Trans Presentation 2014 1e

ECA-ECE-ICAP Workshop: UN Road Safety Conventions and
Approaches to Preventing Drink Driving
Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road
Alibech Mireles Diaz

Transport Division, UNECE
© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

Contents
• Introduction
• Packagings and tanks
• Emergency response
‒ Marks
‒ Labels
‒ Placards
• Transport operations
• Driver training
‒ Driver training certificates
• Vehicle construction and approval
‒ Vehicle certificates
• ADR
© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 2

Introduction
Dangerous goods:
Are produced and transported in very large quantities

Cover a very large range of products
Present risks for the population in general, property and
the environment (at all stages of their lifecycle)

Introduction
Dangerous Goods (examples)

Class 1: Explosives
•Military ammunitions, bombs (all types)

•Industrial explosives (dynamite)
•Fireworks
Introduction
Class 2: Divisions 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3
• Gases compressed, liquefied or refrigerated
• Div. 2.1: Flammable gases

(propane, LPG, cigarette lighters)
• Div. 2.2: Non-flammable, non-toxic gases

(air, oxygen, nitrogen, helium)
• Div.2.3: Toxic gases

(ammonia, chlorine)

Introduction

Class 3: Flammable liquids
• Petroleum products, paints, alcoholic beverages

Introduction

Class 4: Div. 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3
• Div. 4.1: Flammable solids (Sulphur, matches)

• Div. 4.2: Substances liable to spontaneous combustion (phosphorus; fish meal,
seed cake)
• Div. 4.3: In contact with water emit flammable gases (metal powders; sodium)

Introduction

Class 5: Div. 5.1 and 5.2
• Div. 5.1: Oxidizing substances

(Ammonium nitrate fertilizers,
hydrogen peroxide, bleaching agents)
• Div. 5.2: Organic peroxides (Dibenzoyl

peroxide, catalysts for polyester resin)

Introduction

Class 6: Div. 6.1 and 6.2
• Div. 6.1: Toxic substances (Sodium cyanide, pesticides)

• Div. 6.2: Infectious substances (Cultures for bacteria, viruses,
etc; medical diagnostic specimens, medical wastes)

Introduction

Class 7: Radioactive material
• Nuclear fuel,
• Uranium hexafluoride,
• Medical radioisotopes

Introduction

Class 8: Corrosive substances
• Sulphuric acid, Caustic soda, Car batteries

Introduction

Class 9: Miscellaneous
• Environmentally hazardous substances;

• Mobile phone/computer batteries…

Introduction

Introduction
1978, Los Alfaques (Spain)

•Substance involved: 43 m3 liquefied propylene;
•Mode of transport: by road;
•217 people killed; 400 yards devastated in all
directions.
1998, Yaounde (Cameroun):

•Substance involved: petroleum products;
•Mode of transport: by rail;
•220 people killed; 130 injured.

Introduction
• Accidents have also negative effects on

the environment.
• Well-known examples are oil spillages:

– Torrey-Canyon;
– Amoco Cadiz;
– Exxon Valdez;
– Erika…
• Although small spillages of highly toxic

substances may also have disastrous
effects.

UN Regulatory Framework
IMO ICAO RID/ADR/ADN Joint Meeting

(WP.15/AC.1)
OTIF WP.15 WP.15/AC.2

UNMR Rev.18
(adopted in Dec. 2012)
Provisions implemented as from January 2015

Packagings and tanks
Classic packagings
• Up to 400 kg/450 l, such as
drums, jerricans, boxes, bags,
etc.

IBCs and
large packagings

Tanks

Hazard labels
Affixing appropriate hazard label(s) on the packages:
4 4 5.2
3 4 5.1
20
Marks
Marking the UN (identification) number of the goods on the package,

and the “Proper Shipping Name”
• UN No.: 3082
• Proper shipping name: ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, N.O.S.

Placards
Affixing placards on the cargo transport units (vehicles, wagons,

containers, tanks) and displaying, either on these placards or on
separate orange plates, the UN identification number;
22
Placards
Mark for carriage at elevated

temperature
Fumigation warning mark
COOLANT/CONDITIONER warning mark for

vehicles and containers
Environmentally hazardous
substance mark
Placard for radioactive material (class 7)
23
Placards
ADR orange-coloured plate marking Hazard identification numbers

with hazard identification number
The hazard identification number consists of two or
and UN number three figures. In general, the figures indicate the
following hazards:
2. Emission of gas due to pressure or to chemical

reaction
3. Flammability of liquids (vapours) and gases or self-
heating liquid
4. Flammability of solids or self-heating solid
5. Oxidizing (fire-intensifying) effect
6. Toxicity or risk of infection
7. Radioactivity
8. Corrosivity
9. Risk of spontaneous violent reaction
Doubling of a figure indicates an intensification of that particular hazard. Where the hazard associated with a substance can be
adequately indicated by a single figure, this is followed by zero. If a hazard identification number is prefixed by the letter "X", this
indicates that the substance will react dangerously with water.
24
Transport Hazard Communication:
documentation
• Multimodal Transport document

