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Locked Rotor Current
Locked Rotor Current
Electric Motor
Driven Fire
Pump
pp
Applications
include
sprinkler
system and
water mist
system.
©2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
1
Electric motors should be selected to satisfy the
requirements of the machines on which they are
applied without exceeding rated electric motor
temperature.
General Purpose
Motor Conveyor Motor
©2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
MECHANICAL POWER
RATING
2
The mechanical power rating of motors is
expressed in either horsepower (HP) or watts
(W): 1 HP = 746 W.
Two important
factors that
determine
mechanical power
output are torque
and speed.
3
CURRENT
Nameplate full-
load current rating
of the motor is
used when
determining the
size of overload
sensing elements
for the motor
circuit.
©2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
4
Locked Rotor Current is the amount of current the
motor can be expected to draw under starting
conditions when full voltage is applied and is also
known as the starting inrush current
5
CODE LETTER
6
Overcurrent protection devices most be set above the
locked-rotor current of the motor to prevent the
overcurrent protection device from opening when the
rotor of the motor is starting.
Problem:
Determine the maximum
locked-rotor current for a
Code C,
460-volt,3-phase, 100-HP
motor.
C d Letter
Code L Value
V l x HP x 577
LR Current =
Rated Voltage
Solution 4 x 100 x 577
460
502 Amps
©2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
DESIGN LETTER
7
NEMA has defined four standard motor designs
for AC motors using the letters A, B, C, and D to
meet specific requirements posed by different
application loads.
EFFICIENCY
8
Motor efficiency is the ratio of mechanical power
output to the electrical power input, usually
expressed as a percentage.
9
Stray losses are the losses that remain after
primary copper and secondary losses, iron losses
and mechanical losses.
3-Phase Harmonic
Power Distortion
ENERGY-EFFICIENT
MOTORS
10
Energy-efficient motors use less energy because they
are manufactured with higher quality materials and
techniques.
FRAME SIZE
11
Motors come in various frame sizes to match the
requirements of the application. In general, the
frame size gets larger with increasing
horsepower
p or with decreasing g speeds.
p
NEMA prescribes
standard frame sizes for
certain dimensions of NEMA
standard motors. As an Frame Size
56
example, a motor with a
frame size of 56 will
always have a shaft
height above the base of
3-1/2 inches.
©2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
FREQUENCY
12
Frequency refers to the line frequency of the
power supply for which an AC motor is designed
to operate at.
50 Hz
60 Hz
3460/2850
60/50
13
FULL LOAD SPEED
Volts – 115 V
Full Load Amps – 8.1 A
½ HP
Frequency – 60 Hz
Speed – 1725 RPM
14
LOAD REQUIREMENTS
15
Typical constant torque load applications are
conveyors, hoists, and traction devices.
16
Examples of loads that exhibit variable torque
characteristics are centrifugal fans, pumps and blowers.
17
One example of this type of load would be a lathe.
MOTOR
TEMPERATURE
RATINGS
18
A motor's insulation system separates electrical
components from each other, preventing short
circuits and thus, winding burnout and failure.
Checking motor
temperature.
19
Temperature rise is the amount of temperature
change that can be expected within the winding
of the motor from non-operating (cool condition)
to its temperature at full load continuous
operating condition.
20
Insulations class of a motor is designated by
letter according to temperature each is capable
of withstanding without serious deterioration of
its insulating properties.
DUTY CYCLE
21
The duty cycle refers to the length of time a
motor is expected to operate under full load.
Motor ratings according to duty are:
continuous duty and intermittent duty.
TORQUE
22
Motor torque is the twisting force exerted by the
shaft of a motor.
23
MOTOR ENCLOSURES
24
The two general classifications of motor
enclosures are open and totally enclosed
25
Hazardous Location motors are designed with
enclosures suitable for environments in which explosive
or ignitable vapors or dusts are present, or are likely to
become present. These special motors are required to
ensure that any internal fault in the motor will not ignite
the vapor or dust.
METRIC MOTORS
26
When you need a replacement for a metric
(IEC) the most practical way to proceed is to
get an exact metric replacement motor.
When direct replacements are not available the
following may need to be considered:
Although
Alth h th
there iis some correlation
l ti b t
between NEMA andd
IEC motor enclosures, it is not always possible to show a
direct cross-reference from one standard to the other.
IEC winding insulation classes parallel those of NEMA
and in all but very rare cases use the same letter
designations
©2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
27
NEMA and IEC duty cycle rating are different. Where
NEMA commonly designates continuous or intermittent
duty, IEC uses eight duty cycle designations.
28