SLR = Single lens reflex

Uses penta-prism mirror to allow

photographer to see exactly what the lens sees

We’ll see how this works this later…

1959: Nikon F is world’s first SLR camera

Point & Shoot (Digital Camera)

1975: First digital camera, invented by Steve

Sasson; worked at Kodak

Small, compact, lightweight, user-friendly

(not that one , obviously!)

Non-interchangeable lens

Limited functionality

Small sensors (lower quality image)

Point & Shoot (Digital Camera)
Bridge/Prosumer*

More functionality than typical P&S

Typically, non-interchangeable lens

Small sensors (lower quality image)

A combo of P&S user-friendliness with more

advanced manual features of a DSLR
DSLR

1991: First commercial DSLR; Kodak DCS Crop Frame

100

DSLR = Digital single lens reflex

Works identically to the manual SLR

Replaces film with a digital sensor

Advanced functionality

Full frame & Crop-frame (full-sized sensor

vs. smaller, more compact sensor) Full Frame
How does the D/SLR work?
How does the D/SLR work? Watch

Viewing Shooting
Mirrorless

MILC: Mirrorless Interchangeable-lens Camera

2004: Leica M, first MILC

Advantages;

More accurate representation of final image

Gets rid of the penta-prism mirror =

Lighter, smaller

Less parts, less expensive

Smartphone

2000: First camera phone; J-Phone

Initially, very limited;

Low quality

Low focus range

Extremely small sensor

Now, camera phones rival point &

shoots!
It’s not about the gear!
What is a
Pixel?

Digital bit of colour information

The smallest editable component of an

image
What is a
Pixel?
What is a
Megapixel?

A megapixel is a measurement of pixels by

the millions

1 megapixel = 1 million pixels

A 10 Megapixel camera can potentially have

10 million pixels within a single image
What is a
Megapixel?

You can calculate a megapixel by

multiplying the image’s width and height in
pixels;

For example;

4752 px wide X 3168 px high =

15,054,336 pixels or
15 megapixels
Exposure
What is
Exposure?

In photography, exposure is the amount of

light in your image.

Exposure can be determined by three key

factors:

Aperture

Shutter Speed

ISO
Role-Reversal

In small groups, you will get one key term related to

exposure

Your job is to teach and test the class about these terms
in a creative way:

Teach: PowerPoint or Prezi

Test: Kahoot! Game or Socrative Quiz

And, design a reference sheet regarding your term

Role-Reversal

Within your lesson, be visual!

For example;

Present to the class what the difference between an

image with a low ISO vs. high ISO
Role-Reversal

Test your classmates’ knowledge of your key exposure

term by including 2-3 questions that are related to that
key term using a game or quiz.

For example:What are common resolutions in digital

displays?

You will present your ‘lesson’ and test your class