BOILER AND AUXILIARIES

Operational Theory and Limiting Factors

a.) Boiler Losses
Any heat energy not transferred to the water and steam represents a boiler
loss. The major energy losses in a coal-fired boiler are flue gas losses, unburned fuel
loss, and radiant heat losses.

1. Flue Gas Losses

a. One of the major energy losses associated with the operation of the
boiler is the heat contained in the flue gas discharged from the air
heaters and eventually lost up the stack.
b. Too much cooling of flue gas may result to condensation of water
and acid on the flue gas side of the air heater because of the water
vapor and sulfur oxides (H2O + SOx = H2SO4 - Sulfuric Acid). This
leads to corrosion damage of ductwork and downstream
components (i.e., ESPs, ID Fans) and/or plugging of the air heater.
c. Flue Gas Losses, also referred to as Stack Losses, consist of the Dry
Flue Gas Loss and Moister Losses.
d.