• Providing details of the dangerous goods
offered for shipment:
• UN No., proper shipping name, hazard class
and subsidiary hazard, packing group
• Number and kind of packages
• Shipper’s declaration
• Shipper/consignor/consignee
25
Emergency response
Emergency response information
For consignments for which a dangerous goods transport document is required, appropriate information
shall be immediately available at all times for use in emergency response to accidents and incidents
involving dangerous goods in transport.
The information shall be available away from the packages containing the dangerous goods and
immediately accessible in the event of an accident or incident. Methods of compliance include:
1.Appropriate entries in the transport document; or

2.Provision of a separate document such as a safety data sheet; or
3.Provision of a separate document, such as the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) “Emergency
Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving Dangerous Goods” or the International Maritime
Organization (IMO) “Emergency Procedures for Ships Carrying Dangerous Goods” and “Medical First Aid
Guide in Accidents Involving Dangerous Goods”, for use in conjunction with the transport document.
26
Emergency response: North America
The Emergency Response Guidebook has several sections based on the

color of the pages:
1.The white section provides directions, emergency phone numbers, general

information and guidance.
2.The yellow section lists the chemicals based on their four digit ID and guide
numbers.
3.The blue section lists the chemicals in alphabetical order (a way for you to get
the four digit UN number and the guide page number also).
4.The orange section is the guide pages which provide emergency chemical
information, actions to take, personal protective equipment guidelines, fire
extinguishing material recommendations and isolation/evacuation distances;
these are known as the “guide pages”.
5.The green section provides distances for isolation and protective action
(evacuation and shelter-in-place distances) for chemical that are gases or will
travel as gases and a list of water reactive chemicals that will give off toxic gases
when in contact with water.
Emergency response
The CEFIC Emergency Response Intervention Cards (ERICards or ERIC's) provide

guidance on initial actions for fire crews when they first arrive at the scene of a
chemical transport accident without having appropriate and reliable product specific
emergency information at hand.
Emergency Response Intervention Cards information is structured according to a standard

format:
1. Page header with substance name, UN number, 5. Emergency response
hazard number, ADR label, ADR class, ‒ General measures
classification code (hazard identification ‒ Measures fabric outlet
number), packing group and ERICard number ‒ Measures in case of fire (if material involved)
2. Properties 6. First Aid
3. Dangers 7. Special precautions in the recovery of dang. goods
4. Personal protection 8. Precautions for the use of aid
‒ Removal of protective clothing (Decon P)
‒ Cleaning of equipment (Decon G)
http://www.ericards.net/
Training (UN Model Regulations)
• Human errors are the main cause of accidents.

• The UN Model Regulations (and related legal instruments):
(a) require training of all persons engaged in the transport of dangerous goods:
– in the contents of dangerous goods requirements;
– commensurate with their responsibilities; and
(b) lay down specific provisions regarding:
– general awareness/familiarization training,
– function specific training,
– safety training, records of training, etc.
• Training can be provided by the employer
29
Training RID/ADR/ADN
•ADR requires:
– Training for drivers of road vehicles (ADR driver training certificate) (initial training
and refreshers courses); and
– Specific additional training for drivers of tank vehicles, vehicles carrying explosives
and vehicles carrying radioactive material.
•ADN requires:
– experts trained every 5 years be on board chemical and gas tankers
•RID/ADR/ADN also require the appointment of a dangerous goods safety adviser (DGSA)
holding a vocational training certificate.
30
Means of transport
SOLAS, MARPOL certificates ADR certificate

ADN certificate

ADR
AGREEMENT:
– Done on 30 September 1957
– Entered into force on 29 January 1968
ANNEXES A AND B:
– Regularly amended since 1968
– Now amended every two years on the basis of UN Recommendations on
the Transport of Dangerous Goods
– Harmonized with other mode regulations (sea, air, rail, inland waterways)
– Latest edition in force since 1 January 2013

48 contracting parties

ADR: Structure
• Annex A (Parts 1-7), general provisions:

