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Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy, 2nd ed

Article  in  The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne · December 1996

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 The author, a respected clinician and a pioneer in I reached for Gray's Anatomy. The 38th edition of
the field of zoological medicine, shares a wealth of "Gray" is a wonderful and monumental work compris-
practical and personal experience working with a wide ing 4 kg of thin paper, but it did not contain the infor-
variety of domestic and nondomestic species. Well- mation I sought. The information was available all
chosen anecdotes illustrate the importance of preparation, right, I found it in Netter's beautiful atlas. Such is the
step-by-step planning of the restraint procedure, and good nature of anatomy books; they can never be all things to
reflexes and a sense of humor for those situations that all people, the subject overwhelms us all. A fully com-
"don't follow the plan." Each chapter is clearly written, prehensive account of the anatomy of all domestic ani-
and equipment and methods are richly illustrated in mals would simultaneously break a student's spirit,
photographs and line drawings. bookshelf, and pocket. The art of writing a useful text in
The section presenting general concepts includes veterinary anatomy is therefore the art of choice and com-
important basic considerations, tools, and procedures. It promise. I suspect the authors of the Textbook of
emphasizes special physical and behavioral character- Veterinary Anatomy have collectively taught over 5000
istics of the major species that must be considered for undergraduate veterinary students, and they have learned
application of effective manual restraint. Although their art well. This is no dusting off of dog-eared lecture
there is greater consideration of restraint of nondomestic notes.
animals, the basic principles presented are applicable to But, to make the most of the book, it is essential to
the handling of any animal; namely, minimize stress, understand its layout. The first 10 chapters are general
minimize pain, respect the animal's defenses, and introductions to the body systems and are essential
choose a restraint technique to fit the situation and basic reading. The authors are careful to provide land-
need. An interesting variety of restraint equipment, marks in the border territories with such related disci-
both commercially available and homemade, is dis- plines of physiology, histology, embryology, and neu-
cussed and illustrated, and basic rope work is reviewed rology. In this part of the book, they refer to individual
and applied. species mainly by way of example or for the purposes of
The section on chemical restraint includes information comparison, and no sources are given. The next 26 chap-
and illustrations of various drug delivery systems that are ters are both topographical and applied, with separate
used regularly by zoo veterinarians and are finding sections dealing with the carnivores, the horse, the
greater application in private practice, as increasing ruminants, and last, but not least, the pig. Bibliographies
numbers of nondomestic animals are privately owned. are provided here. The final chapter deals solely with
Immobilizing chemicals that are regularly used by vet- avian anatomy, a topic not mentioned elsewhere in the
erinarians in North America are discussed on a practical book. Because of this arrangement, it is possible to
level. The reader is invited to consult a pharmacology overlook information that is not to be found, say, in the
text, if greater physiological detail is required. Separate topographical section, when all the time, it has already
chapters on stress, thermoregulation, and medical prob- been dealt with under the appropriate system. Fore-
lems associated with restraint are well written for prac- warned - by reading the preface - is forearmed.
tical reference and definitely worth reviewing. This is an eminently literate work. It is tightly written
The chapters on domestic and nondomestic animals and demands slow and careful reading. I learned more
consider groups of animals, based on taxonomic orders about the fundamentals of ultrasonography from 3 intro-
and families, and each chapter includes a table of aver- ductory sentences here than can be gleaned from pages
age weights for representative species. Mammals, birds, of specialist works. The plain-English vocabulary is
reptiles, amphibians, and fish receive attention. Chapters wide and interesting, reflecting the authors fascination
are clearly divided into sections that consider the danger with the subject. On the other hand, the technical usage
potential, anatomy and physiology, manual restraint, is robust and unpretentious: not for them "pectoral
chemical restraint, and methods of transport of each appendage" for "forelimb," or "crus" for "leg," or "gen-
species or grouping of animals. ual joint" for "stifle," and only very rarely, where pre-
This concise and easily read text, with its effective mixcision demands it, "manus" for "forepaw." Wherever it
of illustrations, extensive literature references, and the is reasonable, the English versions of Latin terms are
author's varied observations and personal experiences, used, there are no irritating acronyms and a pig remains
will be a useful reference for veterinarians working in any a pig, not (I am happy to say) the "porcine."
field that requires handling and restraint of animals. It is The book is profusely illustrated, containing 68 color
also highly entertaining. photographs at the beginning and over 1000 black and
white figures. Since each figure usually includes several
Reviewed by Kay G. Mehren, BVSc, DVM, Dip ACZM, drawings, I calculate that the price per picture must be
Head of Veterinary Services, Metro Toronto Zoo, 361A about 5 cents, good value as these things go. Some
Old Finch Avenue, Scarborough, Ontario MJB 5K7. illustrations are familiar classics but most are entirely
new. There are lots of radiographs and a few sono-
grams. Important applied issues are mentioned fre-
quently and give a sense of context within the wider
Dyce KM, Sack WO, Wensing CJG. Textbook of scope of veterinary medicine. But the inherent joys of
Veterinary Anatomy, 2nd ed. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, comparative anatomy are not forgotten, and there are
Pennsylvania, 1996. 856 pp. ISBN 0-7216-4961-0. occasional illustrations of bears' paws and seals' kidneys.
$1 19.00. The 2nd edition is not radically different from the 1st.
I There is more content, but the book is a bit thinner.
recently had a very local pain in my knee and to sort out
The bibliographies now include publications in the 90s
the plethora of structures that might have been involved, and there is more information on the cat. There are
Can Vet J Volume 37, December 1996 763
 more diagrams and many more color photographs, some
of which have labels that are almost illegible.
Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy is primarily intended
for students, as the name implies, yet it remains a vital
reference work for the profession. It will not please
everybody all of the time, no anatomy text can. It will
please many for most of the time, it is a fine book, it is
the best there is!
Reviewed by Peter F. Flood, BVSc, MSc, PhD, MRCVS,
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Western College of
Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan,
52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4.
Osborne CA, Finco DF. Canine and Feline Nephrology
and Urology. Williams and Wilkins, Media, Pennsylvania,
1995. 960 pp. ISBN 0-683-0666-8. $105.00 US.
Edited by Carl A. Osborne and Delmar R. Finco, both
renowned as leaders in small animal nephrology
and urology, with 41 other contributors, who are also rec-
ognized for their expertise in the specific subject matter,
this text represents the first revision of Canine and
Feline Urology since the original text was published in
1972. The expansion of knowledge in veterinary nephrol-
ogy and urology since that time is reflected in the
increase in both text length and page size from the 1 st
edition (417 pages) to this text (960 pages).
The preface states that the purpose of the text is to
bring together contemporary information about the
causes, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prognosis, treat-
ment, and prevention of diseases of the urinary sys-
tem of companion animals. The book is designed for the
individual whose clinical practice requires familiarity
with available diagnostic and therapeutic methods. The
book fulfills these objectives by providing informa-
tion about urinary diseases in a simplified, systematic,
and readily accessible outline form.
The book is divided into 6 major sections with a
total of 45 chapters. The 1st section is "Applied Anatomy
and Physiology." In its first 2 chapters, the relevant
gross and microscopic anatomy of the kidneys, col-
lecting system, urinary bladder, and urethra is reviewed.
The physiology of urine formation and elimination,
including renal regulation of electrolytes, acid-base,
and water balance is thereafter briefly reviewed.
The 2nd section on "Clinical Evaluation of the Urinary
System" contains 13 chapters devoted to principles of
diagnosis and diagnostic techniques for evaluation of the
urinary system. Principles of diagnosis are well outlined
by briefly reviewing the basic clinical syndromes (acute
renal failure, chronic renal failure, nephrotic syndrome,
urolithiasis, etc.) of urinary system disease. Included is
a comprehensive chapter on databases and clinical algo-
rithms, which provides for the evaluation of many dis-
orders, including renal failure, polyuria, proteinuria,
electrolyte disorders, and hematuria, to name a few.
Minimum and problem-specific databases are provided
for the diagnosis of urinary tract disorders, renal failure,
protein-losing glomerulopathy, hematuria, and urinary
tract infections. These chapters provide diagnostic
direction and are useful to both the experienced and
novice clinician. There are detailed, well-illustrated
764
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sections on techniques of urine collection and collection
and analysis of prostatic fluid and tissue, followed by
chapters on urinalysis, urine culture, urinary protein
loss, and evaluation of renal functions. A well-illustrated
section on diagnostic imaging provides excellent detail
with respect to both radiographic and ultrasonographic
examinations. Other chapters cover renal biopsy,
endoscopy, tests of lower urinary tract function, and
catheter and forceps biopsy of the urethra, urinary blad-
der, and prostate gland.
The 3rd section covers "Diseases of the Kidney" in
17 chapters. Although much of the content in this section
can be found in current textbooks of small animal inter-
nal medicine, its inclusion makes the section compre-
hensive. There are individual chapters on specific renal
diseases, including glomerular diseases, tubulo-interstitial
diseases, renal amyloidosis, acute renal failure, and
pyelonephritis. Specific chapters deal with hypertension
and the management of other aspects of renal failure,
including anemia and drug therapy. Those interested will
find the chapters on dialysis and renal transplantation
useful.
The 4th section deals with "Diseases of the Ureters"
in 2 chapters, namely, vesicoureteral reflux and ectropic
ureters and ureteroceles.
"Diseases of the Lower Urinary Tract" are covered in
the 5th section, which contains 5 chapters, covering
disorders of the feline lower urinary tract, inherited
and congenital disease of the lower urinary tract, dis-
orders of micturition, urethral diseases of dogs and
cats, and diseases of the prostate gland. The portions on
the feline lower urinary tract and diseases of the prostate
gland are nearly identical to those found in the 4th edi-
tion of Ettinger's Textbook of Veterinary Internal
Medicine.
The 6th section deals with "Diseases of the Upper and
Lower Urinary Tract." This section contains 5 chapters,
covering bacterial infections of the canine and feline
urinary tract, canine and feline urolithiasis, obtructive
uropathy, physical injuries to the urinary tract, neo-
plasms of the urinary tract, and parasites of the upper and
lower urinary tract.
In summary, this text represents a comprehensive
overview of nephrology and urology in the dog and
cat. Its outline form makes the accession of information
easy and efficient. The illustrations and line drawings are
of high quality. It is a major disappointment that many
of the chapters are nothing more than superficial revisions
of sections already present within current textbooks; the
content is, however, up-to-date and should provide a use-
ful resource. Students, interns, residents, and clinicians
will readily turn to this book to answer day-to-day
questions.
Reviewed by Stanley L Rubin, DVM, MS, Dip ACVIM,
Professor, Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine,
Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of
Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon,
Saskatchewan S7N 5B4.
Stalheim OV. Veterinary Conversations with Mid-
Twentieth Century Leaders. Iowa State University
Press, Ames, Iowa, 1996. 302 pp. ISBN O-8138-2995-X.
$29.95 US.
Can Vet J Volume 37, December 1996