– Applicable to the goods themselves (classification, packing, tanks, labelling,
documents…)
– Relevant for all modes of transport
– Directly based on the UN Model Regulations
– Nearly identical to:
• RID (rail)
• ADN (inland waterways)
• IMDG Code (sea)
• ICAO TI (air)
– Conditions for application of additional rules
• for reasons other than safety during transport

ADR: Structure
• Annex B (Parts 8-9)

– provisions concerning transport equipment and transport operations
specific to road transport
• Vehicle crew, including training
• Operation and equipment
• Supervision of vehicles
• Road tunnel restrictions
• Construction, approval and inspections of vehicles

ADR
ADR = Safety + Security + Facilitation
– Allows carriers of one country to carry dangerous goods from this country
through and to any other Contracting Party country. No additional
requirements imposed by transit or destination countries;
– Mutual recognition of certificates:

– Packaging certificates
– Vehicle certificates
– Tank certificates
– Driver training certificates

ADR
– Mutual trust and cooperation between Contracting Parties;
– High level of safety, but not excessive burden for countries;
– Possibility of negotiating derogations with other Contracting Parties

(bilateral/multilateral agreements);
– Open to all UN Member States (via accession).

Working Party on the Transport of Dangerous Goods - WP.15
– All UNECE countries

– All UN Member States interested in ADR
– Voting rights for UNECE countries and Contracting Parties only

ADR: implications for Parties
• Administrative procedures for:

– packagings, tanks and vehicles
approval/certificates
– dangerous goods safety adviser certificates
– driver training certificates
– enforcement (controls and checks; penalties)
– cooperation with other Contracting Parties
• Notifications to the UNECE secretariat
• Regular participation in the Working Party on the
Transport of Dangerous Goods (WP.15)

ADR: application to domestic traffic
• Not required by ADR, but highly recommended

– (UNECE Inland Transport Committee, Resolution No. 200, 18.12.1959)
• ADR application to domestic traffic ensures:

– full compatibility of national and international regulations;
– better performance of transport operators;
– better compliance with safety regulations;
– better enforcement.
• European Union: Directive 2008/68/CE (ADR, RID et ADN)

Publications
http://www.unece.org/trans/publications/ http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/
dg_adr_2015.html publi/adr/adr_roadmap.html
http://www.unece.org/transport/resources/publications/transdangerpublidg-
publications/2013/recommendations-on-the-transport-of-dangerous-goods-model-regulations-
rev18/doc.html

Thank you!
UNECE
Transport Division
www.unece.org/trans

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ECA-ECE-ICAP Workshop: UN Road Safety Conventions and

Approaches to Preventing Drink Driving

Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road

Alibech Mireles Diaz

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 2

Are produced and transported in very large quantities

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 3

Dangerous Goods (examples)

•Military ammunitions, bombs (all types)

Class 2: Divisions 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3

• Gases compressed, liquefied or refrigerated

• Div. 2.1: Flammable gases

• Div. 2.2: Non-flammable, non-toxic gases

• Div.2.3: Toxic gases

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 5

Dangerous Goods (examples)

• Petroleum products, paints, alcoholic beverages

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 6

Dangerous Goods (examples)

• Div. 4.1: Flammable solids (Sulphur, matches)

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 7

Dangerous Goods (examples)

• Div. 5.1: Oxidizing substances

• Div. 5.2: Organic peroxides (Dibenzoyl

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 8

Dangerous Goods (examples)

• Div. 6.1: Toxic substances (Sodium cyanide, pesticides)

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 9

Dangerous Goods (examples)

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 10

Dangerous Goods (examples)

• Sulphuric acid, Caustic soda, Car batteries

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 11

Dangerous Goods (examples)

• Environmentally hazardous substances;

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 12

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 13

1978, Los Alfaques (Spain)

1998, Yaounde (Cameroun):

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 14

• Accidents have also negative effects on

• Well-known examples are oil spillages:

• Although small spillages of highly toxic

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 15

IMO ICAO RID/ADR/ADN Joint Meeting

OTIF WP.15 WP.15/AC.2

Provisions implemented as from January 2015

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 16

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 17

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 18

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 19

Affixing appropriate hazard label(s) on the packages:

Marking the UN (identification) number of the goods on the package,

© United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 21

Affixing placards on the cargo transport units (vehicles, wagons,

Mark for carriage at elevated

Fumigation warning mark

COOLANT/CONDITIONER warning mark for

ADR orange-coloured plate marking Hazard identification numbers

2. Emission of gas due to pressure or to chemical

• Multimodal Transport document

Emergency response information

1.Appropriate entries in the transport document; or